限时规范练4(必修1 Unit 4)
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、爱护自然的素养能力意识
一、阅读理解
A recent survey has shown that the busiest shopping street in the world is not in London,New York,or Paris,but in Warsaw (capital city of Poland).It ’s called Nowy S '
wiat,which means New World.About 14,000 Poles walk down this main street every hour.
It is a lovely place to shop.The street is very wide.There are statues,palaces,attractive town houses,high-class caf és and restaurants.The buildings aren ’t too tall.They look old,but in fact the whole city was rebuilt after World War Ⅱ.There aren ’t any billboards (广告牌),loud music,or many tourists.People think that Polish shops have nothing to sell,so tourists don ’t come shopping here.The world doesn ’t know about this good place for shoppers yet.
It is now possible to buy almost everything in Warsaw.There are many shops from the West.However,Nowy S '
wiat has a lot of small shops and specialist shops.It hasn ’t got the huge department stores that sell the same things everywhere.
If you want an excellent handmade suit,Nowy S '
wiat is the place to go.It isn ’t cheap.You will pay up to ￡1,000.For beautiful French baby clothes,go to Petit Bateau .You will pay ￡50 for a pair of blue jeans for a baby.A dress for a baby girl is about ￡90.At Desa ,a famous antique (古董) shop,a desk costs ￡5,000.
Not everything is expensive.At the shop Pantera you can buy leather goods —
handbags,purses,coats,and belts.Cepelia is famous for folk art.There are also book shops and record shops.And there are a lot of small shops that sell clothes that aren ’t too expensive.If you ’re tired,stop at Caf é Blikle .You ’ll find a lively environment,and a lot of well-known Poles.
It is possible to travel the world and find the same things for sale in every country.But Warsaw is different because its shops are unique — and they ’re in Nowy S '
wiat. 1.How is Nowy S '
wiat in outsiders ’ eyes? A.It is not worth visiting. B.It is a tourist attraction. C.It is a perfect place for shoppers. D.It is no different from any shopping street. 2.What ’s so special about the shops in Nowy S '
wiat? A.They ’re all hidden in ancient buildings.
B.Everything sold there is very expensive.
C.Most goods sold there are handmade.
D.They sell goods you can ’t buy anywhere else. 3.Where can you most probably meet famous Poles? A.Cepelia . B.Pantera . C.Caf é Blikle .
D.Petit Bateau.
4.What does the text mainly introduce? A.The capital city of Poland.
B.The busiest shopping street in the world.
C.The most famous shop in Nowy S '
wiat. D.The most ancient town house in Warsaw.
二、完形填空
At the age of six,my life was thrown into constant pain and depression.It was in a car 1 on my way home that I was hit by a truck.My left leg got 2 between the wheels.I was left with an exposed bone,lots of pain and the 3 memories of those few moments,which were forever 4 in my mind.
At first,I spent a year and half in the 5 .I had dressings(绷带)everyday,surgeries every Friday and 6 nights and days.I ’m sure most of you don ’t know this 7 I ’ve probably never shared this with anyone.People had questioned me so many times and I 8 got fed up;I just wore clothes that 9 my leg.I couldn ’t do this in school because we had a 10 and I was bullied(欺侮) by some and called names, 11 in primary school.
Scars shouldn ’t define a person.My scars are my proof of my 12 .Many years later I ’ve changed into self-love and acceptance.I 13 what I want and I ’m happy with myself.My 14 has never stopped me from running after my dreams.It may have 15 me down but it never took my hope away.
1.A.exhibition B.accident C.park https://www.doczj.com/doc/1310662464.html,pany
2.A.operated B.examined C.trapped D.lost
3.A.sweet B.terrifying C.wonderful D.unclear
4.A.planted B.forgotten C.destroyed D.changed
5.A.church B.hospital C.school D.field
6.A.strange B.cold C.lonely
D.painful
7.A.before B.though
C.unless
D.because
8.A.eventually B.frequently
C.suddenly
D.strangely
9.A.protected B.covered
C.decorated
D.warmed
10.A.lesson B.class
C.uniform
D.rule
11.A.personally B.formally
C.especially
D.luckily
12.A.strength B.knowledge
C.failure
D.illness
13.A.drink B.watch
C.wear
D.buy
14.A.hand B.eye
C.mouth
D.leg
15.A.written B.knocked
C.slowed
D.cut
三、读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When I arrived at 6 a.m.in the large hospital kitchen,Rose was already checking name tags on the trays(托盘).
“Hi,I’m Janet.”I tried to sound cheerful,although I already knew Rose’s reputation for being impossible to work with.“I’m scheduled to work with you this week.”
Rose stopped what she was doing and peered over her reading glasses.I could tell from her expression that she wasn’t pleased to see a student worker.
“What do you want me to do? Start the coffee?”I asked.
Rose coldly nodded and went back to checking name tags.
I filled the 40-cup pot with water and began making coffee when Rose yelled,“That’s not the way to make coffee.”She stepped in and took over.
Nothing I did pleased her.All morning,her eagle eyes missed nothing and her sharp words hurt.
Totally exhausted,I trudged the six blocks home late that June afternoon.As a third year university student working my way through school,I had never before met anyone like Rose.
Fighting back tears,I wrestled with my dilemma alone in my room.“What shall I do?”The answer caught me completely by surprise.I needed to love Rose.
Working with Rose the next morning,I ignored the hurtful remarks thrown in my direction and did things Rose ’s way as much as possible.As I worked,I silently began to surround Rose with a warm blanket of love.
Over the next few days,an amazing thing began to happen.My focus shifted from what she was doing to me and I started seeing Rose as the hurting person she was.Then her icy tension began to melt away.
Throughout the rest of the summer,we had numerous opportunities to work together.Each time,she seemed truly happy to see me.Her bitterness gave way as she started opening up.As I worked with this lonely woman,I listened to her,something no one else had done.I learned that she was burdened by elderly parents who needed her care and her own health problems.
The days slipped by quickly as I finished the last several weeks of my summer job.I soon would be returning as a full-time university student and say goodbye to Rose.
Paragraph 1:
One day ,while I was working alone in one of the hospital kitchens ,Rose entered the room.
Paragraph 2:
Although I never saw Rose again ,I still remember her vividly.
参考答案
限时规范练4(必修1 Unit 4)
一、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了世界上最繁忙的商业街Nowy S '
wiat 。
1.A 推理判断题。由第二段中的“There aren ’t any billboards,loud music,or many tourists.People think that Polish shops have nothing to sell,so tourists don ’t come shopping here .”可知,没有去过Nowy S '
wiat 的人对它不了解,认为这里没有什么可购买的商品,因此不值得一去。
2.D 细节理解题。由第三段中的“However,Nowy S '
wiat has a lot of small shops and specialist shops.It hasn ’t got the huge department stores that sell the same things everywhere .”可知,Nowy S '
wiat 的特色商铺卖的东西只能在这里买到。
3.C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“stop at Caf é Blikle .You ’ll find...a lot of well-known Poles ”可知答案。
4.B 主旨大意题。文章首段即本文的主旨段,旨在介绍世界上最繁忙的商业街Nowy S '
wiat 。
二、【篇章导读】作者年幼时因为一场车祸,腿部留下了伤疤。虽然一开始作者因此而饱受困扰,但值得庆幸的是,作者最终学会了笑对人生。其乐观向上的人生态度非常值得我们学习。
1.B 该空后提到作者被一辆卡车撞了,可见作者在乘车回家的路上出了车祸。
2.C 根据该空后的between the wheels 可知,作者的左腿被“困”在两个车轮之间了。
3.B 该空前提到暴露在外的骨头、难以忍受的疼痛,这些都是“极其可怕的”记忆。
4.A 该非限制性定语从句的主语which 指代的是3(terrifying) memories 。这些可怕的记忆应该是永远“根植”在了作者的大脑中,是作者永远也忘不了的。
5.B 下一句提到作者每周五需要接受手术,所以应该是车祸之后在“医院”接受治疗。
6.D 该空前提到作者每天都需要绑着绷带,每周五都需要接受手术。与之相伴的都是“痛苦的”日日夜夜。
7.D 该句中的because 表示因果关系:作者相信大多数人不能体会那种痛苦,因为她可能从未将其向任何人诉说。
8.A 该空前提到 People had questioned me so many times,所以作者“终于”受够了。 9.B 上一句提到作者受够了别人的询问,所以穿能够“遮住”那条有伤疤的腿的衣服。 10.C 上一句提到作者穿能够遮住那条有伤疤的腿的衣服,再联系该空前的I couldn ’t do this in school 可知,作者在学校里必须穿“校服”,无法继续遮住那条腿。
11.C 此处强化前文内容的程度——有人欺负她,辱骂她,“尤其是”在上小学的时候。
12.A 上一句提到伤疤不能定义一个人。由此推知,作者认为伤疤是自己“坚强”的证据。 13.C 上一句提到作者变得自爱了,并且接受了自我。由此推知,作者现在“穿”自己喜欢的衣服,不再去刻意遮掩那条腿。
14.D 作者对伤疤有了新的看法,对自我有了新的认识,因此那条有伤疤的“腿”并没有阻挡作者追求自己的梦想。
15.C本句的主语it指代leg,那条受过伤且留下伤疤的腿也许“减慢”了作者的步伐。
三、Paragraph1:
One day,while I was working along in one of the hospital kitchens,Rose entered the room.Instead of her blue uniform,she was wearing street clothes.I looked at her in surprise.“Aren’t you working today?”“I’ve got another job and won’t be working here any more,”she said as she walked over and gave me a quick hug.“I just came to say goodbye.You are the one person I will truly miss.You are the one person I wish I could take with me.”Then she turned abruptly and walked out the door.
Paragraph2:
Although I never saw Rose again,I still remember her vividly.That summer,I learned a lesson I’ve never forgotten.The world is full of people like Rose—
annoying,demanding,unlovable on the outside,yet hurting inside.Just as the saying
goes,“Every rose has its thorn.And every man’s character has a part that you can’t stand.I’ve found that a warm blanket of love is the best way to nurture a rose.
高中英语必修五课文及翻 译 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020
-必修 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national
人教版必修一unit4语法:定语从句强化训练题一.课文原句感知 1．But the one million people of the city，______thought little of these events，were asleep as usual thatnight. 2．It was felt in Beijing，______is more than two hundred kilometers away. 3．The number of people _____were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.4．Then，laterthatafternoon， anotherbigquake______wasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan. 5．The army organized teams to dig out those______were trapped and to bury the dead. 6．Workers built shelters for survivors_________homes had been destroyed. 二．用适当的关系代词填空 （1） 1．The building________wall is white is my uncle's house. 2．I know the boy________you are looking for. 3．Will you please lend me the very book________you bought yesterday? 4．The student________the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor. 5．The season________comes after spring is summer. 6．This is the museum________we visited last Saturday. 7．Is this the museum________you visited last Saturday? 8．I found some photos of interesting places________were not far away from our city. 9．The boy with________John spoke is my brother.
必修五课文原文翻译 unit 1约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王” 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，以至于成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助(那些)得了霍乱的普通百姓时，就感到很受鼓舞。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病因，也不懂如何治疗。每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。约翰·斯诺想面对这一挑战，解决这一问题。他知道在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 他对霍乱致人死地的两种推测产生了兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖，像一股危险气体在空中到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害人。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。病毒从胃部开始迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 约翰·斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但需要有证据。因此在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱时，他就着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延时，约翰·斯诺开始搜集信息。他发现特别在两条街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查清原因。 他首先在地图上标注出所有死者曾住过的确切地点。该图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者都住在布洛德街上的水泵附近(尤其是这条街上的16、37、38和40号)。他还发现有些住户(如布洛德街20号和21号及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。他未预料到这种情况，于是他做了进一步调查。他发现这些人是在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工。酒馆为他们供应免费啤酒，因此他们没喝布洛德街水泵里的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街上的水源。他发现水来自于河里，这条河被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。约翰·斯诺立即告诉布洛德街上惊慌失措的人们拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了霍乱是通过细菌传播而非气团传播。 在伦敦的另一地区，他从另外两例与布洛德街疾病爆发有关的死亡病例中得到了有力的证据。一个妇女，从布洛德街搬走了，但她非常喜欢水泵的水，她让人每天从水泵给她家送水。她和她的女儿在喝了这些水后，都死于霍乱。利用这个额外证据，约翰·斯诺就可以很有把握地宣布污染水携带病菌。 为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议，所有水源都要经过检测。供水公司也得到指示再也不能让人们接触污染水了。“霍乱王”终于被击败了。
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高二英语必修五Unit 4课文翻译 Unit 4 Making the news Reading MY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT "Unforgettable", says new journalist 我的第一项工作任务“难以忘怀，”新闻记者说Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. 周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸的第一项工作任务。他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。 HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions? 胡：欢迎你，非常高兴你来参加我们的工作，你来这里首先就是当助理记者。有什么问题吗? ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately? 周：我可以马上去采访吗? HX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修五 第一单元伟大的科学家 Reading 约翰.斯诺击败“霍乱王” 约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生—他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰.斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中腐殖着，像一股危险的气流到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰.斯诺着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰.斯诺就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵上的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到了缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发
必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages
必修5课文翻译 1.约翰·斯洛击败“霍乱王” 约翰·斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时,他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病,人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱暴发时,就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约翰·斯洛想面对这个挑战,解决这个问题。他知道,在找到病源之前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着,像一股危险的气体到处漂浮,直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身,患者就会很快地死去。 斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的,但他需要证据。因此,在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候,约翰·斯洛着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候,约翰·斯洛就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重,在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先,他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽 街的水泵附近(特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号)。他发现有些住宅(如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号)却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况,所有他决定深入调查。他发现,这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工,而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝,因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。
接下来,约翰·斯洛调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现,水是从河里来的,而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样,水泵就用不成了。不久,疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了,他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区,他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的,她特别喜欢那里的水,每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水,都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据,约翰·斯洛就能够肯定地宣布,这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。 为了防止这种情况的再度发生,约翰·斯洛建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令,不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终,“霍乱王”被击败了。 2.哥白尼的革命性理论 尼古拉·哥白尼被吓得心烦意乱的。虽然他曾经试着不去理 睬那些数字,然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论:地球不是太阳系的中心。只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。他的这个理论可不能告诉任何人,因为即使他只暗示有这种想法,他都会受到强大的基督教会势力的惩罚。教会认为世界是上帝创造的,正因为如此,地球就具有特殊的意义,它必定要成为太阳系的中心。 这样,问题就来了,因为天文学家以前发现过,天上有些行星停顿下来,往后移动,然后再成环状向前移动,而其他行星看上去有时亮些,有时又不怎么亮。如果地球是太阳系的中心,而所有行星环绕着地球转的话,那么这种现象就很奇怪了。 哥白尼对这些问题曾经苦苦思索过很久,试图找出问题的答案。他曾经收集过观察星球的数据,并且利用他的全部数学知识来解释这些数据。但是只有他的新理
Unit 4 A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city one of the greatest earthquakes of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The sufferings of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000. But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the city’s hospital, 75％of its factories and buildings and 90％of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
1.必修五Unit 1 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” 约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal
physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓
时，他就感到很振奋。This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。So many thousands of terrified people died
every time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its
高一英语必修一Unit 4课文翻译 Unit 4 Earthquakes Reading A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP 地球的一个不眠之夜 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生：For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.农夫注意到，水井的井壁上有 深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不想 吃食。Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。鱼缸和 池塘里的鱼会往外跳。At about 3:00 am on July 28,1976,some people saw bright lights in the sky.在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.即使天空没有 飞机，在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. but the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎
必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家I．V ocabulary steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征；特性radium n.镭 put forward 提出 theory n。理论；学说 infect vt.传染；感染 infectious adj.传染的 cholera n.霍乱 scientific adj.科学的 examine vt.检查；诊察；考察conclude vt. & vi.结束；结论；议定conclusion n.结论；结束；议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析 repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n. defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受挫attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt.(与to连用)暴露；揭露； 使曝光 deadly adj.致命的 cure n. vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗outbreak n.爆发；发作（疾病或战争）control vt.& n.控制；支配 absorb vt.吸收；使专心 severe adj.严重的；严厉的；严格 的；剧烈的 valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的 clue n.线索；提示 pump n.泵；抽水机 pub n.酒馆；酒吧 blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于； n.过失；责备 immediately adv.立即；马上 handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理 germ n.微生物；细菌 addition n.加；增加；加法 in addition也；另外 link vt.连接；联系n.联系；环 link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来 announce vt.宣布；通告 certainty n.确知；确信；确实 instruct vt.命令；指示；教导 virus n.病毒 construction n.建设；结构；建筑物 apart from 除…之外；此外 creative adj.有创造力的；独创的 co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的；肯定的 be strict with对…严格的 revolutionary adj.革命的 calculation n.计算；计算结果 lead to通向；导致 movement n。移动；运动；动作 make sense有意义 backward adv. & adj.向后地 （的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的） loop n.圈；环 complete adj.完整的；完成的 privately adv.私下地；秘密地 spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转；纺（线） brightness n.明亮；亮度；聪颖 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 reject vt.拒绝；不接受；丢弃 point of view态度；观点；看法 logical adj.和逻辑的；合乎常理的 II．Reading JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a well-known doctor in London —so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰斯诺在伦敦 是一位著名的医生，的确，如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子。【注释： attend v.出席；到场；注意；照看attend to处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料；attend school/ class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某 人；照顾某人；eg. 1) I’ll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。2) He was very tired after the long run, and expected someboday to attend on him.长袍之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有 个人来照顾自己一下。▲辨析：attend, join, join in, take part in(1) attend是 正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等；（2）join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等，如：He joined the football club two years ago. (3) join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动，如：I hope you’ll all join in the discussion. (4) take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往参加者持有积极地态度，并起到一定的作用，有时可与join in互换，如：Will you take part in the English evening? 试题： ——Who is ______ the patient? ——Maybe his sister. A. taking care B. looking for C. joining in D. attending on】 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众，他就感到受到激励（或感受到神灵的召唤）。【注释：①inspire(1)影响或触动：eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.落叶触动了她的伤感. (2) 鼓励；激励eg. 1) inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望2) I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何
约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生----他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入人体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱的时候，约翰斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，斯诺就开始收集材料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。 为了防止这种情况的再度发生，斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。