BEC高级第二辑真题Test 1

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TEST 1 KEYKeyTest 1 Reading1 D2 B3 E4 A5 D6 C7 E8 CPart 29 B 10 A 11E 12C 13D 14FPart 315 B16D 17A 18D19B 20 APart 421 B 22C 23 A 24 D25 A26-30 B D D C APart 531- 35 AS WHY NOT/ HARDL Y WHO/ THAT OF36-40 FOR SO/ THUS HA VE MUCH LIKEPART 641-45 CORRECT THEY CORRECT BEING WHICH46-50 FOR CORRECT SHOULD WHEN CORRECT51-52 THEIR THATTest WRITINGSAMPLE AThis report describes the movements of the balance of trade between 1991 and 2001 , for a particular country, concerning manufacturing and agriculture.Manufacturing:Imports increased constantly during this period. The figure shows a rise of $ 4 bn within the whole period and no fluctuations are to be remarked.Exports rose from nearly $ 3 bn in 1991 to approximately $7 bn in 2001 , suffering minor fluctuations all the way through. In general, the balance of trade remained slightly positive through the period considered.Agriculture:Imports increased slightly, ending the period around $1 bn over their starting level. They suffered a temporary fall between 1992 and 1994 , followed by a steady recovery. After peaking at around $2.5 bn in 1999, imports fell slightly to their final value.Exports figure shows the same performance although at level $4bn higher than imports.Consequently, the balance of trade remained markedly positive throughout the period.Band 4All content points are included. There is a relatively natural use of language and a good range of structure, despite some inaccuracy. There is also evidence of a wide range of vocabulary and the report is well organized.Sample BIntroduction:The aim of this report is to describe the imports an exports of the Manufacturing and Agricultural sectors in the years 1991-2001 in European contry’sManufacturing ImportsIn the first year (1991) the imports were just above $2 bn, at the end of 2001, the imports were almost on the $ 6 bn.Manufacturing ExportsIn 1991 were just below the $ 3TEST 1PART11 THREE DAYS2 CLOBAL CONFERENCES PLCTOMORROW’S SOFTWAREPERMITLARGE CORPORATIONSLOGIC SOLUTIONSINTELLIGENT CHANGEIT ANAL YSTCUSTOMER DRIVENORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURESFRAMEWORK FOR ACTIONCASE STUDIESPARTF C D B E A B F C DPART3C A B C B C B AText 1Reading 1 hourPART ONEQuestions 1 – 8●Look at the statements below and at the five reports about companies on the opposite pagefrom an article giving advice to self-employed consultants about negotiating fees for their services.●Which book (A, B, C,D or E) dose each statement 1 –8 refer to ?●For each statement ! – 8, make one letter (A, B, C,D or E) on your Answer Sheet .●You will need to use some of these letters more than once .1.This company has been involved in diversifying its business act6ivities.2.Although this company is doing well, it has a number of internal difficulties to deal with3.This company has reduced the profits it makes on individual items4.One statistic is a less accurate guide to this company’s performance than another5.The conditions which have helped this company are likely to be less favourable in the future6.This company’s share price has been extremely volatile over the last twelve months7.This company is likely to be the subject of a takeover bid in the near future8.This company’s performance exemplifies a widely held beliefAChemical CompanyMasterson’s interim pre-tax profits growth of 20% was somewhat inflated as a result of the income received f rom the disposal of several of the company’s subsidiaries. The underlying 8% rise in operating profits is a more realistic gauge of the company’s true progress. However, Masterson’s impending merger with Bentley and Knight and its appointment of a new chief executive should mean that the company will be able to sustain growth for the foreseeable fut5ure. The share price has varied little during the course of the year and now stands at ￡6.75BHotel GroupDuring the past year the Bowden Hotel Group has acquired 77 new properties, thus doubling in size . last week the group reported pre-tax profits of ￡88 million in the first six months of the year, ahead of expectations and helped by a strong performance from its London-based hotels and newly expanded US business. However. There is still some way to go. Integration of the new acquisitions is still not complete and, while the share price has risen recently, major problems with integration have yet to be solved.CHigh-tech CompanyThis time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over ￡1. six months ago it was worth ￡40. today it is priced at under ￡8 . if proof were need, here is an illustration of how much of a lottery the technology market can be. But some technology companies are fighting back and Usertech is one of them . What has renewed excitement in the company is the opening of its new American offices in Dallas and its ambitious plans to expand its user base in both North and Latin America.DBuilding CompanyRenton’s share price has risen gradually over the past year from ￡2.4 to ￡3.8 . The company has been successful in choosing prime location for its buildings and has benefited from the buoyant demand for housing. Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year, investors are encouraged by the company’s decision to move into buildingsupermarkets. Work has already begun on two sites in London, and the company is expected to sign a contract within the next month for building four large supermarkets in Scotland.EPottery ManufacturerMilton Dishes has been through a shake-up over the past year. The group, which has been cutting margins and improving marketing, may post a small profit this year. The many members of the Milton family, who between them own 58 per cent of the business, have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell. Trade rival Ruskin has bought up just over 17 percent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm.PART TWOQuestions9– 14●Read the text about career-planning services.●Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps .●For each gap 9– 14, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet .●Do not use any letter more than once .●There is an example at the beginning .(0)Your Career Path Can Lead You AnywhereWe used to be advised to plan our careers. We were told to make a plan during the later stages of our education and continue with it through our working lives.(0)_____ some people still see careers in this way. However, to pursue a single option for life has always been unrealistic.Planning for a single career assumes that we set out with a full understanding of our likes and dislikes and the employment opportunities open to us. (9)____ For most people this degree of certainty about the future does not exist.Our initial choice of career path and employer is often based on inadequate knowledge and false perceptions. But with age and experience, we develop new interests and aptitudes and our priorities alter. The structure of the employment market and, indeed of employment itself, is subject to change as both new technologies and new work systems are introduced (10) _____ We must face the uncertainties of a portfolio career.It is clear from the recent past that we cannot foresee the changes which will affect our working lives. The pace of change is accelerating , as a result of which traditional career plans will be of very limited use. (11)_____ They will need updating to reflect changes in our own interests as well as in the external work environment. Flexible workers already account for about half the workforce. (12)______ We are likely to face periods as contract workers, self-employed freelances, consultants, temps or part-timers.Many employers encourage staff to write a personal development development (PDP) (13) Although some people use it only to review the skills needed for their job, a PDP could be the nucleus of wider career plan –setting out alternative long-term learning needs and a plan of self-development.A report issued by the Institute of Employment Studies advises people to enhance their employability by moving from traditional technical skills towards the attainment of a range of transferable skills. (14) Instead, special schemes should be established to encourage people to examine their effectiveness and to consider a wider range of needs.A This dual effect means that the relationship between employers and workers has evolved to such and extent that we can no longer expect a long-term relationship with one employer.B. It carries an implicit assumption that we ourselves, and the jobs we enter, will change little during our working lives.C. This growth suggests that a career plan should not be expressed only in terms of full-time employment but should make provision for the possibility of becoming one of the.D this is a summary of one’s personal learning needs and an action plan to meet them.E Consequently, they must now accommodate a number of objectives and enable us to prepare for each on a contingency basis.F However, it warns that employers often identify training needs through formal appraisals, which take too narrow a view of development.G . Such a freelance of consultant would be constantly in demand.H We were expected to work towards that one clear goal and to consider a career change as a bad thing.PART THREEQuestions 15– 20Read the following article on negotiating techniques and the question on the opposite page . For each question 15 – 20 , mark one letter (A, B, C or D ) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.The Negotiating Table:You can negotiate virtually anything. Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all outcomes of negotiation. Some people negotiate deals for a living. Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by companies to negotiate on their behalf . He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation. He is working in a competitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial. Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will recommend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other. More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view. Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes”. This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no”. However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game. Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits. Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you. Pitch your look to suit your customer. You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable. People will generally feel more comfortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them. They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of theother side. Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person issaying, even if you think what they are saying is silly. You do not need to become their best friends but being too clever will alienate them. A lot of deals are made on impressions. Do not rush what you are saying---put a few hesitations in , do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity. Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed. Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste. However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this becomes too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through . More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal. Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation. Their goals are totally selfish. They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly. If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him. If al else fails, they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail. They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing. So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.15 Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order toA put people at easeB remain detachedC be competitiveD impress rivals16 Many people say “no” to a suggestion in the beginning toA convince the other party of their point of viewB show they are not really interestedC indicate they wish to take the easy optionD protect their company’s situation17 Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you shouldA adapt your style to the people you are talking toB make the other side feel superior to youC dress in a way to make you feel comfortable.D try to make the other side like you18 According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you toA gain their friendshipB speed up the negotiationsC plan your next move.D convince them of your point of view19 Deals sometimes fail becauseA negotiations have gone on too longB the companies operate in different waysC one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly20 Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you shouldA be prepared to try every routeB try not to make people feel guiltyC be careful not to exhaust yourselfD control the decision-making process.PART FOURQuestions 21 -30●Read the article below about the methods some companies are now using for recruitment.●Choose the correct word to fill each gap from (A, B, C or D) on the opposite page.●For each question 21-30,mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.●There is an example at the beginning, (0)The Scientific Approach to RecruitmentWhen it (0) to selecting candidates through interview, more often than not the decision is made within the first five minutes of a meeting. Yet employers like to (21) themselves that they are being exceptionally thorough in their selection processes. In today’s competitive market place, the (22) of staff in many organizations is fundamental to the company’s success and, as a result , recruiters use all means at their disposal to (23) the best in the field.One method in particular that has (24) in popularity is testing , either psychometric testing, which attempts to define psychological characteristics , or abilit y￡aptitude testing (25) an organization with an extra way of establishing a candidate’s suitability for a role. It (26) companies to add value by identifying key elements of a position and then testing candidates to ascertain their ability against those identified elements.The employment of psychometric or ability testing as one (27) of the recruitment process may have some merit, but in reality there is no real (28), scientific or otherwise, of the potential future performance of any individual. The answer to this problem is experience in interview techniques and strong definition of the elements of each position to be (29) as the whole recruitment process is based on few real certainties, the instinctive decisions that many employers make, based on a CT and the first five minutes of a meeting, are probably no less valid than any22.A worth B credit C quality D distinction23.A secure B relies C attain D achieve24.A lifted B enlarged C expanded D risen25.A provides B offers C contributes D gives26.A lets B enables C agrees D admits27. A portion B member C share D component28. A extent B size C amount D measure29.A occupied B met C filled D appointed30 A business B topic C point D affairQuestions 31 -40PART FIVEQuestions31-40●Read the article below about a very expensive new perfume. .●For each question 31-40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet . There is an example at the beginning, (0)Sweet smell of excess-for just ￡47.874 a bottleThe marketing says it is the “ ultimate symbol of indulgence and truly impeccable taste”. A new scent, named V1, has (0) launched for Christmas-retailing at just ￡47.874 . The makers are proudly promoting it (31) ,the “ world’s most expensive perfume” and are confident of selling the limited edition of 173 bottles-(32) it should be exactly 173 bottles is not made clear in the publicity for the product.Although carefully priced at just under the ￡50.000 mark, this perfume is clearly (33) something for anyone who considers ￡30 too much to pay for a bottle of eau-de-toilette. Those (34) are potential customers will certainly be reassured to learn that a case covered in rubies and diamonds is included free (35) charge. Purchasers are assured of further savings, with unlimited scent refills guaranteed indefinitely- at no extra cost.The fragrance is the idea of Arfaq Hussain, a 27-year-old clothes designer who first made a name (36) himself with an air-conditioned jacket he was asked to make by the singer Michael Jackson (37) far, Mr Jackson is the only person to (38) placed an order- he wants two, according to Mr Hussain.Mr Hussain is unconcerned at having no previous experience of perfumery . “It’s so (39) more than a perfume ---- it’s a piece of jewellery, too. ““ explained Mr Hussain. He attempted to describe the ￡47.874 sensation . “ it is delicate , fragrant and quite unique. When you open the lid, it takes you totally away . It’s just (40) being surrounded by thousands of wild flowers and roses.PART SIXQuestions41 - 52●Read the text below about team-based pay●In most of the lines 41 - 52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect ofdoes not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however,are correct .●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.●If there is an extra word in the line ,write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on yourAnswer Sheet .●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00) .Team-Based Pay0 Team-based pay schemes that have been catching the eye of modern employers.00 Supporters say that they encourage group endeavour and improve 41 organizational performance. But salespeople, typically the most self-motivated42 of workers, they have traditionally been rewarded according to individual43 performance. So are team-based schemes suitable ? The key issue is44 whether team-based pay is more being in line with the organization’s objectives45 than pay which based on individual achievement. Introducing a team pay46 scheme can be complex. The biggest problem is for defining the team in the first47 place. Another is that team pay schemes won’t work if the actionsOf one48 individual make no impact on those of another. You should need a true team.49 like a football team. Where all the members are interdependent. When sales staff50 can be less receptive to team pay schemes because personal motivation can51 be an important boost to performance What they need is their encouragement52 to perceive that the wider term of the company overall : production, administration and dispatch all affect each other.Writing 1 hour 10 minutesPart oneQuestion 1●The graphs below show the performance of a European country’s manufacturing and agriculturalSectors in terms of exports and imports between 1991 and 2001.●Using the information from the graphs, write a short report describing the general movements in exports, imports and the resulting balance of trade●Write 120-140 wordsPart two:Write an answer to ONE of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 200-250 words. Question 2:●The Managing Director of your company or organization has announced that reports on performance are to be produced by all departments. Your Hear of Department has asked you to produce the report about your department for the Managing Director.●Write the report for the Managing Director, explaining:A What aspects of your department function most effectivelyB Which aspect is most in need of improvementC How this improvement could be achievedQuestion 3●You work for an employment agency. The following is part of a letter you have received from a customer:The temporary administrative assistant you sent us was totally unacceptable. I certainly will not be using your agency again when I need temporary staff.●Write a letter to the customer:A apologising for having sent the unsatisfactory temporary workerB giving reasons for what happenedC explaining why what happened was exceptionalD offering some sort of compensation to the customerQuestion 4●Your Managing Director has decided that the company’s website should be improved and has asked you to consider ways of going about this.●Write a proposal for the Managing Director:A Sunmarising the strengths and weaknesses the current websiteB suggesting new services and information to be provided through the websiteC explaining the benefits the improvements would bring.ListeningPart one:Question 1-12●You will hear a consultant giving a talk to a group of UK business people about exporting to the United Arab Emirates (UAE)●As you listen, for questions 1-12. complete the notes, using up to three words or a number. ●.After you have listened once, replay the recording.The business Master ClassArrangements for participants1 The event will take place over2 Seminar organized by3 The title of the last session will be4 To use the New City Hotel car park, delegates must obtain aDr Sangalli5 Dr Sangalli has advised many6 The name of his consultancy is7 He is the author of8 In Europe, he is the best-knownThe Business Master Class9 to become more10 to establish newTwo outcomes of session:11 design your own12 take away documents containing actualPart twoQuestions 13-22●You will here five different business people talking about trips they have recently been on.1314151617A to supervise staff trainingB to hold job interviewsC to introduce new policyD to visit possible new premisesE to observe working practicesF to meet a new managerG to sign a new contractH to deal with a complaintTask two-problem●For question 18-22, match the extracts with the problem, listed A –H●For each extract, choose the problem described●write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract1819202122A I forgot a documentB My hotel was noisyC I was late for meeting.D I didn’t understand some figures.E The service at my hotel was bad.F I had some wrong informationG I didn’t have an interpreter.H I experienced computer problems.PART THREEQuestion 23-30.●You will hear part of a conversation between a management consultant and the Human Resources manager of Jenkins, a company which manufactures children’s clothing.23 What is said about the ownership of Jenkins?A the founder has sold the company to someone else.B Jenkins has merged with another companyC There has been no change of ownership.24 What does the Human Resources manager see as the main external threat to Jenkins?A Their retailers are becoming less willing to pay their prices.B Consumers are buying more top-of-the-range children’s clothes.C More and more companies are producing children’s clothes.25 The Human Resources manager sees the company’s main strength as the fact thatA It has several long-term contractsB it makes products of high qualityC its distribution system is efficient26 The Human Resources manager believes that Jenkins’ main weakness at present is thatA the machinery is inadequate for current requirementsB the management style is out of line with modern demandsC the relation between management and workers are poor.27 According to the Human Resources manager, why do many machinists choose to leave?A They think that they can get better paid work elsewhere.B They feel that too much is expected of themC They lack confidence in the company’ future28 When working to produce a batch of clothesA each team is responsible for a particular operationB each member of the team produces a complete itemC each person carries out one part of the production process29. What change has been made to range of goods?A A smaller number of items is producedB Each item is now made in smaller quantities.C Fewer new styles are introduced each year.30 What is said about the machinists?A More of their work is falling below the required standard.B Some of them are earning less than they used to.C They have to spend longer learning to operate new machines.That is the end of the Listening test. You now have ten minutes to transfer your answersSpeaking 16 minutesPart one:In this part, the interlocutor asks question on a number of work-related and non-work related subjects to each candidate in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.Part twoThe candidate chooses one topic and speaks about it for approximately one minute. One minute’s preparation time is allowed.A Customer relations: the importance of making customers feel valuedB company growth : the importance to a company of controlling expansionC Marketing: how to ensure that agents maintain a high level of effectiveness when representing a companyPart Three:In this part of the test, candidates are given a topic to discuss and are allowed 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, before talking together for about three minutes.Afterwards, the examiner asks more questions related to the topic.For two candidatesStaff Suggestion SchemeYour company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and to encourage members of staff at all levels to contribute ideas. You have been asked to consider ways of setting up the scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●How to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute●How suggestions from members of staff could be evaluated.For three candidatesStaff suggestion scheme:You company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and to encourage members of staff at all levels to contribute ideas. You have been asked to consider ways of setting up the scheme. Discuss, and decide together:●How to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute。

BEC高级真题集2-4口语部分参考答案

真题集2 Test 1SpeakingPart 2A Customer relations: the importance of making customers feel valuedB company growth : the importance to a company of controlling expansionC Marketing: how to ensure that agents maintain a high level of effectiveness when representing a companyKey:A In my opinion, maintaining good customer relations is of vital importance to a business. If not, you may have no way to sell your products or services to customers. Then, there is no chance for you to make money. In order to establish good relations with your customers, you should make customers feel valued. There are a number of ways to make them feel valued. Firstly, you should have a friendly attitude toward them and show respect for them. From time to time, ask them for their opinions and suggestions for improvement of your products or services. Secondly, provide them with good after-sale service. When they run into some problems or difficulties, offer them with help as soon as possible. When something has gone wrong with your products they have purchased, send your technicians as soon as possible.B As we know, every company nowadays seeks for growth and development in order to survive in the highly competitive world. But we have to remember that expansion should be make in a controlled manner, because, if not, serious problems will be brought about, or even worse, a great threat will be caused to the survival of the company. For instance, a department store in our city used to be very prosperous before it sought for expansion. A few years ago, it began establishing branch stores in other cities throughout the province. Within a period of two years, scores of branches had been sep up in and outside the province. At first, business was okay and everything went well. Then, some problems began to occur due to lack of funds and skilled managerial staff. A couple of years later, the department store simply went bankrupt. This is a lesson for us to learn.C As we all know, signing an agency agreement with a firm is a customary practice in marketing. If your agent works effectively, it will help you to push the sales of your products and gain profits for you. But how can you ensure that your agent maintains a high level of effectiveness? One way, I think, is to make an attractive encouragement program, that is, to sep up clear target for the agent. If the agent reaches the set target, a decent reared will be offered. If he fails to do so, he will not get the commission. Another way is to check and supervise the process or progress of the marketing campaign launched by your agent. If something has gone wrong, you should immediately correct. If your agent runs into some difficulties, you should after a hand without any delay. In other words, let your agent know that he is trusted and he is not working alone.Part 3Staff Suggestion SchemeYour company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and to encourage members of staff at all levels to contribute ideas. You have been asked to consider ways of setting up the scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●How to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute●How suggestions from members of staff could be evaluated.Key:A: Our company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme so as to encourage staff members at all levels to contribute ideas and suggestions. Do you have any ideas as to the ways of setting up such a scheme so that all staffcan make contributions?B: I have heard of that. I think this is quite good for the future development of our company. As for ways of setting up such a scheme, the first step come to my mind is to get a group of people together to organize a committee. The major task for them is to draw up some staff members.A: That’s sounds good. But who do you think should be chosen as the member of the committee? The head of each department, or some professional people from outside?B: Some department leaders can be included, but not every one of them. We may select a couple of senior consultants of our company to be put on the committee. And ordinary staff members should also be represented in the committee, so that voices from shop floors can heard.A: Yeah. I think each department may prepare a box for collecting ideas and the box should be put at a place where all staff can have an easy access. A special column can be created on the company’s website for idea collection since internet is almost available for all staff members.B: As for the evaluation of suggestions, of course it is the committee that will have the final say. The committee is supposed to draw up specific standards for the sake of evaluating, quantitative and financial standards, for instance.A: You are right. And specific rewards should be also be announced to all members of staff so as to encourage them to offer valuable suggestions….真题集2 Test 2SpeakingPart 2A Communication skills : the importance of foreign language training for selected employeesB advertising: how to select a suitable agency to handle a company’s advertisingC finance: how to decide whether to float a company on the stock market.Key:A In my opinion, it is very important to provide selected employees with foreign language training. As we all know, globalization brings many chances of international business cooperation. Employees are likely to deal with foreign customers or clients, or travel abroad on business, so a good command of foreign languages is important. Therefore, in order to help employees to accomplish their task, foreign language training should be offered, especially to those selected ones who involve in the international market, so that they can shoulder up the responsibility soon.B Advertising: how to select a suitable agency to handle a company’s advertising In order to select a suitable agency to handle a company’s advertising, I think the following three points should be considered. First, the selected agency should have good track record and a good reputation, which may ensure profound knowledge in designing, producing and publishing advertising. Second, the size of the agency should be taken into consideration. The larger the size, the more powerful it may be. Third, face-to-face communication is necessary to know whether the agency is familiar with the features of the company and its products.C Several aspects should be considered before you decide whether to float a company on the stock market or not. First, the advantages brought by this should be taken into full view. Second, the policy concerning listing a company onto the stock market should be checked to see whether a company meets the requirements. Third, the responsibilities that a listing company has be bear should be fully understood, such as disclosure of director’s duty, all kinds of expenses, tax and so on.Part 3:Staff RelocationYou company needs to relocate several members of staff to a new branch opening in another part of the country. You have been asked to submit ideas on how to make relocation attractive to staff:Discuss, and decide together:●Which types of financial incentives the company could offer to staff●What information staff would need to know about the new location.Key:A: Our company will open a new branch in another part of the country. Therefore, some members of staff need to be sent there to do business. This is good news for us because it means our company is growing.B: Yes, it certainly is. But it is a problem to make relocation attractive for staff, since it is far from here and not many people want to work there. Away from their families and old co-workers, they may feel lonely and less-motivated.A: That’s a problem. But I think the company can offer some financial incentives to those who are to be assigned there, for example, relocation allowance.B: Good idea. Besides, the company can address the staff’s housing need by relocating or establishing temporary permanent housing arrangement for them.A: I agree. The company should provide staff with sufficient information about the new location.B: Yes, the information about the local people can culture is very useful and important. That can help them get prepared before they are sent there.A: And so is the information about the surrounding environment, including climate, local customs, people’s living habits, etc.B: I couldn’t agree with you any more. All the information you mentioned will make them adjust to the new work place.真题集2 Test 3SpeakingPart 2A personal management: the importance to a company of having well-motivated staffB strategic planning: how to decide whether to purchase or rent company premisesC Sales：How to ensure that price levels for new products are set appropriatelyKey:A First and foremost, having well-motivated staff ensures better productivity. When an employee is highly motivated, there should be nothing to prevent him from devoting himself to the job. He will be very proactive to his responsibilities. This will significantly reduce wasted time and effort, which in turn can enhance productivity and overall performance. There is another point, which is often neglected, and I would like to mention it here. A well-motivated staff will show greater loyalty and commitment to the company since a high level of motivation usually is a result of satisfaction with the job and the firm. Company loyalty in turn will greatly reduce turnover level and help retain the best brain needed by the firm. Finally, if everyone is very motivated at work, staff morale in the firm will also be boosted. Just imagine if everyone around you is so driven and enthusiastic, how can you possibly be immune to that atmosphere? We are most likely to make the most of our talents and achieve our personal best in such an environment. That’s all. Thank you.B First of all, we should make sure that we check the financial situation of our company before we decide whether to purchase or to rent company remises. As we all know we will have to spend much more money in purchasingpremises than renting them. Therefore, we should check our company’s financial situation to see whether we now have enough money to purchase premises. Any ignorance of current financial situation will break company’s cash flow or even undermine the company’s normal production. Secondly, we should ask ourselves the aim that makes us purchase or rent premises. Do we want to set up our headquarters for a long-term investigation which will definitely need us to purchase buildings or just build a branch for a short-term project which requires only some rented houses? After all these careful studies we can finally make our decision.C First, we should consider the cost of our new products before we put them into the market. The price level we should set at least includes all the cost and investment and makes us gain some margins. Second, we should carry out an investigation or market research in the target market to see what price level can be accepted by our potential customers. We will also have to study the consumers’ habits and the popularity of our new products in the target market. Only through these comprehensive investigations can we ensure the appropriate price levels of our new products.Part 3:Health and Fitness FacilitiesYou company is considering providing a fitness centre on the premises to help employees improve their health and fitness. You have been asked to make recommendations for this scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●What benefits the centre would bring for the company●How to promote the need for health and fitness to all staffKey:A: You know, our company is considering providing a fitness centre on the premises to help employees improve their health and fitness. What benefits do you think the fitness centre can bring for our company?B: The fitness centre can provide facilities for the staff to exercise. We all know that proper physical exercise is good for health. It helps burn calories and discharge acidic wastes. It also tones muscles and helps build a lean and muscular body. Through exercise, many people lose weight and improve their health. Also, through exercises, we are feeling strong and well. We feel happy and ready for anything. We may enjoy our work and life.A: Yes, I totally agree with you. Through exercises the staff can keep healthy and relax from the tension of work. In this way, they can improve the working efficiency and do more work for our company. Therefore, the company will gain more profits.B: Tha t’s true. And I also believe that the fitness centre will simulate the staff’s enthusiasm for both work and life. The staff will become more faithful to the company since they will be aware that the company has been treating them well.A: Exactly. Then how to promote the need for health and fitness to all staff?B: In my opinion, in order to promote the need for health and fitness to all staff, lectures should be given by some experts invited to make the staff conscious of the importance of the exercises to health, and the importance of health to life and work. The experts’ talk must be convincing enough to make it possible for the staff to accept the idea of exercises.A: Yes, this idea sounds effective. Moreover, I think our company had better invite some professional coaches to guide the staff in a proper way of exercising and building or shapes. After all, professional coaches know very well how to help people develop interests in exercise. And the proper ways of exercising seem to be effective to improve the health of the staff.B: Good idea!真题集2 Test 4SpeakingPart 2A Market research: the importance of finding out about customers’ habits and attitudesB Financial management: how to identify ways of reducing costs in a companyC Communication：How to achieve an effective working relationship between different departments within a companyKey:A As we all know, your customer’s habits and attitudes will exert a great influence on the production and sales of your products, or services. Customer’s habits, especially their consuming habits, will decide to what extent they can accept the price of your products, which will directly affect the pricing of your products. Customer’s attitudes towards your products or service reflect the quality of your products or services and will decide whether your products or services can remain popular in the market. So if you carry out research to find out about their habits and attitudes, you can gear the production and sales of your products towards a right direction.B The general purpose of a company is to make profits, and reducing costs, which in turn will benefit the customers. One way to reduce costs is to set up a system in which staff members could work effectively. In other words, give full play to people. Let every one in the company make best use of their talents and skills, and thus will reduce the labor cost. Another way is prevent any waste of materials in production, by updating equipment and technology, for instance. Improving management efficiency is also an approach to reduce the overheads of a company, say, by simplifying some procedures of doing business.C First, we should try our best to create a team spirit within the company and between different departments so members from different departments can know the importance of team work. They will realize that what they are doing now is not just for their own departments, but for the well-being of the whole company. In this way there will be a sound environment of mutual help and mutual trust between different departments, which can help all members to work effectively. Second, company should do something to help people from different departments to understand and communicate with each other. For example, we can hold regular gatherings in which everyone can have the chance to know each other, speak to each other and share their experiences in work so that they will work in a spirit of sharing differences while retaining common ground.Part 3:Incentive Scheme for StaffYou company is considering setting up an incentive scheme to improve staff performance. You have been asked to make recommendations for this scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●What benefits an incentive scheme for staff would bring for the company●What types of incentives could be offeredKey:A: Incentive schemes have become a very popular form of employee benefits as they work as a reward scheme for the most productive people in the company. What benefits do you think an incentive scheme for staff would bring to the company?B: By linking benefits to targets means that employees are encouraged to work hard and are rewarded when they reach the targets. As for the benefits brought by an incentive scheme to the company, the most obvious one is theimprovement of productivity and effectiveness of staff.A: I totally agree with you. Good incentive schemes will help to improve the business of a company with its staff’s enthusiasm in hard work, and attract more excellent talents to join it. Then, in your opinion, what incentive schemes should be arranged to encourage the employees?B: I think a company should offer the health and well-being insurance, allowance for transport and travel, proper and timely bonuses for additional job, etc. Also, a system of honoring and rewarding those employees who have made more contributions should be set up to stimulate the staff’s working enthusiasm.A: Yes, performance-related pay is perhaps the best way of an incentives scheme. In addition, in the case of bonus, which is also a type of employee incentive scheme, the employee may not know whether or not they will qualify for a bonus, and of what size it will be, until it is actually paid. Incentives do not necessarily have to be financial. Other popular employee incentives include extra holiday time offered to those who meet or exceed targets.B: I agree with you. Also, probably flexible time of working is another good incentive scheme, especially for women workers who have children, because the staff can arrange and balance their work and family.A: Good idea.真题集3 Test 1SpeakingPart 2A Customer relations: the importance to a company of reliable customer of opinions of productsB development: the importance to a company of developing effective career plans for staffC. Business strategy: how to maintain the confidence of company shareholders.Key:A The management of a company should regularly ask customers for their opinions of products, because customers’ opinions are really important to a company if it wants to stay ahead in competition as well as in the market. The reliable customers’ opinions are useful feedback about the products of a company. The evaluation and judgment of reliable customers will serve as valuable clues for a company to improve its products. The company can take the feedback into consideration from the reliable customers when it tries to upgrade its products or develop new ones.B A successful company should have effective career plans for its staff. It is not only beneficial to staff members, but also to the company itself. With admirable career plans, a company will become very attractive to talented personnel, so it will be easier for the company to recruit new staff of high quality and that will enhance the company’s competitive strength, and make the company strong. On the other hand, effective career plans will also help staff improve themselves. They will become more creative in research and development, more devoted in their posts, and more loyal to the company. And of course, they will surely make more contribution to the company. Therefore, a good career plan will benefit both the company and its staff.C Shareholders’ confidence is a crucial factor for every company. Since shareholders invest most of their savings in the stocks, they tend to get worried if the markets are declining and share prices are going down. In order to maintain the shareholders’ confidence, we need to explain to them certain things about stock market dynamics. In addition, a company should try their best to improve their business and increase the sales income, so that the shareholders can get more profits from their investment. Also, a company had better offer regular information about the business to let the shareholders know the company is in good conditions. In that case they will be put at ease and become more confident about the company.Part 3:Travelling to WorkYou company’s location in a busy city centre means that staff often complain about the time taken to get to work. You have been asked to make some recommendations.Discuss, and decide together:●whether it would be better for staff to use public or private transport●What the effects might be of allowing staff to work flexible hoursKey:A. Our company is located in the busy city center and a lot of staff complain that it takes them too much time on the way to work. We have to take some measure. Can you offer some suggestions to help solve this problem？B. Yes, the traffic is heavy in rush hours and the traffic jam takes us too much time. I think the government should encourage people to use more public transport means instead of driving private cares. Therefore, the traffic jam will be reduced, and the buses or cars can run faster. It is also beneficial to our environment.A. Yes, it makes sense. But public transport is not as convenient as private cars. You have to wait for the bus, and set out earlier. Also it usually very crowded on the bus. However, if you have your own care, you yourself may have control over the time, and you can enjoy the ease of traveling to and from walk.B. But taking buses is cheap and you don’t need to worry about the troubles related to your own care, while owning a car will cost more money and bring more trouble such maintenance, and parking, etc.A. So it seems that we two can hardly agree with each other. Since we have analysed the advantages and disadvantages of public transport and private transport, our staff can make their own choices. Now let’s move to the second topic: what the effects might be of allowing staff to work flexible hours?B. Flexible work alternatives may be the single most important factor in allowing us to create the lives we want for ourselves and our families. Some flexible work optioins serve to spread existing jobs further, creating a model for a saner, more humane work system.A. Yes, I agree with you. Flexible work can help the staff fit together the sometimes irregular pieces of a modem lifestyle: family demands, professional requirements, personal needs for variety. Flexible work is also practical and worthwhile for companies. Many a company has adopted this practice and benefited from doing so.B. you can say that again. Besides, adopting flexible work system can improve employees’ morale, and meet the needs of employees with children and other outside demands.真题集3 Test 2SpeakingPart 2A. Quality control: the importance to a company of monitoring the quality of its goods and servicesB. Information management: how to ensure that information is managed effectively within a companyC Financial planning: the factors involved in deciding on appropriate pricing strategiesKey:A There are numerous factors that are involved when a potential customer decides from who they will purchase goods or services. In almost all cases, a customer will also consider the reputation of the vendor. If that supplier has a record of consistent quality and service, a potential customer is more likely to place their business into its hands. Being able to provide the highest level of quality from the first phone call from a customer through the shopping process has become essential to their ultimate success. Therefore, only with goods and services of high quality can a company maintain its enduring and loyal customers and attract more new customers.B Information management within a company is of great significance to a company. To some extent, it means life and death to a company. Believe it or not, if some confidential information is released to the outside, especially to the competitor, it may be disastrous to the company. Therefore, information ought to be well managed in a company. A common way to manage information is to set up a system and ssign certain people to take charge of the work. On one hand, confidential information will be kept secret and safe, so as to have the rights and benefits of the company protected; on the other hand, other information should be circulated in time within the company so that understanding will be deepened among departments and staff members, which will be of great value to growth of the companyC Selecting a pricing strategy for your product is critical, because price is the most highly visible element of all marketing efforts. Consumers and competitors easily can access pricing information on goods sold at the retail end. Suitable pricing is important for price quality signaling. Price-quality signaling occurs when the price of certain goods indicates the perceived quality of the goods. A complete understanding of production costs, profit objectives, customers, competition, and other market information can help you determine the pricing strategy that best fits your product and company. With this information, you know the minimum price youc an charge to break even and the maximum price you can charge based on an estimate of customer demand. Together, costs and demand estimates provide you with the amount of price flexibility available in pricing your product. Competition and profit objectives will then factor in to determine the price you can charge for your product.Part 3:Team BuildingThe company you work for is about to take over another company and is keen to encourage staff form both companies to work together effectively. You have been asked to prepare a proposal for team building.Discuss, and decide together:●what kinds of work projects and leisure activities would be suitable to encourage teamwork●what benefits effective teamwork could bring to the companyKey:A: Our company is going to take over another company. In order to encourage staff from both companies to work together effectively, we should take some measures. In your opinion, what kinds of work projects and leisure activities would be suitable to encourage teamwork?B: I think active leisure activities should be considered, including energetic activities that also require one to use mental power. We can learn to dance, go hiking, camping, fishing, swimming. I think these activities can enhance staff’s cooperative spirits.A: Yes, such activities are very relaxing, especially hiking, camping and dancing, which are wonderful experience that will help us forget our stress. Besides, playing basketball or volleyball can also help a lot to promote the spirit of cooperation and friendship.B: Right. Through these activities, people from difference companies will become more familiar to each other, and know each other better, which makes it easier for them to communicate with each other in their work.A: Yes. By the way, what’s the importance of teamwork for the staff?B: Encouraging teamwork and keeping schedule are important to managing a project. First, if you work in a team, you can easily come up with creative ideas and share your ideas. You know, two heads are better than one, as the saying goes. If you get into trouble, others will help you.A: I quite agree with you. In my view teamwork is a key element for success in today’s world. It facilitates interaction between staff and helps absorb information and retain knowledge. It also acquaints staff with different approaches to business problems. In addition, the exposure to outstanding people from all walks of life does not。

剑桥商务英语证书考试（BEC）真题汇编及详解（第2辑初级）（test1）【圣才出品】

剑桥商务英语证书考试（BEC）真题汇编及详解（第2辑初级）（test1）【圣才出品】Test 1READING AND WRITING 1 hour 30 minutesREADINGPART ONEQuestions 1-5Look at questions 1-5.In each question, which sentence is correctFor each question, mark one letter (A, B. or C) on your Answer Sheet. Example: 0The plane arrives atA. quarter to seven in the morning.B. quarter past six in the evening.C. quarter to seven in the evening.The correct answer is C, so mark your Answer Sheet like this:1. Item 20 in this catalogue is withdrawn until further notice, due to supply problems.A. Item 20 is now discontinued.B. Item 20 has developed a fault.C. Item 20 is unavailable at the moment.【答案】C【解析】题⼲得知，由于供应问题，取消产品⽬录中编号为20的产品，请等待随后上货通知。

C项“编号20的产品⽬前⽆货”与题⼲内容相符。

⼲扰项为A项“编号20的产品现在停售”，题⼲中指的是⽬前⽆法提供该产品，⽽⾮不再销售，故A项排除。

因此答案选C。

2. Jane Halton, currently Finance Director at Curtis Bank, is replacing John Murphy as Chief Executive at Boulder Insurance.A. Jane Halton is moving from banking to insurance.B. Boulder Insurance hopes to appoint a new Chief Executive.C. The post of Chief Executive at Curtis Bank has become vacant.【答案】A【解析】原⽂是现任Curtis银⾏财务部长的Jane Halton将取代John Murphy担任Boulder保险董事长。

剑桥商务英语高级考试人邮版第二辑阅读真题.doc

剑桥商务英语高级考试人邮版第二辑阅读真题剑桥商务英语高级考试人邮版第二辑阅读真题(1)TEST 3 READING PART 4Should you open a second branch?Choosing to expand your business by opening a second location can be one of the best decisions youll ever (0), or one of the worst. Before you (21) __________ a t a decision, there are several things you should check to see if you are ready to take this big step towards expansion.Firstly 一your cash flow. Like starting up any business, a second location (22) ______ a large initial investment and usually takes a long time to turn a profit.Look at your firm's accounts carefully. If these (23) ______ that you cannot afford a long-term drain on your financial resources, then it is probably better to wait.Secondly - your personnel and systems. If you don't have a management team (24) ___ place already, you should probably think about establishing one before opening a second branch. The same (25)in the case of operating systems and controls. The better organized your business now, the better organized your second location will be, too.Also, you need to think about your market. Is your current site doing as much business as it can (26), or are there ways you could grow without opening a second branch? Try expanding internally first. Similarly, don't (27)that just because your business is successful in one town, it will immediately succeed in a(28) __ community. Research your potential markets before setting up shop, and(29) __ your new branch to answer the specific needs of these markets.Finally, be realistic about the time you need to invest to make a second location work. You don't want to take (30) _____ so much work that you can't honour your commitments.21 A arrive B come C reach D approach22 A contains B includes C involves D consists23 A signify B present C indicate D exhibit24 A at B in C by D to25 A applies B refers C concerns D relates26 A deal B hold C handle D cope27 A assume B trust C rely D count28 A connecting B neighbouring C surrounding D matching29 A invent B amend C design D innovate30 A through B up C down D on关于拓展连锁店业务的，expanding a retail business。

BEC高级真题集12套口语部分整合

A Customer relations: the importance of making customers feel valuedB company growth : the importance to a company of controlling expansionC Marketing: how to ensure that agents maintain a high level of effectiveness when representing a companyStaff Suggestion SchemeYour company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and to encourage members of staff at all levels to contribute ideas. You have been asked to consider ways of setting up the scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●How to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute●How suggestions from members of staff could be evaluated.真题集2 Test 2A Communication skills : the importance of foreign language training for selected employeesB advertising: how to select a suitable agency to handle a company’s advertisingC finance: how to decide whether to float a company on the stock market.Staff RelocationYou company needs to relocate several members of staff to a new branch opening in another part of the country. You have been asked to submit ideas on how to make relocation attractive to staff:Discuss, and decide together:●Which types of financial incentives the company could offer to staff●What information staff would need to know about the new location.真题集2 Test 3A personal management: the importance to a company of having well-motivated staffB strategic planning: how to decide whether to purchase or rent company premisesC Sales：How to ensure that price levels for new products are set appropriatelyHealth and Fitness FacilitiesYou company is considering providing a fitness centre on the premises to help employees improve their health and fitness. You have been asked to make recommendations for this scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●What benefits the centre would bring for the company●How to promote the need for health and fitness to all staff真题集2 Test 4A Market research: the importance of finding out about customers’ habits and attitudesB Financial management: how to identify ways of reducing costs in a companyC Communication：How to achieve an effective working relationship between different departments within a companyIncentive Scheme for StaffYou company is considering setting up an incentive scheme to improve staff performance. You have been asked to make recommendations for this scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●What benefits an incentive scheme for staff would bring for the company●What types of incentives could be offeredA Customer relations: the importance to a company of reliable customer of opinions of productsB development: the importance to a company of developing effective career plans for staffC. Business strategy: how to maintain the confidence of company shareholders.Travelling to WorkYou company’s location in a busy city centre means that staff often complain about the time taken to get to work. You have been asked to make some recommendations.Discuss, and decide together:●whether it would be better for staff to use public or private transport●What the effects might be of allowing staff to work flexible hours真题集3 Test 2A. Quality control: the importance to a company of monitoring the quality of its goods and servicesB. Information management: how to ensure that information is managed effectively within a companyC Financial planning: the factors involved in deciding on appropriate pricing strategiesTeam BuildingThe company you work for is about to take over another company and is keen to encourage staff form both companies to work together effectively. You have been asked to prepare a proposal for team building. Discuss, and decide together:●what kinds of work projects and leisure activities would be suitable to encourage teamwork●what benefits effective teamwork could bring to the company真题集3 Test 3A. Staff relations: the importance of a company providing a range of facilities for all staff.B. Technology: the importance to a company if regularly upgrading its technological equipmentC. Strategic planning: the factors involved in managing change effectively within an organizationEducational SponsorshipThe company you work for is considering funding a regional educational project for 16 to 18-year-old students interested in following a business course. You have been asked to make some recommendations for this scheme. Discuss, and decide together:●how the project could be used to promote the name of the company●how to monitor the progress and outcomes of the project真题集3 Test 4A. Customer service: the importance of providing an effective after-sales service for customersB. Purchasing: the importance of maintaining personal contact with potential suppliers.C. Recruitment: how to ensure that the advertising of job vacancies is effectiveReducing Staff TurnoverYou work for the branch of your company that has been identified as having the lowest turnover of staff. You have been asked to suggest ways in which staff turnover could be reduced in other branches.Discuss, and decide together:●what reason for the high staff turnover in a company might be●what effect high staff turnover might have on future methods of selecting staffA. Marketing: the importance of advertising slogans in promoting a brand or productB. Information management: the importance of keeping staff informed about company policies and plansC. Purchasing: how to achieve and maintain good relations with all suppliersProject AbroadYour company is proposing to a team of staff abroad for six months to set up an office and train local employees. You have been asked to make some recommendations for the project.Discuss, and decide together:●how to select appropriate staff to manage the project●what preparation and advice the staff would need before leaving.真题集4 Test 2A. Time management：the importance of planning work time effectively.B. Project development: how to ensure inter-departmental co-operation on new projectsC. Purchasing: how to evaluate and select new project.Customer BaseThe Finance Director of your company is concerned that the majority of its income comes from the main clients. You have been asked to make some recommendations on ways to expand your company’s customer base. Discuss, and decide together:●what the potential dangers are of having only one main client●how the company could try to gain additional clients.真题集4 Test 3A. Product promotion: how to make effective use of the media when promoting a new product or serviceB. Information management: the importance of an effective internal communication system in a company.C. Technology: the factors involved in assessing the cost-effectiveness of new technologyInternational Business ConferenceThe pharmaceutical company you work for is keen to participate in an international conference abroad. You have been asked to make some recommendations about the company’s participation.Discuss, and decide together:●how to select members of staff to represent the company at the conference●what practical arrangements would need to be made by the company before the conference.真题集4 Test 4A. Personal skills: how to motivate employees to achieve their full potentialB. Project management: the importance of teamwork for the effective management of projectsC. Health and safety: how to develop a responsible attitude among staff to Health and Safety requirements in a company.Attending Trade FairsYour company has been invited to take part in a trade fair, which will take place during the busies time of the year. You have been asked to decide whether staff should be sent to this trade fair.Discuss, and decide together:●what the advantages and disadvantages are of attending trade fairs●which members of staff would most usefully represent a company at a trade fair.。

剑桥商务英语BEC高级阅读真题(一)1

剑桥商务英语BEC高级阅读真题(一)1PART ONEQuestions 1 - 8· Look at the sentences below and at five passages taken from a book about famous management thinkers on the opposite page.· Which passage does each sentence refer to?· For each sentence 1 - 8, mark one letter A1 B, C, D or E on your Answer Sheet.· You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example:He has developed his own company to promote his work.0 A B C D E1 Others in his field think very highly of him.2 His ideas have spread beyond the business world.3 He felt that people should be able to enjoy their work.4 His ideas are more complex than they seem.5 He did a variety of interesting things before writing his books.6 His most successful book was written with a colleague.7 He is particularly skilled at forecasting important developments.8 Contact with the military was an early influence on his thinking.A John AdairAdair is the pioneering British thinker in the theory of leadership. He was the first person in the UK to hold a professorship in Business Leadership and has published a series of influential books on the subject.Despite his quiet appearance, Adair has had a colourful life, serving in a Bedouinregiment and working on an Arctic fishing boat! His initial interest in leadership came from his army experience and he used to lecture at the highly prestigious academy where British army offices are trained. He now works as an international consultant.B Edward de BonoDe Bono is unusual among major gurus for two reasons: firstly, he was born not in one of the GREat industrial nations but on the tiny island of Malta. Secondly, his ideas have reached a wider audience than just managers, so that his books have BECome essential rending in many different disciplines.Most of de Bono s work has been concerned with the way human beings can train themselves to think more creatively. This apparently simple idea has resulted in 37 books and a highly successful career as a lecturer and consultant.C Peter DruckerProbably no other single thinker has done as much as Drucker to establish management as a serious area of study. Certainly, his fellow management thinkers consider him one of the founding fathers of the discipline, and his books and articles are quoted more than those of any other management writer.His first book was published as far back as 1939, yet he is still writing and teaching. His greatest distinction has been his ability to predict coming trends in business and economics. As a result, his ideas are treated with the greatest respect and interest。

BEC中级真题(第二辑)答案和听力原文

BEC中级真题（第二辑）答案及听力原文Test 1ReadingPart 11 C2 A3 B4 D5 A 6.B 7 CPart 28 D 9 C 10 E 11B 12 FPart 313 D 14 A 15 C 16 B 17.B 18.CPart 419B 20 A 21 D 22 A 23 C 24 C 25 D 26 A 27 B 28 C29 D 30 B 31 C 32 B 33 BPart534 ITSELF 35 IN 36 CORRECT 37.WHILE 38 SEEN 39 FROM40 CORRECT 41 THOSE 42 FOR 43 WITH 44 THAT45 CORRECTWritingPart 1To: P. JonesFrom: Luisa GambonDate: 21 November 2002Subject: LatenessMr Jones,I have noticed that you often arrive late for work, especially on Monday mornings. As your colleagues are starting to complain about that, you understand that unless this habit changes, I will take disciplinary action against you. Come and see me tomorrow at 9 a.m. in my office. Thank youPart 2Report on customer complaintsINTRODUCTIONThis report has the purpose of presenting the reasons for customer complaints in 2002.FIELDINGSThe customer complaints received in 2002 were 300 in January. Then they increased to 540 in February because of the computer system's breakdown.In March they fell to 230 because an improved order system was introduced.The reasons for complaints from January to March were analysed:●firstly the companv received complaints for incorrect orders delivered. Theseerrors were fewer in March.●secondly the time taken to deliver is too high. but the company has planned torecruit new agents.●Finally customers complain for the poor product quality. In order to solve thisproblem more quality controls are making.CONCLUSIONSAt the moment all customers aren't satisfied but many measures have been taken to improve their satisfaction.ListeningPart 11. JAYE2. CUSTOMER SERVICES3. OFFICE ASSISTANT4. 457.605. EUROPE HOLIDAYS6. BUSINESS CARDS7. MARKETING EXECUTIVES8 (THE) (COMPANY) EOGO9 INFORMATION PACK10. PARK HOTEL11. FRONT GATE12. NEW DESIGNSPart 213 E 14 B 15 G 16 F 17 A 18 C 19 G 20 H21 E 22. BPart323 B 24 B 25 C 26 A 27 C28 B 29 A 30 CTapescriptListening Test 1This is the Business English Certificate Vantage 2, Listening Test 1.Part One. Questions 1 to 12.You will hear three telephone conversations or tnessages.Write one or two u'ords or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below.After you have listened once, replay each recording.Conversation One.Questions 1 to 4.Look at the form below.You will hear a man asking a colleague for information about a former employee.You have 15 second's to read through the form.[pause]Now listen, and fill in the spaces.Woman: Personnel . . .Man: Hello, it's Tim here, from Finance.Woman: Hi, Tim.Man: I've had a letter from the tax office about a student who worked here last summer – I wonder if you could look him up in your records. Woman: Sure, what's the name?Man: The surname's Jaye. First name Stephen.Woman: How does he spell his surname?Man: J-A-Y-E. Got that?Woman: Oh yes, here we are . . . lives at a hundred and eighty-three School Road,Barnfield . . .Man: Yes, that's the one.Woman: And you say he was working in Finance?Man: Uhm, Customer Services, actually.Woman: Aah - they had lots of students working for them last summer.Man: Well, the tax people want to know his exact job title - I'm not sure why. Woman: Mm, let me see . . . He was an office assistant.Man: Right, got that. They also want to know about his monthly earnings. Woman: Let's have a look . . . five hundred and thirty-eight pounds seventy a month . . . Oh, sorry, he was a scale one, so that's four hundred and fifty-seven pounds sixty. Anything else?Man: That's fine, thanks. I'll send them the information today . . . [pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]Conversation Two.Questions 5 to 8.Look at the note below.You will hear a man describing a problem with an order.You have 15 seconds to read through the note.[pause]Now listen, and fill in the spaces.Woman: Hello, Blackwell Printers. Julie Davidson speaking. How may I help you? Man: Hello. This is Mark Jones from Europe Holidays. I was hoping to speak to Steven Kirby about the stationery you're printing for us.Woman: I'm afraid Steven's away until Friday.Man: Oh - you see I'm not very happy with the business cards and I wanted to see if I could make a couple of changes to the paper too.Woman: Would you like me to pass on a message?Man: Yes, please. The thing is, I've just received your proofs - the cards themselves are fine, but you seem to have misunderstood the quantities. I'm sure I asked for five hundred for each of the marketing executives and seven hundred and fifty for me but you've put everyone down for seven hundred and fifty. Woman: Right, I've made a note of that. Is there anything else?Man: Yes, well this is my mistake really. Could you ask Steven to move the company logo further to the left? It's too close to the address at the moment. I think that's all for now. Thanks.[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]Conversation Three. Questions 9 -12Look at the notes below.You will hear a woman making the arrangements for a delegation who are going to visit her company.You have 15 seconds to read through the notes.[pause]Now listen, and fill in the spaces.Woman: Geoff?Man: Yes?Woman: I just want to finalise the preparations for the delegation next week. Man: Certainly. It's Thursday, isn't it?Woman: Yes. Now, can you make sure that each of them gets a name badge and an information pack. The badges are done, but you'll need to prepare the packs with all the relevant information.Man: Ok, that shouldn't take too long. What about catering?Woman: Coffee's organised for eleven and three, but lunch - it's at one - we need to reserve it for twelve people . . . The office restaurant is closed next week . . .can you ring the Park Hotel? The Grand Hotel was a bit disappointing last time. Man: I'll get onto that.Woman: Now, they'll be coming straight from the station, and their taxi will bring them to the front gate, so make sure you're there to greet them. That'll be about ten.Man: Ten. And then . . .Woman: Into Reception, I think. Make sure the new designs are on display, I want them to see those first.Man: OK.Woman: Let me know when it's all finalised. Bye.[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]That is the end of Part One. You now have 20 seconds to check your answers. [pause]Part Two. Questions 13 to 22.Section One. Questions 13 to 17.You will hear five short recordings[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]That is the end of Part One. You now seconds to check your answers.[pause]Part Two. Questions 13 to 22. Section One.Questions 13 to 17.You will hear five short recordings.For each recording, decide which type of document the speaker is talking about.Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording.Do not use any letter more than once.After you have listened once, replay the recordings.You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H.[pause]Now listen, and decide which type of document each speaker is talking about. [pause] ThirteenWoman: Well no wonder the bank's returned it unpaid. Look, the figures don't match the amount in words. I expect someone was filling it in in too much of a hurry. Let's see, we'd better issue another one straight away to pay Mrs Burton, because it'll be another three weeks if we wait for the next cycle of payments. Her expenses on that sales trip were pretty high, and it wouldn't be fair to keep her waiting much longer.[pause] fourteenMan: Some of the suppliers are already asking about the increases. I'll check, but I seem to remember from last week's meeting that in the end we agreed on three per cent. So what I'll do is go down each column and calculate the new amounts, and then it can be printed in time to be inserted into the new brochures. Can you check the figures for me, though, before it goes to the printers? [pause] fifteenWoman: We've just received the paperwork from you about cleaning our premises, and I have to say that it doesn't reflect what we agreed in our conversation last week. For one thing, it says that we have to supply our security code, and for another it specifies monthly payment in advance, and I told you both of those were out of the question. I'm afraid I really can't sign this. Could you send me a revised one?[pause] SixteenMan: Of course, this only gives a very general picture. But as you can see, cash is a particularly healthy area. That's even when we take into account regular outgoings on loans and leasing equipment, which are included in the final totals. And even more significantly, unpaid orders are actually excluded from the final calculation. These represent a sum of approximately thirty thousand pounds. With that in mind, we can say that the company's overall position is still strong. [pause] SeventeenWoman: I've just asked the Arden Conference Centre about availability for our next training seminar, and they said they still haven't been paid for the one before last, which should have been dealt with six months ago. I've had to ask them to send a duplicate! We really must be careful. Arden give us very favourable prices,but we haven't got a contract with them - Can you deal with it straight away so we stay in their good books?[pause].Vow listen to the recordings again.[pause]Section Two. Questions 18 to 22.You will hear another five recordings.For each recording, decide what the speaker's purpose is.Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording.Do not use any letter more than once.After you have listened once, replay the recordings.You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H.[pause]Now listen, and decide what each speaker's purpose is.[pause] EighteenMan: Hello. This is Guy Cooper from Centron Electronics here. I believe you rang for some advice about your alarm system, which isn't functioning properly. The message I got said you weren't sure if you needed someone to come and sort it out, or if we could advise you over the phone. Well perhaps you'd like to get back to me as soon as it's convenient and tell me exactly what the problem is, and I'll see what I can do.[pause] NineteenWoman: Well, as you say, Redlon has been supplying us for years but, quite honestly, two-thirds of the complaints we receive about our products are actually due to faults in components we've had from Redlon. So I talked to the Production Manager and he agreed that I should look at some alternatives.Future World's range is fine for us, and one of their customers who I spoke to recommended them highly, so that's why we've changed to using them. [pause] TwentyWoman: The competition's getting tougher, and you know we're facing serious problems.We need to see more benefit from the undeniably hard work we're putting in, and this means saying no to jobs which aren't profitable. It would be much more beneficial to put all our efforts into winning higher-margin contracts. So the way I feel you can help most is by identifying the types of contacts which will bring in the income we need in order to ensure our future.[pause] Twenty-oneMan: John Woods here, phoning about the project we discussed earlier. Could you give me a ring so that we can talk about it a bit more? I've done a few calculations and I'm beginning to wonder whether it's really a practical proposition. 1 still think the project's got potential, but there are significant additional costs which we hadn't taken into account. So could you get back to me as soon as you can, please?[pause] Twenty-twoWoman: Hello, Sally here, from Pagwell Paints, returning your call. I'm very sorry you aren't happy with the latest consignment you've had from us. It's rather strange, because following your complaint about the last delivery,we did in fact take action to change the specifications in the way you suggested. So it isn't quite fair to say that we ignored your advice. I know it's important to achieve the consistency that you require, but perhaps your recommendation wasn't exactly what's needed.[pause]Now listen to the recordings again.[pause]This is the end of Part Two.[pause]Part Three. Questions 23 to 30.You will hear the chairman of a business institute making a speech about new business awards that his institute has sponsored.For each question 23-30. mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer. After you have listened once, replay the recording.You have 45 seconds to read through the questions.[pause]Now listen, and mark A, 6 or C.[pause]Man: Who are the managers of the best innovation developments in British industry? That was the question which the first Business Today Innovation Awards set out to answer.This project is all about rewarding good practice and performance. So, rather than simply recognising excellence in the design of specific products, or analysing their financial impact on profits, the awards set out to take an objective look at exactly how companies manage the development process itself.Over three hundred and fifty organisations entered the competition and were initially reduced to about forty. Then, after further careful checking, a short list of just fourteen of them was arrived at. These finalists, all manufacturers, were then visited by the competition judges, a panel of four chief executives from leading companies. The panel toured the finalists' facilities, received presentations on the companies and their projects, and interviewed the key development team members. The products varied enormously in their scale, function and degree of technology - from bread for a supermarket chain to a printer inside an automatic cash dispenserInitially the organisers were concerned that this range could create difficulties in the assessment process. But this fear proved baseless, as most elements in the innovation process are shared by all manufacturers.Interestingly, the finalists broke down into two distinct and equal groups: large firms with one thousand employees or more and small firms with two hundred and fifty employees or fewer. With both groups the judges decided to concentrate on two of the clearest indicators of a successful innovation process, which are: how well the new product is combined with the company's existing business, and secondly, how-well the innovation methods are recorded and understood. Small firms naturally tend todo well in the first category since they have fewer layers of management and thus much shorter communication lines. But they seem to put less emphasis on creating formal development methods which would be repeatable in future innovations. Large firms, on the other hand, have difficulty integrating the new development within their existing business for reasons of scale. But they tend to succeed in achieving well-documented and repeatable development methods. This is because larger companies, with their clear emphasis on training, fixed management structure and administrative systems, require more formal, daily record-keeping from their staff.So what were the key questions the judges had in mind when assessing the finalists? One of the most important areas concerned how thoroughly a company checks what is happening in other fields in order to incorporate new ideas into the development process. Many of the finalists impressed in the area. Xatura, for example, had demonstrated genuine energy in searching for new ways of producing their range of specialitv breads. They had looked at styles of home cooking in different countries, as well as the possibility of exploiting new production technologies in order to achieve equally good results but on a high-volume production line.What then occupied much of the judges' thoughts was the quality of the links which the development team established with senior management, suppliers, the market and manufacturing. The best examples of the first category were found in small firms, where the individual entrepreneur at the top was clearly driving the innovation forwardLinks with suppliers were also seen as an important factor, but not all supplier experiences were positive. Occasionally serious problems had to be solved where suppliers were working hard to meet specifications, but the companies that the suppliers were using to adapt their machinery were not so efficient. This, led to disappointing faults or fluctuations in quality.But in conclusion the awards demonstrate that innovation isn't just for high-tech internet companies. You can also be successful in mature markets with determination and skill.[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]That is the end of Part Three. You now have ten minutes to transfer your answers to your Answer Sheet.Note: Teacher, stop the recording here and time ten minutes. Remind students when there is one minute remaining.[pause]That is the end of the test.Test 2ReadingPart 1I. B 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 D 6 B 7 CPart 28 C 9 B 10 E 11 A 12 DPart 313 D 14 C 15 A 16 A 17 C 18.BPart 419.D 20 D 21 A 22 C 23 A 24 C 25 B 26 A27 A 28 D 29 C 30 A 31 C 32 D 33 BPart 534 THAT 35 CORRECT 36 ONLY 37 SO 38 CORRECT 39 THE 40 HOW 41 CORRECT 42 OUT 43 CORRECT 44 WILL 45 BETest 2 WritingPart 1To: All StaffFrom: Managing DirectorDate: 7 DecemberSubject: Staff rewardI would like to thank you for the contribution in increasing the company's profit. The profit increased due to very hard work and long working hours. Each of the staff will receive an envelope with a reward on Tuesday. The reward is a trip to Hawaii, and I hope that this will be the perfect reward. Enjoy!Thank youPart 2Introduction.The purpose of this report is to assess and recomend a taxi firm that will become our regular transporter. We will need them especially during next year trade fair and conferences. There are two firms to assess.Findings:As regards to Telecars we have a good references on them. It is very experienced traditional firm and is also very reliable. They provide 24-hours service that is useful during night meetings and negotiations. StreetlightCabs is brand new company and there are no references on them. But they provide long distance routes which we usevery often and they are also cheaper. On the other hand they don't have web page and so internet booking isn't available.Conclusion:I recommend to choose Telecars because of their reliability, long tradition and well trained staff.ListeningPart 11TAKING MINUTES213(TH) OCTOBER3CERTIFICATE4CUSTOMER SERVICE5WORLDNET/WORLD NET6OUTSIDE LINES7TRANSFER CALLS8(THE) EQUIPMENT9.TRADE FAIR10AFTER LUNCH11REVISED BUDGETS12HEAD OFFICEPart 213 H 14 E 15 F 16 A 17 D 18 G19 E 20 C 21 B 22 HPart323 C 24 A 25 A 26 C 27 A 28 C 29 B 30 BTapescriptListening Test 2This is the Business English Certificate Vantage 2, Listening Test 2.Part One. Questions 1 to 12.You will hear three telephone conversations or messages.Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below.After you have listened once, replay each recording.Conversation One. Questions 1 to 4.Look at the form below.You will hear a woman calling about training courses.You have 15 seconds to read through the form. [pause]Now listen, and fill in the spaces.Man: Good morning, Oakleaf Business Training. How can I help you?Woman: Hello, my name's Enid Stevens, of Appleyard Smith. I've booked two one-day courses, but now I need to change one of them.Man: Let me get your details up on the screen. Right, you've booked Report Writingnext month . . .Woman: Yes, that one's OK. It's Taking Minutes that I can't manage, on the eighth of July. Do you know when it's running again?Man: Let me see. Not until the eighteenth of September, I'm afraid.Woman: That sounds fine. Oh, I think I'll be abroad then.Man: Then there's the first and the thirteenth of October.Woman: I'd like the later date, please.Man: Fine, I'll change your booking.Woman: Another thing; it says in your brochure, everyone attending a course getsa certificate, but I haven't received one from a course I took last January. Man: I'm sorry about that. Which course was it?Woman: Something to do with dealing with the public . . . ?Man: That must have been Customer Service.Woman: Sounds familiar.Man: OK, I'll put it in the post today.Woman: Thank you very much. Goodbye.Man: Goodbye.[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]Conversation Two. Questions 5 to 8.Look at the note below.You will hear a woman ringing about problems with a new telephone system.You have 15 seconds to read through the note.[pause]Now listen, and fill in the spaces.Man: Hello, Swinburn Telecoms.Woman: I'd like to speak to Tony Wilson, please.Man: I'm afraid Tony isn't available. Can I take a message?Woman: Yes please. I'm Sheila Dallas, from Worldnet.Man: Right.Woman: I'm ringing about the telephone system your firm installed here yesterday.We're not happy with it.Man: Oh dear. What seems to be the problem?Woman: First of all, your engineer said that with the number of extensions we've got, six outside lines would be enough, but we asked for eight, and anyway you've charged us for the larger system.Man: Right, we'll look into that.Woman: Then, whenever we try to transfer calls from one extension to another we lose them. We're following the instructions, but it just doesn't work.Man: I see.Woman: And finally, could you ask Tony to check the invoice, please? He promised us a discount on installation, which is shown, and one on the equipment, but that isn't there.Man: Right. I'm sorry about all that. I'll get Tony to contact you as soon as he's free.Woman: Thank you. Goodbye. Man: Goodbye.[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]Conversation Three. Questions 9 to 12.Look at the note below.You will hear a woman calling about the arrangements for a meeting.You have 15 seconds to read through the note.[pause]Now listen, and fill in the spaces.Man: Good morning. Marketing Department. Peter Menzies speaking.Woman: Hello. Could I speak to John Fitzgerald, please?Man: I'm afraid he's not in the office at the moment.Woman: Well, this is Elizabeth Parnell calling. I wanted to talk to John about the meeting next week. You see, I only get back on Tuesday night from a trade fair in the States.Man: So, would you like me to give him a message?Woman: Yes, could you ask him if we can postpone Wednesday's meeting? Till after lunch. That would be easier. It was originally going to be at ten a.m. Man: OK. I'll ask him to change it. I'll get back to you with a time.Woman: Thanks. And could you also ask him to add another item for discussion at the meeting? I thought we were going to talk about the revised budgets - but I can't see this on the agenda.Man: OK. I'd better ask him to call you . . .Woman: Yes, please. I'm at Head Office at the moment. Can he phone me here today - I won't be back at my own desk until tomorrow afternoon.Man: Right, I'll give him the message.Woman: Thanks.Man: Bye.Woman: Goodbye.[pause]Now listen to the recording again.[pause]That is the end of Part One. You now have 20 seconds to check your answers. [pause]Part Two. Questions 13 to 22.Section One. Questions 13 to 17.You will hear five short recordings. Five people are talking about different business books they have read.for each recording, decide which book the speaker is talking about.Write one letter (A-Hi next to the number of the recording.Do not use any letter more than once.After you have listened once, replay the recordings.You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H.[pause]Note listen, and decide winch book each speaker is talking about.[pause] ThirteenWoman: Yes, it was interesting . . . some of it was rather obvious, of course, like dressing smartly, making sure you arrive on time, that sort of thing . . . but there was also quite a lot I'd never really considered . . . like ways to interpret what the advertisement is really asking for, reading between the lines . . . and a section which lists some of the harder questions they tend to ask you, with effective answers you can give[pause] FourteenMan: Invaluable, I'd say . . . certainly helps prevent you making some of the more embarrassing mistakes. It gives you a kind of timescale to follow through. For example, they stress that you need to get publicity up and running a good six months before you want to stage the event. And get your main speakers booked earlier than that. They say you must make sure you've got a good assistant to support you, check the details.[pause] FifteenWoman: Actually, although it was a bit long, it was definitely useful. The trouble often is, when the management take on new staff, they don't necessarily really know what skills or qualities are needed. I want someone who's more than justa secretary typing out letters every day . . . I'm looking for a right hand,someone to do everything . . . and this book spells out what that means . . .it's helped me to draw up a job description.[pause] SixteenMan: Well, I wish I'd read it years ago! That would have saved me from some of my worst inefficiencies. I'd recommend it to anyone. It shows you how to producea perfect schedule for getting through your workload . . . Once you've gotyourself organised, made lists of tasks and priorities, you can make best use of each and every day . . . otherwise you're just constantly confusing your PA with endless requests, all terribly urgent . . .[pause] SeventeenWoman: Certainly, a lot of the book was very specialised . . . but it did give me an idea of how7 the agencies do the job. Of course, they're the people with the creative ideas, the expertise, so I'm happy to trust the image development work to them . . . but I read the book so I could talk to them on equal terms about what we're trying to do, and how it fits in with our overall business strategy.[pause]Now listen to the recordings again.[pause]Section Two. Questions 18 to 22.You will hear another five recordings, five people are talking about why they decided to use a particular company to supply their officeequipment.for each recording, decide what reason each person gives.Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording.Do not use any letter more than once.After you have listened once, replay the recordings.You have 15 seconds to read the list A-H.[pause].Vow listen, arid decide what reason each person gives.[pause] EighteenMan: We were having problems with the company we normally use so we looked at a number of other companies and decided to give this one a try. They're just new in the business and we were impressed as they promised they would deliver the goods we wanted within two days and they did. We had to pay more than we would have liked but the results were worth it. Since then, I've told a lot of other people about them.[pause] NineteenWoman: Apparently they're an established company in Scotland with an excellent reputation, but I didn't know that at the time. I found them through the internet.I was just browsing through the list of suppliers one day and I noticed their name. I looked them up and found that they had this fantastic discount available that particular month. We ordered various things and the quality was so good we've continued using them.[pause] TwentyMan: We like to try out different suppliers to make sure we're always getting the best deal. This particular company was running a big publicity campaign. I'd seen the ads on TV and they really put me off. I just couldn't see theappeal. But then someone I met at a training day told me we should use them.His company had used their service for years with no complaints so we followed his advice.[pause] Twenty-oneWoman: We'd looked round the market to find the cheapest deal possible but to be honest there wasn't much to choose, in terms of cost, between any of the local suppliers. However, we had a visit from a sales representative from one company and we asked him to make up some complimentary printed letterheads for us. They were exactly what we wanted so that was the deciding factor. I think that personal touch gives a company far better results than advertising ever can. [pause] Twenty-twoMan: Obviously there are many different factors to consider when you choose a new supplier. We always used a local company because they were relatively near and we could even pick things up ourselves if necessary. But unfortunately they just became too expensive. Now that express delivery services are widely available, distance is no longer a consideration and we've been able to choose someone who can give us the best package for the lowest cost.[pause]Now listen to the recordings again.[pause]That is the end of Part Two.[pause]Part Three. Questions 23 to 30.。

(完整word版)《BEC高级真题集》TEXT1

Text 1Reading 1 hourPART ONEQuestions 1 – 8●Look at the statements below and at the five reports about companies on the opposite pagefrom an article giving advice to self-employed consultants about negotiating fees for their services.●Which book (A, B, C,D or E) dose each statement 1 –8 refer to ?●For each statement ! – 8, make one letter (A, B, C,D or E) on your Answer Sheet .●You will need to use some of these letters more than once .1.This company has been involved in diversifying its business act6ivities.2.Although this company is doing well, it has a number of internal difficulties to deal with3.This company has reduced the profits it makes on individual items4.One statistic is a less accurate guide to this company’s performance than another5.The conditions which have helped this company are likely to be less favourable in the future6.This company’s share price has been extremely volatile over the last twelve months7.This company is likely to be the subject of a takeover bid in the near future8.This company’s performance exemplifies a widely held beliefAChemical CompanyMasterson’s interim pre-tax profits growth of 20% was somewhat inflated as a result of the income received from the disposal of several of the company’s subsidiaries. The underlying 8% rise in operating profits is a more realistic gauge of the company’s true progress. However, Masterson’s impending merger with Bentley and Knight and its appointment of a new chief executive should mean that the company will be able to sustain growth for the foreseeable fut5ure. The share price has varied little during the course of the year and now stands at ￡6.75BHotel GroupDuring the past year the Bowden Hotel Group has acquired 77 new properties, thus doublingin size . last week the group reported pre-tax profits of ￡88 million in the first six months of the year, ahead of expectations and helped by a strong performance from its London-based hotels and newly expanded US business. However. There is still some way to go. Integration of the new acquisitions is still not complete and, while the share price has risen recently, major problems with integration have yet to be solved.CHigh-tech CompanyThis time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over ￡1. six months ago it was worth ￡40. today it is priced at under ￡8 . if proof were need, here is an illustration of how much of a lottery the technology market can be. But some technology companies are fighting back and Usertech is one of them . What has renewed excitement in the company is the opening of its new American offices in Dallas and its ambitious plans to expand its user base in both North and Latin America.DBuilding CompanyRenton’s share price has risen gradually over the past year from ￡2.4 to ￡3.8 . The company has been successful in choosing prime location for its buildings and has benefited from the buoyant demand for housing. Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year, investors are encouraged by the company’s decision to move into building supermarkets. Work has already begun on two sites in London, and the company is expected to sign a contract within the next month for building four large supermarkets in Scotland.EPottery ManufacturerMilton Dishes has been through a shake-up over the past year. The group, which has been cutting margins and improving marketing, may post a small profit this year. The many members of the Milton family, who between them own 58 per cent of the business, have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell. Trade rival Ruskin has bought up just over 17 percent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm.PART TWOQuestions9– 14●Read the text about career-planning services.●Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps .●For each gap 9– 14, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet .●Do not use any letter more than once .●There is an example at the beginning .(0)●Your Career Path Can Lead You AnywhereWe used to be advised to plan our careers. We were told to make a plan during the later stages of our education and continue with it through our working lives.(0)_____ some people still see careers in this way. However, to pursue a single option for life has always been unrealistic.Planning for a single career assumes that we set out with a full understanding of our likes and dislikes and the employment opportunities open to us. (9)____ For most people this degree of certainty about the future does not exist.Our initial choice of career path and employer is often based on inadequate knowledge and false perceptions. But with age and experience, we develop new interests and aptitudes and our priorities alter. The structure of the employment market and, indeed of employment itself, is subject to change as both new technologies and new work systems are introduced (10) _____ We must face the uncertainties of a portfolio career.It is clear from the recent past that we cannot foresee the changes which will affect our working lives. The pace of change is accelerating , as a result of which traditional career plans will be of very limited use. (11)_____ They will need updating to reflect changes in our own interests as well as in the external work environment. Flexible workers already account for about half the workforce. (12)______ We are likely to face periods as contract workers, self-employed freelances, consultants, temps or part-timers.Many employers encourage staff to write a personal development development (PDP) (13) Although some people use it only to review the skills needed for their job, a PDP could be the nucleus of wider career plan –setting out alternative long-term learning needs and a plan of self-development.A report issued by the Institute of Employment Studies advises people to enhance their employability by moving from traditional technical skills towards the attainment of a range of transferable skills. (14) Instead, special schemes should be established to encourage people to examine their effectiveness and to consider a wider range of needs.A This dual effect means that the relationship between employers and workers has evolved to such and extent that we can no longer expect a long-term relationship with one employer.B. It carries an implicit assumption that we ourselves, and the jobs we enter, will change little during our working lives.C. This growth suggests that a career plan should not be expressed only in terms of full-time employment but should make provision for the possibility of becoming one of the.D this is a summary of one’s personal learning needs and an action plan to meet them.E Consequently, they must now accommodate a number of objectives and enable us to prepare for each on a contingency basis.F However, it warns that employers often identify training needs through formal appraisals, which take too narrow a view of development.G . Such a freelance of consultant would be constantly in demand.H We were expected to work towards that one clear goal and to consider a career change as a bad thing.PART THREEQuestions 15– 20Read the following article on negotiating techniques and the question on the opposite page . For each question 15 – 20 , mark one letter (A, B, C or D ) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.The Negotiating Table:You can negotiate virtually anything. Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all outcomes of negotiation. Some people negotiate deals for a living. Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by companies to negotiate on their behalf . He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation. He is working in a competitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial. Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will recommend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other. More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view. Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes”. This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no”. However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game. Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits. Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you. Pitch your look to suit your customer. You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable. People will generally feel more comfortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them. They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side. Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly. You do not need to become their best friends but being too clever will alienate them. A lot of deals are made on impressions. Do not rush what you are saying---put a few hesitations in , do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity. Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed. Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste. However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this becomes too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through . More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal. Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation. Their goals are totally selfish. They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly. If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him. If al else fails, they will try thegrandparents, using some emotional blackmail. They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing. So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.15 Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order toA put people at easeB remain detachedC be competitiveD impress rivals16 Many people say “no” to a suggestion in the beginning toA convince the other party of their point of viewB show they are not really interestedC indicate they wish to take the easy optionD protect their company’s situation17 Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you shouldA adapt your style to the people you are talking toB make the other side feel superior to youC dress in a way to make you feel comfortable.D try to make the other side like you18 According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you toA gain their friendshipB speed up the negotiationsC plan your next move.D convince them of your point of view19 Deals sometimes fail becauseA negotiations have gone on too longB the companies operate in different waysC one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly20 Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you shouldA be prepared to try every routeB try not to make people feel guiltyC be careful not to exhaust yourselfD control the decision-making process.PART FOURQuestions 21 -30●Read the article below about the methods some companies are now using for recruitment.●Choose the correct word to fill each gap from (A, B, C or D) on the opposite page.●For each question 21-30,mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.●There is an example at the beginning, (0)The Scientific Approach to RecruitmentWhen it (0) to selecting candidates through interview, more often than not the decision is made within the first five minutes of a meeting. Yet employers like to (21) themselves that they are being exceptionally thorough in their selection processes. In today’s competitive market place, the (22) of staff in many organizations is fundamental to the company’s success and, as a result , recruiters use all means at their disposal to (23) the best in the field.One method in particular that has (24) in popularity is testing , either psychometric testing, which attempts to define psychological characteristics , or abilit y￡aptitude testing (25) an organization with an extra way of establishing a candidate’s suitability for a role. It (26) companies to add value by identifying key elements of a position and then testing candidates to ascertain their ability against those identified elements.The employment of psychometric or ability testing as one (27) of the recruitment process may have some merit, but in reality there is no real (28), scientific or otherwise, of the potential future performance of any individual. The answer to this problem is experience in interview techniques and strong definition of the elements of each position to be (29) as the whole recruitment process is based on few real certainties, the instinctive decisions that many employers make, based on a CT and the first five minutes of a meeting, are probably no less valid than any21.A suggest B convince C advise D believe22.A worth B credit C quality D distinction23.A secure B relies C attain D achieve24.A lifted B enlarged C expanded D risen25.A provides B offers C contributes D gives26.A lets B enables C agrees D admits27. A portion B member C share D component28. A extent B size C amount D measure29.A occupied B met C filled D appointed30 A business B topic C point D affairQuestions 31 -40PART FIVEQuestions31-40●Read the article below about a very expensive new perfume. .●For each question 31-40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet . There is an example at the beginning, (0)Sweet smell of excess-for just ￡47.874 a bottleThe marketing says it is the “ ultimate symbol of indulgence and truly impeccable taste”. A new scent, named V1, has (0) launched for Christmas-retailing at just ￡47.874 . The makers are proudly promoting it (31) ,the “ world’s most expensive perfume” and are confident of selling the limited edition of 173 bottles-(32) it should be exactly 173 bottles is not made clear in the publicity for the product.Although carefully priced at just under the ￡50.000 mark, this perfume is clearly (33) something for anyone who considers ￡30 too much to pay for a bottle of eau-de-toilette. Those (34) are potential customers will certainly be reassured to learn that a case covered in rubies and diamonds is included free (35) charge. Purchasers are assured of further savings, with unlimited scent refills guaranteed indefinitely- at no extra cost.The fragrance is the idea of Arfaq Hussain, a 27-year-old clothes designer who first made a name (36) himself with an air-conditioned jacket he was asked to make by the singer Michael Jackson (37) far, Mr Jackson is the only person to (38) placed an order- he wants two, according to Mr Hussain.Mr Hussain is unconcerned at having no previous experience of perfumery . “It’s so (39) more than a perfume ---- it’s a piece of jewellery, too. ““ explained Mr Hussain. He attempted to describe the ￡47.874 sensation . “ it is delicate , fragrant and quite unique. When you open the lid, it takes you totally away . It’s just (40) being surrounded by thousands of wild flowers and roses.PART SIXQuestions41 - 52●Read the text below about team-based pay●In most of the lines 41 - 52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect ofdoes not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however,are correct .●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.●If there is an extra word in the line ,write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on yourAnswer Sheet .●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00) .Team-Based Pay0 Team-based pay schemes that have been catching the eye of modern employers.00 Supporters say that they encourage group endeavour and improve 41 organizational performance. But salespeople, typically the most self-motivated42 of workers, they have traditionally been rewarded according to individual43 performance. So are team-based schemes suitable ? The key issue is44 whether team-based pay is more being in line with the organization’s objectives45 than pay which based on individual achievement. Introducing a team pay46 scheme can be complex. The biggest problem is for defining the team in the first47 place. Another is that team pay schemes won’t work if the actionsOf one48 individual make no impact on those of another. You should need a true team.49 like a football team. Where all the members are interdependent. When sales staff50 can be less receptive to team pay schemes because personal motivation can51 be an important boost to performance What they need is their encouragement52 to perceive that the wider term of the company overall : production, administration and dispatch all affect each other.Writing 1 hour 10 minutesPart oneQuestion 1●The graphs below show the performance of a European country’s manufacturing and agriculturalSectors in terms of exports and imports between 1991 and 2001.●Using the information from the graphs, write a short report describing the general movements in exports, imports and the resulting balance of trade●Write 120-140 wordsPart two:Write an answer to ONE of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 200-250 words. Question 2:●The Managing Director of your company or organization has announced that reports on performance are to be produced by all departments. Your Hear of Department has asked you to produce the report about your department for the Managing Director.●Write the report for the Managing Director, explaining:A What aspects of your department function most effectivelyB Which aspect is most in need of improvementC How this improvement could be achievedQuestion 3●You work for an employment agency. The following is part of a letter you have received from a customer:The temporary administrative assistant you sent us was totally unacceptable. I certainly will not be using your agency again when I need temporary staff.●Write a letter to the customer:A apologising for having sent the unsatisfactory temporary workerB giving reasons for what happenedC explaining why what happened was exceptionalD offering some sort of compensation to the customerQuestion 4●Your Managing Director has decided that the company’s website should be improved and has asked you to consider ways of going about this.●Write a proposal for the Managing Director:A Sunmarising the strengths and weaknesses the current websiteB suggesting new services and information to be provided through the websiteC explaining the benefits the improvements would bring.ListeningPart one:Question 1-12●You will hear a consultant giving a talk to a group of UK business people about exporting to the United Arab Emirates (UAE)●As you listen, for questions 1-12. complete the notes, using up to three words or a number. ●.After you have listened once, replay the recording.The business Master ClassArrangements for participants1 The event will take place over2 Seminar organized by3 The title of the last session will be4 To use the New City Hotel car park, delegates must obtain aDr Sangalli5 Dr Sangalli has advised many6 The name of his consultancy is7 He is the author of8 In Europe, he is the best-knownThe Business Master Class9 to become more10 to establish newTwo outcomes of session:11 design your own12 take away documents containing actualPart twoQuestions 13-22●You will here five different business people talking about trips they have recently been on.14151617A to supervise staff trainingB to hold job interviewsC to introduce new policyD to visit possible new premisesE to observe working practicesF to meet a new managerG to sign a new contractH to deal with a complaintTask two-problem●For question 18-22, match the extracts with the problem, listed A –H●For each extract, choose the problem described●write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract1819202122A I forgot a documentB My hotel was noisyC I was late for meeting.D I didn’t understand some figures.E The service at my hotel was bad.F I had some wrong informationG I didn’t have an interpreter.H I experienced computer problems.PART THREEQuestion 23-30.●You will hear part of a conversation between a management consultant and the Human Resources manager of Jenkins, a company which manufactures children’s clothing.23 What is said about the ownership of Jenkins?A the founder has sold the company to someone else.B Jenkins has merged with another companyC There has been no change of ownership.24 What does the Human Resources manager see as the main external threat to Jenkins?A Their retailers are becoming less willing to pay their prices.B Consumers are buying more top-of-the-range children’s clothes.C More and more companies are producing children’s clothes.25 The Human Resources manager sees the company’s main strength as the fact thatA It has several long-term contractsB it makes products of high qualityC its distribution system is efficient26 The Human Resources manager believes that Jenkins’ main weakness at present is thatA the machinery is inadequate for current requirementsB the management style is out of line with modern demandsC the relation between management and workers are poor.27 According to the Human Resources manager, why do many machinists choose to leave?A They think that they can get better paid work elsewhere.B They feel that too much is expected of themC They lack confidence in the company’ future28 When working to produce a batch of clothesA each team is responsible for a particular operationB each member of the team produces a complete itemC each person carries out one part of the production process29. What change has been made to range of goods?A A smaller number of items is producedB Each item is now made in smaller quantities.C Fewer new styles are introduced each year.30 What is said about the machinists?A More of their work is falling below the required standard.B Some of them are earning less than they used to.C They have to spend longer learning to operate new machines.That is the end of the Listening test. You now have ten minutes to transfer your answersSpeaking 16 minutesPart one:In this part, the interlocutor asks question on a number of work-related and non-work related subjects to each candidate in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.Part twoThe candidate chooses one topic and speaks about it for approximately one minute. One minute’s preparation time is allowed.A Customer relations: the importance of making customers feel valuedB company growth : the importance to a company of controlling expansionC Marketing: how to ensure that agents maintain a high level of effectiveness when representinga companyPart Three:In this part of the test, candidates are given a topic to discuss and are allowed 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, before talking together for about three minutes.Afterwards, the examiner asks more questions related to the topic.For two candidatesStaff Suggestion SchemeYour company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and to encourage members of staff at all levels to contribute ideas. You have been asked to consider ways of setting up the scheme.Discuss, and decide together:●How to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute●How suggestions from members of staff could be evaluated.For three candidatesStaff suggestion scheme:You company is planning to introduce a suggestion scheme and to encourage members of staff at all levels to contribute ideas. You have been asked to consider ways of setting up the scheme. Discuss, and decide together:●How to set up the scheme so that all staff feel they can contribute●How suggestions from members of staff could be evaluated●What kinds of rewards would be suitable for suggestions made.Follow-on questions ：●Which kinds of companies can benefit most from suggestion schemes?(why?)●What other methods can companies use to generate ideas for improvements?●What other ways are there of increasing staff involvement in a company?●In what ways can companies obtain suggestion or comments from customers?●How important are new ideas for companies in maintaining competitiveness? Why?TEST 1 KEYKeyTest 1 Reading1 D2 B3 E4 A5 D6 C7 E8 CPart 29 B 10 A 11E 12C 13D 14FPart 315 B16D 17A 18D19B 20 APart 421 B 22C 23 A 24 D25 A26-30 B D D C APart 531- 35 AS WHY NOT/ HARDL Y WHO/ THAT OF36-40 FOR SO/ THUS HAVE MUCH LIKEPART 641-45 CORRECT THEY CORRECT BEING WHICH46-50 FOR CORRECT SHOULD WHEN CORRECT51-52 THEIR THATTest WRITINGSAMPLE AThis report describes the movements of the balance of trade between 1991 and 2001 , for a particular country, concerning manufacturing and agriculture.Manufacturing:Imports increased constantly during this period. The figure shows a rise of $ 4 bn within the whole period and no fluctuations are to be remarked.Exports rose from nearly $ 3 bn in 1991 to approximately $7 bn in 2001 , suffering minor fluctuations all the way through. In general, the balance of trade remained slightly positive through the period considered.Agriculture:Imports increased slightly, ending the period around $1 bn over their starting level. They suffered a temporary fall between 1992 and 1994 , followed by a steady recovery. After peaking at around $2.5 bn in 1999, imports fell slightly to their final value.Exports figure shows the same performance although at level $4bn higher than imports.Consequently, the balance of trade remained markedly positive throughout the period.Band 4All content points are included. There is a relatively natural use of language and a good range of structure, despite some inaccuracy. There is also evidence of a wide range of vocabulary and the report is well organized.Sample BIntroduction:The aim of this report is to describe the imports an exports of the Manufacturing and Agricultural sectors in the years 1991-2001 in European contry’sManufacturing ImportsIn the first year (1991) the imports were just above $2 bn, at the end of 2001, the imports were almost on the $ 6 bn.Manufacturing ExportsIn 1991 were just below the $ 3TEST 1PART11 THREE DAYS2 CLOBAL CONFERENCES PLCTOMORROW’S SOFTWAREPERMITLARGE CORPORATIONSLOGIC SOLUTIONSINTELLIGENT CHANGEIT ANAL YSTCUSTOMER DRIVENORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURESFRAMEWORK FOR ACTIONCASE STUDIESPARTF C D B E A B F C DPART3C A B C B C B A。

Bec高级真题辑2答案解析

Bec高级真题辑2答案解析BEC高级真题辑2答案解析作为商务英语高级证书的一项重要考试，BEC高级考试涵盖了广泛的商务领域知识，并要求考生具备高级的英语应用能力。

针对BEC高级真题辑2中的一些典型题目，本文将进行解析和讨论，以帮助考生更好地应对这一考试。

第一题：阅读理解题目：According to the survey, the biggest concern among CEOs is how to increase market share. However, the study also shows that many CEOs underestimate the importance of strong leadership in achieving this goal. The survey found that companies with highly effective leaders were five times more likely to increase market share compared to those with weaker leadership. Additionally, the study revealed that the most successful CEOs prioritize developing leadership skills and fostering a positive company culture.解析：本篇阅读理解的主题是关于企业CEO对于如何增加市场份额的关注以及领导力在实现这个目标中的重要性。

调查结果显示，许多CEO低估了领导力在增加市场份额中的重要性。

那些拥有高效领导力的公司比那些领导力较弱的公司增加市场份额的可能性要大五倍。

此外，研究还发现，最成功的CEO将发展领导力技能和培养积极的公司文化作为首要任务。

评论：这道题目涉及了市场份额和领导力两个关键概念。

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TEST 1PART ONEQuestions 1-8●Look at the statements below and at the five reports about companies on the oppositepage.●Which company (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement (1-8) refer to?●For each statement (1-8), mark one letter (A, B, C, D or E) on your Answer Sheet.●You will need to use some of these letters more than once.1 This company has been involved in diversfying its business activities.2 Although this company is doing well, it has a number of internal difficulties to deal with.3 This company has reduced the profits it makes on individual items.4 One sta tistic is a less accurate guide to this company’s performance than another.5 The conditions which have helped this company are llikely to be less favourable in thefuture.6 This company’s share price ha s been extremely volatile over the last twelve months.7 This company is likely to be the subject of a takeover bid in the near future.8 This company’s performance exemplifies a widely held belief.AChemical CompanyMasterson‟s interim pre-tax profits growth of 20% was somewhat inflated as a result of the income received from the disposal of several of the company‟s subsidiaries. The underlying 8% rise in operating profits is a more realistic gauge of the company‟s ture progress. However, Masterson‟s impending merger with Bentley and Knight and its appointment of a new chief executive should mean that the company will be able to sustain growth for the foreseeable future. The share price has varied little during the course of the year and now stands at ￡6.75.BHotel GroupDuring the past year the Bowden Hotel Group has acquired 77 new properties, thus doubling in size. Last week the group reported pre-tax profits of ￡88 million in the first six months of the year, ahead of expectations and helped by a strong performance from its London-based hotels and newly expanded US business. However, there is still some way to go. Integration of the new acquisitions is still not complete and, while the share price has risen recently, major problems with integration have yet to be solved.CHigh-tech CompanyThis time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over ￡1.Six months ago it was worth ￡40. Today it is priced at under ￡8. If proof were needed, here is an illustration of how much of a lottery the technology market can be. But some technology companies are fighting back and Usertech is one of them. What has renewed excitement in the company is the opening of its new American offices in Dallas and its ambitious plan to expand its user base in North and Latin America.DBuilding CompanyRenton‟s share price has risen gradually over the past year from ￡2.40 to ￡3.80. The company has been successful in choosing prime locations for its buildings and has benefited from the buoyant demand for housing. Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year, investors are encouraged by the company‟s decision to move into building supermarkets. Work has already begun on two sites in London, and the company is expected to sign a contract within the next month for building four large supermarkets in Scotland.EPottery ManufacturerMilton Dishes has been through a shake-up over the past year. The group, which has been cutting margins and improving marketing, may post a samll profit this year. The many members of the Milton family, who between them own 58 per cent of the business, have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell. Trade rival Ruskin has bought up just over 17 per cent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm.PART TWOQuestions 9-14●Read the text about career-planning services.●Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.●For each gaps (9-14), mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.●There is an example at the beginning, (0).Your career path can lead you anywhereWe used to be advised to plan our careers. We were told to make a plan during the later stages of our educatioin and continue with it through our working lives. (0)....H..... Some people still see careers in this way. However, to pursue a single option for life has always been unrealistic.Planning for a single career assumes that we set out with a full understanding of our likes and dislikes and the employment opportunities open to us. (9)......... For most people this degree of certainty about the future does not exist.Our initial choice of career path and employer is often based on inadequate knowledge and false perceptions. But with age and experience, we develop new interests and aptitudes and our priorities alter. The structure of the employment market and, indeed of employment itself, is subject to change as both new technologies and new work systems are introduced. (10)......... We must face the uncertainties of a portfolio career.It is clear from the recent past that we cannot foresee the changes which will affect our working lives. The pace of change is accelerating, as a result of which traditional career plans will be of very limited use.(11)......... They will need updating to reflect changes in our own interests as well as in the external work environment. Flexible workers already accout for about half the workforce.(12)......... We are likely to face periods as contract workers, self-employed freelances, consultants, temps or part-timers.Many employers encourage staff to write a personal development plan (PDP). (13)......... Although some people use it only to review the skills needed for their job, a PDP could be the nucleus of a wider career plan-setting out alternative long-term learning needs and a plan of self-development.A report issued by the Institute of Employment Studies advises people to enhance their employability by moving from traditional technical skills towards the attainment of a range of transferable skills. (14)......... Instead, special schemes should be established to encourage people to examine their effectiveness and to consider a wider range of needs.A This dual effect means that therelationship between employers andworkers has envolved to such an extentthat we can no longer expect a long-termrelationship with one employer.B It carries an implicit assumption that weourselves, and the jobs we enter, willchange little during our working lives.C This growth suggests that a career planshould not be expressed only in terms offull-time employment but should makeprovision for the possibility of becomingone of them.D This is a summary of one‟s personallearning needs and an action plan to meetthem.E Consequently, they must nowaccommodate a number of objectives andenable us to prepare for each on acontingency basis.F However, it warns that employers oftenidentify training needs through formalappraisals, which take too narrow a viewof development.G Such a freelance or consultant would becontantly in demand.H We were expected to work towards thatone clear goal and to consider a careerchange as a bad thing.PART THREEQuestions 15-20●Read the following article on negotiating techniques and the questions on the oppositepage.●For each question (15-20), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.T h e N e g o t i a t i n g Ta b l eYou can negotiate virtually anything. Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all outcomes of negotiation. Some people negotiate deals for a living. Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by companies to negotiate on their behalf. He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation. He is working in a competitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial. Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will recommend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other. More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view. Negotiation requires two people at the end saying …yes‟. This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying …no‟. However, although this can make talkd more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game. Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there of they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits. Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you. Pitch your look to suit your customer. You do not need to make them feel better than you but, for example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable. People will generally feel more comfortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them. They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side. Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly. You do not need to become their best friend but being too clever will alienate them. A lot of deals are made on impressions. Do not rush what you are saying- put a few hesitations in, do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity. Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed. Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste. However, joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes, if this becomes too great, neither party may be prepared to see the deal through. More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal. Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.Dr Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation. Their goals are totally selfish. They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly. If Mum refused their request, they will troop along to Dad and pressurise him. If all else fails they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail. They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing. So there are lessons to be learned from watching and listening to children.15Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order toA put people at ease.B remain detachedC be competitive.D impress rivals.16Many people say …no‟ to a suggestion in the beginning toA convince the other party of their point of view.B show they are not really interested.C indicate they wish to take the easy option.D protect their company‟s situation.17Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you shouldA adapt your style to the people you are talking to.B make the other side feel superior to you.C dress in a way to make you feel comfortable.D try to make the other side like you.18According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you toA gain their friendship.B speed up the negotiations.C plan your next move.D convince them of your point of view.19Deals sometimes fail becauseA negotiations have gone on too long.B the companies operate in different ways.C one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly.20Dr Cohen mentioins children‟s negotiation techniques to show that you shouldA be prepared to try every route.B try not to make people feel guilty.C be careful not to exhaust yourself.D comtrol the decision-making process.PART FOURQuestions 21-30●Read the article below about the methods some companies are now using forrecruitment.●Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.●For each question(21-30), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.●There is an example at the beginning (0).The scientific Approach to RecruitmentWhen it (0)......... to selecting candidates through interview, more often than not the decision is made within the first five minutes of a meetig. Yet employers like to (21)......... themselves that they are being exceptionally thorough in their selection processes. In today‟s competitive market place, the (22)......... of staff in many organisations is fundamental to the company‟s success and, as a result, recruiters use all means at their disposal to (23)......... the best in the field.One method in particular that has (24)......... in popularity is testing, either psychometric testing, which attempts to define psychological characteristics, or ability/aptitude testing. The idea is thattesting (25)......... an organisatioin with an extra way of establishing a candidate‟s suitability for a role. It (26)......... companies to add value by identifying key elements of a position and then testing candidates to ascertain their ability against those identified elements.The employment of psychometric or ability testing as one (27)......... of the recruitment process may have some merit, but in reality there is no real (28)......... scientific or otherwise, of the potential future performance of any individual. The answer to this problem is experience in interview techniques and a strong definitioin of the elements of each position to be (29)......... As the whole recruitment process is based on few real certainties, the instinctive decisions that many employers make, based on a CV and the first five minutes of a meeting, are probably no less valid than any other tool employed in the (30)......... of recruitment.21 A suggest B convince C advise D believe22 A worth B credit C quality D distinction23 A secure B realise C attain D achieve24 A lifted B enlarged C expanded D risen25 A provides B offers C contributes D gives26 A lets B enables C agrees D admits27 A portion B member C share D component28 A extent B size C amount D measure29 A occupied B met C filled D appointed30 A business B topic C point D affairPART FIVEQuestions 31-40●Read the article below about a very expensive new perfume.●For each question (31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your AnswerSheet.●There is an example at the beginning, (0).Sweet smell of excess – for just ￡47,874 a bottleThe marketing says it is the “ultimate symbol of indulgence and truly impeccable taste”. A new scent, named V1, has (0)......... launched for Christmas – retailing at just ￡47,874. The makers are proudly promoting it (31)......... the “world‟s most expensive perfume” and are confident of selling the limited edition of 173 bottles - (32)......... is not made clear in the publicty for the product.Although carefully priced at just under the ￡50,000 mark, this perfume is clearly (33).........something for anyone who considers ￡30 too much to pany for a bottle of eau-de-toilette. Those (34)......... are potential customers will certainly be reassured to learn that a case covered in rubies and diamonds is included free (35)......... charge. Purchasers are assured of further savings, with unlimited scent refills guaranteed indenfinitely – at no extra cost.The fragrance is the idea of Arfaq Hussain, a 27-year-old clothes designer who first made a name (36)......... himself with an air-conditioned jacket he was asked to make by the singer Michael Jackson. (37)......... far, Mr Jackson is the only person to (38)......... placed an order he wants two, according to Mr Hussain.Mr Hussain is unconcerned at having no previous experience of perfumery. “It‟s so (39)......... more than a perfume – it‟s a piece os jewellery, too, ” explained Mr Hussain. He attempted to describe the ￡47,874 sensation. “It is delicate, fragrant and quite unique. When you open the lid, it takes you totally away. It‟s just (40)......... being surrounded by thousands of wild flowers and roses.”PART SIXQuestions 41-52●Read the text below about team-based pay.●In most of the lines (41-52) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrector does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.●If a line is correct, write COTTECT on your Answer Sheet.●If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on yourAnswer Sheet.●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).TEAM-BASED PAY0 Team-based pay schemes that have been catching the eye of modern employers.00 Supporters say that they encourage group endeavour and improve41organisational performance. But salespeople, typically the most self-motivated42of workers, they have traditioinally been rewarded according to individual43performance. So are team-based schemes suitable? The key issue is44whether team-based pay is more being in line with the organisation‟s objectives45than pay which based on individual achievement. Introducing a team pay46scheme can be complex. The biggest problem is for defining the team in the first47place. Another is that team pay schemes won‟t work if the actions of one48individual make no impact on those of another. You should need a true team,49like a football team, where all the members are interdependent. When sales staff 50can be less receptive to team pay schemes because personal motivation can51be an important boost to performance. What they need is their encouagement52to perceive that the wider team of the company overall: production, administration and despatch all affect each other.。

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