二、原因状语从句：、定义：1在句中用来说明主句原因的句子叫原因状语从句。: 、常用引导词2now (that)becauseas since(既然(既然),) (因为), ), (由于、时态：3原因状语从句一般都是根据实际情况选用适当的时态。通常是主过从过，主现从现。4、because, since和as的区别：
1) because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句的后面，because从句位于句首时要用逗号分开，放在句末时，可不用逗号分开。because表示直接原因，语气最强，最适合回答why引导的疑问句。because of 也表示原因，但它后面不接从句, 只能接名词, 代词或动名词。注意：because 和so 不可同时出现在一个句子里。①I do it because I like it. = I like it so I do it.
②We went by bus because it was cheaper. = It was cheaper so we went by bus.
③He can't go to school because of his illness.
2) since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”=
弱。语气比because 较为正式，now that )，①Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.
②Since you don't trust him, you should not employ him.
③Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
3) as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，含有对比说明的意味，语气
比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。
①As it is raining, you'd better take a taxi.
②As you are tired, you had better rest.
③I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.
4) for引导的是并列句表示原因但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补
充说明，for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
①He could not have seen me, for I was not there.
②He seldom goes out now, for he is very old.
5.
三、目的状语从句：
1、定义：在句中用来作目的状语的句子叫目的状语从句。．
: 2、常用引导词in order that so that )以便(以便),(、时态：3目的状语从句一般都是根据实际情况选用适当的时态。也通常是主过从过，主现从现。、目的状语
从句应注意以下：4等情态动词。1) 目的状语从句中常含有can, could, may, might, should, will, wouldI got up early so that I could catch the first bus.
可以引导目的状语从句。2) 在口语中soWe'll sit nearer the front so we can hear better. 的区别：3) in order that与in order to= so that +in order that + ①从句从句= to+ = so as to +in order to+ ②) 动词原形动词原形( 动词原形不放于句首I get up early in order to catch the early bus.
= I get up early in order that I can catch the early bus.
四、结果状语从句：1、定义：在句中用来作结果状语的句子叫结果状语从句。
2、常用引导词: so …that such …that ) 以致…),以致…(如此…(如此…
3、时态：结果状语从句一般都是根据实际情况选用适当的时态。也通常是主过从过，主现从现。
4、结果状语从句的句型：
结果状语从句的从句部分是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，通常位于主句之后。结果从
句中通常不用情态助动词，但must, can, could除外。结果状语从句其规律由so与such的不同词
性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可
与表示数量的形。连用，形成固定搭配容词many, few, much, little
6.
1) so + 形/ 副+ that从句
①The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
②He speaks so fast that no one can catch him.
2) so + many/few（+复名）+ that从句
There are so many picture-story books that the boy won't leave.
3) so + much/ little（+ 不可数名词）+that从句
He gave me so little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.
4) so+ 形+ a/an+ 单名+ that从句
It was so hot a day that they wanted to go swimming.
从句形+ a/an+单名+ that+5) such+ a/an+ 形单名+ that从句= so+
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.
= He is so young a boy that he can't go to school.
不可数名词+ that从句6) such+ 形+ 复名/ They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. ①②It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach.
、结果状语从句与简单句的转换：5+ enough + (for sb.) to do sth. 形/
副1) so…that (从句为肯定句) = …
He is so old that he can go to school alone.
= He is old enough to go to school alone.
+ (for sb.) to do sth. 形/副2) so…that (从句为否定句) = …too +
t work it out. The problem is so hard that I can'
= The problem is too hard for me to work out.
t easy enough for me to work out.
= The problem isn'
五、让步状语从句、定义：1的句子叫让步状语从句。退一步说……”
在句中用来表示“: 、常用引导词2although (虽然) = though（尽管，即使），no matter+疑问词=疑问词-ever（无论…），even if = even though（即使），whether... or …(不管是…还是…)等。
3、时态：让步状语从句的时态一般采用主过从过，主将从现的原则。
4、让步状语从句的注意点：
1) although/ though 不可与but连用(二者只选其一)，但可与still / yet连用。
①Although / Though he is very old, still he is quite strong.
②Although he was ill , he went to school. = He was ill but he went to school.
7.
2) no matter + 疑问词= 疑问词-ever “无论…”(引导让步状语从句可互换)
①Whatever (= No matter what) happened, he would not mind.
②Whoever (= No matter who) you are, you must keep the law.
③However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I'll take it.
注意：“no matter+ 疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名
词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）。
④I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引导宾语从句)
⑤Whoever (≠no matter who) comes will be welcome.??(whoever 引导主语从句)
六、条件状语从句
1、定义：引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。unless或if由引导词
2、常用引导词:ifunless = if…notso/as long as(只要) , ) (如果不(如果) , / 除非
3、时态：条件状语从句的时态常采用主将从现原则。
①I will come to see you if I have time.
②Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
= Let's go out for a walk if you are not too tired.
③You can't learn English well unless you work hard.
= You can't learn English well if you don't work hard.
④You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
注意: “祈使句，+ and / or + 简单句”是一个固定句型，这里祈使句相当于
一个由if引导的条件状语从句：用and引导的简单句常表示一个较好的结果，用or引导的简单句常表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果；谓语动词常用一般将来时。即：
①祈使句，and + 简单句 = If you do sth, you'll do sth.)一般将来时((这个句型表示“如果做到了祈使句表示的事情，就会有后面句子表示的结果”。) Think hard , and you'll find a way. = If you think hard, you'll find a way.
②祈使句，or +简单句= If you don't do sth, you'll do sth. )(一般将来时(这个句型表示“如果做不到祈使句表示的事情，就会有后面句子表示的结果”。) Hurry up, or you'll be late. = If you don't hurry (up), you'll be late.
8.
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
4种 句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句。(既可引导时间点又可引导时间段) I was thin when I was a child. The film had been on when w e arrived. 2. be about to do … when … be doing …when… be on o ne’s way … when … be on the point of doing …when… had done … when… “ 在那时”“这时”,表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生 The telephone was ringing when I got home. I was about to go to bed when he came back. W e w ere just on the point of calling you up when you came in. 3. When 还以引导条件状语从句相当于if How can I explain it to you when / if you won’t listen. How can you get good records when you don’t study? When you read it again, the meaning will become clearer to you. 4.When还可引导原因状语从句，“既然” It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 3种 1. 必须引导持续性动作，强调在一段时间内，主句和从句动作同时发生。 My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. Please don’t talk so loud while others are working. 2. “然而” 表示轻微转折, 两者对比。 I like watching TV while he likes reading. 3.引导让步状语从句“ 虽然，尽管” While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 1 As I left the house , I forgot the key.我离开家时，忘记了带钥匙。 As 引导时间状语从句，强调动作并行发生，不指先后。 2. As I get older, I get more optimistic. 随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观“随着” 表示时间的推移。 3. He hurried home, looking behind as he w ent. 他匆匆忙忙回家，边走边往后看。“一边…一边…” 4 As he was going out, it began to rain. 当他出去时开始下雨了强调两个动作紧接着发生。 5. As a boy (When he was a boy), he was hopeless at English.
教学过程 一、课堂导入 状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分，它附加在谓语中心语的前面，从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。在不同的语言中“状语”有不同的作用。 上节课已经学习了条件状语从句，对状语从句有两个一个基本的认识，今天我们就接着学习目的状语从句。
二、复习预习 对上一节课的时间状语从句布置的作业进行讲解，点评，让学生们通过讲评能够复习上节课的知识。之后给出几个目的状语从句的题目，让学生们自己思考讨论如何选择，并做出分析，这样可以形成学生们独立思考独立学习的习惯，老师听了学生们的回答之后可以知道同学们对目的状语从句盲点在哪里，后面的讲课中可以针对性地进行讲解。
三、知识讲解 知识点1：引导目的状语从句的从属连词 1【考查点】主要的有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 讲清楚些，以便他们能理解你。 He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习以便能考试及格。Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子关上以防下雨。 【注】so that 引导目的状语从句时有时可省略so而只用that，有时也可只用so：Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。 I’ll show you so you can see how it’s done. 我将做给你看，以便你知道应怎样干。
在复合句中，由从句表示的状语叫做状语从句。它可以用来修饰主语中的动词.形容词.副词等。根据它表达的意思，状语从句可以分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，结果状语从句和让步状语从句等。由连接词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。（注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态，从句要用一般现在时[主将从现原则]) [编辑本段] 条件状语从句的有关知识 语法引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如: If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。 另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如: If I were you, I would invite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。 那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。 1、unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。 2、on condition(that)...在……条件下,如果on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。 You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。 3、supposing conj.如果,假如supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。 Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
地点状语从句 常用连词：where 特殊连词：wherever (在……的任何地方), anywhere, everywhere 【点拨】地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。 Go back where you came from.(where引导地点状语从句)你从哪儿来回哪儿去。Go back to the village where you came from. (where引导定语从句，修饰village)回到你来的那个村子里去。 时间状语从句 常用连词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until, whenever (每当，一……就……) 特殊连词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner ... than, hardly ... when, scarcely ... when 1．由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句when，while，as都有“当……时候”的意思。 1) when引导的从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，又可以是瞬间性动词，并且when有时表示“就在那时”，相当于and at that time。 It was raining when we arrived. (指时间点)当我们到达的时候，天正在下雨。 When we were at school, we went to the library every day. (在一段时间内) 我们在学校上学的时候，每天都去图书馆。 We were about to leave when he came in.我们刚要离开，就在那时他进来了。 2) while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)，此外，while有时还可以表示对比。 I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比) He fell asleep while/when reading.看书的时候，他睡着了。 Strike while the iron is hot. (用as或when不可以，这里的while意思是“趁……”) 趁热打铁。 3) as表示“一边……一边”，as引导的句子的动词是延续性的动词，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调一先一后。 We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边……一边”) Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑。 2．由before“在……之前”和after“在……之后”引导的时间状语从句。 It will be four days before they come back．他们要过四天才能回来。 My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 你仔细考虑过以后，请告诉我你是怎样决定的。
目的状语从句的用法说明 by曹霞 目的状语从句主要的有in order that,so that,in case,for fear等。如： 1.由in order that引导 We used the computer in order that we might save time. I lent him￡50in order that he might go for a holiday. In order that you may create such a picture,you have to possess certain a rtistic weapons. 2.由so that引导 Come closer so that I can see you. I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. Speak clearly so that they may understand you. Put a mark on it so that you will remember it. Write to him at once so that he may know in time. 3.由in case引导 Be quiet in case you should wake the baby. Take warm clothes in case the weather is cold. I shall sit up for a time,in case I am wanted.。 Take your raincoat in case it rains(should rain). I wrote down her address in case I should forget it. I’ve bought a chicken in case your mother should stay for lunch.
（一）状语从句概述 定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。 位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句隔开。 分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 （二）状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词用法示例 when 意为“当…的时候”。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives, I’ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在…的时候，在…的 同时”。While引导从句的 谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.
的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语， 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后，有时译成 “就，才”。当主句用将来时，You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada
掌门1对1教育高中英语 时间、原因、条件状语从句 一．when, while 和as 引导时间状语从句的区别用法（一）when 的用法when 从句的A事件，相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。（也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，）所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。（口头练习） When I got to the airport, the guests had left. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already? (二)while 的用法 while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，（它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。）所以，while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态根据具体情况而定。（口头练习） 1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin T ao came to see him. 从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。 趁热打铁。Strike while the iron is hot.（这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁。如果换成when 意思就变了，相当于说铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁就冷了。这显然不符合文意。） (三)as 的用法 as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。可以翻译成“边……边……”。（口头练习） As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. The students took notes as they listened. as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明，常常翻译成“随着……”之意。 1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。 2. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。（少数情况下，如果强调动作正在发生，as 从句也可以用正在进行时。The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying. 伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫喊。）
结果状语从句：是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导。要掌握这两个句型，我们首先来了解一下so 和such与其后的词的搭配规律。 1、such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，such(+a/an)(+形容词)+名词+that；例如： such a good book, such nice girls 2、so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词，“so+形容词/副词+that” 例如： so nice, so slowly 一般情况下，such+a+形容词+名=so+形容词+a\an+名 例如： so nice a flower = such a nice flower 表达“如此多/少”时，常用so ，so与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little 连用，形成固定搭配。例如：so many people so…that和such…that都可译成“如此的···以至于···”，二者可以互换，（当so修饰副词的时候，二者往往不互换）例句： The boy is so young that he can't go to school. He is such a young boy that he can't go to school 常见考法 对于结果状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。 典型例题：His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it. A. so B. and C. that D. as 解析：题干的意思是“他的计划如此好以至于我们都同意接受它”，that与前面的such呼应，引导结果状语从句。答案：A 误区提醒 结果状语从句中。除了要注意so…that和such…that的区别外，还要注意它们和too...to do（太···而不能····）和enough +形容词/副词+to do（足够的···可以···）的转换。 典型例题：Ann is too young to go to school.（同义句转换） Ann is go to school. 解析：原句的意思是“安太小了而不能去上学”。那也就是说“安是如此的小，以至于她不能去上学”，根据所给出的空数，可以用so…that句型. 答案：so young that she can't 状语从句答案： 1—5 DADBA 6—10 DCAAD 11—15 BBAAD 16—20 BCBDA 21—25 BAABA 26-30 CDDDD 31—35 CBBAA 36-40 BBABC 41—42 BDCDC 46-50 CDDCD
目的状语和目的状语从句 &让步状语和让步状语从句 I．目的状语和目的状语从句 so that，in order that，in case等词引导目的状语从句，so as to，in order to，in case of (doing) sth. 引导目的状语 e.g 1. I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget. 我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 = I shall write down your telephone number so as not to forget. 2. We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself. 我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。 =We’ll tell you the truth so as to let you judge for yourself. 3. They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish thework ahead of time . 他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能/ 以便能提前完成工作。 =They worked harder than usual in order to finish the work ahead of time . 4. You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heardby all. 你必须大点声，别人就能听见了。 = You must speak louder so as to / in order to be heard by all. 5. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多穿点衣服，以防天发冷。 = Better take more clothes in case of being cold. 6. They wrote to the boss in order that they could improve theirworking conditions. 他们写信给老板以便他们能改善他们的工作条件。 = They wrote to the boss in order to improve their working conditions. 1 . 目的状语从句中常用情态动词may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在从句里的动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号. 2 . 用so as (not) to do / in order (not) to do 引导目的状语时, 句子的主语往往是有to do 这个目的的人. 即to do的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致. so as (not) to / so that引导的目的状语不放在句首 3 . 在in case 的从句中不用将来时. 用一般现在时代替将来时. 少数时候可用should do 。In case 与其它目的状语从句不同的是它侧重于将来有可能发生的不幸或不好的事, 而其它的目的状语从句侧重于积极的事 I am taking an umbrella in case it rains. I am taking an umbrella so that I will not get wet. I am taking an umbrella in order that I will not get wet. e.g.1. We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day. 虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。 2. Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French. 虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语。 =Despite his being over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French. 3. He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老了，但仍然努力地工作。 =Despite his old age, he still works very hard.
状语从句的讲解 就是用一句话作状语分为：时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，条件，让步，目的，比较 一、时间状语从句 第一次见到你 一见到你我就喜欢上了你 直到见到你 五岁时见到你 When, as, while, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as no sooner…than…scarcely…when…hardly…when…the minute the second the instant the moment by the time 截止immediately instantly directly each time every time next time the first time on doing sth when while 当…时 as 1. when 1）当…时/ 延续性动词短暂性动词都可用 2）这时/ 3）届时、到时 I was watching TV when my cellphone suddenly rang这时 When I was five years old I could speak five languages The wet weather will continue tommorow when a cold front is expected to arrive届时到时 注意：时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时 When my mother came back I had already gone to bed. 2. while 1）从句动词延续性 2）同时发生 3）对比的意味“然而” 4）趁着 He taught himself while he worked in a bank 延续性动词当他在银行上班时 While we were working they were having a rest.对比 While they were having a discussion , they got very confused.同时 I want the girls to experience that while they are young趁着她们还年轻我想让姑娘们体验一下对比：I prefer black tea, while he likes coffee 3.As 1)当…时 2）一边...一边 3)随着 As the children walked along the street, they sang happily.当孩子们 He sang as he danced一边一边 You will grow wiser as you grow older随着 4.before 1）在…前 2）前加一段时间直到…才… 3)还没来得及 4)要过…时间才 I’ll be back before you leave It may be many years before we meet again 可能要过很多年我们才能见面
时间状语从句和原因状语从句 I. 选最佳答案 1. I learnt her hard-working and kind _______ I got to know her in the bookstore. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time 2. It was not _______ he took off his dark glass I realize who he was. A. when; that B. until; when C. when; then D. until; that 3.It was 19 years _______ Mandela, the former president of South Africa, was set free from prison. A. before B. since C. until D. that 4. _______ had the bell rung _______ the students took their seats. A. Hardly; when B. No sooner; when C. Hardly; than D. No sooner; then 5. We walked along the beach for nearly three hours _______ we saw a boat on the sea. A. when B. before C. unless D. until 6. The two brothers quarreled and quarreled _______ they felt sleepy and went to bed. A. when B. before C. unless D. until 7. —What was the party like? —Wonderful. It’s years _______ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. before C. when D. since 8. It was quite a long time _______ I made it out what had happened. A. after B. before C. when D. since 9. _______, he went upstairs to sleep without supper. A. He was tired B. As he was tired C. Tired as was he D. As tired as he was 10. We sent the injured to the First-aid Centre_______ the accident happened. A. immediately B. hurriedly C. quickly D. shortly
用 so, such, such a 或 such an 填空 1. He was________excited that he couldn't get sleep. 2. This teacher is_________ kind that we all like him. is ________ much food in the refrigerator that we don’ t need to buy anything. 4.He ran____________quickly that I couldn't catch up with him. 5. This is____________interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it. is____________ interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 7.They are__________interesting books that we all enjoy reading them. 8.He has_________many books that I can't count them. 9.This is_________ a funny story that we all enjoy listening to it. 10.There was ________ much food that we couldn't eat it all. 11. I have________ little money that I cannot afford a car. 12.He is ________ a good student that we all like
顾名思义，用来说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的从句叫做目的状语从句。表示目的状语的从句可以由that（以便），so that（以便），in order that（为了；以便），Lest（免得；唯恐），for fear that（生怕；以免）等词引导；目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。 例如：You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 学习目的状语从句应注意以下两点： （1）目的状语从句中常含有can,could,may,might,should等情态动词。例如： I got up early so that I could catch the first bus. 我起得很早，目的是为了赶上头班公共汽车。 （2）在口语中so可以引导目的状语从句。例如： We'll sit nearer the front so we can hear better. 我们坐的靠前一点，因此，我们听得清楚一点。 1、in order that与in order to的区别： in order that+从句in order to+动词原形（in order to后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句，叫目的状语）例如： He got up early in order to take the first bus. = He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.（他起床很早是为了赶上第一班公共汽车） 目的状语从句的一个特点：由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，比如上面句中的could。当然还可以用will,would,can,等。 2、so that既可引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。 1）其引导结果状语从句时，so that翻译为“以至于...”，经常可以和so/such...that...转换，且从句只能放在主句之后。如：He got up late so that he was late for school. = He got up so late that he was late for school. 2）其引导目的状语从句时，从句只能放在主句之后，此时可以和in order that换用。如：He got up early so that he could take the first bus. = He got up early in order that he could take the first bus. 常见考法 对于目的状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。 典型例题：Ann listened carefully _____ she could discover what she needed. A. such that B. in order that C. because D. even though 解析：题干的意思是“为了能够发现自己需要的东西，安认真听讲”。很明显从句表示的是目的。such that本身是错误短语，because 表示原因，even though是“尽管”的意思，不符合题意。 答案：B 误区提醒 如何区别目的状语从句中的so that与结果状语从句中的so that的用法，这是我们需要注意的。目的状语从句的so that是连着的，结果状语从句是分开的，即so…that. so that是目的状语从句，是为了什么什么，有目的的含义。而so…that是结果状语从句，是“如此怎么怎么样结果是什么”。仔细体会一下吧！ 典型例题：I get up so early I can not be late A. that B . so that C.such that D.in order 解析：题干的意思是“我起床如此早以便于我可以不迟到”。从句表示目的，首先排除C，因
状语从句的翻译 状语从句内容丰富，涉及面广，可以用来表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、等意义。英语状语从句的翻译，一般比较容易处理，通常可以直接翻译。但是这里我们所要讨论的是，在汉语译文中，要如何将状语从句置于恰当的位置，并如何将其与主句之间自然连贯地连接起来，如何按汉语的习惯表达将句子类型进行相应的变化。由于两种语言表达上的不同，在状语从句的安排方面，存在着明显的差异，所以在翻译的时候也需要根据汉语习惯来灵活翻译。 一、时间状语从句 在英语中，时间状语从句的连接词常常有：when（当...的时候），whenever（每当...），as（当...时），since（自从...），until（直到...，如果不....），till（直到...），before（在...前），after（在...后），assoonas（一...就），once（一旦...），themoment（一...就），immediately（一...就），theday（在...那天），nosooner... than（一...就），hardly(scarcely)... when（一...就），theinstant（一...就），instantly（一...就），directly （一...就），theminute（一...就），thesecond（一...就），everytime（每当...），bythetime （等到....的时候）等。翻译的时候，一般翻译在主句的前面。 （一）译成相应的时间状语 Whileshespoke, thetearswererunningdown. 她说话时，泪水直流。 Ashefinishedthespeech, theaudienceburstintoapplause. 他结束讲话的时候，听众掌声雷动。 （二）译成“一（刚、每）...就”的结构 Directlyheutteredthesewordstherewasadeadsilence. 他刚说出这些话，大家就沉默下来。 （三）译成条件句 由于时间状语的引导词除了显示时间关系之外，有时候可以表示条件关系， 所以还可以翻译为条件句。 Turnofftheswitchwhenanythinggoeswrongwiththemachine. 如果机器发生故障，就把电门关上。 Abodyatrestwillnotmovetillaforceisexertedonit. 若无外力的作用，静止的物体不会移动。