For reasons of economy, this document is printed in a limited number. Delegates are
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION
IMO
E
SUB-COMMITTEE ON STANDARDS OF
TRAINING AND WATCHKEEPING
41st session
Agenda item 7
STW 41/WP.5 13 January 2010
Original: ENGLISH DISCLAIMER
As at its date of issue, this document, in whole or in part, is subject to consideration by the IMO organ
to which it has been submitted. Accordingly, its contents are subject to approval and amendment
of a substantive and drafting nature, which may be agreed after that date.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE STCW CONVENTION AND THE STCW CODE
Chapters IV, VII and VIII
Report of the Drafting Group
1 The Drafting Group on the comprehensive review of chapters IV, VII and VIII of the STCW Convention and the STCW Code met from 1
2 to1
3 January 2010 under the chairmanship of Mr. Sibrand Hassing (Netherlands).
2 The Group was attended by representatives from the following Member Governments:
DENMARK GERMANY
ITALY
JAPAN POLAND
REPUBLIC OF KOREA SPAIN UNITED STATES
and the following specialized agencies and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations in consultative status:
CRUISE LINES INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION (CLIA)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (EC)
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF SHIPMASTERS’ ASSOCIATIONS (IFSMA) INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING FEDERATION (ISF)
INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT WORKERS’ FEDERATION (ITF)
Terms of reference
3 Taking into account the comments and decisions made in the plenary, the Drafting Group should consider relevant proposals in documents referred to it by the plenary submitted under agenda items 7.4, 7.7 and 7.8:
.1 review the preliminary revised draft text of chapter IV of the STCW Convention,
part A and part B of the STCW Code, as prepared by STW 40 and finalize the
text;
STW 41/WP.5 - 2 -
.2 review the draft amended text of chapters VII and VIII of the STCW Convention and part A and part B of the STCW Code, as prepared by the second Ad hoc
intersessional STW Working Group on the comprehensive review of the STCW
Convention and Code and finalize the text;
and submit its report to the plenary on Thursday, 14 January 2010.
C HAPTER IV OF THE STCW C ONVENTION,P ART A AN
D P ART B OF TH
E STCW C ODE
4 The Group reviewed the the preliminary revised draft text of chapter IV of the STCW Convention, part A and part B of the STCW Code, as prepared by STW 40 (STW 41/7) and, taking into account the comments and recommendations made in plenary, prepared the draft amended text for consideration by the Sub-Committee, as set out in annexes 1, 2 and 3.
C HAPTER VII OF THE STCW C ONVENTION,P ART A AN
D P ART B OF TH
E STCW C ODE
5 The Group reviewed the amended text of chapter VII of the STCW Convention and part A and part B of the STCW Code, as prepared by the second Ad hoc intersessional STW Working Group on the comprehensive review of the STCW Convention and Code (STW 41/7/7), taking into account the proposed amendments submitted by Austria, et al. (STW 41/7/49) and the comments and recommendations made in plenary.
6 The Group identified an inconsistency in relation to document STW 41/7/49 and STW/ISWG 2/
7 with respect to the use of the wording “the equivalent of” in paragraph 4.3 of section A-VII/2. The Group was of the opinion that the text for all three options should be consistent and therefore deleted the wording “the equivalent of” in paragraph 4.3.
7 The Group prepared the draft amended text of chapter VII of the STCW Convention and part A and part B of the STCW Code for consideration by the Sub-Committee, as set out in annexes 4, 5 and 6.
C HAPTER VIII OF THE STCW C ONVENTION,P ART A AN
D P ART B OF TH
E STCW C ODE
8 The Group reviewed the amended text of chapter VIII of the STCW Convention and part A and part B of the STCW Code, as prepared by the second Ad hoc intersessional STW Working Group on the comprehensive review of the STCW Convention and Code (STW 41/7/8), taking into account the proposed amendments submitted by Norway (STW 41/7/38) and Austria, et al. (STW 41/7/50) and the comments and recommendations made in plenary.
9 The Group identified a potential misunderstanding of the proposed paragraph 9bis of section A-VIII/1 of the STCW Code in document STW 41/7/50 and, following consultation with the co-sponsors, prepared a corrected draft text in line with the aim of the proposal. In addition, the new paragraph proposed for section B-VIII/1 of the STCW Code was inserted after paragraph 3 as paragraph 3bis, as it was identified as an editorial mistake.
10 As instructed, the Group incorporated into square brackets the text proposed in documents STW 41/7/38 and STW 41/7/50, concerning paragraph 9 of section A-VIII/1, and the new paragraph 3bis of section B-VIII/1, of the STCW Code. It was noted that two different
- 3 - STW 41/WP.5 .1 the revised new paragraph 9 and 9bis, as proposed by Austria, et al.
(STW 41/7/50), together with the associated new paragraph 3bis in
section B-VIII/1 of the STCW Code; and
.2 the new paragraph 9, as proposed by Norway (STW 41/7/38).
11 The Group prepared the draft amended text of chapter VIII of the STCW Convention and part A and part B of the STCW Code for consideration by the Sub-Committee, as set out in annexes 7, 8 and 9.
Action requested of the Sub-Committee
12 The Sub-Committee is invited to approve the report in general and, in particular, to approve the amended draft text of:
.1 chapter IV of the STCW Convention and Code (paragraph 4 and annexes 1 to 3);
2. chapter VII of the STCW Convention and Code (paragraph 7 and annexes 4 to 6);
and
3. chapter VIII of the STCW Convention and Code (paragraph 11 and annexes 7
to 9).
***
STW 41/WP.5
ANNEX 7
DRAFT AMENDED TEXT OF CHAPTER VIII OF THE STANDARDS TRAINING, CERTIFICATION AND WATCHKEEPING (STCW) CONVENTION
CHAPTER VIII
Watchkeeping
Note: Deleted text is shown as strikethrough and new text is shown shaded.
Regulation VIII/1
Fitness for duty
1 Each Administration shall, for the purpose of preventing fatigue:
.1 establish and enforce rest periods for watchkeeping personnel, and
.1 establish and enforce rest periods for watchkeeping personnel and those whose duties involve designated safety, prevention of pollution and security duties in
accordance with the provisions of section A-VIII/1 of the STCW Code; and .2 require that watch systems are so arranged that the efficiency of all watchkeeping personnel is not impaired by fatigue and that duties are so organized that the first
watch at the commencement of a voyage and subsequent relieving watches are
sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for duty.
2 Each Administration shall, for the purpose of preventing drug and alcohol abuse, ensure that adequate measures are established in accordance with the provisions of section A-VIII/1 while taking into account the guidance given in section B-VIII/1 of the STCW Code. Regulation VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed
1 Administrations shall direct the attention of companies, masters, chief engineer officers and all watchkeeping personnel to the requirements, principles and guidance set out in the STCW Code which shall be observed to ensure that a safe continuous watch or watches appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions are maintained in all seagoing ships at all times.
2 Administrations shall require the master of every ship to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are adequate for maintaining a safe watch or watches, taking into account the prevailing circumstances and conditions and that, under the master’s general direction: .1 officers in charge of the navigational watch are responsible for navigating the ship safely during their periods of duty, when they shall be physically present on the
navigating bridge or in a directly associated location such as the chartroom or
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Page 2
.2 radio operators are responsible for maintaining a continuous radio watch on appropriate frequencies during their periods of duty;
.3 officers in charge of an engineering watch, as defined in the STCW Code and under the direction of the chief engineer officer, shall be immediately available
and on call to attend the machinery spaces and, when required, shall be physically
present in the machinery space during their periods of responsibility;
.4 an appropriate and effective watch or watches are maintained for the purpose of safety at all times, while the ship is at anchor or moored and, if the ship is carrying
hazardous cargo, the organization of such watch or watches takes full account of
the nature, quantity, packing and stowage of the hazardous cargo and of any
special conditions prevailing on board, afloat or ashore; and
.5 as applicable, an appropriate and effective watch or watches are maintained for the purposes of security.
***
STW 41/WP.5
ANNEX 8
DRAFT AMENDED TEXT OF CHAPTER VIII OF THE SEAFARERS’ TRAINING, CERTIFICATION AND WATCHKEEPING (STCW) CODE
PART A
Mandatory standards regarding provisions of the annex to the STCW Convention
Chapter VIII
Standards regarding watchkeeping
Note: Deleted text is shown as strikethrough and new text is shown shaded.
Section A-VIII/1
Fitness for duty
1 Administrations shall take account of the danger posed by fatigue of seafarers, especially those whose duties involve the safe and secure operation of a ship.
12 All persons who are assigned duty as officer in charge of a watch or as a rating forming part of a watch, and those whose duties involve designated safety, prevention of pollution and security duties shall be provided minimum of 10 hours of rest in any 24-hour period with a rest period of not less than:
.1 minimum of 10 hours of rest in any 24-hour period; and
.2 77 hours in any 7-day period.
23 The hours of rest may be divided into no more than two periods, one of which shall be at least 6 hours in length, and the intervals between consecutive periods of rest shall not exceed 14 hours.
34 The requirements for rest periods laid down in paragraphs 1 2 and 2 3 need not be maintained in the case of an emergency or drill or in other overriding operational conditions. Musters, fire-fighting and lifeboat drills, and drills prescribed by national laws and regulations and by international instruments, shall be conducted in a manner that minimizes the disturbance of rest periods and does not induce fatigue.
4 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, the minimum period of ten hours may be reduced to not less than 6 consecutive hours provided that any such reduction shall not extend beyond two days and not less than 70 hours of rest are provided each 7-day period.
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5 Administrations shall require that watch schedules be posted where they are easily accessible. The schedules shall be established in a standardized format? in the working language or languages of the ship and in English.
6 When a seafarer is on call, such as when a machinery space is unattended, the seafarer shall have an adequate compensatory rest period if the normal period of rest is disturbed by call-outs to work.
7 Administrations shall require that records of daily hours of rest of seafarers be maintained in a standardized format?, in the working language or languages of the ship and in English, to allow monitoring and verification of compliance with the provisions of this section. The seafarers shall receive a copy of the records pertaining to them, which shall be endorsed by the master, or a person authorized by the master, and by the seafarers.
8 Nothing in this section shall be deemed to impair the right of the master of a ship to require a seafarer to perform any hours of work necessary for the immediate safety of the ship, persons on board or cargo, or for the purpose of giving assistance to other ships or persons in distress at sea. Accordingly, the master may suspend the schedule of hours of rest and require a seafarer to perform any hours of work necessary until the normal situation has been restored. As soon as practicable after the normal situation has been restored, the master shall ensure that any seafarers who have performed work in a scheduled rest period are provided with an adequate period of rest.
[9 Nothing in this Convention shall prevent Parties from applying exceptions to the above limits, as provided for by other relevant international Conventions. These exceptions shall under no circumstances be less than 70 hours of rest in any 7-day period. They shall, as far as possible, follow the standards set out but may take account of more frequent or longer leave periods, or the granting of compensatory leave for watchkeeping seafarers or seafarers working on board ship on short voyages.]
9bis Such exceptions shall, as far as possible, follow the standards set out, while taking into account the guidance regarding prevention of fatigue laid down in section B VIII/1.]
[9 Parties may grant exemptions from the required hours of rest in paragraph 2.2 above provided that the rest period under no circumstances is less than 70 hours in any 7-day period. Such exemptions shall not be given for more than two consecutive weeks and shall as far as possible take into account the guidance regarding prevention of fatigue laid down in section B-VIII/1.]
10 Each Administration shall establish, for the purpose of preventing alcohol abuse, a limit of not greater than 0.05% blood alcohol level (BAC) or 0.25 mg/l alcohol in the breath or a quantity of alcohol leading to such alcohol concentration for masters, officers and other seafarers while performing designated safety, security and marine environmental duties.
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Page 3
Section A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed
PART 1 – CERTIFICATION
1 The officer in charge of the navigational or deck watch shall be duly qualified in accordance with the provisions of chapter II, or chapter VII appropriate to the duties related to navigational or deck watchkeeping.
2 The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall be duly qualified in accordance with the provisions of chapter III, or chapter VII appropriate to the duties related to engineering watchkeeping.
PART 2 – VOYAGE PLANNING
General requirements
3 The intended voyage shall be planned in advance, taking into consideration all pertinent information, and any course laid down shall be checked before the voyage commences.
4 The chief engineer officer shall, in consultation with the master, determine in advance the needs of the intended voyage, taking into consideration the requirements for fuel, water, lubricants, chemicals, expendable and other spare parts, tools, supplies and any other requirements.
Planning prior to each voyage
5 Prior to each voyage the master of every ship shall ensure that the intended route from the port of departure to the first port of call is planned using adequate and appropriate charts and other nautical publications necessary for the intended voyage, containing accurate, complete and up-to-date information regarding those navigational limitations and hazards which are of a permanent or predictable nature and which are relevant to the safe navigation of the ship. Verification and display of planned route
6 When the route planning is verified, taking into consideration all pertinent information, the planned route shall be clearly displayed on appropriate charts and shall be continuously available to the officer in charge of the watch, who shall verify each course to be followed prior to using it during the voyage.
Deviation from planned route
7 If a decision is made, during a voyage, to change the next port of call of the planned route, or if it is necessary for the ship to deviate substantially from the planned route for other reasons, then an amended route shall be planned prior to deviating substantially from the route originally planned.
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Page 4
PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL
8 Watches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and engine-room resource management principles:
.1 proper arrangements for watchkeeping personnel shall be ensured in accordance with the situations;
.2 any limitation in qualifications or fitness of individuals shall be taken into account when deploying watchkeeping personnel;
.3 understanding of watchkeeping personnel regarding their individual roles, responsibility and team roles shall be established;
.4 the master, chief engineer officer and officer in charge of watch duties shall maintain a proper watch, making the most effective use of the resources available
such as information, installations/equipment and other personnel;
.5 watchkeeping personnel shall understand functions and operation of installations/equipment, and be familiar with handling them;
.6 watchkeeping personnel shall understand information and how to respond to information from each station/installation/equipment;
.7 information from the stations/installations/equipment shall be appropriately shared by all the watchkeeping personnel;
.8 watchkeeping personnel shall maintain an exchange of appropriate communication in any situation; and
.9 watchkeeping personnel shall notify the master/chief engineer officer/officer in charge of watch duties without any hesitation when in any doubt as to what action
to take in the interest of safety.
PART 34 – WATCHKEEPING AT SEA
Principles applying to watchkeeping generally
89 Parties shall direct the attention of companies, masters, chief engineer officers and watchkeeping personnel to the following principles, which shall be observed to ensure that safe watches are maintained at all times.
910 The master of every ship is bound to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are adequate for maintaining a safe navigational or cargo watch. Under the master’s general direction, the officers of the navigational watch are responsible for navigating the ship safely during their periods of duty, when they will be particularly concerned with avoiding collision and stranding. 1011 The chief engineer officer of every ship is bound, in consultation with the master, to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are adequate to maintain a safe engineering watch.
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Page 5
Protection of marine environment
1112 The master, officers and ratings shall be aware of the serious effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine environment and shall take all possible precautions to prevent such pollution, particularly within the framework of relevant international and port regulations.
Part 3 4-1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch
1213 The officer in charge of the navigational watch is the master’s representative and is primarily responsible at all times for the safe navigation of the ship and for complying with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972.
Lookout
1314 A proper lookout shall be maintained at all times in compliance with rule 5 of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 and shall serve the purpose of: .1 maintaining a continuous state of vigilance by sight and hearing as well as by all other available means, with regard to any significant change in the operating
environment;
.2 fully appraising the situation and the risk of collision, stranding and other dangers to navigation; and
.3 detecting ships or aircraft in distress, shipwrecked persons, wrecks, debris and other hazards to safe navigation.
1415 The lookout must be able to give full attention to the keeping of a proper lookout and no other duties shall be undertaken or assigned which could interfere with that task.
1516 The duties of the lookout and helmsperson are separate and the helmsperson shall not be considered to be the lookout while steering, except in small ships where an unobstructed all-round view is provided at the steering position and there is no impairment of night vision or other impediment to the keeping of a proper lookout. The officer in charge of the navigational watch may be the sole lookout in daylight provided that on each such occasion:
.1 the situation has been carefully assessed and it has been established without doubt that it is safe to do so;
.2 full account has been taken of all relevant factors, including, but not limited to:
- state of weather,
- visibility,
- traffic density,
- proximity of dangers to navigation, and
- the attention necessary when navigating in or near traffic separation schemes;
and
.3 assistance is immediately available to be summoned to the bridge when any
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1617 In determining that the composition of the navigational watch is adequate to ensure that a proper lookout can continuously be maintained, the master shall take into account all relevant factors, including those described in this section of the Code, as well as the following factors:
.1 visibility, state of weather and sea;
.2 traffic density, and other activities occurring in the area in which the vessel is navigating;
.3 the attention necessary when navigating in or near traffic separation schemes or other routeing measures;
.4 the additional workload caused by the nature of the ship’s functions, immediate operating requirements and anticipated manoeuvres;
.5 the fitness for duty of any crew members on call who are assigned as members of the watch;
.6 knowledge of, and confidence in, the professional competence of the ship’s officers and crew;
.7 the experience of each officer of the navigational watch, and the familiarity of that officer with the ship’s equipment, procedures, and manoeuvring capability;
.8 activities taking place on board the ship at any particular time, including radiocommunication activities, and the availability of assistance to be summoned
immediately to the bridge when necessary;
.9 the operational status of bridge instrumentation and controls, including alarm systems;
.10 rudder and propeller control and ship manoeuvring characteristics;
.11 the size of the ship and the field of vision available from the conning position;
.12 the configuration of the bridge, to the extent such configuration might inhibit a member of the watch from detecting by sight or hearing any external
development; and
.13 any other relevant standard, procedure or guidance relating to watchkeeping arrangements and fitness for duty which has been adopted by the Organization. Watch arrangements
1718 When deciding the composition of the watch on the bridge, which may include appropriately qualified ratings, the following factors, inter alia, shall be taken into account: .1 at no time shall the bridge be left unattended;
STW 41/WP.5
ANNEX 8
Page 7 .3 proximity of navigational hazards which may make it necessary for the officer in charge of the watch to carry out additional navigational duties;
.4 use and operational condition of navigational aids such as ECDIS, radar or electronic position-indicating devices and any other equipment affecting the safe
navigation of the ship;
.5 whether the ship is fitted with automatic steering;
.6 whether there are radio duties to be performed;
.7 unmanned machinery space (UMS) controls, alarms and indicators provided on the bridge, procedures for their use and limitations; and
.8 any unusual demands on the navigational watch that may arise as a result of special operational circumstances.
Taking over the watch
1819 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not hand over the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, in which case the master shall be notified.
1920 The relieving officer shall ensure that the members of the relieving watch are fully capable of performing their duties, particularly as regards their adjustment to night vision. Relieving officers shall not take over the watch until their vision is fully adjusted to the light conditions.
2021 Prior to taking over the watch, relieving officers shall satisfy themselves as to the ship’s estimated or true position and confirm its intended track, course and speed, and UMS controls as appropriate and shall note any dangers to navigation expected to be encountered during their watch.
2122 Relieving officers shall personally satisfy themselves regarding the:
.1 standing orders and other special instructions of the master relating to navigation of the ship;
.2 position, course, speed and draught of the ship;
.3 prevailing and predicted tides, currents, weather, visibility and the effect of these factors upon course and speed;
.4 procedures for the use of main engines to manoeuvre when the main engines are on bridge control; and
including but not limited to:
situation,
.5 navigational
.5.1 the operational condition of all navigational and safety equipment being
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ANNEX 8
Page 8
.5.2 the errors of gyro- and magnetic compasses,
.5.3 the presence and movement of ships in sight or known to be in the vicinity,
.5.4 the conditions and hazards likely to be encountered during the watch, and
.5.5 the possible effects of heel, trim, water density and squat on under-keel clearance.
2223 If at any time the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to be relieved when a manoeuvre or other action to avoid any hazard is taking place, the relief of that officer shall be deferred until such action has been completed.
Performing the navigational watch
2324 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall:
.1 keep the watch on the bridge;
.2 in no circumstances leave the bridge until properly relieved; and
.3 continue to be responsible for the safe navigation of the ship, despite the presence of the master on the bridge, until informed specifically that the master has
assumed that responsibility and this is mutually understood.
.4 notify the master when in any doubt as to what action to take in the interest of safety.
2425 During the watch the course steered, position and speed shall be checked at sufficiently frequent intervals, using any available navigational aids necessary, to ensure that the ship follows the planned course.
2526 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall have full knowledge of the location and operation of all safety and navigational equipment on board the ship and shall be aware and take account of the operating limitations of such equipment.
2627 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not be assigned or undertake any duties which would interfere with the safe navigation of the ship.
27 Officers of the navigational watch shall make the most effective use of all navigational equipment at their disposal
28 When using radar, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall bear in mind the necessity to comply at all times with the provisions on the use of radar contained in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 in force.
29 In cases of need, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not hesitate to use the helm, engines and sound signalling apparatus. However, timely notice of intended variations of engine speed shall be given where possible or effective use made of UMS engine controls
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30 Officers of the navigational watch shall know the handling characteristics of their ship, including its stopping distances, and should appreciate that other ships may have different handling characteristics.
31 A proper record shall be kept during the watch of the movements and activities relating to the navigation of the ship.
32 It is of special importance that at all times the officer in charge of the navigational watch ensures that a proper lookout is maintained. In a ship with a separate chartroom the officer in charge of the navigational watch may visit the chartroom, when essential, for a short period for the necessary performance of navigational duties, but shall first ensure that it is safe to do so and that proper lookout is maintained.
33 Operational tests of shipboard navigational equipment shall be carried out at sea as frequently as practicable and as circumstances permit, in particular before hazardous conditions affecting navigation are expected. Whenever appropriate, these tests shall be recorded. Such tests shall also be carried out prior to port arrival and departure.
34 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall make regular checks to ensure that:
.1 the person steering the ship or the automatic pilot is steering the correct course;
.2 the standard compass error is determined at least once a watch and, when possible, after any major alteration of course; the standard and gyro-compasses are
frequently compared and repeaters are synchronized with their master compass;
.3 the automatic pilot is tested manually at least once a watch;
.4 the navigation and signal lights and other navigational equipment are functioning properly;
.5 the radio equipment is functioning properly in accordance with paragraph 86 of this section; and
.6 the UMS controls, alarms and indicators are functioning properly.
35 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall bear in mind the necessity to comply at all times with the requirements in force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974*. The officer of the navigational watch shall take into account: .1 the need to station a person to steer the ship and to put the steering into manual control in good time to allow any potentially hazardous situation to be dealt with
in a safe manner; and
.2 that with a ship under automatic steering it is highly dangerous to allow a situation to develop to the point where the officer in charge of the navigational watch is
without assistance and has to break the continuity of the lookout in order to take
emergency action.
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36 Officers of the navigational watch shall be thoroughly familiar with the use of all electronic navigational aids carried, including their capabilities and limitations, and shall use each of these aids when appropriate and shall bear in mind that the echo-sounder is a valuable navigational aid.
37 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall use the radar whenever restricted visibility is encountered or expected, and at all times in congested waters, having due regard to its limitations.
38 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall ensure that range scales employed are changed at sufficiently frequent intervals so that echoes are detected as early as possible. It shall be borne in mind that small or poor echoes may escape detection.
39 Whenever radar is in use, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall select an appropriate range scale and observe the display carefully, and shall ensure that plotting or systematic analysis is commenced in ample time.
40 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall notify the master immediately:
is encountered or expected;
visibility
restricted
.1 if
.2 if the traffic conditions or the movements of other ships are causing concern;
.3 if difficulty is experienced in maintaining course;
.4 on failure to sight land, a navigation mark or to obtain soundings by the expected time;
.5 if, unexpectedly, land or a navigation mark is sighted or a change in soundings occurs;
.6 on breakdown of the engines, propulsion machinery remote control, steering gear or any essential navigational equipment, alarm or indicator;
.7 if the radio equipment malfunctions;
.8 in heavy weather, if in any doubt about the possibility of weather damage;
.9 if the ship meets any hazard to navigation, such as ice or a derelict; and
.10 in any other emergency or if in any doubt.
41 Despite the requirement to notify the master immediately in the foregoing circumstances, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall in addition not hesitate to take immediate action for the safety of the ship, where circumstances so require.
42 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall give watchkeeping personnel all appropriate instructions and information which will ensure the keeping of a safe watch, including a proper lookout.
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Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
Clear weather
43 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall take frequent and accurate compass bearings of approaching ships as a means of early detection of risk of collision and bear in mind that such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large ship or a tow or when approaching a ship at close range. The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall also take early and positive action in compliance with the applicable International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, and subsequently check that such action is having the desired effect.
44 In clear weather, whenever possible, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall carry out radar practice.
Restricted visibility
45 When restricted visibility is encountered or expected, the first responsibility of the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to comply with the relevant rules of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 with particular regard to the sounding of fog signals, proceeding at a safe speed and having the engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. In addition, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall:
master;
.1 inform
the
.2 post a proper lookout;
.3 exhibit navigation lights; and
.4 operate and use the radar.
In hours of darkness
46 The master and the officer in charge of the navigational watch, when arranging lookout duty, shall have due regard to the bridge equipment and navigational aids available for use, their limitations, procedures and safeguards implemented.
Coastal and congested waters
47 The largest scale chart on board, suitable for the area and corrected with the latest available information, shall be used. Fixes shall be taken at frequent intervals, and shall be carried out by more than one method whenever circumstances allow. When using ECDIS, appropriate usage code (scale) electronic navigational nautical charts shall be used and the ship’s position shall be checked by an independent means of position fixing at appropriate intervals.
48 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall positively identify all relevant navigation marks.
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Navigation with pilot on board
49 Despite the duties and obligations of pilots, their presence on board does not relieve the master or officer in charge of the navigational watch from their duties and obligations for the safety of the ship. The master and the pilot shall exchange information regarding navigation procedures, local conditions and the ship’s characteristics. The master and/or the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall co-operate closely with the pilot and maintain an accurate check on the ship’s position and movement.
50 If in any doubt as to the pilot’s actions or intentions, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall seek clarification from the pilot and, if doubt still exists, shall notify the master immediately and take whatever action is necessary before the master arrives.
Ship at anchor
51 If the master considers it necessary, a continuous navigational watch shall be maintained at anchor. While at anchor, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall:
.1 determine and plot the ship’s position on the appropriate chart as soon as practicable;
.2 when circumstances permit, check at sufficiently frequent intervals whether the ship is remaining securely at anchor by taking bearings of fixed navigation marks
or readily identifiable shore objects;
.3 ensure that proper lookout is maintained;
.4 ensure that inspection rounds of the ship are made periodically;
.5 observe meteorological and tidal conditions and the state of the sea;
.6 notify the master and undertake all necessary measures if the ship drags anchor;
.7 ensure that the state of readiness of the main engines and other machinery is in accordance with the master’s instructions;
visibility
deteriorates, notify the master;
.8 if
.9 ensure that the ship exhibits the appropriate lights and shapes and that appropriate sound signals are made in accordance with all applicable regulations; and .10 take measures to protect the environment from pollution by the ship and comply with applicable pollution regulations.
Part 34-2 – Principles to be observed in keeping an engineering watch
52 The
engineering watch as used in parts 3 4-2, 4 5-2 and 4 5-4 of this section means term
either a person or a group of personnel comprising the watch or a period of responsibility for an officer during which the physical presence in machinery spaces of that officer may or may not be
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officer in charge of the engineering watch is the chief engineer officer’s representative 53 The
and is primarily responsible, at all times, for the safe and efficient operation and upkeep of machinery affecting the safety of the ship and is responsible for the inspection, operation and testing, as required, of all machinery and equipment under the responsibility of the engineering watch.
Watch arrangements
54 The composition of the engineering watch shall, at all times, be adequate to ensure the safe operation of all machinery affecting the operation of the ship, in either automated or manual mode, and be appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.
55 When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include appropriately qualified ratings, the following criteria, inter alia, shall be taken into account:
.1 the type of ship and the type and condition of the machinery;
.2 the adequate supervision, at all times, of machinery affecting the safe operation of the ship;
.3 any special modes of operation dictated by conditions such as weather, ice, contaminated water, shallow water, emergency conditions, damage containment
or pollution abatement;
.4 the qualifications and experience of the engineering watch;
.5 the safety of life, ship, cargo and port, and protection of the environment;
.6 the observance of international, national and local regulations; and
.7 maintaining the normal operations of the ship.
Taking over the watch
56 The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall not hand over the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is obviously not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, in which case the chief engineer officer shall be notified.
57 The relieving officer of the engineering watch shall ensure that the members of the relieving engineering watch are apparently fully capable of performing their duties effectively.
58 Prior to taking over the engineering watch, relieving officers shall satisfy themselves regarding at least the following:
.1 the standing orders and special instructions of the chief engineer officer relating to the operation of the ship’s systems and machinery;
.2 the nature of all work being performed on machinery and systems, the personnel involved and potential hazards;
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.3 the level and, where applicable, the condition of water or residues in bilges, ballast tanks, slop tanks, reserve tanks, fresh water tanks, sewage tanks and any special
requirements for use or disposal of the contents thereof;
.4 the condition and level of fuel in the reserve tanks, settling tank, day tank and other fuel storage facilities;
.5 any special requirements relating to sanitary system disposals;
.6 condition and mode of operation of the various main and auxiliary systems, including the electrical power distribution system;
.7 where applicable, the condition of monitoring and control console equipment, and which equipment is being operated manually;
.8 where applicable, the condition and mode of operation of automatic boiler controls such as flame safeguard control systems, limit control systems,
combustion control systems, fuel-supply control systems and other equipment
related to the operation of steam boilers;
.9 any potentially adverse conditions resulting from bad weather, ice, or contaminated or shallow water;
.10 any special modes of operation dictated by equipment failure or adverse ship conditions;
.11 the reports of engine-room ratings relating to their assigned duties;
.12 the availability of fire-fighting appliances; and
.13 the state of completion of engine-room log.
Performing the engineering watch
59 The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that the established watchkeeping arrangements are maintained and that, under direction, engine-room ratings, if forming part of the engineering watch, assist in the safe and efficient operation of the propulsion machinery and auxiliary equipment.
60 The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall continue to be responsible for machinery-space operations, despite the presence of the chief engineer officer in the machinery spaces, until specifically informed that the chief engineer officer has assumed that responsibility and this is mutually understood.
61 All members of the engineering watch shall be familiar with their assigned watchkeeping duties. In addition, every member shall, with respect to the ship they are serving in, have knowledge of:
.1 the use of appropriate internal communication systems;
三年级英语下册 Module1 一、词汇 名词类：song歌曲；TV电视台；colour颜色 形容词类：favourite最喜欢的 二、习惯搭配、短语 my school/ teacher我的学校/老师School TV 学校电视台what colour 什么颜色your favourite song/colour/letter 你最喜欢的歌曲/颜色/字母 my favourite song/colour/letter我最喜欢的歌曲/颜色/字母 三、句型 1、感谢的表达。Thank you to…感谢你…… 2、询问对方最喜欢的某物是什么东西及回答。 ——What is your favourite…？你最喜欢的……是什么？ ——My favourite is…我最喜欢的是…… 3、递给对方东西时的表达。Here you are.给你。 4、询问颜色的句型。 ——What colour？什么颜色？——It is…它是…… 5、询问远处物品是什么及回答。 ——What is that？那是什么？ ——It is…它是…… 四、语法 1、what引导的特使疑问句。 2、here开头的倒装句。 3、含有be动词的一般现在时。 Module2 一、词汇 形容词类：short矮的；tall高的；small小的；big大的；thin瘦的；fat胖的 动物类：elephant大象；tiger老虎；lion狮子；monkey猴子 其他类：they他/她/它们 二、习惯搭配、短语 in the zoo在动物园里boys and girls男孩们和女孩们 a father（monkey）monkey一只猴爸爸（妈妈）a baby monkey一只小猴子this man 这个男人that man 那个男人small and thin又小又瘦 big and fat又大又胖 三、句型 1、询问这是什么的句型及回答。
外研社三起三年级下册英语全册教案 Unit 1 It’s the ABC song. 教学目标： 知识目标：学会字母歌及26个英文字母的读音。 能力目标： 1发音准确,能听懂录音。 2会运用句式What’s your favourite …?询问。 3提高英语表达能力。 情感目标：培养学生的自信心和合作精神以及用英语交流沟通的能力。 教学重难点： 1基本能够听懂,会说,会读词汇：song, favourite 2学会用What’s your favourite… ?的语言结构。 3注意favourite的读音。 教学过程 Step1 Warming up: Greetings.（师生激情打招呼） Free talk. Guess：What’s this？ Step2 Presentation: T: Do you like orange/apple? T: Do you like cat /elephant / dog? T:Ok! Thank you to my boys /girls/pupils.You all like some animals. I like animals too. Guess! T: Dog is my favourite animal. 出示“favourite”单词卡,教授“favourite”单词。 T:I like singing the English song! 出示“song”单词卡,教授“song”单词。 What’s my favourite song ? It’s the ABC Song. What’s the ABC song ? 一体机播放视频the ABC song。 采用不同的方式巩固新单词：开火车猜口型你大我小等,让学生读的准,说的准。教师及时给予公正的评价,同时注意学生的发音,及时纠正错误。 巩固练习： T:What’s your favourite song ? S1：It’s the ABC Song. S2:It’s the…Song. 设计意图：教师创设情境,呈现新单词和句型,学生在教师的引领下学习语言。单词的教学要放到句型的操练中才有意义。 Step3 Learning the text: 1、T:My favourite song is the ABC song, le t’s learn the song together. 字母学习:逐一出示卡片,教学生认读字母,并纠正学生的发音。采用开火车、抽查、齐读、大小声等方式。教字母的过程中,教师要有意识地把单词与字母结合：如:A,apple; B,banana; C,cat…… 2、Sing and point. Step4 Practise 1.排队 请几个同学把名字写在黑板上,然后按字母顺序排列。 2.查英文词典： 将全班划分若干小组,由小组长带头,带领大家查词典。 3.用身体摆造型,猜字母。 请几个同学上前用身体摆造型,其他同学猜,猜对者给小组加1分。 4．快速认识字母大小写 uv WM BDP ygqp sx rn etc 5.齐唱字母儿歌（一体机出示）
外研版小学英语（三起）三年级下册单词 表 Module 1 song 歌曲 TV电视台 favourite最喜欢的colour颜色 Here you are.给你。? 字母表 Module2 they 它（他/她）们 They’re=they are它（他/她）们是 monkey 猴子 baby孩子 all 所有的 zoo动物园tiger 老虎 big 大的 lion 狮子 elephant 大象 fat 胖的 man人，男人 short 矮的 tall 高的 small 小的 thin 瘦的 big大的 Module3 like 喜欢 football 足球 them它（他/她）们 basketball 篮球 table tennis 乒乓球 morning exercises早操 ride 骑 bike自行车 swim 游泳 skip 跳绳 Module4 meat 肉 pass 传递 rice 米饭 mum 妈妈 noodles 面条（常复） fish 鱼 milk 牛奶 does do 的第三人称单 数形式 orange 橘子 apple 苹果 banana 香蕉 pear 梨 doesn’t=dose not不?
Module5 goes(go的第三人称单数形式)去，到 go go school 上学 on在…的时候；通过…；以…的方式 Monday星期一 play参加（体育活动、比赛等） phone电话，电话机 on the phone通电话 with与…在一起，同，跟，和 friend朋友 at在… home家 at home在家 who谁 only只，仅仅 year年龄，岁数work工作地点 go to work上班 Saturday星期六 shopping购物 go shopping去购物 dad爸爸? Module6 do 做 Sunday 星期日 swimming游泳（运动） go swimming去游泳 eat吃 in在…期间，在…时候 sleep睡觉 watch观看 TV电视节目 watch TV看电视 have做，进行，从事 class课，班级 today今天 music 音乐 has（have的第三人称单 数形式）做；进行；从 事 Chinese 语文，汉语 maths 数学 art 美术 PE 体育 science 科学? Module7 we我们 fly放（风筝） spring春天 summer夏天 season季节 nice迷人的，令人愉快 的
三年级下册英语教学计划 一、教材的总体分析 本册教材共分11个模块，其中含有一个复习模块。每个模块又分为两个单元。一般情况下，第一单元主要是以故事（对话）的形式呈现本模块所要学习的语言功能与结构，（language presentation）。第二单元中则提供了若干任务型（task-based）的练习和活动，其目的就是进行语言的扩展和操练（language development and practice）, 侧重培养学生语言运用。 经过一个学期的学习，学生在听说认读等方面都有了一定的基础。和第一册教材相比，本册教材的所选话题有所拓展，我们将带领学生学习如何用英语称呼家人并介绍他们的喜欢和不喜欢，如何说明物品的归属，学习如何用英语说季节、天气；还要学说一些常见的动物，并用英语描述他们的特征；学习如何邀请朋友一起参加活动，最后还要学习如何表达和询问喜欢什么体育运动，什么食物以及什么玩具等话题。这些题材都是学生熟悉的学习、生活题材，学生会感到熟悉亲切. 二、学生情况分析 经过一个学期的学习，学生已经适应了英语课堂教学，但由于年龄的特点，注意力容易分散，缺乏观察、发现、判断、总结事物的能力与方法，对自己有时不能严格要求，一些良好的学习习惯尚未定型。所以在本学期，我们应该继续加强良好的英语学习习惯的养成训练，有步骤、有计划的在教学过程中逐一落实。在习惯训练方面我们应该把握住一个原则：提早开始，严格要求，持之以恒。好的学习习惯会成为学生英语学习的催化剂，会对学生英语水平的提高起到“润物无声”的作用。同时，我们还必须注意到低年级学生具有很强的向师性和可塑性的特点，这就要求我们一定要规范自己的教育教学行为，要
最新小学英语三年级上册单词表(外研版三年级起点) 三年级上册 MOUDLE 1 I 我 am （I’m= I am）是(我是) hello（hi）你好 ooh 嗬 goodbye（bye-bye）再见 are 是 how 怎样 How are you? 你好么？你好！ good 好的 morning 早上 fine 很好 thank 谢谢 you 你 MODULE 2 Ms 女士 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 whoops 哎哟 and 那么、和 too 也 ha ha 哈哈 what 什么 is (what’s= what is) 是（是什么） your 你的 name 名字 please 请 afternoon 下午 Mr 先生 MODULE 3 point 指 to向…… the 这个，那个，这些，那些 door 门 sit 坐 down向下
stand站 up 向上 window 窗户blackboard 黑板 bird 鸟 tweet（鸟）啾啾的叫声desk 桌子 chair 鸟 MODULE4 it 它 it’s= it is它是 red 红色的 look 看 wow 呀，哇 yellow 黄色的 blue 蓝色的 a（an）一个，一chameleon变色龙 my 我的 panda 熊猫 now现在 green 绿色的 black 黑色的 dog 狗 cat 猫 cap 帽子 MODULE 5 how many 多少 one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 oh 噢，哦
外研版三年级起点三年级英语下册 一、单词归类 （一）、物品类 1. toy 玩具 2. doll 洋娃娃 3. kite 风筝 4. box 盒子 5. book 书 6. computer game 电脑游戏 （二）、交通工具 1. ship 轮船 2. car 小车 3. bike 自行车 4. bus 公共汽车 （三）、动物类 1. monkey 猴子 2. tiger 老虎 3. lion 狮子 4. an elephant 一头大象 5. panda 熊猫 6. cat 小猫 7. dog 狗 （四）、指高矮胖瘦大小的形容词 1. tall 高的 2. short 矮的 3. fat 胖的 4. thin 瘦的 5. big 大的 6. small 小的 （五）、食品类 1. rice 米饭 2. meat 肉 3. noodles 面条 4. fish鱼肉 5. milk 牛奶 6. peanut 花生 7. sweet 糖果 （六）、水果类 1. pear 梨子 2. banana 香蕉 3. an orange 一个桔子 4. an apple 一个苹果（七）、功课类 1. Chinese 语文，汉语 2. math 数学 3. English 英语 4. music 音乐 5. art 拳术 6. . 体育 7. Science 科学 （八）、一年四季 1. spring 春天 2. summer 夏天 3. autumn 秋天 4. winter 冬天（九）、指天气的形容词 1. warm 暖和的 2. hot 炎热的 3. cool 凉爽的 4. cold 寒冷的 5. sunny 阳光充足的 6. windy 有风的 （十）、节日类 1. Spring Festival 春节 2. New Year 新年 3. Christmas 圣诞节 4. Christmas tree 圣诞树 5. Happy Spring Festival. 春节快乐 6. Happy New Year. 新年快乐 7. Happy Christmas. 圣诞快乐 8. Merry Christmas.圣诞快乐 9、Happy birthday to you. 生日快乐 （十一）、衣物类 1. dress 裙子 2. coat 外套 3. sweater 毛衣 4. T-shirt T 恤衫 （十二）、运动 1. football 足球 2. basketball 篮球 3. table tennis 乒乓球 4. morning exercises 早操 5. riding bikes 骑自行车 6. skipping 跳绳 7. swimming 游泳 （十三）、表整点的时间 1. at four o’clock 在四点钟 2. at five o’clock 在五点钟 3. at nine o’clock 在九点钟 （十四）、表半点的时间 1. half past one 一点半 2. half past six 六点半 3. half past eight 八点半（十五）、动词短语
Module 1 U nit 1 It’s the ABC song、 Teaching aims: Describing the alphabets Teaching importance and difficulty: alphabets Vocabulary :favourite, song Letters: A------Z Teaching steps: 一.Warming up:sing a song 二.Revisions: Free talk 1、 T: Hello… How are you? S1:… T: Hi, good morning! What’s this、、、? What colour is it? Oh, yes, it’s … Do you like…、? I like …, too、 We can also say, my favourite colour is …,What’s your favorite colour?您最喜欢的颜色就是什么？启发学生用It’s …回答问题。教授新单词favourite。再问What’s your favourite song?您最喜欢的歌曲就是什么？教授新单词song 三.New lessons: 1、T:My favourite song is the ABC song、 OK, today we’ll learn the new lesson Module 1 Unit 1 It’s the ABC song、(板书课题)Now turn to page 2,listen to the tape carefully、 OK , Can you find the new words、 Ask the kids one by one、 2、教授字母,教师先按字母表的顺序教授,然后导入字母的歌曲。 四.Games: 读字母游戏, 瞧谁迅速反应, 然后把字母卡片送给她。另外让学生猜字母。 五.作业: 1、跟录音读课文,手指着。 2、把单词复习一遍、 教后记: Unite 2 My favoutite color is yellow、 Teaching aims: talking about faviourte things and colors Teaching importance and difficulty:My favoutite toy is a car、My favoutite color is yellow、
外研版（三起）三年级上册英语教案 Module 1 第一课时 Unit1 I’m Sam. 一、教学目标： 1.基本能听懂会说:“Hello, Hi, Goodbye, bye-bye” 2.学会运用句型“I’m…”进行自我介绍。 3.通过运用Hello, Hi, Goodbye, Bye-bye进行打招呼，并运用I’m…的句型进行自我介绍等情景让学生在感知、模仿、学习、体验的基础上逐步达到自然交流与真实运用语言的目的。 4.培养学生初学英语的兴趣。通过大量的游戏活动让学生充分体会学习英语的乐趣所在。同时教育学生要有礼貌的与人交际，主动与他人沟通，并逐渐建立深厚友谊。 二、教学重点： 1.学会并运用Hello，Hi进行相互间问好打招呼。 2.引导学生使用I’m …句型进行自我介绍。 三、教学难点： 1.要求学生注意I’m中m的发音，不要吞音，发音要到位。 2.强调Goodbye和Bye-bye的正确发音。 四、教学用具： 英文名字卡片（教师自备），手偶，a toy 五、教学过程： 1、启动：（5分钟） （1）课前播放学生熟悉的英文儿歌Hello 或字母歌渲染课堂学习的活跃气氛。 （2）教师可以在课前收集一些常用的英文单词或缩略语如：WTO TV，CD，KFC，Best Food让学生了解一些身边的英语，同时也请同学们说一说他们所知道的生活中的英语，这样有助于强化他们亲身经历英语的真实感受。 2、导入：（3分钟） 启发学生当他们在新学期初次见面的时候，他们是如何相互间有礼貌的打招呼问好的呢？当他们在彼此陌生的情况下，是如何相互作自我介绍，互相交流的呢？教师用语：新学期开始了，老师首先欢迎各位新同学的到来，虽然同学们都来自不同的地方，但现在我们就是一家人，那你愿意用自己最友好的方式相互问候和作自我介绍吗？ 3．呈现：（12分钟） (1)教师首先以自然的方式配以恰当的手势动作和不同的语调来向学生问好Hello , Hi。同时也引导学生向教师说Hello , Hi 。然后让学生相互间用Hello, Hi 练习问好。（注：教师解释并让学生了解 Hello , Hi 的区别与联系。一般在正式的场合用Hello 为引起对方的注意而问好；而Hi一般是用于对自己亲密的人打招呼。操练时注意避免重复使用。
外研版（三起点）英语三年级上册教学计划 王芬 一、学情分析 我执教的班级共计20人。很多孩子对于英语是零基础，我要认真研究教材，让孩子产生保持学习英语的兴趣，在学习知识点的同时，能够渗透英美文化，学习和区分中西文化的差异。 二．教材分析 本册教材共分10个模块，内含一个复习模块。每个模块分两个单元。一般情况下，第一单元呈现本模块所要学习的语言内容，第二单元提供若干任务型练习，包括一首歌谣或小诗。 在这一册，学生刚开始学习英语，所以设计了一些日常生活中使用频率最高的语句，主要内容包括：问候并回应；询问姓名、年龄、地点、物品名称，并给予回答；数字1---12；谈论人、物品、地点、动物；表达自己的喜好等。所有内容都是依据语用、语境和语义相结合的原则而呈现的，通过学习让学生结合语用和语境掌握语句和语词的基本语义，逐步获得最基本的运用英语的能力。 这册教材编写的总思路是以话题为纲，以交际功能为主线，兼顾语言结构，逐步引导学生运用英语完成有实际目的的语言任务。即：话题——功能——结构——任务。 教材的教学目的是激发学生学习英语的兴趣，培养他们英语学习的积极态度，使他们建立初步的学习英语的自信心；培养学生一定的语感和良好的语音、语调、书写基础，以及良好的学习习惯；使他们形成初步用英语进行简单日常交流的能力。同时，培养学生的观察、思维、想象和创造能力。适当介绍中西方文化，培养学生爱国主义精神，增强世界意识，为学生的进一步学习奠定良好的基础。 这册教材吸收了交际教学思想，注重学生语言应用能力的培养，教材在整体构思、内容安排、活动设计和教学方法选用等方面都紧密联系学生的生活实际，体现语言的交际能力。贯彻语言应用的基本原则，把知识和技能目标融会在完成任务的过程之中，从而体现教材提出的把话题——功能——结构——任务结合起来的总思路。 根据学生年龄特点，在起始阶段采用“全部动作反应法”，让学生在有节奏的说唱中体验语言，在轻松愉快的行动中输入语言，让他们在做中学，在唱中学，在表演中学，从而为培养他们运用英语进行顺利地交流打下坚实的基础。 三．教学方法及措施 1、激发学生学习英语的兴趣。可利用学生已知的外语，告诉学生我们已经会说不少的英语了，只是在这个基础上要落实到写，让学生们感到学习英语很有趣，从而激发他们渴望获得更多英语知识的欲望。 2、会话教学：要融会话教学于情景表演之中，让学生在表演中练、在交际活动中用。 3、词汇教学：要充分利用游戏形式，使用实物或卡片，让学生更好地认知这些词汇，注意单词发音的示范性教学。 4．了解中西方文化课堂上带领学生了解中西方文化，培养爱国情操。 5、阶段复习：要多采用一些学生乐做的游戏，如：指指说说游戏、会话综合表演、快听快找句子、单词接龙游戏等。 6.给予学生信心，向他们讲明英语是三年级的起始学科，要想学好英语并不难，只要从现在开始，上课认真听讲，按时完成作业，大胆说，积极做，努力唱，就能学好英语。在平时的教学中，更要特别注意发现他们的闪光点，抓住这些闪光点，及时对他们进行表扬和鼓励，从而激起他们对学习的自信心，然后逐步提高他们的成绩。这是一个漫长的进化过程，不能
外研版小学英语（三起）三年级下册 单词表 Module 1 song 歌曲 TV电视台 favourite最喜欢的 colour颜色 Here you are.给你。 字母表 Module2 they 它（他/她）们 They’re=they are它（他/她）们是 monkey 猴子 baby孩子 all 所有的 zoo动物园 tiger 老虎 big 大的 lion 狮子 elephant 大象 fat 胖的 man人，男人 short 矮的 tall 高的 small 小的 thin 瘦的 big大的 Module3 like 喜欢 football 足球 them它（他/她）们 basketball 篮球 table tennis 乒乓球 morning exercises早操 ride 骑 bike自行车 swim 游泳 skip 跳绳 Module4 meat 肉 pass 传递 rice 米饭 mum 妈妈 noodles 面条（常复） fish 鱼 milk 牛奶 does do 的第三人称单数形式 orange 橘子 apple 苹果 banana 香蕉 pear 梨 doesn’t=dose not不 Module5 goes(go的第三人称单数形式)去，到 go go school 上学 on在…的时候；通过…；以…的方式 Monday星期一 play参加（体育活动、比赛等） phone电话，电话机 on the phone通电话 with与…在一起，同，跟，和 friend朋友 at在… home家 at home在家 - 1 -
who谁 only只，仅仅 year年龄，岁数 work工作地点 go to work上班 Saturday星期六 shopping购物 go shopping去购物 dad爸爸 Module6 do 做 Sunday 星期日 swimming游泳（运动） go swimming去游泳 eat吃 in在…期间，在…时候 sleep睡觉 watch观看 TV电视节目 watch TV看电视 have做，进行，从事 class课，班级 today今天 music 音乐 has（have的第三人称单数形式）做；进行；从事 Chinese 语文，汉语 maths 数学 art 美术PE 体育 science 科学 Module7 we我们 fly放（风筝） spring春天 summer夏天 season季节 nice迷人的，令人愉快的 warm暖和的 hot热的 autumn秋天 cool凉爽的 winter冬天 cold寒冷的 skating滑冰 go skating去滑冰 play玩，玩雪 snow雪；下雪 rain雨；下雨 sunny晴朗的，阳光充足的 windy有风的，刮风的 very很，非常 Module8 toy玩具 under在…下面 for为，给，对 box盒子 behind在…后面 bedroom卧室 flies（fly的第三人称单数形式）放（风筝） park公园 lake湖 tree树 fishing捕鱼，钓鱼 go fishing去钓鱼 walk行走，步行 Module9 have got 拥有 sweater 毛线衫 bed床 line线，绳，金属丝 about关于 animal 动物 sport运动 haven’t(got)=have not(got)没有 dress 连衣裙 coat 外套 T-shirt T恤衫 has got 拥有（have got的第三人称单数形式） 有 hasn’t(got)=has not(got)没有 by 乘（交通工具） bus 公共汽车 car汽车，轿车 - 2 -
最新小学英语三年级上册单词表(外研版三年级起点) 三年级上册 MOUDLE 1 I 我 am （I’m= I am）是 (我是) hello（hi）你好 ooh 嗬 goodbye（bye-bye）再见 are 是 how 怎样 How are you 你好么你好！ good 好的 morning 早上 fine 很好 thank 谢谢 you 你 MODULE 2 Ms 女士 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 whoops 哎哟 and 那么、和 too 也 ha ha 哈哈 what 什么 is (what’s= what is) 是（是什么） your 你的 name 名字 please 请 afternoon 下午 Mr 先生 MODULE 3 point 指 to向…… the 这个，那个，这些，那些
door 门 sit 坐 down向下 stand站 up 向上 window 窗户blackboard 黑板 bird 鸟 tweet（鸟）啾啾的叫声desk 桌子 chair 鸟 MODULE4 it 它 it’s= it is它是 red 红色的 look 看 wow 呀，哇 yellow 黄色的 blue 蓝色的 a（an）一个，一chameleon变色龙 my 我的 panda 熊猫 now现在 green 绿色的 black 黑色的 dog 狗 cat 猫 cap 帽子 MODULE 5 how many 多少 one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七
eight 八 nine 九 oh 噢，哦 ten 十 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 MODULE6 happy 快乐的 birthday 生日 here (here’s= here is)这里，(这是) present 礼物 this 这个 pencil 铅笔 pen 钢笔 cake 蛋糕 old ……岁的 how old 多大 yes 是的 you’re= you are 你是 MODULE 7 teacher 教师 pupil 小学生 school 学校 classroom 教室 English 英语 that 那个 say 说 again再一次 schoolbag 书包 ball 球 book 书 MODULE 8 monster 怪物 new 新的 kite 风筝 or 或者