1.They are regarded by all the good wives, far and near, as perfect
barometers.(7)
2.When the rest of the landscape is cloudless, they will gather a hood of
gray vapors about their summits, which, in the last rays of the setting sun, will glow and light up like a crown of glory.(8)
3.It is a little village, of great antiquity, having been founded by some of
the Dutch colonists, in the early times of the province.(8)
4.He was a descendant of the Van Winkles.(8)
5.He was, moreover, a kind neighbor, and an obedient hen-pecked
husband.(8)
6.A termagant wife, may, therefore, in some respects, he considered a
tolerable blessing; and if so, Rip Van Winkle was thrice blessed.
7.Whenever they talked those matters over in their evening gossiping, to
lay all the blame on Dame Van Winkle.
8.Not a dog would bark at him throughout the neighborhood. (9)
9.The great error in Rip‘s composition was an insuperable aversion to all
kinds of profitable labor. (9)
10.H is patrimonial estate had dwindled away under his management, acre by
acre. (10)
11.R ip Van Winkle, however, was one of those happy mortals, of foolish,
well-oiled dispositions, who take the world easy, eat white bread or brown, whichever can be got with least thought or trouble, and would
rather starve on a penny than work for a pound.(10)
12.R ip‘s sole domestic adherent was his dog Wolf, who was as much
hen-pecked as his master. (11)
13.W hat courage can withstand the ever-during and all-besetting terrors of a
woman‘s tongue? (11)
14.I t is true, he was rarely heard to speak, but smoked his pipe
incessantly.(13)
15.H e would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and
placid clouds.(13)
16.H is only alternative, to escape from the labor of the farm and the clamor
of his wife, was to take gun in hand and stroll away into the woods. (13) 17.R ip had unconsciously scrambled to one of the highest parts of the
Kaatskill Mountain. (13)
18.P anting and fatigued, he threw himself, late in the afternoon, on a green
knoll, covered with mountain herbage, that crowned the brow of a precipice.
19.R ip now felt a vague apprehension stealing over him. (14)
20.T heir visages, too, were peculiar. (15)
21.A t length his senses were overpowered, his eyes swam in his head, his
head gradually declined, and he fell into a deep sleep. (16)
22.T he birds were hopping and twittering among the bushes, and the eagle
was wheeling aloft, and breasting the pure mountain breeze.(16)
23.H e grieved to give up his dog and gun; he dreaded to meet his wife. (17)
24.T he constant recurrence of this gesture induced Rip, involuntarily, to do
the same. (17)
25.H e found the house gone to decay—the roof fallen in, the windows
shattered, and the doors off the hinges. (18)
26.I t was empty, forlorn, and apparently abandoned. (19)
27.R ip was equally at a loss to comprehend the question. (20)
28.R ip looked, and beheld a precise counterpart of himself, as he went up the
mountain. (21)
29.I n the midst of his bewilderment, the man in the cocked hat demanded
who he was, and what was his name? (21)
30.R ip had but one question more to ask; but he put it with a faltering voice.
(22)
31.He was a descendant of the historian of that name, who wrote one of t he
earliest accounts of the province. (22)
32.He had got his neck out of the yoke of matrimony. (23)
33.The old Dutch inhabitants, however, almost universally gave it full
credit. (24)
34.[…] (1) suspicions did not fail to arise in the minds of some, that he had
privately (2) made away with his brother, the late king, with the view of
marrying his widow, […]
35.w hat mostly troubled him was an uncertainty about the (3) manner of his
father‘s death.
36.A rumor had reached the ear of young Hamlet, that an (4) apparition,
exactly (5) resembling the dead king his father, had been seen by the soldiers upon (6) watch.
37.A nd when Hamlet was left alone, he took up (7) a solemn resolution, that
all he had in his memory, all that he had ever learned by books or observation, should be(8) instantly forgotten by him, and nothing live in his brain but the memory of what the ghost had told him, and (9)enjoined him to do.
38.A t the representation of this play, the king, who did not know the (10)
trap which was laid for him, was (11) present, with his queen and the whole court.
39.S he, (12) affrighted at his earnest manner, and fearful lest in his
(13)lunacy he should do her a mischief, cried out;
40.S oon after the ship was attacked by pirates, and a sea-fight (14)
commenced; (15) in the course of which Hamlet, desirous to show his valour, with sword in hand singly (16) boarded the enemy‘s vessel;
41.T here was a willow which grew (17) slanting over a brook, and
(18)reflected its leaves on the stream. To this brook she came one day
when she was (19) unwatched, with (20) garlands she had been making,
(21) mixed up of daisies and nettles, flowers and weeds together, and (22)
clambering up to hang her garland upon the boughs of the willow, […]
42.(23) In this instant the queen (24) shrieked out that she was poisoned. She
had inadvertently drunk out of a bowl which the king had prepared for Hamlet, (25) in case, that being warm in fencing, he should call for drink:
43.a nd he (Laertes) told Hamlet of the (26) envenomed point, and said that
Hamlet had not half an hour to live, for no medicine could cure him; and begging forgiveness of Hamlet, he died, with his last words accusing the king of being the (27) contriver of the mischief.
44.[…] this law was seldom or never (1)put in execution, though perhaps the
young ladies of that city were not unfrequently (2)threatened by their parents with the terrors of it.
45.T heseus, though a great and (3)merciful prince, had no power to (4)alter
the laws of his country; therefore he could only give Hermia four days to consider of it.
46.L ysander was in great (5) affliction at hearing these evil tidings; but (6)
recollecting that he had an aunt who lived at some distance from Athens, […]
47.P uck […] was a shrewed and (7)knavish sprite, that used to play comical
(8)pranks in the neighboring villages; […]
48.P uck, who loved (9)mischief to his heart, (10)was highly diverted with
this intended frolic of his master, and ran to seek the flower; […]
49.B ut it so fell out that Helena came that way, and, instead of Hermia, was
the first object Lysander (11)beheld when he opened his eyes; and strange to relate, so powerful was the love-charm, all his love for Hermia
(12)vanished away, and Lysander fell in love with Helena.
50.O beron had learnt by some questions he had asked of Puck, that he had
(13)applied the love-charm to the wrong person‘s eyes; and now having
found the person first (14)intended.
51.T hen (15)wink at each other, and hold the sweet jest up. If you had any
pity, grace, or manners, you would not (16)use me thus.
52.―Sleep, then,‖ said the queen, ―and I will (17)wind you in my arms. O,
how I love you! How I (18)dote upon you!‖
53.I t was soon agreed that, as Demetrius had given up his (19)pretensions to
Hermia, he should endeavor to prevail upon her father to (20)revoke the cruel sentence of death which had been passed against her.
54.T he fairy king and queen, who were (21) invisible (22)spectators of this
(23)reconciliation, and now saw the happy ending of the lover s‘ history,
[…]
55.a nd now, if any are (24)offended with this story of fairies and their pranks,
as judging it (25)incredible and strange, they have only to think that they have been asleep and dreaming, and that all these adventures were
(26)visions which they saw in their sleep.
1. __________ And God said, ―Let there be an expanse between the
waters to separate water from water.‖
2. __________ And God said, ―Let the water teem with living creatures, …‖
3. __________ God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, …
4.__________This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created.
5. __________ Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the LORD God had made.
6. __________So Cain was very angry, and his face was downcast.
7. __________Noah was a righteous man, blameless among the people of his time, …
8. __________ __________ __________ Everything on earth will perish. But I will make a covenant with you, and you will enter the ark…
9. __________ Then Noah built an altar to the LORD and, taking some of all the clean animals and clean birds, he sacrificed burnt offerings on it. 10. __________ These were the three sons of Noah, and from them came the people who were scattered over the earth.
11. __________ __________ __________ From these the maritime peoples spread out into their territories by their clans within their nations, each with its own language.
12. __________Now Sarai was barren; she had no children.
13. __________ Now there was a famine in the land, and Abram went down to Egypt to live there…
14. __________ But the LORD inflicted serious diseases on Pharaoh…
15. __________… Lot lived among the cities of the plain and pitched his tents near Sodom.
16. __________ During the night Abram divided his men to attack them and he routed them…
17. __________ O Sovereign LORD, what can you give me since I remain childless…
18. __________ He slept with Hagar, and she conceived.
19. __________ Abram fell facedown, and God said to him.
20. __________ Every male among you shall be circumcised.
21. __________ __________ __________ Abraham and Sarah were already old and well advanced in years, … (Sarah) I am worn out and my master is old, …
22. __________ __________ The outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is so great and their sin so grievous…
23. __________Far be it from you to do such a thing –to kill the righteous with wicked…
24. __________ __________ ―This fellow (Lot) came here as an alien,
and now he wants to play the judge! …‖
25. __________ So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were pledged to marry his daughter.
26. __________ __________ … and he (God) brought Lot out of the catastrophe that overthrew the cities where Lot had lived.
1. ____________________ ―You are as good as dead because of the woman you (Abimelech) have taken; she is a married woman.‖
2. ____________________ ―I (Abimelech) have done it with a clear conscience and clean hands.‖
3. __________ ―Now return the man‘s wife; for he (Abraham) is a prophet, …‖
4. __________ ―I (Abraham) said to myself, ?There is surely no fear of God in this place (Gerar), …‘‖
5. __________ ―This is to cover the offense against you before all who are with you; you (Sarah) are completely vindicated.‖
6. __________ Now the LORD was gracious to Sarah as he had said, …
7. __________ __________ ―Sell me (Abraham) some property for a burial site here so I can bury my dead.‖
8. __________ __________ ―… listen to me and intercede with Ephron son of Zohar on my behalf…‖
9. ________________________________________ ―…the land is worth four hundred shekels of silver, but what is that between me and you?...‖10. __________ Abraham… weighted out for him the price he had
named… according to the weight current among the merchants.
11. __________ ―Do not detain me (the chief servant of Abraham), …‖
12. ____________________ Isaac, who had a taste for wild game, loved
Esau, …
13. __________ __________ So Esau despised his birthright.
14. ____________________ Then Laban said to him, ―You (Jacob) are
my own flesh and blood.‖
15. __________“I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed a
pillar…”
16. ____________________ Now Rachel had taken the household
gods…
17. ____________________ ―Get rid of the foreign gods you have with
you, …‖
1.Ray was an altogether serious man and had a little sharp-featured wife
who had also a sharp voice.
2.The two, with half a dozen thin-legged children, lived in a tumble-down
frame house beside a creek…...
3.They said that old Windpeter stood up on the seat of his wagon, raving
and swearing at the onrushing locomotive, and that he fairly screamed with delight when the team, maddened by his incessant slashing at them…...
4.Most boys have reasons of wishing they could die gloriously instead of
just being grocery clerks and going on with their humdrum lives.
5.Hal was the worst of the lot and always up to some devilment.
6.With the money he bought himself a suit of cheap, flashy clothes.
7.Hal went to work on the Wills farm because there was a country school
teacher out that way who had taken his fancy.
8.Everyone who heard of his infatuation for the school teacher was sure it
would turn out badly.
9.Ray, who was the more sensitive and always minded things more, had
chapped hands and they hurt.
10.……and how the low hills are splashed with yellows and reds you would
understand his feeling.
11.H is marriage had come about through one of his days of wandering.
12.H e had induced a girl who waited on trade in his father‘s shop to go with
him and something had happened.
13.H al tried to keep on laughing but he too was in an earnest mood.
14.―Has he got to be harnessed up and driven through life like a horse?‖
15.―……Perhaps you‘ve been in the same fix yourself……Shall I do it or
shall I tell Nell to go to the devil……‖
16.A t half-past four that afternoon Ray was puttering about the barnyard
when his wife came up the lane along the creek and called him.
17.H e had already done the evening chores and had seen Hal, dressed and
ready for a roistering night in town……
18.A long the paths to his own house he trudged behind his wife, looking at
the ground and thinking. He cou ldn‘t make out what was wrong.
19.T hen as he ran he remembered his children and in fancy felt their hands
clutching at him.
20.R ay Pearson lost his nerve and this is really the end of the story of what
happened to him.
21.…and there it stayed, propped up on two wooden boxes beside the
feed-room door.
22.T he hook at the side was stuck fast.
23.P erhaps it is the way God opens houses at dead of night when He is
taking a quiet turn with an angel…
24.…beds with real bedclothes…
25.B ut what Kezia liked more than anything, what she liked frightfully, was
the lamp.
26.T he father and mother dolls, who sprawled very stiff as though they had
fainted in the drawing-room…
27.T hey burned to tell everybody, to describe, to-well-to boast about their
doll‘s house before the school-bell rang.
28.N ot to stay to tea, of course, or to come traipsing through the house.
29.T hey only just had time to whip off their hats and fall into line before the
roll was called.
30.T he girls of her class nearly fought to put their arms around her, to walk
away with her, to beam flatteringly, to be her special friend.
31.…and as they set the fashion in all matters of behavior, the Kelveys were
shunned by everybody.
32.S o they were the daughters of a washerwoman and a gaolbird.
33.W hy Mrs. Kelvey made them so conspicuous was hard to understand.
34.L il, for instance, who was a stout, plain child, with big freckles…
35.A nd her little sister, our Else, wore a long white dress, rather like a
nightgown, and a pair of little boy‘s boots.
36.S he was a tiny wishbone of a child, with cropped hair and enormous
solemn eyes—a little white owl.
37.S he went through life holding on to Lil, with a piece of Lil‘s skirt
screwed up in her hand.
38.W hen the little girls turned around and sneered, Lil, as usual, gave her
silly, shamefaced smile, but our Else only looked.
39.―Yah, yer father‘s in prison!‖ she hissed, spitefully.
40.O ur Else was looking at her with big, imploring eyes; she was frowning;
she wanted to go.
41.P resently our Else nudged up close to her sister. But now she had
forgotten the cross lady. She put out a finger and stroked her sister‘s quill;
she smiled her rare smile.
42.T hey seemed to be losing ground, somehow, losing hope as the months
went by.(6)
43.S he was spellbound—she knew he knew her.(7)
44.S he did not so much think of him: she was possessed by him.(8)
45.S he saw his dark, shrewd, unabashed eye looking into her, knowing her.
(8)
46.S he examined her gun, and cleaned it, musing abstractedly by the
lamplight. (8)
47.A nd she proceeded to forget about it, except that she was more indignant
than ever at the impudence. (8)
48.T hey dreaded the almost continuous darkness that enveloped them on
their desolate little farm near the wood. (9)
49.T here heard a footstep—distinctly a footstep. Banford recoiled in fear.
(10)
50.H aving his heavy sack on his shoulders, he stooped, thrusting his head
forward.(10)
51.B ehind her, banford, clinging to sofa-arm, was shrinking away, with
half-averted head. (11)
52.She racked her brain to think of something else to put on the tray. (12)
53.He continued to answer with courteous simplicity, grave and charming.
(14)
54.At last the talk dwindled. The youth relaxed his clasp of his knees. (15)
55.She awoke with the pain of it, and lay trembling as if she were really
seared. (17)
56.When he thought of her dark, startled, vulnerable eyes he smiled subtly
to himself. (20)
57.I f he was not careful, she would turn around on him with her savage,
sardonic ridicule, and dismiss him from the farm and from her own mind forever.(21)
58.Y our own fate overtakes and determines the fate of the deer your are
hunting. (21)
59.H e was not quite sure how he would go on. And March was suspicious as
a hare. (22)
60.M arch felt rather than heard him. She was trying in vain to turn aside her
face. (22)
61.?Oh, I can‘t,‘she wailed helplessly, half-articulate, as if semiconscious,
and as if in pain, like one who dies. ?How can I?‘(23)
62.T hey went in to tea. March was quite mute. Her face was pale and
strained and vague. (24)
63.B ut March had again gone vague and unheeding, chewing her food as if
she did not know she was eating at all. (25)
64.?Yes, I suppose so,‘ said March laconically. She would never confess to
the fox. (28)
65.―I‘m going to bed, Nellie, I‘m all nerves tonight. Are you coming?‖ (28)
66.At that moment Banford‘s voice was heard calling fretfully, crossly
from upstairs.(30)
67.She looked up at him, and a deep pink color flushed over her face. (31)
68.But again she flushed with an agonized flush. She, too, could swallow
no more. (32)
69.Her plaintive, fretful voice had a thread of hot anger and despair. (32) 1.But Henry sat on, stiff with temper. He took no notice of her. She had
regained her composure and her soft, even creamy complexion. (33) 70.They sat each one at the sharp corner of a triangle, in obstinate
remoteness. (33)
71.I f you marry him he‘ll just make a fool of you. He‘ll go off and leave you
stranded. (34)
72.T he boy outside could hear the stifled sound of the woman‘s sobbing, and
could hear March‘s soft, deep, tender voice comforting, with wonderful gentleness and tenderness, the weeping woman. (35)
73.A nd suddenly it seemed to him England was little and tight, he felt the
landscape was constricted even in the dark. (36)
74.And at the same moment there was the awful crash of a gun
reverberating between the old buildings, as if all the night had gone smash. (37)
75.March was in agony and dazed bewilderment, looking for something to
line the box with. (38)
76.She pursed her lips, and her eyes went black and vacant. Then she took
the head in her hand. (38)
https://www.doczj.com/doc/125605958.html,ter in the day she saw the fox‘s skin nailed flat on a board, as if
crucified. It gave her an uneasy feeling. (39)
1.?Would you rather stay over here while I go first?‘ he asked.
?I would, if that‘s the only alternative,‘ she replied. (41)
2.There was again the queer, sardonic look about her; she would mock
stoically at everything he said or which life offered. (42)
3.?I should think not, indeed,‘ cried Banford indignantly.
At bed-time Banford said plaintively to March.(42)
4.?Why don‘t you let me help you with the parcels?‘ She had a queer,
plaintive hitch in her voice. Then came March‘s robust and reckless.(43)
5.?Don‘t you worry yourself, nobody‘s going to treat me cheaply. And even
you aren‘t, either.‘She had a tender defiance and a certain fire in her voice.(44)
6.A curious quietness and gravity came over his soul. He felt a man, quiet,
with a little of the heaviness of male destiny upon him.(47)
7.His voice had so much anger and contempt and fury in it as he spoke to
Banford: and so much tenderness and proud authority as he spoke to March. (49)
8.And the signal paralysed her. It beat upon her very soul, and made her
helpless.(50)
9.Since he had realized that she was a woman, and vulnerable, accessible, a
certain heaviness had possessed his soul. (51)
10.?Oh, you‘ve settled it, have you! Well, I hope you won‘t live to repent it,‘
said Banford. (54)
11.S o the boy‘s eyes stared fixedly as the train drew away, and she was left
feeling intensely forlorn. (55)
12.H e took no heed of all March‘s outpouring: none. (57)
13.Away across, on the green horizontal approach, a figure was just
swinging on to a bicycle again, and lurching up and down over the grass, approaching. (59)
14.March craned her head to look. She alone recognized the khaki figure.
She flushed, but said nothing.(59)
15.?Well, I must say, we weren‘t expecting you,‘ said Banford laconically.
(60)
16.?No, it‘s just possible the tree might, though,‘ he answered soberly. (63)
17.There was a moment of pure, motionless suspense, when the world
seemed to stand still. (63)
18.He stood up. March was standing there petrified and absolutely
motionless. (64)
19.And in her dark, vacant eyes was a sort of wound, and her face looked a
little peaked. (65)
1. …and the farm on her hands for four years more by the lease, with half the stock on it dead, or sold off one by one to pay the more pressing debts, and with no money to purchase more, or even to buy the provisions needed for the small consumption of every day.
2. …his coming seemed to loosen the tears, and she cried day and night, till my aunt and the other watcher looked at each other in dismay, and would fain have stopped her if they had but known how.
3. And then she threw herself on my aunt‘s neck, and told her that William Preston had asked her to marry him, and had promised to take good charge of her boy, and to let him want for nothing, neither in the way of keep nor of education, and that she had consented.
4. One day, he gave way to his temper, and cursed and swore at Gregory, who had got into some mischief, as children will;
5. But he was a man who liked better to be angry than sorry, so he soon found out that it was all Gregory‘s fault, and owed him an additional grudge for having hastened my birth.
6. After a time, I overcame my original weakness of constitution, and was just a bonny, strong-looking lad whom every passer-by noticed, when my father took me with him to the nearest town.
7. and utterly unreasonable as this may seem, I believe my father rather cherished his feeling of alienation to my brother as a duty, than strove to repress it.
8. but the habit of being considered in all things, and being treated as something uncommon and superior, made me insolent in my prosperity, and I exacted more than Gregory was always willing to grant, and then, irritated, I sometimes repeated the disparaging words I had heard others use with regard to him, without fully understanding their meaning.
9. ―I can go no farther,‖ I said, in a drowsy tone. I remember I suddenly became dogged and resolved.
10. A look passed from one to another —my father‘s stern old face strove in vain to keep its sternness; his mouth quivered, his eyes filled slowly with unwonted tears.
11. How, on that fatal night, my father —irritated by my prolonged
absence, and probably more anxious than he cared to show, had been fierce and imperious, even beyond his wont, to Gregory; had upbraided him with his father‘s poverty, his o wn stupidity which made his services good for nothing.
必修1 Unit 1 △ survey n.调查；测验 add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt. （upset, upset）使不安；使心烦 ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视 calm vt. & vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm（…）down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来have got to 不得不；必须 concern vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到 n.担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose adj .松的；松开的 △ vet n. 兽医 go through 经历；经受 △ Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（何二首都） Netherla nds n.荷兰（西欧国家） △ Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 Germa n adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的 n .德国人；德语 △ Nazi n. 纳粹党人 adj.纳粹党的 set dow n 记下；放下；登记 series n. 连续；系列 a series of 一连串的；一系歹U; —套 △ Kitty n .基帝（女名） outdoors adv.在户外；在野外 spellb ind vt. (spellbo und, spellbo und) 迷住；迷惑 on purpose 故意 in order to 为了…… dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thu nder vi.打雷；雷鸣 n .雷；雷声 en tire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 vt.使定居；安排；解决 suffer vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历suffer from 遭受；患病 △ Ion eli ness n.孤单；寂寞 highway n. 公路；大路 recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得 get/be tired of 对……厌烦 pack vi. & vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n. 小包；包裹 pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱 △ Margot n. 玛戈（女名） Overcoat n. 大衣；外套 tee nager n. 十几岁的青少年 get along with 与……相处；进展 △ gossip vi. &n.闲话；闲谈 fall in love 丿相爱；爱上 exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地disagree vi. 不同意 grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的dislike n. & vt.不喜欢；厌恶 join in 参加；加入 tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费 vt. 倾斜；翻倒 power n. 能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtai n n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty adj. 积满灰尘的 no longer/not …any Ion ger 不 再 part ner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 adv.完全地；全然地；整个地en tirely
普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Unit 2 English around the world The road to modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to your apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually, all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first, the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The America Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different from “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighboring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.
A access/ ‘?kses/ n.接近；通道，入口accidental/ ?ksi’dentl/ a.偶然的；非本质的accommodate/ ?’k?m?deit/ vt.容纳；供应，供给accommodation/ ?,k?m?’dei??n/ n.招待设备；预定铺位accordance/ ?’k?r:d?ns/ n.一致；和谐；授予accordingly/ ?’k?r:di?li/ ad.因此，所以；照着account/ ?’kaunt/ n.记述；解释；帐目 address / ?’dres/ n.地址；演说；谈吐adequate/ ‘?dikwit/ a.足够的；可以胜任的advisable/ ?d’vaiz?bl/ n.明智的；可取的 age/ eid?/ vt.变老 alloy/‘?l?i, ?’l?i/ n.合金；(金属的)成色aluminium/ ?lju’minj?m/ n.铝 anchor/‘??k?/ n.锚vi.抛锚，停泊 anticipate/ ?n’tisipeit/ vt.预料，预期，期望apparatus/ ,?p?’reit?s/ n.器械，仪器；器官appetite/‘?pitait/ n.食欲，胃口；欲望appliance/ ?’plai?ns/ n.用具，器具，器械applicable/‘?plik?bl/ a.能应用的；适当的 article/‘a:tikl/ n.条款；物品
assemble/ ?’sembl/ vt.集合，召集；装配assembly/ ?’sembli/ n.集合；集会；装配assure/ ?’?u?/ vt.使确信；向…保证atom/ ‘?t?m/ n.原子；微粒；微量attribute/ ‘?tribju:t/ vt.把…归因于n.属性automobile/‘?:t?m?bi:l/ n.汽车，机动车auxiliary/ ?:g’zilj?ri/ a.辅助的；附属的 B bang/ b??/ n.巨响，枪声；猛击barrel/‘b?r?l/ n.桶；圆筒；枪管battery/‘b?t?ri/ n.电池；一套，一组bay/ bei/ n.湾；山脉中的凹处 beam/ bi:m/ n.梁；横梁；束，柱behalf/ bi’ha:f/ n.利益，维护，支持bind/ baind/ vt.捆绑；包扎；装钉biscuit/ ‘biskit/ n.(英)饼干；(美)软饼blade/ bleid/ n.刀刃，刀片；叶片blend/ blend/ vt.&vi.&n.混和 bold/ b?uld/ a.大胆的；冒失的 bolt/ b?ult/ n.螺栓；插销vt.闩门bond/ b?nd/ n.联结，联系；公债
人教新课标模块3教材分析 ——西北工业大学附属中学 由国家教育部制定并颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》明确规定高中英语课程应使学生在义务教育阶段学习的基础上进一步明确英语学习的目的，发展自主学习能力和合作精神；在加强对学生综合语言运用能力培养的同时，注重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及用英语进行思维和表达的能力；高中英语课程还应根据学生的个性特征和发展的需要，为他们提供丰富的选择机会和充分的表现空间。通过高中英语课程的学习，使学生的语言运用能力进一步得到提高，国际视野更加宽广，爱国主义精神和民族使命感进一步增强，为他们的为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。人教新课标这套教材每一个模块有五个教学单元。每个单元围绕一个主要的话题开展听说读写的活动，共分九个部分。“热身”（warming up）---主要通过问卷调查，看图讨论，情景听说，思考问题等多种形式的活动，激发学生的学习兴趣，激活其已有的知识，使学生能运用自己已有的知识和经验思考该单元的中心话题。“读前”(Pre-reading)---设置问题启发学生预测课文的内容，展开简短的讨论，以便通过阅读验证自己的推测。“阅读”（Reading)---为各单元的主要阅读语篇，题材和体裁多种多样，承载该单元的话题重要信息，以及大部分词汇和主要的语法结构。“理解”（Comprehending）---用以检测学生对阅读课文的理解程度。“语言学习” (Learning about Language)---采用发现和探究的方法启发学生自己找出书中的重要语言项目，培养学生初步运用这些语言的技能。“语言运用”(Using Language)---围绕中心话题的听说读写的综合性练习，包括了Listening and speaking & Reading and writing。“小结”(Summing Up)---要求学生自己小结从各单元中学到的内容，生词和习惯用语以及语法结构。“学习建议”(Learning Tip)---培养学习策略，优化学习方式，提高自主学习的能力。“趣味阅读”(Reading for Fun)---满足学生的兴趣需求，体现教材的选择性和拓展性。 以上是普通高中英语课程标准（实验稿）对课程目标的解读。下面，我们将从教材的使用者的角度，结合在教材使用过程中学生对教材的反应情况，主要针对模块教材整体，从模块和单元知识结构，模块和单元内容发生发展过程，模块和单元知识学习意义，模块和单元教学建议与学法指导说明四个方面浅略地谈一下自己的见解，以期与各位同行共同探讨更好地掌握、运用好英语课程标准。
Unit 1 Great scientists JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London – so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONARY THEORY Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in
必修1 Unit 1 △survey n.调查；测验 add up合计 upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 calm vt. & vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm(…)down（使）平静下来；（使） 镇定下来 have got to不得不；必须 concern vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose adj.松的；松开的 △vet n.兽医 go through经历；经受 △Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Netherlands n.荷兰（西欧国家） △Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 German adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的n．德国人；德语 △Nazi n.纳粹党人 adj.纳粹党的 set down记下；放下；登记 series n.连续；系列 a series of一连串的；一系列；一套△Kitty n.基蒂（女名） outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外 △spellbind vt. (spellbound, spellbound) 迷住；迷惑 on purpose 故意 in order to为了…… dusk n.黄昏；傍晚 at dusk在黄昏时刻 thunder vi.打雷；雷鸣 n．雷；雷声 entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地power n.能力；力量；权力 face to face面对面地 curtain n.窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty adj.积满灰尘的 no longer/not…any longer不再……partner n.伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 suffer vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历suffer from遭受；患病 △loneliness n.孤单；寂寞 highway n.公路；大路 recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得get/be tired of对……厌烦 pack vi. & vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n.小包；包裹 pack (sth) up将（东西）装箱打包suitcase n.手提箱；衣箱 △Margot n.玛戈（女名） Overcoat n.大衣；外套 teenager n.十几岁的青少年 get along with与……相处；进展 △gossip vi. & n.闲话；闲谈 fall in love相爱；爱上 exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地disagree vi.不同意 grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的dislike n. & vt.不喜欢；厌恶 join in参加；加入 tip n.提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt.倾斜；翻倒 △secondly adv.第二；其次 swap vt.交换 item n.项目；条款 Unit 2 △subway n.地下人行道；<美>地铁elevator n.电梯；升降机 petrol n. <英>汽油（=<美>gasoline）gas n.汽油；气体；煤气；毒气official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的voyage n.航行；航海 △conquer vt.征服；占领
1.必修三Unit1 Festivals and celebrations节日和庆典 Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. 最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割。Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals. 有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们会挨饿。Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. 现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。 Festivals of the Dead亡灵节 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。For the Japanese festival. Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. 他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. 他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居家要糖吃。If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。 Festivals to Honour People纪念名人的节日 Festivals can also be held to honour famous people . 也有纪念名人的节日。The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. 中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World. 美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. 印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。 Harvest Festivals庆丰收的节日 Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. 收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. 越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. 在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy