2014广州16中一模
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2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试一文科数学第Ⅰ卷(共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10个小题,每小题5分,满分50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.函数()()ln 1f x x =+的定义域为( )A.(),1-∞-B.(),1-∞C.()1,-+∞D.()1,+∞ 2.已知i 是虚数单位,若()234m i i +=-,则实数m 的值为( )A.2-B.2±C. D.2 3.在ABC ∆中,角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别为a 、b 、c ,若2C B =,则cb为( ) A.2sin C B.2cos B C.2sin B D.2cos C 4.圆()()22121x y -+-=关于直线y x =对称的圆的方程为( )A.()()22211x y -+-= B.()()22121x y ++-= C.()()22211x y ++-= D.()()22121x y -++=5.已知1x >-,则函数11y x x =++的最小值为( ) A.1- B.0 C.1 D.2 6.函数()21xf x x =+的图象大致是( )7.已知非空集合M 和N ,规定{}M N x x M x N -=∈∉且,那么()M M N --等于( ) A.MN B.M N C.M D.N8.任取实数a 、[]1,1b ∈-,则a 、b 满足22a b -≤的概率为( )A.18 B.14 C.34 D.789.设a 、b 是两个非零向量,则使a b a b ⋅=⋅成立的一个必要非充分的条件是( )A.a b =B.a b ⊥C.()0a b λλ=>D.//a b 10.在数列{}n a 中,已知11a =,()11sin 2n nn a a π++-=,记nS为数列{}n a 的前n 项和,则2014S =( )A.1006B.1007C.1008D.1009第Ⅱ卷(共100分)二、填空题(本大题共5小题,考生作答4小题,,每小题5分,满分20分)11.执行如图1所示的程序框图,若输出7S =,则输入()k k N *∈的值为 .12.一个四棱锥的底面为菱形,其三视图如图2所示,则这个四棱锥的体积是 .图2侧(左)视图正(主)视图13.由空间向量()1,2,3a =,()1,1,1b=-构成的向量集合{},A x x a kb k Z==+∈,则向量x的模x的最小值为.(二)选做题(14~15题,考生只能从中选做一题)14.(坐标系与参数方程选做题)在极坐标系中,直线()sin cos aρθθ-=与曲线2cos4sinρθθ=-相交于A、B两点,若AB=a的值为.15.(几何证明选讲选做题)如图3,PC是圆O的切线,切点为点C,直线PA与圆O交于A、B两点,APC∠的角平分线交弦CA、CB于D、E两点,已知3PC=,2PB=,则PEPD的值为.三、解答题(本大题共6小题,满分80分.解答写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)16.(本小题满分12分)已知某种同型号的6瓶饮料中有2瓶已过了保质期.(1)从6瓶饮料中任意抽取1瓶,求抽到没过保质期的饮料的概率;(2)从6瓶饮料中随机抽取2瓶,求抽到已过保质期的饮料的概率.17.(本小题满分12分)已知函数()sin cos f x x a x =+的图象经过点,03π⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭. (1)求实数a 的值;(2)设()()22g x f x =-⎡⎤⎣⎦,求函数()g x 的最小正周期与单调递增区间.18.(本小题满分14分)如图4,在棱长为a 的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,点E 是棱1D D 的中点,点F 在棱1B B 上,且满足12B F BF =. (1)求证:11EF A C ⊥;(2)在棱1C C 上确定一点G ,使A 、E 、G 、F 四点共面,并求此时1C G 的长; (3)求几何体ABFED 的体积.图4D 1C 1B 1A 1FE DCBA19.(本小题满分14分)已知等差数列{}n a 的首项为10,公差为2,数列{}n b 满足62n n nb a n =-,n N *∈. (1)求数列{}n a 与{}n b 的通项公式;(2)记{}max ,n n n c a b =,求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n S . (注:{}max ,a b 表示a 与b 的最大值.)20.(本小题满分14分)已知函数()32693f x x x x =-+-.(1)求函数()f x 的极值;(2)定义:若函数()h x 在区间[](),s t s t <上的取值范围为[],s t ,则称区间[],s t 为函数()h x 的“域同区间”.试问函数()f x 在()3,+∞上是否存在“域同区间”?若存在,求出所有符合条件的“域同区间”;若不存在,请说明理由.21.(本小题满分14分)已知双曲线()222:104x y E a a -=>的中心为原点O ,左、右焦点分别为1F 、2F ,离心率为5,点P 是直线23a x =上任意一点,点Q 在双曲线E 上,且满足220PF QF ⋅=.(1)求实数a 的值;(2)证明:直线PQ 与直线OQ 的斜率之积是定值;(3)若点P 的纵坐标为1,过点P 作动直线l 与双曲线右支交于不同的两点M 、N ,在线段MN 上去异于点M 、N 的点H ,满足PM MH PNHN=,证明点H 恒在一条定直线上.。
试卷第1页,共7页绝密★启用前广东省广州市越秀协作组2014年中考一模数学试题试卷副标题考试范围:xxx ;考试时间:75分钟;命题人:xxx学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________注意事项.1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)一、选择题(题型注释)1、4的平方根为( ).A .2B .±2C .4D .±42、如图所示的几何体的主视图是( ).A .B .C .D .3、如果代数式有意义,那么x 的取值范围是( ).A .x ≥0B .x ≠1C .x >0D .x ≥0且x ≠14、已知一个圆锥的底面半径为3cm ,母线长为10cm ,则这个圆锥的侧面积为( ).试卷第2页,共7页A .30πcm 2B .50πcm 2C .60πcm 2D .3πcm 25、如图,将△AOB 绕点O 按逆时针方向旋转45°后得到△A 'OB ',若∠AOB=15°,则∠AOB '的度数是( ).A .25°B .30°C .35°D .40°6、一次函数的大致图像为( ).A .B .C .D .7、如图,四个边长为1的小正方形拼成一个大正方形,A 、B 、O 是小正方形顶点,⊙O 的半径为1,P 是⊙O 上的点,且位于右上方的小正方形内,则∠APB 等于( ).A. 30°B. 45°C. 60°D. 90°8、关于的二次函数,下列说法正确的是( ).A .图象的开口向上B .图象与轴的交点坐标为(0,2)C .当时,随的增大而减小 D .图象的顶点坐标是(-1,2)试卷第3页,共7页9、如图,直角三角形纸片ABC 中,AB=3,AC=4,D 为斜边BC 中点,第1次将纸片折叠,使点A 与点D 重合,折痕与AD 交与点P 1;设P 1D 的中点为D 1,第2次将纸片折叠,使点A 与点D 1重合,折痕与AD 交于点P 2;设P 2D 1的中点为D 2,第3次将纸片折叠,使点A 与点D 2重合,折痕与AD 交于点P 3;…;如此类推,则AP 6的长为( ).A .B .C .D .10、对于样本数据1,2,3,2,2,以下判断:①平均数为5;②中位数为2;③众数为2;④极差为2.正确的有( ).A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个试卷第4页,共7页第II 卷(非选择题)二、填空题(题型注释)11、点A (0,3)向右平移2个单位长度后所得的点A’的坐标为_____.12、如图,△与△是位似图形,相似比为2∶3,已知=4,则的长为____.13、化简:____.14、如图,防水堤坝的轴截面是等腰梯形,,,,,,则斜坡的坡角为_____度.15、已知,是关于x 的一元二次方程x 2+(2m +3)x +m 2=0的两个不相等的实数根,且满足=﹣1,则m 的值是____.16、已知空气的单位体积质量为0.00124克/厘米3,将0.00124克/厘米3用科学计数法表示为三、解答题(题型注释)试卷第5页,共7页17、为支持失学儿童,某中学计划用“义捐义卖”活动中筹集的部分资金用于购买A,B 两种型号的学习用品共1000件,已知A 型学习用品的单价为20元,B 型学习用品的单价为30元.(1)若购买这批学习用品用了26000元,则购买A,B 两种学习用品各多少件? (2)若购买这批学习用品的钱不超过28000元,则最多能购买B 型学习用品多少件?18、解方程:.19、如图,已知□ABCD .(1)作图:延长BC ,并在BC 的延长线上截取线段CE ,使得CE =BC.(用尺规作图法,保留作图痕迹,不要求写作法);(2)在(1)的条件下,连结AE ,交CD 于点F ,求证:△AFD ≌△EFC .20、已知且,求代数式的值.21、小强对自己所在班级的48名学生平均每周参加课外活动的时间进行了调查,由调查结果绘制了频数分布直方图,根据图中信息回答下列问题: (1)求m 的值;(2)从参加课外活动时间在6~10小时的5名学生中随机选取2人,请你用列表或画树状图的方法,求其中至少有1人课外活动时间在8~10小时的概率.22、如图,在菱形ABCD 中,AB =2,∠BAD =60º,AC 交BD 于点O ,以点D 为圆心的⊙D 与边AB 相切于点E .试卷第6页,共7页(1)求AC 的长;(2)求证:⊙D 与边BC 也相切.23、如图,四边形ABCD 为正方形.点A 的坐标为(0,2),点B 的坐标为(0,﹣3),反比例函数 的图象经过点C .(1)求反比例函数的解析式;(2)若点P 是反比例函数图象上的一点,△PAD 的面积恰好等于正方形ABCD 的面积,求点P 的坐标.24、如图1,在半径为2的扇形AOB 中,∠AOB =90°,点C 是上的一个动点(不与点A 、B 重合)OD ⊥BC ,OE ⊥AC ,垂足分别为点D 、点E . (1)当BC =1时,求线段OD 的长;(2)在点C 的运动过程中,△DOE 中是否存在长度保持不变的边或度数保持不变的角?如果存在,请指出并求其长度或度数(只求一种即可);如果不存在,请说明理由; (3)作DF ⊥OE 于点F (如图2),当DF 2+EF 取得最大值时,求sin ∠BOD 的值.试卷第7页,共7页25、如图,已知直线l :与y 轴交于点A ,抛物线经过点A ,其顶点为B ,另一抛物线(h >1)的顶点为D ,两抛物线相交于点C ,(1)求点B 的坐标,并判断点D 是否在直线l 上,请说明理由; (2)设交点C 的横坐标为m . ①请探究m 关于h 的函数关系式;②连结AC 、CD ,若∠ACD =90°,求m 的值.参考答案1、B2、D3、D4、A5、B6、C7、B8、C9、A10、C11、(2,3)12、613、a﹣114、6015、316、17、(1)购买A型学习用品400件,购买B型学习用品600件;(2)最多购买B型学习用品800件.18、x = 919、(1)作图解析;(2)证明见解析.20、2.21、(1)12;(2)22、(1)6;(2)证明见解析23、(1);(2)点P 的坐标为(,12)或(,﹣8).24、(1);(2)存在,DE的长度是不变的。
16中2014学年第二学期期中检测初一数学试题命题人:吴晓明审核人:徐●●友情提示:亲爱的同学,这份考卷将再次展示你的学识与才华,只要你认真、细心、精心、耐心,一定会做好的,准备好,迎接挑战吧!第Ⅰ卷一、精心选一选,相信自己的判断力!(共10题3分每题,共30分)1.如图所示,四幅汽车标志设计中,能通过平移得到的是()2.点()35P -,所在的象限是()A .第一象限B .第二象限C .第三象限D .第四象限3.在实数lp0:3.14159,1.010010001…,4.21,n ,22中,无理数的有()A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个4.需一直角三角板与两边平行的硬纸条如图所示放置,下列结论:(1)12∠=∠;(2)34∠=∠;(3)2490∠+∠=︒;(4)45180∠=∠=︒其中正确的个数是()A .1B .2C .3D .45.如图,1∠与2∠是同位角,若163∠=︒,则2∠的大小是()A .27︒B .63︒C .27︒或63︒D .不能确定6.下列命题中是真的命题的是()A .若0ab >,则00a b >>,B .若0ab <,则00a b <<,C .若0ab =,则0a =且0b =D .若0ab =,则0a =或0b =7.已知x ,y 满足方程组2827x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩,则x y +的值是()A .3B .5C .7D .98.如图,一条公路修到湖边时,需拐弯绕湖而过,如果第一交人拐的角A ∠是120︒,第二次拐的角8∠是150︒,第三次拐的角是C ∠,这时的道路恰好和第一次拐弯之前的道路平行,则C ∠是()A .150︒B .140︒C .130︒D .120︒9.小张只带了20元和50元两种面值的钱币,他要买一件270元的商品,而商店没有找零,他想恰好付270元,那么他的付款方式有()A .1种B .2种C .3种D .4种10.关于x ,y 的方程组10210x ay bx y ++=⎧⎨-+=⎩有无数组解,则a ,b 的值为()A .00a b ==,B .21a b =-=,C .21a b ==-,D .21a b ==,二、认真填一填,试试自已的身手!(本大题共6小题,3分每题,共18分)11.若3223511m n n x y --+=是二元一次方程,则5m n +=__________.12,则这个数是__________.13.在代数式2x ax b ++中,当2x =,它的值为3,当2x =-时,它的值为19,则a =__________,b =__________.14.若x ,y 为实数,且满足30x -+=,则2013y x ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭__________.15.如图,点E 在AC 的延长线上,对于给出的四个条件:(1)34∠=∠;(2)12∠=∠;(3)A DCE ∠=∠;(4)180D ABD ∠+∠=︒.能判断AB CD ∥的有__________.(请写上正确的编号)15题图16.右图为手的示意图,在各个手指间标记字母A 、B 、D 、D .请你按图中箭冰所指方向(A B C D C B A B C →→→→→→→→→ 的方式)从A 开始数连续的正整数1,2,3,4…,当数到12时,对应的字母是__________;当字母C 第201次出现时,恰好数到的数是__________;当字母C 第21n +次出现时(n 为正整数),恰好数到的数是__________(用含n 的代数式表示).三、专心解一解(本大题共8小题,满分72分)请认真读题,冷静思考,解答题应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.计算(每题3分共12分)(一定要有必要的解答过程)(1252516121+-(233812564-+.(3422329--+18.(本题满分12分)解方程或方程组(1)32325x y x y -=⎧⎨+=⎩(2)()()3221421412x y y x x -+=⎧⎪⎨-+=-⎪⎩(3)()2125x -=19.(本题满分6分)如图,已知:1250D ∠=∠∠=︒,,求B ∠的度数.20.(本题满分6分)如图,P 点是ABC ∠内一点,PE BC ∥交AB 于E .画图:(1)过点P 画BC 的垂线,D 是垂足.(2)过点P 画BA 的平行线交BC 于点F .(3)若43B ∠=︒,那么FPD ∠的度数是多少?(直接写出答案)22.(本题满分8分)甲、乙两人同时解二元一次方程7ax by -=,甲求出一组解为34x y =⎧⎨=⎩;而乙把7ax by -=中的7看错成了1,求得一组解为12x y =⎧⎨=⎩,求a 、b 的值.21.(本题满分8分)如图,1C ∠=∠,290D ∠+∠=︒,BE FD ⊥于G .试证明:AB CD ∥23.(本题满分8分)小王决定在暑假期间到工厂打工,一天他到某厂了解情况,下面是厂方有关人员的谈话内容:厂长说:我厂实行计件工资制,就是在发给每人相同生活费基础上,每生产一件产品得一定的工资,超过500件,超过部分每件再增加0.5元;工人甲说:我上个月完成了450件产品,月收入是2850元;工人乙说:我上个月完成了300件产品,月收入是2100元.根据上述内容,完成下面问题:(1)设该厂工人每生产一件产品得a 元,每月生活费为b 元,求a ,b 的值;(2)厂长决定聘王明,由于王明工作非常认真,一个月收入3166元,问他该月的产量是多少?24.(本题满分12分)如图,已知直线12l l ∥,且3l 和1l 、2l 分别交于A 、B 两点,●和1l 、2l 分别交于D 、C 两点,点P 在直线AB 上.(1)试找出()1ADP ∠∠、()2BCP ∠∠、()3DPC ∠∠之间的关系并说明理由;(2)当点P 在A 、B 两点间运动时,问1∠、2∠、3∠之间的关系是否发生变化?(3)如果点P 在A 、B 两点外侧运动时,试探究1∠、2∠、3∠之间的关系.(点P 和A 、B 不重合,要画出图形,对应写出结论即可)。
2014广州市越秀区16中初三一模英语试卷单项选择1.Kate is ______________ university student and she comes from _________ island in Malaysia.A. a, aB. an, anC. a; anD. an; the2. Don’t read _________ the sun. It’s bad __________ your eyes.A. under, toB. in, toC. under, forD. in, for3. You can hardly catchy the last train now, ___________?A. can’t youB. can youC. do youD. don’t you4. I can’t believe it! We have _________ safely, after so many difficulties.A. arrivedB. reachedC. got toD. arrived in5. It was foolish _________ you ____________ the test without preparation.A. for, to takeB. of, takingC. for, takingD. of, to take6. --- We’re going to fly to Paris. What about you?--- We haven’t decided _____ our summer holiday.A.where to spendB. where should we spendC. that we should spendD. which to spend7. --- __________ I put the rubbish here?--- No, you ______. Look at the sign over there.A.May, needn’tB. Can, mustn’tC. May, don’tD. Can, don’t8. I finally came back to the house ________ I used to live for fifteen years.A. thatB. whichC. /D. where9. The supermarket _______ since two weeks ago.A. was openB. was openedC. has been openD. has been opened10. I often see them ___________ football in the school sports field.A. practice playingB. practicing playingC. practice to playD. practicing to playAs teenagers, you have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize, ___1___ they can be small. You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class.Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Do you ever try to make your dream____2___?Follow Your Heart by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that making our dreams real islife's biggest challenge.You may think you're not very good at some school subjects, or that it is impossible for you ___3___ a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you from getting your dream, the book says.In fact, everyone can make ___4___ dream come true. ___5___ first thing you must do is to remember the dream in your mind.Don't let it leave your heart. Keep ___6___ yourself what you want. Do this step by step and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is made up of many small ones.There ___7___ difficulties on the road to your dreams. But the biggest one ___8___ from yourself. You need to decide what is the most important. Studying instead of watching TV will lead ___9___ better exam results. As you get ___10___ to your dream, it may change a little. This is good as you have the chance to learn more skills and find new interests.1. A. as B. but C. for D. or2. A. real B. reality C. really D. realize3. A. becomes B. to become C. becoming D. become4. A. his B. its C. their D. ours5. A. Some B. A C. The D. /6. A. to tell B. tells C. telling D. told7. A. will be B. will have C. have D. has8. A. come B. has come C. came D. comes9. A. by B. to C. in D. with10.A. closely B. closing C. closed D. closerMrs. Robson put down the phone and crossed the hall into the living-room. It had not been an easy telephone call for her to ___1___. Her daughter had been very kind, of course, and had immediately agreed to pick her ___2___, but Mrs Robson ___3___ to say that she needed help. Since her husband had died, she had decided to live in their little house alone --- and had ___4___to go and live with her daughter.But on this evening, she was standing at her living – room window, ___5___ out at the “SOLD”notice at small front garden. Her feelings were ___6___. Certainly she was ___7___ at the thought of leaving the hou4se, as it was full of so many memories ___8___ at the same time, she was looking forward to spending her last year near the sea, back in the little ___9___ town where she had been born. With the money from the selling of the house, she had bought a little flat there.She turn from the living –room window, and looked round at the room. It was almost ___10___. There was only a small fish-tank, with two goldfish swimming in it. Taking a last glance (一瞥) at the empty living – room. Mrs. Robson went upstairs to bed.1. A. make B. receive C. take D. have2. A. on B. up C. at D. over3. A. loved B. wanted C. hated D. decided4. A. asked B. preferred C. managed D. refused5. A. staring B. seeing C. pointing D. walking6. A. sad B. dead C. mixed D. simple7. A. angry B. sad C. happy D. worried8. A. And B. So C. But D. Or9. A. seaside B. roadside C. mountain D. far away10.A. broken B. messy C. full D. empty(A)One day I was walking down a Mexican beach at the sunset as I walked along, I saw another man in the distance. I noticed that the local native kept leaning down, picking something up and throwing it out into the water Time and again he kept throwing things into the ocean.As I get closer, I noticed that the man was picking up starfish that had been washed up on the beach and, one at a time, he was throwing them back into the water.I was puzzled. I went up to the man and said, "Good evening, friend. I was wondering what you are doing".“I’m throwing these starfish back into the ocean. You see,it’s low tide right now and all of these starfish have been washed up onto the shore. If I don’t throw them back into the sea,they’ll die up here.”“I understand ,” I replied,“but there must be thousands of starfish on this beach. You can’t possibly get to all of them. There are simply too many. And don’t you realize this is probably happening on hundreds of beaches all up and down this coast. Can’t you see that you can’t possibly make a difference?”The man smiled, bent down and picked up yet another starfish, and as he threw it back into the sea, he replied, “Make a difference to that one!”1.Why was the writer of the story puzzled when he first saw the man throwing starfish back intothe ocean?A.He didn’t know what fish he was throwing back into the ocean.B.He didn’t understand why he was throwing the starfish.C.He thought that the man should not throw starfish one at a time.D.He thought that starfish should not be thrown back into the sea.2.Why was the man throwing starfish back into the sea?A.He did not know what he was doing.B.He was just throwing starfish for fun.C.He was throwing the starfish to save their lives.D.He thought only starfish must be thrown back into the sea.3.When the writer said, “Can’t you see that you can’t possibly make a difference?”, he wassuggesting that the man was__________________.A.doing something very interestingB.Very clever in what he was doingC.Doing nothing interestingD.Doing something meaningless4.What kind of impression of the man is the story trying to create?A.A man full of love for nature.B.Just an ordinary man.C.A man very different from others.D.A man difficult to understand.5.What is the writer trying to tell us in this story?A.There is no difference between saving one or two lives and none at all.B.There is a great difference between human and animal lives.C.You can’t make any difference when you are saving just one life.D.You can always make a difference even when you are saving just one life.(B)Some animals are pets, some are wild, and many of them provide us with food. All have a different and important role in our lives.It is easy to forget that the steak at the supermarket once formed part of a steer. But without domestic animals such as chickens and cattle, we would all be vegetarians, or a great deal of our time would need to be spent hunting.Wild animals attract sport hunters. For some people they are even an important source of food. When urban people visit the wild, deer, bears, and other wild animals remind them of an older way of life.Pets, however, are the animals that are especially significant for most of us. They are undemanding companions; they love us when we are not at our best. A pet can be a great comfort when life seems hard.For children, pets can be both fun and instructive. If a child cares for a pet, he or she learns to take responsibility for another being. Watching kittens or puppies being born can be a natural form of sex education. For children, as for adults, pets are loving companions and a help in tough times.An Indian chief once said, "Without our brothers, the animals, we would all be very lonely." I believe he was right.1.What is this article mainly about?A.Man and animals.B. Wild animals and pets.C. Different kinds of animalsD. Wild animals and hunters2.In Paragraph 2, the underlined words “domestic animals” mean _______________.A.肉食动物B. 素食动物C. 野生动物D. 家畜3. In paragraph 3, the phrase “an older way of life” refers to ____________.A.an important way of lifeB. a life without petsC. a very different way of lifeD. a life depending on hunting4.Pets are important in our lives because they _______________.A.provide us with foodB. are domestic animalsC. can be our good friendsD. can be very attractive5.What does the Indian chief mean in saying “without our brothers, the animals, we would allbe very lonelyA.Animals can be very lonely if they don’t live with us.B.Animals are so important to us that we cannot live without them.C.We would all be very lonely without pets.Nowadays, people are trying to solve the energy problem in three ways. The first is to produce more energy by increasing common sources. This means more nuclear power stations (原子能发电站), more money spent looking for oil and gas, and more coal taken from the ground. The problem with these energy sources is that they are not renewable(可再生的).The other two ways are energy conservation and the use of renewable energy sources. Energy conservationThis means using energy without waste. it does not mean that our houses are colder and we have no light at night. It does mean that we do not waste the energy we use.Sweden is a country which imports(进口) 70% of its energy. Its people know the cost of energy and the importance of not wasting it. In Uppsala, temperatures are often below zero degrees. There, a man has built a house which he pays only twenty - five pounds a year to heat. The reason for this is insulation(绝缘). Insulation really means placing material between the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold out and the warmth in. The house is heated by the body of the people inside it, and by the heat from the lights and the other equipment in the house. Renewable formsThese are often expensive to develop, and there are problems. Solar energy, for example, is not always available because the sun moves about the sky and there are many days when the weather is very bad.There is one source, however, which may become very important. This is geothermal energy or heat from the inside of the Earth. To move the heat, water would be pumped down into the rocks and back up to the surface. Heat from the earth is already used in certain parts of Iceland and New Zealand.When we have learnt how to use it properly, the Earth itself, together with the seas, the wind and the sun will almost certainly provide us with all the energy that we shall very need.1.According to the passage, common energy sources in the world are ________________.A.reusedB. wastedC. limitedD. rich2.Sweden is a country _______________.A.where everyone knows how to build a house.B.Which is short of energy sources.C.Where all the houses are built with insulation.D.Which is rich enough to import energy sources.3.Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?A.Solar energy is not always available.B.It’s too expensive to develop renewable energy sources.C.Geothermal energy will become one of the important energy sources.D.The wind is a renewable energy source.4.The under word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _______________.A.solar energyB. waterC. geothermal energyD. energy5.According to the passage, it can be concluded(推论出) that __________________.A.energy problem will become more serious in the futureB.It is still difficult for people to solve energy problems todayC.Geothermal energy will be used instead of other energy sourcesD.Energy problems will be solve someday in the futureVisasTravelers to France must have a valid passport(有效护照). Visitors from EEC(欧共体)countries and America do not need visas, but visitors from other countries should contact the nearest French consulate(领事馆) or tourist office about getting one before travelling.ArrivalYou could arrive at one of the two airports serving Paris.Charles de Gaulle is bigger and more modern. You can take a comfortable and inexpensive Air France bus to Porte Millot in the 16th district, then take a bus, the Metro or a taxi to your hotel. There are also city buses(No.350 and 351)which go into Eastern Paris, Nation and the Gare de Train Station. A taxi takes about 40 or 50 minutes to reach the centre, and costs about 170 Francs , Add another 30 minutes for rush hours.Orly is the other major airport, which have mostly domestic(国内的) flights. Air France buses go to the Invalides Terminal, a convenient drop off place, where you can take the Metro or RER directly.A city bus(Orly bus) comes into the southern end of Paris at the Denfer-Rochereau Metro Station every 15 minutes. A taxi ride, not during rush hour, take 30-40 minutes and costs about 120 Francs.If you arrive at a train station, you can follow the clearly posted signs towards the Metro or taxi stands.MoneyMany banks in Paris will change cash or travelers’ checks, and there are no special differences in rates (比率). Banking hours are 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on weekdays. The exchanges window at the Gare du Nord is open until 10 p.m. on weekdays, and other station banks are open until 8 p.m. There are automatic (自动的) exchange machines at the opera (the BNP Bank) and at No.66 on the Champs – Elysees that will change other bills into France International VISA cards can be used in automatic tellers at many city banks.If you lose your credit card, here are some hotline numbers: American Express (Tel:4777-7200); Diner Club (Tel: 4762-7575); Carte Bleu Visa (Tel:4277-1190)1. Who do not need a visa when visiting France?A. GermansB. AustraliansC. ChineseD. Japanese2. It will take you about __________ from Charles de Gaulle Airport to the centre of Paris by car during the rush hour.A. 30 minutesB. 10 minutesC. 50 minutesD. 70 minutes3. If you want to go the southern end of Paris, you’d better take _________.A. a No. 351 busB. a No. 350 busC. an Orly busD. an Air France bus4.Money can be exchanged in ______________.B. many banks after 4:30 p.m.C. Gare du Nord after 10 p.m.D. an automatic exchange machines at any time.5. From the passage we can learn that ____________.A. there are many tourists in Paris every year.B. during rush hours there are traffic jams in ParisC. the best time for tourists to visit Paris is during weekdaysD. it is not very convenient for tourists to go to Paris by train单词拼写1.I always feel very n____________ before the exam. What should I do?2. She didn’t tell us the t____________. She told a lie.3. He didn’t give me his a_____________. How can I send him this postcard?4. You cannot l_____________ your son at home by himself. He is too young.5. The young lady kissed her baby g__________ and left quietly.完成句子1.四川因辛辣食物而闻名。
试卷类型:A2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)数学(理科)2014.3本试卷共4页,21小题, 满分150分.考试用时120分钟 注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用2B 铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。
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参考公式:锥体的体积公式Sh V 31=,其中S 是锥体的底面积,h 是锥体的高. ()()22221211236n n n n ++++++=()*n ∈N . 一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,满分40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.已知i 是虚数单位,若()2i 34i m +=-,则实数m 的值为A .2-B .2±C .D .22.在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若2C B =,则c b为 A .2sin C B .2cos B C .2sin B D .2cos C 3.圆()()22121x y -+-=关于直线y x =对称的圆的方程为A .()()22211x y -+-= B .()()22121x y ++-= C .()()22211x y ++-= D .()()22121x y -++=4.若函数()f x =R ,则实数a 的取值范围为A .()2,2-B .()(),22,-∞-+∞C .(][),22,-∞-+∞D .[]2,2-5.某中学从某次考试成绩中抽取若干名学生的分数,并绘制2成如图1的频率分布直方图.样本数据分组为[)50,60,[)60,70,[)70,80,[)80,90,[]90,100.若用分层抽样的方法从样本中抽取分数在[]80,100范围内的数据16个, 则其中分数在[]90,100范围内的样本数据有A .5个B .6个C .8个D .10个 6.已知集合32A x x x ⎧⎫=∈∈⎨⎬-⎩⎭Z Z 且,则集合A 中的元素个数为 A .2 B .3 C .4D .57.设a ,b 是两个非零向量,则使a b =a b 成立的一个必要非充分条件是A .=a bB .⊥a bC .λ=a b ()0λ>D .ab8.设a ,b ,m 为整数(0m >),若a 和b 被m 除得的余数相同,则称a 和b 对模m 同余,记为()mod a b m ≡.若0122202020202020C C 2C 2C 2a =+⋅+⋅++⋅,()mod10a b ≡,则b 的值可以是A .2011B .2012C .2013D .2014 二、填空题:本大题共7小题,考生作答6小题,每小题5分,满分30分. (一)必做题(9~13题)9.若不等式1x a -<的解集为{}13x x <<,则实数a 的值为 . 10.执行如图2的程序框图,若输出7S =,则输入k ()*k ∈N 的值为 . 11.一个四棱锥的底面为菱形,其三视图如图3所示,则这个四棱锥的体积是 .12.设α为锐角,若cos 65α⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭,则sin 12απ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭. 侧(左)视图图3俯视图爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 313.在数列{}n a 中,已知11a =,111n n a a +=-+,记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和,则2014S = .(二)选做题(14~15题,考生只能从中选做一题) 14.(坐标系与参数方程选做题)在极坐标系中,直线()sin cos a ρθθ-=与曲线2cos 4sin ρθθ=-相交于A ,B 两点,若AB =3a 的值为 .15.(几何证明选讲选做题)如图4,PC 是圆O 的切线,切点为C ,直线PA 与圆O 交于A ,B 两点,APC ∠的平分线分别交弦CA ,CB 于D ,E两点,已知3PC =,2PB =,则PEPD的值为 .三、解答题:本大题共6小题,满分80分.解答须写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤. 16.(本小题满分12分)已知函数()sin cos f x x a x =+的图象经过点π03⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,. (1)求实数a 的值;(2)设[]2()()2g x f x =-,求函数()g x 的最小正周期与单调递增区间.17.(本小题满分12分)甲,乙,丙三人参加某次招聘会,假设甲能被聘用的概率是25,甲,丙两人同时不能被聘用的概率是625,乙,丙两人同时能被聘用的概率是310,且三人各自能否被聘用相互独立. (1)求乙,丙两人各自能被聘用的概率;(2)设ξ表示甲,乙,丙三人中能被聘用的人数与不能被聘用的人数之差的绝对值,求ξ的分布列与均值(数学期望).18.(本小题满分14分)如图5,在棱长为a 的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,点E 是棱1D D 的PEABCD 图4O 1C 1D DE1A 1B4中点,点F 在棱1B B 上,且满足12B F FB =. (1)求证:11EF A C ⊥;(2)在棱1C C 上确定一点G , 使A ,E ,G ,F 四点共面,并求此时1C G 的长;(3)求平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值. 19.(本小题满分14分)已知等差数列{}n a 的首项为10,公差为2,等比数列{}n b 的首项为1,公比为2,*n ∈N .(1)求数列{}n a 与{}n b 的通项公式;(2)设第n 个正方形的边长为{}min ,n n n c a b =,求前n 个正方形的面积之和n S . (注:{}min ,a b 表示a 与b 的最小值.) 20.(本小题满分14分)已知双曲线E :()222104x y a a -=>的中心为原点O ,左,右焦点分别为1F ,2F ,离心率为35,点P 是直线23a x =上任意一点,点Q 在双曲线E 上,且满足220PF QF =.(1)求实数a 的值;(2)证明:直线PQ 与直线OQ 的斜率之积是定值;(3)若点P 的纵坐标为1,过点P 作动直线l 与双曲线右支交于不同两点M ,N ,在线段MN上取异于点M ,N 的点H ,满足PM MHPN HN=,证明点H 恒在一条定直线上. 21.(本小题满分14分)已知函数()()221e x f x x x =-+(其中e 为自然对数的底数). (1)求函数()f x 的单调区间;(2)定义:若函数()h x 在区间[],s t ()s t <上的取值范围为[],s t ,则称区间[],s t 为函数()h x 的“域同区间”.试问函数()f x 在()1,+∞上是否存在“域同区间”?若存在,求出所有符合条件的“域同区间”;若不存在,请说明理由.2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)数学(理科)试题参考答案及评分标准说明:1.参考答案与评分标准给出了一种或几种解法供参考,如果考生的解法与参考答案不同,可C爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 5根据试题主要考查的知识点和能力比照评分标准给以相应的分数.2.对解答题中的计算题,当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时,如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度,可视影响的程度决定后继部分的得分,但所给分数不得超过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半;如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误,就不再给分.3.解答右端所注分数,表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数.4.只给整数分数,选择题和填空题不给中间分.一、选择题:本大题考查基本知识和基本运算.共8小题,每小题,满分40分.题号 1 23 4 5 6 7 8答案 A B A D B C D A二、填空题:本大题考查基本知识和基本运算,体现选择性.共7小题,每小题,满分30分.其中14~15题是选做题,考生只能选做一题.题号 9 10 11 12131415答案23421020112-1-或5- 23三、解答题:本大题共6小题,满分80分. 16.(本小题满分1)(本小题主要考查三角函数图象的周期性、单调性、同角三角函数的基本关系和三角函数倍角公式等等知识,考查化归与转化的数学思想方法,以及运算求解能力)解:(1)因为函数()sin cos f x x a x =+的图象经过点π03⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,,所以03f π⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭. 即ππsin cos 033a ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭. 即302a+=. 解得3a =(2)方法1:由(1)得()sin 3f x x x =.所以2()[()]2g x f x =-()2sin 32x x=+-22sin 23cos 3cos 2x x x x =++-62cos 2x x =+122cos 22x x ⎫=+⎪⎪⎝⎭ 2sin 2cos cos 2sin 66x x ππ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭π2sin 26x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭.所以()g x 的最小正周期为22π=π. 因为函数sin y x =的单调递增区间为2,222k k ππ⎡⎤π-π+⎢⎥⎣⎦()k ∈Z , 所以当πππ2π22π262k x k -≤+≤+()k ∈Z 时,函数()g x 单调递增, 即ππππ36k x k -≤≤+()k ∈Z 时,函数()g x 单调递增.所以函数()g x 的单调递增区间为πππ,π36k k ⎡⎤-+⎢⎥⎣⎦()k ∈Z . 方法2:由(1)得()sin f x x x =+2sin cos cos sin 33x x ππ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭π2sin 3x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭.所以2()[()]2g x f x =-2π2sin 23x ⎡⎤⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦2π4sin 23x ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭2π2cos 23x ⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭分所以函数()g x 的最小正周期为22π=π分 因为函数cos y x =的单调递减区间为[]2,2k k ππ+π()k ∈Z , 所以当22223k x k ππ≤+≤π+π()k ∈Z 时,函数()g x 单调递增.爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 7即ππππ36k x k -≤≤+(k ∈Z )时,函数()g x 单调递增.所以函数()g x 的单调递增区间为πππ,π36k k ⎡⎤-+⎢⎥⎣⎦()k ∈Z .17.(本小题满分1)(本小题主要考查相互独立事件、解方程、随机变量的分布列与均值(数学期望)等知识,考查或然与必然的数学思想方法,以及数据处理能力、运算求解能力和应用意识) 解:(1)记甲,乙,丙各自能被聘用的事件分别为1A ,2A ,3A ,由已知1A ,2A ,3A 相互独立,且满足()()()()()113232,5611,253.10P A P A P A P A P A ⎧=⎪⎪⎪--=⎡⎤⎡⎤⎨⎣⎦⎣⎦⎪⎪=⎪⎩解得()212P A =,()335P A =. 所以乙,丙各自能被聘用的概率分别为12,35. (2)ξ的可能取值为1,3.因为()()()1231233P P A A A P A A A ξ==+()()()()()()123123111P A P A P A P A P A P A =+---⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦213312525525=⨯⨯+⨯⨯625=. 所以()()113P P ξξ==-=61912525=-=. 所以ξ的分布列为所以19613252525E ξ=⨯+⨯=.ξ 1 3P1925625818.(本小题满分1)(本小题主要考查空间线面关系、四点共面、二面角的平面角、空间向量及坐标运算等知识,考查数形结合、化归与转化的数学思想方法,以及空间想象能力、推理论证能力和运算求解能力)推理论证法:(1)证明:连结11B D ,BD ,因为四边形1111A B C D 是正方形,所以1111A C B D ⊥. 在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,1DD ⊥平面1111A B C D ,11A C ⊂平面1111A B C D ,所以111A C DD ⊥.因为1111B D DD D =,11B D ,1DD ⊂平面11BB D D ,所以11A C ⊥平面11BB D D .因为EF ⊂平面11BB D D ,所以11EF A C ⊥. (2)解:取1C C 的中点H ,连结BH ,则BHAE .在平面11BB C C 中,过点F 作FGBH ,则FGAE .连结EG ,则A ,E ,G ,F 四点共面.因为11122CH C C a ==,11133HG BF C C a ===, 所以1C G 116C C CH HG a =--=.故当1C G 16a =时,A ,E ,G ,F 四点共面.(3)延长EF ,DB ,设EFDB M =,连结AM ,则AM 是平面AEF 与平面ABCD 的交线.过点B 作BN AM ⊥,垂足为N ,连结FN , 因为FB AM ⊥,FB BN B =, 所以AM ⊥平面BNF .因为FN ⊂平面BNF ,所以AM ⊥FN . 所以FNB ∠为平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的平面角.因为123132aMB BF MD DE a ===,23=,1D ABCD EF 1A1B1C MN1D ABCD EF 1A1B1C 1DABCDE F 1A1B 1C G H爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 9所以22MB a =.在△ABM 中,AB a =,135ABM ∠=, 所以2222cos135AM AB MB AB MB =+-⨯⨯⨯ ()222222222a aa a ⎛=+-⨯⨯⨯- ⎝⎭213a =. 即13AM a =. 因为11sin13522AM BN AB MB ⨯=⨯⨯, 所以222sin13521321313a a AB MB BN a AMa⨯⨯⨯===.所以2222121371331339FN BF BN a a ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭. 所以6cos 7BN FNB FN ∠==.故平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值为67.空间向量法:(1)证明:以点D 为坐标原点,DA ,DC ,1DD 所在的直线分别为x 轴,y 轴,z 轴,建立如图的空间直角坐标系, 则(),0,0A a ,()1,0,A a a ,()10,,C a a ,10,0,2E a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,1,,3F a a a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,所以()11,,0AC a a =-,1,,6EF a a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭. 因为221100AC EF a a =-++=, 所以11AC EF ⊥.1D ABC D EF 1A1B1C xyz10所以11EF A C ⊥.(2)解:设()0,,G a h ,因为平面11ADD A 平面11BCC B ,平面11ADD A 平面AEGF AE =,平面11BCC B 平面AEGF FG =,所以FGAE .所以存在实数λ,使得FG AE λ=. 因为1,0,2AE a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭,1,0,3FG a h a ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭, 所以11,0,,0,32a h a a a λ⎛⎫⎛⎫--=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭. 所以1λ=,56h a =. 所以1C G 15166CC CG a a a =-=-=. 故当1C G 16a =时,A ,E ,G ,F 四点共面. (3)解:由(1)知1,0,2AE a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭,10,,3AF a a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭. 设(),,x y z =n 是平面AEF 的法向量,则0,0.AE AF ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩n n 即10,210.3ax az ay az ⎧-+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩取6z =,则3x =,2y =-.所以()3,2,6=-n 是平面AEF 的一个法向量. 而()10,0,DD a =是平面ABCD 的一个法向量, 设平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成的二面角为θ, 则11cos DD DD θ=n n (1)爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 11()()2220302667326a a⨯+⨯-+⨯==+-+⨯. 故平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值为67.第(1)、(2)问用推理论证法,第(3)问用空间向量法: (1)、(2)给分同推理论证法. (3)解:以点D 为坐标原点,DA ,DC ,1DD 所在的直线分别为x 轴,y 轴,z 轴,建立如图的空间直角坐标系, 则(),0,0A a ,10,0,2E a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,1,,3F a a a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,则1,0,2AE a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭,10,,3AF a a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭.设(),,x y z =n 是平面AEF 的法向量,则0,0.AE AF ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩nn即10,210.3ax az ay az ⎧-+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩取6z =,则3x =,2y =-.所以()3,2,6=-n 是平面AEF 的一个法向量. 而()10,0,DD a =是平面ABCD 的一个法向量, 设平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成的二面角为θ, 则11cos DD DD θ=n n (1)()()2220302667326a a⨯+⨯-+⨯==+-+⨯. 故平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值为67. 19.(本小题满分1)(本小题主要考查等差数列、等比数列、分组求和等知识,考查化归与转化的数学思想方法,以及运算求解能力和创新意识)1D ABC DEF 1A1B1C xyz12解:(1)因为等差数列{}n a 的首项为10,公差为2,所以()1012n a n =+-⨯, 即28n a n =+.因为等比数列{}n b 的首项为1,公比为2,所以112n n b -=⨯, 即12n n b -=.(2)因为110a =,212a =,314a =,416a =,518a =,620a =,11b =,22b =,34b =,48b =,516b =,632b =.易知当5n ≤时,n n a b >.下面证明当6n ≥时,不等式n n b a >成立.方法1:①当6n =时,616232b -==620268a >=⨯+=,不等式显然成立.②假设当n k =()6k ≥时,不等式成立,即1228k k ->+.则有()()()()122222821826218kk k k k k -=⨯>+=++++>++.这说明当1n k =+时,不等式也成立.综合①②可知,不等式对6n ≥的所有整数都成立. 所以当6n ≥时,n n b a >. 方法2:因为当6n ≥时()()()112281128n n n n b a n n ---=-+=+-+()()01211111C C C C 28n n n n n n -----=++++-+()()012321111111C C C C C C 28n n n n n n n n n n ---------≥+++++-+ ()()0121112C C C 28n n n n ---=++-+()()236460n n n n n =--=-+->,所以当6n ≥时,n n b a >.所以{}min ,n n n c a b =12,5,28,5.n n n n -⎧≤=⎨+>⎩爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 13则()22222,5,44, 5.n n n c n n -⎧≤⎪=⎨+>⎪⎩当5n ≤时,2222123n n S c c c c =++++ 2222123n b b b b =++++024222222n -=++++1414n -=-()1413n=-.当5n >时,2222123n n S c c c c =++++()()22222212567n b b b a a a =+++++++()51413=-()()()222464744n ⎡⎤+++++++⎣⎦()()()222341467867165n n n ⎡⎤=+++++++++-⎣⎦ ()()()()2222223414121253267645n n n ⎡⎤=++++-++++++++-⎣⎦()()()()()121653414553264562n n n n n n +++-⎡⎤=+-+⨯+-⎢⎥⎣⎦3242421867933n n n =++-. 综上可知,n S ()32141,5,3424218679, 5.33nn n n n n ⎧-≤⎪⎪=⎨⎪++->⎪⎩20.(本小题满分1)(本小题主要考查直线的斜率、双曲线的方程、直线与圆锥曲线的位置关系等知识,考查数形结合、化归与转化、函数与方程的数学思想方法,以及推理论证能力和运算求解能力) (1)解:设双曲线E 的半焦距为c ,由题意可得22354.c a c a ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩解得5a =.14(2)证明:由(1)可知,直线2533a x ==,点()23,0F .设点5,3P t ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,()00,Q x y , 因为220PF QF =,所以()0053,3,03t x y ⎛⎫----= ⎪⎝⎭. 所以()00433ty x =-. 因为点()00,Q x y 在双曲线E 上,所以2200154x y -=,即()2200455y x =-. 所以20000200005533PQ OQy t y y ty k k x x x x --⋅=⋅=--()()2002004453453553x x x x ---==-.所以直线PQ 与直线OQ 的斜率之积是定值45.(3)证法1:设点(),H x y ,且过点5,13P ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的直线l 与双曲线E 的右支交于不同两点()11,M x y ,()22,N x y ,则22114520x y -=,22224520x y -=,即()2211455y x =-,()2222455y x =-. 设PM MH PN HN λ==,则,.PM PN MH HN λλ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩. 即()()1122112255,1,1,33,,.x y x y x x y y x x y y λλ⎧⎛⎫⎛⎫--=--⎪⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎨⎪--=--⎩整理,得()()()1212121251,31,1,1.x x y y x x x y y y λλλλλλλλ⎧-=-⎪⎪⎪-=-⎨⎪+=+⎪+=+⎪⎩①②③④由①×③,②×④得()()22221222221251,31.x x x y y y λλλλ⎧-=-⎪⎨⎪-=-⎩⑤⑥将()2211455y x =-,()2222455y x =-代入⑥,爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 15得2221224451x x y λλ-=⨯--. ⑦ 将⑤代入⑦,得443y x =-. 所以点H 恒在定直线43120x y --=上.证法2:依题意,直线l 的斜率k 存在. 设直线l 的方程为513y k x ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,由2251,31.54y k x x y ⎧⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎪⎪⎝⎭⎨⎪-=⎪⎩消去y 得()()()22229453053255690k x k k x k k -+---+=. 因为直线l 与双曲线E 的右支交于不同两点()11,M x y ,()22,N x y ,则有()()()()()()()22222122212290053900455690,3053,95425569.954k k k k k k k x x k k k x x k ⎧⎪∆=-+--+>⎪⎪-⎪+=⎨-⎪⎪-+⎪=⎪-⎩设点(),H x y ,由PM MH PN HN =,得112125353x x x x x x --=--. 整理得()()1212635100x x x x x x -+++=.1 将②③代入上式得()()()()()2222150569303553100954954k k x k k x k k -++--+=--.整理得()354150x k x --+=. ④①② ③16因为点H 在直线l 上,所以513y k x ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭. ⑤ 联立④⑤消去k 得43120x y --=. 所以点H 恒在定直线43120x y --=上.(本题(3)只要求证明点H 恒在定直线43120x y --=上,无需求出x 或y 的范围.) 21.(本小题满分1)(本小题主要考查函数的单调性、函数的导数、函数的零点等知识,考查数形结合、化归与转化、分类与讨论的数学思想方法,以及运算求解能力、抽象概括能力与创新意识) 解:(1)因为()()221e x f x x x =-+,所以2()(22)e (21)e x x f x x x x '=-+-+()21e xx =-(1)(1)e x x x =+-. 当1x <-或1x >时,()0f x '>,即函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(),1-∞-和()1,+∞. 当11x -<<时,()0f x '<,即函数()f x 的单调递减区间为()1,1-.所以函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(),1-∞-和()1,+∞,单调递减区间为()1,1-. (2)假设函数()f x 在()1,+∞上存在“域同区间”[,](1)s t s t <<,由(1)知函数()f x 在()1,+∞上是增函数,所以(),().f s s f t t =⎧⎨=⎩ 即22(1)e ,(1)e .s ts s t t ⎧-⋅=⎨-⋅=⎩也就是方程2(1)e xx x -=有两个大于1的相异实根. 设2()(1)e (1)xg x x x x =-->,则2()(1)e 1xg x x '=--. 设()h x =2()(1)e 1xg x x '=--,则()()221e x h x x x '=+-.因为在(1,)+∞上有()0h x '>,所以()h x 在()1,+∞上单调递增. 因为()110h =-<,()223e 10h =->,即存在唯一的()01,2x ∈,使得()00h x =.当()01,x x ∈时,()()0h x g x '=<,即函数()g x 在()01,x 上是减函数; 当()0,x x ∈+∞时,()()0h x g x '=>,即函数()g x 在()0,x +∞上是增函数.因为()110g =-<,0()(1)0g x g <<,2(2)e 20g =->,爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C 17所以函数()g x 在区间()1,+∞上只有一个零点.这与方程2(1)e xx x -=有两个大于1的相异实根相矛盾,所以假设不成立. 所以函数()f x 在()1,+∞上不存在“域同区间”.。
绝密★启用并考试结束前 试卷类型:A2014年天河省实中考一模考试数学试题第I 卷(选择题 共30分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,满分30分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) 1.=--)3(2( ▲ )A.5-B.1-C.1D.5 2.一个图形的主视图与俯视图如右图所示,则此图形可能是( ▲ )A.三棱锥B.三棱柱C.圆锥D.圆柱3.已知)3,1(A ,将线段OA 绕原点O 旋转︒60后得到'OA ,则'OA 的长度是( ▲ )A.10B.3C.22D.1 4.已知b a 、互为相反数,则下列说法中正确的是( ▲ )A.1=abB.1)1(2=++b a C.1=+b a D.02=+b a5.如图所示,ABC RT ∆中,BC AB ⊥,︒=∠30C ,3=BC ,则=BD ( ▲ )A.1B.2C.3D.2第2题 第5题 第6题6.如图所示,C B A O 、、、在数轴上对应的数分别是c b a 、、、0, 则下列说法正确的是( ▲ )A.0<abcB.0>++c b aC.0)(>-c a bD.0)(<-b a c 7.给出定义:12+-=⊗b a b a ,则关于03≥⊗x x ,下列说法正确的是( ▲ )A.满足条件的最大整数x 是1-B.满足条件的最小整数x 是0C.满足条件的x 的取值范围是51-≤xD.满足条件的x 的取值范围是51≥x 8.二次函数122-+=x ax y 的顶点坐标在x 轴下方,则a 的取值范围是( ▲ )9.如图,在边长为2的正方形中,E 是CD 的中点,且CDCEBF AF =217, 则四边形EBFD 的周长是( ▲ ) A.1757++ B.252177++ C.21727+ D.2710.给出计算符号“* ”,使符号“* ”满足:32631=*,61212=*,921053=*,121634=*,1511265=*, ,则=++*-*1415022014201320132014( ▲ )A.2013B.2013-C.2014D.2014-第II 卷(非选择题 共120分)二.填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,满分18分)11.截止至2013年底,广州某银行信用卡发卡量达到9260000张,比当年初增长%8.20,其中9260000用科学计数法表示为 ▲ 。
2014年广州市中考数学模拟试题1本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共三大题25小题,共5页,满分150分,考试用时120分钟注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必在答题卡第1面、第3面、第5面上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自已的考生号、姓名;填写考场试室号、座位号,再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,涉及作图的题目,用2B铅笔画图,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上,如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域,不准使用铅笔,圆珠笔和涂改液,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分选择题(共30分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,满分30分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。)1.用四舍五入法取267304的近似值,要求保留二个有效数字,结果是( )A.2.7×105B.270000C.2.67×105D.2.6×1052.下列说法正确的是( )A.零除以任何数都得0B.绝对值相等的两个数相等C.几个有理数相乘,积的符号由负因数的个数决定D.两个数互为倒数,则它们的相同次幂仍互为倒数3.在如图所示的数轴上,点B与点C关于点A对称,A、B两点对应的实数分别是和﹣1,则点C所对应的实数是( )A.1+B.2+C.2﹣1D.2+14.若,则代数式x y的值为( )A.4B.C.﹣4D.5.若a是方程2x2﹣x﹣3=0的一个解,则6a2﹣3a的值为( )A.3B.-3C.9D.﹣96.若不等式3x﹣m≤0的正整数解是1、2、3.则m的取值范围为( )A.m<12B.m≥9C.9≤m≤12D.9≤m<127.若a、b、c为△ABC的三边,那么关于代数式(a﹣b)2﹣c2的值,以下判断正确的是( )A.大于0B.等于0C.小于0D.以上均有可能8.自由转动转盘,指针停在白色区域的机会为的转盘是( )A. B. C. D.9.用如图所示的扇形纸片制作一个圆锥的侧面,要求圆锥的高是4cm,底面周长是6πcm,则扇形的半径为( )A.3cmB.5cmC.6cmD.8cm10.如图,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,E、F分别是AB、CD的中点,则下列结论:①EF∥AD;②S△=S△DCO;③△OGH是等腰三角形;④BG=DG;⑤EG=HF.其中正确的个数是( )ABOA.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个第二部分非选择题(共120分)二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,满分18分.)11.﹣3的倒数是.12.不等式组的整数解为.13.若x2﹣2ax+16是完全平方式,则a= .14.如图,一次函数y=z+5的图象经过点P(a,b)和Q(c,d),则a(c﹣d)﹣b(c﹣d)的值为.第14题第15题第16题15.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,CD是圆上的两点(不与A、B重合),已知BC=2,tan∠ADC=,则AB= .16.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,边长为1的正方形OA1B1C的对角线A1C和OB1交于点M1;以M1A1为对角线作第二个正方形A2A1B2M1,对角线A1M1和A2B2交于点M2;以M2A1为对角线作第三个正方形A3A1B3M2,对角线A1M2和A3B3交于点M3;…,依此类推,这样作的第n 个正方形对角线交点M n的坐标为.三、解答题(本大题共9小题,满分102分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(每小题5分,共10分)(1)解方程:; (2)解不等式组:.18.已知a+b+c=0,a2+b2+c2=1,求代数式a(b+c)+b(a+c)+c(a+b)的值.(8分)19.已知,如图,点D在边BC上,点E在△ABC外部,DE交AC于F,若AD=AB,∠1=∠2=∠3.求证:BC=DE.(10分)20.如图,平面直角坐标系中,直线与x轴交于点A,与双曲线在第一象限内交于点B,BC丄x轴于点C,OC=2AO.求双曲线的解析式.(10分)21.某商场用36000元购进甲、乙两种商品,销售完后共获利6000元.其中甲种商品每件进价120元,售价138元;乙种商品每件进价100元,售价120元.(1)该商场购进甲、乙两种商品各多少件?(2)商场第二次以原进价购进甲、乙两种商品,购进乙种商品的件数不变,而购进甲种商品的件数是第一次的2倍,甲种商品按原售价出售,而乙种商品打折销售.若两种商品销售完毕,要使第二次经营活动获利不少于8160元,乙种商品最低售价为每件多少元?(12分)22.某中学开展“唱红歌”比赛活动,九年级(1)、(2)班根据初赛成绩,各选出5名选手参加复赛,两个班各选出的5名选手的复赛成绩(满分为100分)如图所示.(12分)(1)根据图示填写下表;(2)结合两班复赛成绩的平均数和中位数,分析哪个班级的复赛成绩较好;(3)计算两班复赛成绩的方差.(方差公式:.23.如图,在矩形ABCD中,点E、F、G、H分别在边AB、BC、CD、DA上,点P在矩形ABCD内,若AB=4,BC=6,AE=CG=3,BF=DH=4,四边形AEPH的面积为5,求四边形PFCG的面积.(12分)24.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,延长弦BD到点C,使DC=BD,连接AC,过点D作DE⊥AC,垂足为E.(14分)(1)判断直线DE与⊙O的位置关系,并证明你的结论;(2)若⊙O的半径为6,∠BAC=60°,延长ED交AB延长线于点F,求阴影部分的面积.25.(14分)如图,抛物线与直线交于点A(4,2)、B(0,﹣1).(1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)点D在直线l下方的抛物线上,过点D作DE∥y轴交l于E、作DF⊥l于F,设点D的横坐标为t.①用含t的代数式表示DE的长;②设Rt△DEF的周长为p,求p与t的函数关系式,并求p的最大值及此时点D的坐标;(3)点M在抛物线上,点N在x轴上,若△BMN是以M为直角顶点的等腰直角三角形,请直接写出点M的坐标.D、两个数互为倒数,则它们的相同次幂仍互为倒数,正确.故选D.3、解:设点C所对应的实数是x.则有x﹣=﹣(﹣1),解得x=2+1.故选D.4、解:根据题意,得,解得x=,∴y=﹣2; ∴x y==4.故选A.5、解:若a是方程2x2﹣x﹣3=0的一个根,则有2a2﹣a﹣3=0, 变形得,2a2﹣a=3, 故6a2﹣3a=3×3=9.故选C.故选C.8、解:A停在白色区域的概率为:=; B停在白色区域的概率为:=;C停在白色区域的概率为:=;D停在白色区域的概率为:=.故选C.9、解:∵底面周长是6πcm,∴底面的半径为3cm,∵圆锥的高为4cm,∴圆锥的母线长为:=5∴扇形的半径为5cm,故选B.∵EF∥BC,∴∠OGH=∠OBC,∠OHG=∠OCB,已知四边形ABCD是梯形,不一定是等腰梯形,即∠OBC和∠OCB不一定相等,即∠OGH和∠OHG不一定相等,∠GOH和∠OGH或∠OHG也不能证出相等, ∴说△OGH是等腰三角形不对,∴③错误;∵EF∥BC,AE=BE(E为AB中点),∴BG=DG,∴④正确;∵EF∥BC,AE=BE(E为AB中点),∴AH=CH,∵E、F分别为AB、CD的中点,∴EH=BC,FG=BC,∴EH=FG,∴EG=FH,∴EH﹣GH=FG﹣GH,∴EG=HF,∴⑤正确;∴正确的个数是4个,故选D.第二部分非选择题(共120分)二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,满分18分.)11、解:﹣3的倒数是﹣.12、解:由①得x>﹣, 由②得x<,不等式组的解集为﹣<x<,则不等式组的整数解为0,1,2.13、解:∵x2﹣2ax+16是完全平方式,∴﹣2ax=±2×x×4∴a=±4.14、解:由P(a,b),Q(c,d)两点在一次函数y=z+5的图象上,则b=a+5,d=c+5,即:a﹣b=﹣5,c﹣d=﹣5.16、解:设正方形的边长为1,则正方形四个顶点坐标为O(0,0),C(0,1),B1(1,1),A1(1,0);根据正方形对角线定理得M1的坐标为();同理得M2的坐标为(,);M3的坐标为(,),…,依此类推:M n坐标为(,)=(,)三、解答题(本大题共9小题,满分102分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 17、解:(1)去分母得,2+2x﹣4=x+1,移项得,2x﹣x=1+4﹣2,合并同类项得,x=3,经检验,x=3是原方程的根;(2),由①得,x>1;由②得,x≤3,∴∠2+∠DAC=∠1+∠DAC,∴∠BAC=∠DAE,又∵∠DFC=∠AFE,∠3=∠1,∴由三角形的内角和定理得:∠C=∠E,∵在△ABC和△ADE中,∴△ABC≌△ADE(AAS),∴BC=DE.20、解:由直线与x轴交于点A的坐标为(﹣1,0), ∴OA=1.又∵OC=2OA,∴OC=2,∴点B的横坐标为2,代入直线,得y=,∴B(2,).∵点B在双曲线上,∴k=xy=2×=3,∴双曲线的解析式为y=.22、解:(1)=(70+100+100+75+80)=85分,众数为100分中位数为:85分;(2)九(1)班成绩好些,因为两个班级的平均数相同,九(1)班的中位数高,所以在平均数相同的情况下中位数高的九(1)班成绩好些;(3)S12=[(75﹣85)2+(80﹣85)2+2×(85﹣85)2+(100﹣85)2]=70分2,S22=[(70﹣85)2+(100﹣85)2+(100﹣85)2+(75﹣85)2+(80﹣85)2]=160分2.23、解:解法一、连接AP,CP,设△AHP在AH边上的高为x,△AEP在AE边上的高为y.则△CFP在CF边上的高为4﹣x,△CGP在CG边上的高为6﹣y.=(26﹣10)×,=8.解法二、连接HE、EF、FG、GH,证△DHG≌△BFE,推出HG=EF, 推理HE=GF,则四边形EFGH由条件知是平行四边形,面积为4×6﹣×3×2﹣×3×2﹣×4×1﹣×4×1=14,24、(1)直线DE与⊙O的位置关系是相切,证明:连接OD,∵AO=BO,BD=DC,∴OD∥AC,∵DE⊥AC,∴DE⊥OD,∵OD为半径,直线DE是⊙O的切线,即直线DE与⊙O的位置关系是相切;(2)解:∵OD∥AC,∠BAC=60°,∴∠DOB=∠A=60°,∵DE是⊙O切线,∴∠ODF=90°,∴∠F=30°,∴FO=2OD=12,由勾股定理得:DF=6,∴阴影部分的面积S=S△ODF﹣S扇形DOB=×6×6﹣=18﹣6π.∴BG==,∴△OBG的周长为1++=4;∵DE∥y轴,∴△GBO∽△DEF,∴=∴p=﹣t2+t=﹣(t﹣2)2+,∴当t=2时,p max=,此时D(2,﹣).(3)以点M在y轴左侧为例,如右图;过M作x轴的垂线,设垂足为R;若点B作MR的垂线,设垂足为S; ∵在△MNR与△BMS中,,∴△MNR≌△BMS,MR=BS=OR;当点M在x轴左侧时,与上相同,所以可设M(a,±a);当点M的坐标为(a,a)时,有:a2﹣a﹣1=a,解得:a=; 当点M的坐标为(a,﹣a)时,有:a2﹣a﹣1=﹣a,解得:a=;。
试卷类型:A 2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)语文2014.3 本试卷共8页,24小题,满分为150分.考试用时150分钟.注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号.用黑色字迹地钢笔或签字笔将自己所在地市、县/区、学校以及自己地姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上.用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上.2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项地答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.答案不能答在试卷上.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹地钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内地相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来地答案,然后再写上新地答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答地答案无效.4.作答选做题时,请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题地题组号对应地信息点,再作答.漏涂、错涂、多涂地,答案无效.5.考生必须保持答题卡地整洁.考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回.一、本大题4小题,每题3分,共12分.1.下列词语中加点地字,每对读音都不相同....地一组是A.箴.言/斟.酌国粹./仓猝.复辟./开天辟.地B.撰.写/编纂.贬谪./嫡.系冠.名/冠.冕堂皇C.对峙./嗜.好竣.工/疏浚.提.防/提.心吊胆D.清澈./掣.肘粗犷./旷.达识.别/博闻强识.2.下面语段中画线地词语,使用不恰当...地一项是近几年,国内许多风景名胜区实行“一票制”,将景区内多个景点门票捆绑搭售.这种做法引起了人们地置疑和不满,许多游客认为这是变相涨价.一个知名景区要可持续发展,首先必须赢得游客地口碑,如果过分依赖“门票经济”做“一锤子买卖”,对游客地意见充耳不闻,一意孤行,一旦引起游客地反感乃至抵触,就可能造成难以挽回地损失.A.置疑B.一锤子买卖C.充耳不闻 D.乃至3.下列句子中,没有语病....地一句是A.著名作家村上春树连续五年排在诺贝尔文学奖获奖预测名单榜首,却年年与该奖无缘,可以堪称诺贝尔文学奖史上“最悲壮地入围者”.B.广州恒大足球队首次参加“世俱杯”比赛,与非洲、欧洲和南美洲地冠军同场竞技,在收获自信地同时也看到了与世界强队地差距.C.班主任这项工作在学校地教学管理中举足轻重,它要求承担者要具备良好地职业素养、较高地思想觉悟和一定地管理能力才能够胜任.D.到目前为止,中国珠算等30个项目入选联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录,成为世界上入选“非物质文化遗产”项目最多地国家.4.在文中横线处填入下列语句,衔接最恰当地一项是从笔到电脑,汉字地书写正在经历一场颠覆性地变化,认识汉字和书写汉字逐渐成为两种完全不同地概念.???大家现在可以预见地是,不太遥远地未来,越来越多地中国人会表现出一些普遍地共性——.,所以,重点在于,,让我们地文化生态稳定而绵长地延续下去.①汉字地书写能力是否真地到了需要拯救地时候②如何在传统和现代地裂缝之中,找到维系文化地纽带③输入法地时代中,汉字地书写究竟何去何从④认识汉字、受过汉字书写地训练,但却更多地依赖间接书写⑤我们又该如何解决汉字书写问题⑥不管人们喜欢还是不喜欢,书写地变化会越来越快A.②①③⑥④⑤ B.②③①④⑥⑤ C.③①⑤④⑥② D.③⑤①⑥④②二、本大题7小题,共35分.阅读下面地文言文,完成5~9题.郭舒,字稚行.幼请其母从师,岁余便归,粗识大义.乡人、宗人咸称舒当为后来之秀,王澄闻其名,引为别驾.澄终日酣饮,不以众务在意,舒常切谏之.及天下大乱,又劝澄修德养威,保完州境.澄虽不能从,然重.其忠亮.荆土士人宗庾廞尝因.酒忤澄,澄怒,叱左右棒廞.舒厉色谓左右曰:“使君过醉,汝辈何.敢妄动!”澄恚曰:“别驾狂邪,诳言我醉!”因.遣掐其鼻,灸其眉头,舒跪而受之.澄意少释,而廞遂得免.Emxvx。
2014年黄埔区初中毕业生综合测试数学参考答案一.选择题(每小题3分,共30分) ABCDA CDCDB二.填空题(本大题共6题,每小题3分,满分18分) 11.3x 12.3≠x 13.1- 14.60 15. <16.45或36 (只对1个,给2分,全对3分,没写单位不扣分) 三.解答题17.(本小题满分9分)两边同时乘以)3(2+x x ……2分 得x x 43=+解得1=x ……6分 把1=x 代入)3(2+x x ,知0)31(2≠+⨯……8分所以1=x 是原方程的解 ……9分 18.(本小题满分9分) ∵AB CD ∥∴︒=∠+∠180C B ……2分 又∵B D ∠=∠∴︒=∠+∠180D C ……4分 ∴AD ∥BC ……6分 又AB CD ∥∴四边形ABCD 是平行四边形. ……9分19.(本小题满分10分)∵)1)(2()1(52+--+-x x x x )( =1)1)(1()1(122-=+-=+--x x x x x x )(AD CB第18题……6分又 ∵32=x∴ )1)(2()1(52+--+-x x x x )( =111121322=-=-)(……10分 20.(本小题满分10分)(1)如图①所示,O 为所求.图略……3分(2)设圆心为O ,连结 OA 、OB ,OA 交BC 于D ……4分 ∵AB =AC∴弧AB =弧AC∴OA ⊥BC 且12021===BC DC BD ……6分 由题意DA=5 在Rt △BDO 中,222BD OD OB += ……8分设x OB =则222120)5(+-=x x ……9人 解得1442510=x ,14431443.5≈=x ……10分 答:略21.(本小题满分12分)(1)300 ……2分 (2)480 ……4分 (3∴李洋能参加的概率为31125P P ===的倍数)(数字和为(洋)……7分 张琳能参加的概率为311243P P ===的倍数)(数字和为(琳)……10分 ∵=(琳)P 31P =(洋) ∴公平.……12分 22.(本小题满分12分)第18题CBA第18题图②(1)∵点A (3,n )在反比例函数12y x=的图象上, ∴4312==n ∴点A 的坐标为(3,4)……3分 (2)根据勾股定理22243+=OA 所以OA =5 ……5分 ∵OB =OA ,且点B 在y 轴的正半轴上 点B 的坐标为(0,5) ……7分 设直线AB 的解析式为b kx y +=则∴⎩⎨⎧==+543b b k ,解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==531-b k 所求直线AB 的解析式为531+-=x y ……12分23.(1)当0<x ≤10,且x 是整数时, x y 8= ……2分当lO<x ≤50时,且x 是整数时,.91.02x x y +-=……4分 当x >50时,且x 是整数时,x y 4=……6分(2)利润5.202)45(91.022+--=+-=x x x y ,由二次函数图象可,当450≤<x 时,y 随x 的增大而增大.且当45=x 时达到最大值,当45>x 时,y 随x 的增大而减小.因为需要卖的越多赚的越多,即需要y 随x 的增大而增大. ,此时x ≤45,即最低售价为20-0.1(45-10)=16.5(元)……12分 答略说明:(1)漏写“且x 是整数”共扣1分 24.(本小题满分14分)(1)∵AB 、CD 、EF 都与半圆相切 ∴EH =EB ,HF=CF ∴四边形AEFD 的周长为AE+EH+HF+DF+AD=AE+ED+FC+DF+AD=AB+CD+AD=6a 故周长不变 ……2分 (2)∵AB ∥CD ∴∠BEF +∠CFE =180°又∵EB 切⊙O 于B ,EF 切⊙O 于H ,FE 切⊙O 于H ,FC 切⊙O 于C ∴∠BEO=∠FEO ,∠EFO=∠OFC ∴∠OEF +∠EFO=90° ∴∠EOF =90 ° ∴∠OEF +∠OEF =90°∵∠BOE =60°,∴∠FOC =30° ∴EFG 中,a a OB EB 3360tan =⋅=︒=a a OC FC 333330tan =⋅=︒= ∴四边形EBFC 的周长为a a a EF BC EF CF BC EB 338633822+=+=+=+++ ……6分 (3)∵EO 平分∠BEH ,FO 平分∠CFH ∴FO ⊥EO ,因此可知△EBO ∽△OCF ∴CFOBOC BE =,∴2a OB OC CF BE =⋅=⋅ ①……8分 又S S S 481321=+,即2448132121a CF OC BE OB ⨯=⋅+⋅ ∴2448132121a CF a BE a ⨯=⋅+⋅ ∴a CF BE 613=+ ② ……9分 由①、②知EF 、CF 为方程061322=+-a ax x 的两根 ……11分 解得a x 231=,a x 322= ……13分∴a BE 23=,a CF 32=或a BE 32=,a CF 23=, ……14分25.(本小题满分14分)(1) 由题意,点B 的坐标为(0,2)……1分HF ED CB A O 第24题∴OB=2,∵2tan =∠OAB ,即2=OAOB, ∴OA =1,∴点A 的坐标为(1,0) ……2分又∵二次函数22y x mx =++的图象经过点A ,∴021=++m ,解得3-=m ……3分 ∴所求二次函数的解析式为232+-=x x y ……4分 (2)由题意可得,点C 的坐标为(3,1) ……6分 所求的二次函数解析式为132+-=x x y ……8分(3)由(2),经过平移后所得图象是原二次函数图象向下平移1个单位后所得的图象,那么对称轴23=x 不变,且111==DD BB ……9分 ∵点P 在平移后所得的二次函数图象上, 设P 点的坐标为(x ,132+-x x ) 在1PBB ∆和1PDD ∆中,∵1PBB S ∆=21PDD S ∆ ∴边1BB 上的高是边1DD 上的高的2倍.① 点在对称轴的右侧时,)232-=x x (,得3=x ,∴P 的坐标是(3,1)……11分 ② 点在对称轴的左侧,同时在y 轴的右侧时,)232x x -=(,得1=x , ∴P 的坐标是),(11- ……12分 ③ 点在y 轴的左侧时,0<x ,又)232x x -=-(,得03>=x (舍去),……13分 ∴所求点P 的坐标为(3,1)或),(11- ……14分。
试卷类型:A 2014届广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)文科综合2014.3文科综合试题A参考答案及评分标准文科综合·政治试题参考答案及评分标准一、选择题二、非选择题评分标准:若考生答案言之有理,持之有据,可酌情给分。
36.(27分)(1)①联系的观点,发展的观点。
(4分)②二选一个角度作答。
○选“联系的观点”:世界是普遍联系的,要求我们用联系的观点看问题。
我们要正确认识保护环境和经济增长、居民就业收入等之间的固有联系,善于分析和把握影响当前环境保护问题的各种条件;正确认识整体与部分的辩证关系,立足于人民的根本利益,促进经济社会的全面协调发展,同时需要调动各方力量,共同致力于解决环境保护问题。
(11分)○选“发展的观点”:世界是永恒发展的,要求我们用发展的观点看问题。
我们既要坚持发展是硬道理,在发展中以创新精神推动环境保护问题的解决,又要做好充分的思想准备,认识到各种利益冲突对我国经济社会发展带来的复杂性和曲折性;既需要各方积极做好量的积累,落实应有责任,又需要我们立足于当前经济社会发展转型的关键时期,完善环境保护法,着重解决环境保护中的突出问题。
(11分)(2)①根据经济社会和环境保护的新要求,全国人大适时启动修法,通过实地调研、广泛听取有关部门和专家意见,提高了立法的科学性。
(4分)②全国人大自觉贯彻民主集中制原则,发挥人大代表在修法中的主体作用,向社会公布法律草案公开征求意见,不断拓宽公民参与立法的途径,提高了立法的民主性。
(4分)③全国人大自觉贯彻依法治国基本方略,严格按照法律程序修订法律,坚持法制化和规范化的工作机制,保证了立法的科学性和民主性。
(4分)或①全国人大自觉贯彻民主集中制原则,通过实地调研、广泛听取有关部门和专家意见网上征求意见等方式,不断拓宽公民参与立法的途径,坚持了科学立法和民主立法。
(4分)②全国人大代表自觉履行职责,依法参加行使国家权力,通过提出和审议反映客观实际与人民诉求的议案,提高了立法的科学性和民主性。
2014年广州中考数学10、16题汇编2014年从化一模1010.如图3,正方形的边长为4,P 为正方形边上一动点,运动路线是A→D→C→B→A,设P 点经过的路程为x ,以点A 、P 、D 为顶点的三角形的面积是y .则下列图象能大致反映y 与x 的函数关系的是( * ). 答案:B2014年番禺一模1010.已知二次函数2(0)y ax bx c a =++≠的图象如图所示,则下列结论中不.正确..的是(※). (A )0c < (B )y 的最小值为负值(C )当1x >时,y 随x 的增大而减小 (D )3x =是关于x 的方程20ax bx c ++=的一个根答案:C2014年白云一模1010.将边长为3cm 的正三角形的各边三等分,以这六个分点为顶点构成一个正六边形,再顺次连结这个正六边形的各边中点,又形成一个新正六边形,则这个新正六边形的面积等于(*) 2 2 2 (D)28cm 答案:B第10题图2014萝岗一模1010.如图,在菱形ABCD中,0110A∠=,E、F分别是边AB和BC的中点,于P,则(D).A.35°B.45°C.50°D.55°2014天河一模1410. Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,以BC为直径的⊙O交AB于E,OD⊥BC交⊙O于D,DE交BC于F,点P 为CB延长线上的一点,PE延长交AC于G,PE=PF.小华得出3个结论:①GE=GC;②AG=GE;③OG∥BE.其中正确的是(D).A.①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ①②③2014增城一模1010.如图,边长分别为4和8的两个正方形ABCD和CEFG并排放在一起,连结BD并延长交EG于点T,交FG于点P,则=GT(*B)A.2B.22C.2D.12014越秀一模1010.如图,直角三角形纸片ABC中,AB=3,AC=4,D为斜边BC中点,第1次将纸片折叠,使点A与点D重合,折痕与AD交与点P1;设P1D的中点为D1,第2次将纸片折叠,使点A与点D1重合,折痕与AD交于点P2;设P2D1的中点为D2,第3次将纸片折叠,使点A与点D2重合,折痕与AD交于点P3;…;如此类推,则AP6的长为(A).A.512532⨯B.69352⨯C.614532⨯D.711352⨯第10题图2014南沙一模102014黄埔一模1010.关于x 的一元二次方程x 2+kx -1=0的根的情况是(B )(A )有两个不相等的同号实数根 (B )有两个不相等的异号实数根 (C )有两个相等的实数根 (D )没有实数根 2014从化一模1616.如图5,正方形ABCD 的边长为2cm ,E 、F 分别是BC 、CD 的中点,连接BF 、DE , 则图中阴影部分的面积是 cm 2. 答案:832014番禺一模1616.已知圆锥的底面半径为10cm ,侧面积为2260cm π,设圆锥的母线与高的夹角为θ,则cos θ的值为.答案:12132014白云一模1616.如图2,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,∠B=90°,∠C=45°,AD=2,BC=8,E为图5BA Ox第16题AB的中点,EF∥DC交BC于点F.则EF的长= * . 答案:2014天河一模162014萝岗一模1616.一圆锥模型的底面半径为5cm ,母线长为7cm ,那么它的侧面积是﹡cm 2.(结果不取近似值). 答案:35π 2014增城一模1616.如图,AB 是⊙O 的直径,C 、D 是⊙O 上的点,︒=∠30CDB ,过点C 作⊙O 的切线交AB 的延长线于E ,则E sin 的值为*21**.2014越秀一模1616.已知α ,β是关于x 的一元二次方程x 2+(2m +3)x +m 2=0的两个不相等的实数根,且满足βα11+=﹣1,则m 的值是3.2014南沙一模1616.如图,矩形ABCD 中,AB=6,BC=8,E 是BC 边上的一定点,P 是CDA BCDEF 图2边上的一动点(不与点C、D重合),M,N分别是AE、PE的中点,记MN的长度为a,在点P运动过程a<<.中,a不断变化,则a的取值范围是452014年黄埔一模1616.已知等腰△ABC中,AB=AC,D是BC边上一点,连接AD,若△ACD和△ABD都是等腰三角形,则∠C的度数是45或36 .。
2014广州一模应用题汇编【白云】21.(本小题满分10分)为了帮助云南昭通地震灾区重建家园,某校号召师生自愿捐款.第一次捐款总额为2400元,第二次捐款总额为6800元.已知第二次捐款人数是第一次的2倍,而且人均捐款额比第一次多20元.求第一次捐款的人数.【从化】22.(本小题满分12分)为促进资源节约型和环境友好型社会建设,根据国家发改委实施“阶梯电价”的有关文件要求,广州市决定从2012年7月1日起对居民生活用电试行“阶梯电价”收费,具体收费标准(非夏季标准)见下表:一户居民一个月用电量的范围电费价格(单位:元/千瓦时)不超过200千瓦时的部分0.61超过200千瓦时,但不超过400千瓦时的部分0.66超过400千瓦时的部分0.91(1)如果小明家3月用电120度,则需交电费多少元?(2)求“超过200千瓦时,但不超过400千瓦时的部分”每月电费(元)与用电量(千瓦时)之间的函数关系式;(3)试行“阶梯电价”收费以后,小明家用电量多少千瓦时,其当月的平均电价每千瓦时不超过0.71元?【番禺】20.(本小题满分10分)去年“十一”黄金周期间,某旅行社接待“广州一日游”和“广州三日游”的旅客共1600人,收取旅游费129万元,其中一日游每人收费150元,三日游每人收费1200元.该旅行社接待的一日游和三日游旅客各多少人?21.(本小题满分12分)如图,某货船以海里/时的速度将一批货物从处运往正东方向的处,在点处测得某岛在北偏东的方向上.该货船航行分钟后到达处,此时再测得该岛在北偏东的方向上,已知在岛周围海里的区域内有暗礁.若继续向正东方向航行,该货船有无触礁危险?试说明理由.【花都】21、(本小题满分12分)小明参加400米的跑步比赛,他在跑后200米的速度比前200米的速度下降了10%,共用了80秒完成全程,求出小明在跑前200米的速度(精确到0.1米/秒)【黄埔】第21题图北60°30°23.(本小题满分12分)恒信专卖店专销某品牌钮扣电池,进价l2元/粒,售价20元/粒.为了促销,专卖店决定凡是一次性买10粒以上的,每多买一粒,单价就降低O.10元(例如.某人一次性买20粒,则每粒降价O.10×(20-10)=1元,就可以按19元/粒的价格购买,20粒只需380元购买),但是最低售价为16元/粒.设每一次性卖出x粒电池,商店的利润为y元.(1)请分段写出y与x的函数关系式;(2)有一天,一位顾客买了46粒,另一位顾客买了50粒,专卖店发现卖50粒反而比卖46粒赚的钱少,为了使每次卖的多赚钱也多,在其他促销条件不变的情况下,最低售价16元/粒至少要提高到多少?为什么?【荔湾】【萝岗】21.(本小题满分12分)在广州市快速公交(简称BRT)改造工程中,某施工小分队承担了100米道路的改造任务.为了缩短对施工现场围蔽的时间,在确保工程质量的前提下,该小分队实际施工时每天比原计划多改造道路10米,结果提前5天完成了任务,求原计划平均每天改造道路多少米?【南沙】22.(本小题满分12分)为了帮助贫困学生,姐妹两人分别编织28个中国结进行义卖,已知妹妹单独编织一周(7天)不能完成,而姐姐单独编织不到一周就已完成.姐姐平均每天比妹妹多编2个.求:(1)姐姐和妹妹平均每天各编多少个中国结?(答案取整数)(2)若妹妹先工作2天,姐姐才开始工作,那么姐姐工作几天,两人所编中国结数量相同?【天河】22.(本小题满分12分)甲、乙两车间计划一起用一批原材料制作同一种零件9000个.(1)列出原材料重量(千克)与平均每千克原材料生产零件(个)之间的函数关系式,若已知这批原材料重量超过990千克且不超过1010千克,请求出的可能取值;(2)乙车间比甲车间平均每小时多生产30个,甲车间生产600个零件与乙车间生产900个零件所用的时间相等,若设甲车间平均每小时生产a个零件,求a的值.【增城】23.(本题满分12分)如图,制作某金属工具先将材料煅烧分钟温度升到,再停止煅烧进行锻造,分钟温度降为;煅烧时温度()与时间(min)成一次函数关系;锻造时温度()与时间(min)成反比例函数关系;该材料初始温度是.(1)分别求出材料煅烧和锻造时与的函数关系式;(2)根据工艺要求,当材料温度低于时,须停止操作,那么锻造的操作时间有多长?6【省实】22.(12分)某市实施“农业立市,工业强市,旅游兴市”计划后,2009年全市荔枝种植面积为24万亩,调查分析结果显示,从2009年开始,该市荔枝种植面积(万亩)随着时间(年)逐年成直线上升,与之间的函数关系式如图所示。
广州市天河区2014年中考一模化学试卷本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分;第一部分1至4页,第二部分4至8页,共8页,满分100分。
考试时间80分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必在答题卡第1面和第3面上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名;同时填写考场试室号、座位号,再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
] 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束时,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
5.全卷共三大题29小题,请考生检查题数。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Cu 64第一部分选择题(共40分)一、选择题(本题包括20题,每小题2分,共40分)注意:每道选择题有四个选项,期中只有一项符合题意。
请用铅笔在答题卡上作答。
选错、不选、多选或涂改不清的,均不给分。
1.下列过程中发生了化学变化的是A.分离液态空气制氧气B.海水晒盐C.铜锌熔合制黄铜D.生石灰吸收水蒸气2.物质的俗名、化学式及所属类别都正确的是A.大理石CaCO3酸B.纯碱Na2CO3碱C.熟石灰Ca(OH)2碱D.烧碱NaOH 盐3.高锰酸钾(KMnO4)与锰酸钾(K2MnO4)中锰元素的化合价分别是A.+7、+6 B.-7、-6 C.+6、+5 D.-6、-5 4.新修订的《环境空气质量标准》增加了PM2.5监测指标,PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于 2.5微米的可吸入颗粒物。
下列做法不会..增加可吸入颗粒物的是A.燃放鞭炮B.使用太阳能热水器C.露天焚烧垃圾D.工厂排放烟尘5.生活中的下列物品,用合成材料制作的是A. 塑料洗衣盆B.纯羊毛衣服C. 铝合金门窗D.景德镇瓷器6.下列关于空气的说法中,正确的是A.法国化学家拉瓦锡研究了空气的成分,并得出氧气约占空气总质量1/5的结论B.空气中分离出的氮气用于食品防腐,是利用了氮气的物理性质A.酒精灯失火用湿抹布扑盖B.将KNO3倒入量筒中配制溶液C.研磨闻气味鉴别铵态氮肥D.分离溶液中析出的KNO3晶体C.空气中的氧气化学性质比较活泼,具有可燃性D.空气中含有少量的稀有气体,它们可以制成多种用途的电光源7.在一次化学实验操作考核中,某班同学有如下几种操作和应急措施,其中不正确的是8.下面是五种粒子的结构示意图,下列说法错误的是A.图中粒子共能表示四种元素B.图中表示阳离子的是 bC.图中表示阴离子的是c、eD.若b、e的元素符号分别为X、Y,那么它们能形成化学式为XY2的化合物9.镁是一种化学性质活泼的金属,在空气中常温下就能被缓慢氧化。
1.校服涂画中的个性与审美一考生校服作为一间学校的统一服饰,被画上憨厚可爱的机器猫,被潇洒飘逸的明星签名,这一现象不得不令人感慨中学生的奇思妙想,但同时也引发我们深思:各式校服涂画的背后藏着中学生何种诉求?依我之见,学生在整齐统一的校服上涂画,实则表达了他们张扬个性的强烈渴望。
他们对个人独特性的需求在服饰里寻得了突破口。
学校要求学生统一校服,原因无非有二。
一是为了杜绝学生间的穿戴攀比,二是为了保证整齐划一的笑容,熟不知这“整齐划一”的理念触动了学生的敏感神经。
在如今讲求个性化的时代,中国传统美学中的“整齐和谐”已不能满足中学生多元化的个性需要。
他们拒绝千篇一律的校园模式,拒绝千篇一律的教室构造,拒绝千篇一律的校服校鞋。
某种程度上来说,大班教学的教学模式已让学生沦为几十个学生中平庸的一员。
当教育使个人独特性丢失,学生们欲图寻找方式挣脱“整齐划一”,防止自己成为教育流水线上疑似“克隆”的商品,避免“相同的短发,相同的校服,相同的校鞋”复制出“相同的人”的尴尬场景出现。
究其根源,校服涂画不过是中学生想在茫茫人海中寻找自己的独特位置的方式罢了。
罗素曾说:“参差多态乃幸福本源。
”确实,整齐划一的校服难以满足中学生个性审美的需要,不符合现今时代多样化的审美标准。
康德曾写道:“美是一种无目的的快乐。
”某种程度上来说,统一的校服遏制了学生自由审美能力的发展。
在这个追求“一千个人心中有一千个哈姆雷特”的审美时代,学校却要求学生重拾“千人一面”的审美标准,未免有忽视学生审美教育,限制学生审美自由之嫌。
当西方国家的学生可以自由选择上课地点时,中国学生依然在为整齐划一的校服发愁,这不得不引起人深思。
诚然,校服涂画展示了学生的个性张扬和审美需求,学生的涂画现象可以被理解,无可厚非。
但是,机器猫和明星签名等等涂画内容必须使我们警惕。
虽然学生具备了审美能力,但似乎学生们的心理尚未成熟,尚未对美和个性有恰当合适的理解,倘若学生对个性的理解仅限于喜爱动漫和歌手明星,这种审美认识难免有些肤浅鄙陋。
2013-2014学年第二学期广州市第16中学初三一模二、语言知识与应用第一节单项选择(10分)16. Kate is _________ university student and she comes from _________ island in Malaysia.A. a, aB. an, anC. a, anD. an, the17. Don’t read ________ the sun. It is bad _______ your eyes.A. under, toB. in, toC. under, forD. in, for18. You can hardly catch the last train now, __________?A. can’t youB. can youC. do youD. don’t you19. I can’t believe it! We have _________ safely, after so many difficulties.A. arrivedB. reachedC. got toD. arrived in20. It was foolish ________ you __________ the test without preparation.A. for, to takeB. of, takingC. for, takingD. of, to take21. ----We’re going to fly to Paris. What about y ou?----We haven’t decided __________ our summer holiday.A.where to spendB. where should we spendC. that we should spendD. which to spend22. ----________ I put the rubbish here?----No, you _________. Look at the sign over there.A. May, needn’tB. Can, mustn’tC. May, don’tD. Can, don’t23. I finally came back to the house __________ I used to live for fifteen years.A. thatB. whichC. /D. where24. The supermarket _________ since two weeks ago.A. was openB. was openedC. has been openD. has been opened25. I often see them _________ football in the school sports field.A. practise playingB. practising playingC. practise to playD. practising to play第二节语法选择(10分)As teenagers, you have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize, ___26___ they can be small. You may just want to become one of the top ten students in your class.Once you find a dream,what do you do with it? Do you ever try to make your dream ___27___?Follow Your Heart by Australian writer Andrew Matthews tells us that making our dreams cometrue is life’s biggest challenge.You may think you’re not very good at some school subjects, or thatit is impossible for you ___28___ a writer. These kinds ofthoughts stop you from reaching your dream, the book says.In fact,everyone can make ___29___ dream come true. ___30___thing you must do is to remember what your dream is.Don’t let it leave your h eart. Keep ___31___ yourself whatyou want. Do this step by step and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is, in fact, made up of many small ones.There ___32___ difficulties on the road to your dreams. But the biggest one ___33___ from yourself. You need to decide what is the most important. Studying instead of watching TV will lead ___34___ better exam results. As you get ___35___ to your dream, it may change a little. This is good as you have the chance to learn more skills and find new interests.26. A. as B. but C. for D. or27. A. real B. reality C. really D. realize28. A. becomes B. to become C. becoming D. become29. A. his B. its C. their D. our30. A. Some B. A C. The D./31. A. to tell B. tells C. telling D. told32. A. will be B. will have C. have D. has33. A. come B. has come C. came D. comes34. A. by B. to C. in D. with35. A. closely B. closing C. closed D. closer三、完形填空Mrs. Robson put down the phone and crossed the hall into the living-room. It had not been an easy telephone call for her to ___36 ___. Her daughter had been very kind, of course, and had immediately agreed to pick her ___37 ___, but Mrs.Robson ___38 ___ to say that she needed help. Since her husband had died, she had decided to live in their little house, alone----and had ___39 ___ to go and live with her daughter.But on this evening, she was standing at her living room window, ___40 ___ out at the “SOLD” notice in the small front garden. Her feeling were ___41 ___. Certainly she was ___42 ___ at the thought of leaving the house, as it was full of so many memories. ___43 ___ at the same time, she was looking forward to spending her last years near the sea, back in the little ___44 ___ town where she had been born. With the money from the selling of the house, she had bought a little flat there.She turned from the living room window, and loked round the room. It was almost ___45 ___. There was only a small fish-tank, with two gold-fish swimming in it. Taking a last galnce at the empty living room, Mrs. Robson went upstairs to bed.36. A. make B. receive C. take D. have37. A. on B. up C. at D. over38. A. loved B. wanted C. hated D. decided39. A. asked B. preferred C. managed D. refused40. A. staring B. seeing C. pointing D. walking41. A. sad B. dead C. mixed D. simple42.A. angry B. sad C. happy D. worried43. A. And B. So C. But D. Or44. A. seaside B. roadside C. mountain D. far away45. A. broken B. messy C. full D. empty四、阅读理解(A)One day I was walking down a Mexican beach at sunset. As a walk along, I saw another man in the distance. I noticed that the local native kept leaning down, picking something up and throwing it out into the water. Tome and again he kept throwing things into the ocean.As I get closer, I noticed that the man was picking up starfish that had been washed up on the beach and, one at a time, he was throwing them back into the water.I was puzzled. I went up to the man and said, “Good evening, friend. I was w ondering what you are dong.”“I’m throwing these starfish back into the ocean. You see, it’s now tide right now and all of these starfish have been washed up onto the shore. If I don’t throw them back into the sea, they’ll die up here.”“I understand,” I replied, “But there must be thousands of starfish on this beach. You can't possibly get to all of them. There are simply too many. And don’t you realize this is probably happening on hundreds of beaches all up and down this coast? Can’t you see that you can’t possibly make a difference? ”The man smiled, bent down and picked up yet another starfish, and as he threw it back into the sea, he replied, “Make a difference to that one!”46. Why was the writer of the story puzzled when he first saw the man throwing starfish back into the ocean?A. He didn’t know what fish he was throwing back into the ocean.B. He didn’t understand why he was throwing the starfish.C. He thought that the man should not throw starfish one at a time.D. He thought that starfish should not be thrown back into the sea.47. Whay was the man throwing starfish back into the sea?A. He did not know what he was doing.B. He was just throwing starfish for fun..C. He was throwing the starfish to save their lives.D. He thought only starfish must be thrown back into the sea.48. When the writer said, “Can’t you see that you can’t possibly make a difference? ” he was suggesting that the man was _________.A. doing something very interestingB. very clever in what he was doingC. doing nothing interestingD. doing something meaningless49. What kind of impression of the man is the story trying to creat?A. A man full of love for nature.B. Just an ordinary man.C. A man very different from others.D. A man difficult to understand.50. What is the writer trying to tell us in this story?A. There is no difference between saving one or two lives and none at all.B. There is a great difference between human and animal lives.C. You can’t make any difference when you are saving just one life.D. You can always make a difference even when you are saving just one life.(B)Some animals are pets, some are wild, and many of them provide us with food. All have a different and important role in our lives.It is easy to forget that the steak at the supermarket was once part of a bull. But without domestic animals such as chickens and cattle, we would all be vegetarians, or a great deal of our time would need to be spent hunting.Wild animals attract sport hunters. For some people they are even an important source of food. When city people visit the wild, deer, bears, and other wild animals remind them of an older way of life.Pets, however, are the animals that mean a lot to most of us. They are good companions; they love us when we are not at our best. A pet can be a great comfort when life seems hard.For children, pets can be both fun and instructive. If a child cares for a pet, he or she learns to take responsibility for another being. Watching kittens or puppies being born can be a natural form of sex education. For children, as for adults, pets are loving companions and a help in tough time.An Indian chief once said, "Without our brothers, the animals, we would all be very lonely."I believe he was right.51. What is this article mainly about?A. Man and animals.B. Wild animals and pets.C. Different kinds of animals.D. Wild animals and hunters.52. In Paragraph 2, the underlined words “domestic animals” mean __________.A. 肉食动物B. 素食动物C. 野生动物D. 家畜53. In Paragraph 3, the phrase “an older way of life” refers to _________.A. an important way of lifeB. a life without petsC. a very different way of lifeD. a life depending on hunting54. Pets are important in our lives because they __________.A. provide us with food.B. are domestic animalsC. can be our good friendsD. can be very attractive.55. What does Indian chief mean in saying “Without our brothers, the animals, we would all be very lonely.”?A. Animals can be c\very lonely if they don’t live with us.B. Animals are so important for us that we can’t live without them.C. We would all be very lonely without pets.D. Only animals are important to the Indians.(C)Nowadays, people are trying to solve the energy problem in three ways. The first is to produce more energy by increasing common energy source. This means more nuclear power stations (原子能发电站), more money spent looking for oil and gas, and more coal taken from the ground. The problem whith these energy sources is that they are not renewable (可再生的).The other two ways are enerhy conservation and the use of renewable energy sources. Energy conservationThis means using energy without waste. It does not mean that our houes are colder and we have no light at night. It does mean that we do not waste the energy we use.Sweden is a country which imports(进口) 70% of its energy. Its people know the cost of energy and the importance of not wasting it. In Uppsala, temperatures are often below zero degrees. There, a man has built a house which he pays only 25 pounds a year to heat. The reason for this is insulation (绝缘). Insulation really means placing material between the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold out and the warmth in. The house is heated bythe body of the people inside it, and by the heat from the lights and the other equipment in the house.Renewable formsThese are often expensive to develop, and there are problems. Solar energy, for example, is not always available because the sun moves about the sky and there are many days when the weather is very bad.There is one source, however, which may become very important. This is geothermal energy or heat from the inside of the Earth. To move the heat, water would be pumped down into the rocks and back up to the surface. Heat from the earth is already used in certain parts of Iceland and New Zealand.When we have learnt how to use it properly, the Earth itself, together with the seas, the wind and the sun will almost certainly provide us with all the energy that we shall very need.56. According to the passage, common energy sources in the world are ___________.A. reusedB. wastedC. limitedD. rich57. Sweden is a country ___________.A. where everyone knows how to build a house.B. which is short of energy sourcesC. where all the houses are built with insulationD. which is rich enough to import energy sources.58. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?A. Solar energy is not always available.B. It’s too expensive to develop renewable energy sources.C. Geothermal energy will become one of the important energy sources.D. The wind is a renewable energy source.59. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A. solar energyB. waterC. geothermal energyD. energy60. According to the passage, it can be concluded that __________.A. energy problem will become more serious in the future.B. it is still difficult for people to solve energy problems today.C. geothermal energy will be used instead of other energy sources.D. energy problems will be solved someday in the future.(D)VisasTravelers to France must have a valid passport(有效护照). Visitors from EEC (欧共体) countries and America do not need visas, but visitors from other countries should contact the nearest French consulate (领事馆) or tourist office about getting one before travelling.ArrivalYou could arrive at one of the two airports serving Paris.Charles de Gaulle is bigger and more modern. You can take a comfortable and inexpensive Air France bus to Porte Millot in the 16th district, then take a bus, the Metro or a taxi to your hotel. There are also city buses (No.350 and 351) which go into Eastern Paris, Nation and the Gare de Train Station. A taxi takes about 40 to 50 minutes to reach the centre, and costs about 170Francs.Add another 30 minutes fir rush hours.Orly is the other major airport, which have mostly domestic flights. Air France buses go to the Invalides Terminal, a convenient drop off place, where you can take the Metro or RER directly. A city bus (Orly bus) comes into the southern end of Paris at the Denfer-Rochereau Metro Station every 15 minutes. A taxi ride, not during rush hour, takes 30-40 minutes and costs about 120 Francs.If you arrive at a station, you can follow the clearly posted signs towards the Metro or taxi stands.MoneyMany banks in Paris will change cash or travelers’ checks, and there are no special differences in rates(比率). Banking hours are 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on weekdays. The exchanges window at the Gare du Nord is open until 10 p.m. on weekdays, and other station banks are open until 8 p.m. There are automatic(自动的) exchange machines at the Opera (the BNP Bank) and at No.66 on the Champs-Elysees that will change other bills into Francs. International VISA cards can be used in automatic tellers at many city banks.If you lose your credit card, here are some hotline numbers: American Express (Tel: 4777-7200); Diners Club (Tel: 4762-7575); Carte Bleu Visa (Tel: 4277-1190).61. Who don’t need a visa when visiting France?A. GermansB. AustraliansC. ChineseD. Japanese62. It will take you about __________ from Charles de Gaulle Airport to the centre of Paris by car during the rush hours.A. 30 minutesB. 40 minutesC. 50 minutesD. 70 minutes63. If you want to go to the southern end of Paris, you’d better take __________.A. a No.351 busB. a No. 350 busC. an Orly busD. an Air France bus64. Money can be exchanged in __________.A. any bank in Paris before 9 a.m.B. many banks after 4:30 p.m.C. Gare du Nord after 10 p.m.D. an automatic exchange machines at any time.65. From the passage we can learn that __________.A. there are many tourists in Paris every year.B. during rush hours there are traffic jams in Paris.C. the best time for tourists to visit Paris is during weekdays.D. it is not very convenient for tourists to go to Paris by train.五、写作第一节根据首字母写单词。