PartⅠWriting(30minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay entitled On Chinese Workers-Paid Holidays.You should write at least120words following the outline given below:
1.有人认为“带薪休假”有很多好处……
2.有人认为“带薪休假”落到实处很难
3.你的观点及建议
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
PartⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)
Directions:In this part,you will have15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions1-7,mark
Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with information given in the passage;
N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Obesity in Children
Obesity in children and adolescents is rising at an alarming rate.Currently over15%of young people over6years old are obese,and obesity is also increasing among children aged5and younger.
Children are considered to be overweight if the BMI(Body Mass Index)is over 85%of the weight group in their age and sex categories.If it is95%and over,they are considered to be obese.Adolescents are generally judged according to adult criteria for obesity,although there are other considerations in this population. Ethnic variations,timing of growth spurts,and higher normal fat levels around
puberty can cause disparities in these measurements.
Causes and Risk Factors for Obesity in Children
Lifestyle Factors.Without educational or parental guidance,children are extremely vulnerable to the intense cultural pressures that are largely responsible for the obesity epidemic.Neither the media nor the educational system has strong well-financed programs that encourage healthy-alternatives,including exercise and healthy foods.The following are some specific problems created by the culture:
*Excessive television watching plays a critical role in obesity in children. Not only is it a sedentary activity,but television also offers innumerable temptations with its advertisements for fast foods,sugar cereals,and unhealthy snacks.In one study obesity rates were lowest in children who watched television one hour or less a day and highest in those who watched four or more hours.
*Sugar,particularly from soda,other sweetened beverages,and fruit juice, may be major contributors to childhood obesity.One study reported that drinking soda regularly increases a child’s risk for obesity by60%.
*Less physical exercise and greater sedentary activities play another significant role in obesity in children.A high level of physical,activity—not just using up energy—is important for weight control in young people.
Family History.Parental obesity more than doubles the risk that a young child, whether thin or overweight,will become obese as an adult.In older children and teenagers,obesity in parents starts to count less as a predictor for body weight than their own weight.The risk may be due to environmental or genetic factors,or both.
Ethnic and Socioeconomic Factors.As in adult populations,children from lower socioeconomic groups and minority populations are at higher risk for obesity.For example,among young Mexican Americans and African Americans,there has been an increase in overweight prevalence of about13%to over23%.
Factors Surrounding Birth.The following factors surrounding birth are associated with a child’s weight:
*Low birth weight is a risk factor for later obesity and diabetes.One theory is that humans have a“thrifty gene”that produces metabolic changes in infants with low birth weight.Such changes affect insulin and fat accumulation in order to produce a“catch-up”weight in these young children as quickly as possible. This rapid weight gain in infancy increases the gain risk for obesity in children and also in young adulthood.
*In a study of African American children,having an overweight pregnant mother increased the risk for later weight gain,but low birth weight did not.
Although some small studies have reported protection against obesity from breastfeeding,evidence is weak.In a2003study,for example,children who were breast fed for three to five months had a lower risk for obesity,but prolonged breastfeeding had no effect.Nevertheless,given the healthful effects of breast feeding and the possibility that it may have even a slight impact on childhood obesity, it is highly recommended.
Health Consequences of Childhood Obesity
Children and adolescents who are obese have poorer health than other children. Studies are reporting unhealthy cholesterol levels and high blood pressure in obese children and adolescents.Of great concern is the dramatic increase in type2 diabetes in young people,which is most certainly largely due to the increase in obesity.Obesity in children is also linked to asthma,gallbladder problems,sleep apnea,and liver abnormalities.Childhood obesity may be partly responsible for the declining age for onset of puberty in girls,with subsequent risks for breast cancer.
It is not clear yet how many of these childhood problems persist in people who achieve normal weight as adults.Staying overweight into adulthood certainly confers health risks.
Managing Overweight and Obese Children
Childhood obesity is best treated by a non-drug,multidisciplinary approach including diet,behavior modification,and exercise.Some evidence suggests that reducing calories by only200to260per day would prevent weight gain in most overweight children.Here some tips for children who are overweight:
*Limit or avoid if possible take-out,fast foods,high-sugar snacks,commercial packaged snacks,soda and sugar sweetened beverages(including too much juice).
*Let children snack but make sure the snacks are healthy.Eating small frequent healthy meals(instead of two or three large ones)has been associated with being thinner and having a better cholesterol profile.
*Let children choose their own food portions.One study indicated that children naturally ate25%less than they chose their own portion size.When they were given larger portions their bite sizes were larger and they ate more.
*Don’t criticize a child for being overweight.It does not help and such
attitudes could put children at risk for eating disorders,which are equal or even greater dangers to health.
*Limit television,video games,and computer use to a few hours a week.This can contribute significantly to weight control,regardless of diet and physical activity.
*For young children,try the traffic-light diet.Food is designated with stoplight colors depending on their high caloric content:Green for go(low calories); yellow for“eat with caution”(medium calories);red for“stop”(high calories).
*Try a low-glycemic index diet.This may be as beneficial and possibly more than a standard reduced-fat diet in obese children.Such a diet focuses on carbohydrates,such as dried beans and soy,that raise blood sugar more slowly than others.This diet is sometimes used in diabetes and as a dietary approach in overweight adults.
1.Overweight children are those whose BMI is over85%of the weight group in their age and sex categories.
2.The educational system is positive in promoting exercise and healthy foods, according to the passage.
3.It is observed that children watching television one hour or less a day tend to be less likely to suffer from obesity.
4.The intake of sugar among children is an important contributor to childhood obesity.
5.In most cases,obese children tend to have parents suffering obesity,as environmental or genetic factors are the major reasons for childhood obesity.
6.Infants with low birth weight may face a risk for obesity as they grow up into childhood and young adulthood.
7.For obese children,achieving a healthy weight becomes more difficult as they get older,as the persistence is biological.
8.Obese children and adolescents have poorer health,as they are reported to have unhealthy.
9.It is suggested that reducing calories would prevent weight gain in most overweight children.
10.The author believes that it does not help to criticize children for being overweight,as this may increase the risk for.
PartⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions47to56are based on the following passage.
The comparatively treeless plains of North Africa have suffered a progressive drying up,both47and man-made,but the region was48so rich in fertile soil that the district we now know as the Libyan Desert was,in the old days,part of the granary (粮仓)of the Roman Empire,and the centre of the Sahara49a busy trading population for a long period.That was when there were50in plenty and the fields were the traditional“fields of the woods”—clearings in the forest—and therefore always tree51.
It is the trees that lift the water and send52into the air so that it may fall as dew or rain further on.Trees reduce the speed of the wind,and provide shelter and shade;the roots53minerals in the soil and these are carried to the leaves which,when they have fulfilled their function,return to the earth,giving the soil the combination of minerals that plants require.
But through the ages Africa has been54.Successive invaders have felled the forest to provide grazing lands for their flocks and herds.With the removal of the essential tree cover,the water55was broken,the earth became feverish and sick, and in course of time was unable to support those who had broken the56of life by removing the earth’s green mantle—the trees.
A)moisture B)cycle C)water D)rhythm
E)contain F)trap G)once H)surrounded
I)fed J)exploited K)social L)natural
M)forest N)usually O)trees
Section B
Directions:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions57to61are based on the following passage.
No one knows when the first calendar was developed.But it seems possible that it was based on lunar months.When people started farming,the sages of the tribes became very important,they studied the sky and gathered enough information to be able to predict when the seasons would change,and were able to announce when it was time to plant crops.
The divisions of time we use today were developed in ancient Babylonia4,000 years ago.Babylonian astronomers believed the sun moved around the Earth every365 days.They divided the trip into12equal parts,each with30days.Then they divided each day into24equal parts,or hours,and divided each hour into60minutes,each minute into60seconds.
Humans have used many devices to measure time;the sundial(日晷)was one of the earliest and simplest.However,the sundial worked well only when the weather was fine,so other ways of measuring the passing of time were invented.One device was the hourglass(沙漏).By the eighteenth century,people had developed mechanical clocks and watches.So we have devices to mark the passing of time,but what time is it now?Clocks in different parts of the world do not show the same time at the same time,because time on Earth is set by the sun’s positions in the sky above us.As international communications and travel grew,it became clear that a way to establish a common time for all parts of the world was needed.In1884,an international conference divided the world into24time zones,each zone represents one hour.The astronomical observatory in Greenwich,England,was chosen as the starting point for the time zones.Twelve zones are west of Greenwich.Twelve are east.The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is considered by astronomers to be Universal Time,also known as Greenwich Mean Time.
57.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A)The Development of Universal Time.
B)Different Ways to Measure Time.
C)Why We Measure Time the Way We do.
D)How the Calendar Came into being.
58.What does the example of Babylonia astronomers reveal?
A)It reveals Babylonians’wisdom that was absent elsewhere.
B)It reveals the origin of our time measurements.
C)It reveals the limits of some time measurements.
D)It reveals the stability of time measurements.
59.The author mentions all of the following ways to measure time EXCEPT.
A)sundial B)hourglass C)electric clock D)mechanical clock
60.According to the passage,Greenwich Mean Time.
A)provides a common time for all parts of the world
B)is calculated from the sun
C)is the12th of the24time zones
D)was named after an international conference
61.With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
A)Time measurements have changed in response to need and technological development.
B)In ancient Babylonia,12was the basic division of time.
C)The first calendar was developed because the sages of tribes were intelligent.
D)Universal Time is so named because it is applicable throughout the universe.
Passage Two
Questions62to66are based on the following passage.
For many years,scientists couldn’t figure out how atoms and molecules on the Earth combined to make living things.Plants,fish,dinosaurs,and people are made of atoms and molecules,but they are put together in a more complicated way than the molecules in the primitive ocean.What’s more,living things have energy and can reproduce,while the chemicals on the Earth4billion years ago were lifeless.
After years of study,scientists figured out that living things,including human bodies,are basically made of amino acids and nucleotide bases.These are molecules with millions of hydrogen,carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen atoms.How could such complicated molecules have been formed in the primitive soup?Scientists were stumped.
Then,in1953,two scientists named Harold Urey and Stanley https://www.doczj.com/doc/1a3672981.html,ler did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the Primitive Earth.They set up some tubes and bottles in a closed loop,and put in some of the same gases that were present in the atmosphere4billion years ago:water vapor,ammonia,carbon dioxide,methane,and hydrogen.
Then they shot an electric spark through the gases to simulate bolts of lightning on the ancient Earth,circulated the gases through some water,sent them back for more sparks,and so on.After seven days,the water that the gases had been bubbling through had turned brown.Some new chemicals were dissolved in it.When Miller and Urey analyzed the liquid,they found that it contained amino acids—the very kind of molecules found in all living things.
62.When did scientists come to realize how the atoms and molecules on the Earth combined to make living thing?
A)4billion years ago.B)In1953.
C)After seven days.D)Many years later.
63.Scientists figured out that human bodies are basically made of.
A)amino acids
B)molecules
C)hydrogen,carbon,nitrogen and oxygen atoms
D)water vapor,ammonia,carbon dioxide,methane and hydrogen
64.Harold Urey and Stanley https://www.doczj.com/doc/1a3672981.html,ler did their experiment in order to.
A)find out what had happened on the Earth4billion years ago
B)simulate bolts of lightning on the ancient Earth
C)dissolve some new chemicals
D)analyze a liquid
65.At the end of the last paragraph,the word“it”refers to.
A)a closed loop B)an electric spark C)water D)the liquid
66.According to the writer,living things on the Earth include.
A)atoms and molecules B)chemicals
C)plants,fish,dinosaurs and human beings D)the primitive soup
PartⅤCloze(15minutes)
Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D)on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Robert Edwards67in an unusual accident many years68.He was also partially deaf69old https://www.doczj.com/doc/1a3672981.html,st week he was walking near his home70a thunderstorm71.He took shelter72a tree and was struck by lightning.He was73to the ground and woke up 7420minutes later,75face down in water below a tree.He went into the house and lay down in bed.A short time later he awoke.His legs couldn’t move76he was trembling.77,when he opened his eyes he could see the clock78the room in front of him.79his wife entered he saw her for the first time in nine years.Doctors confirmed that he had80his sight and hearing apparently81the flash of lightning.But they were unable to explain the82.One possible explanation83by one doctor was that Edwards lost his sight84a hard blow in a terrible accident.Perhaps the only way it could85was by86blow.
67.A)blinded B)was blinded
C)had been blind D)had been blinded
68.A)later B)before C)ago D)early
69.A)because of B)because
C)at D)in
70.A)when B)while C)until D)where
71.A)fell B)blew
C)formed D)approached
72.A)in B)on C)under D)near
73.A)thrown B)knocked C)fallen D)beaten
74.A)just B)some C)for D)within
75.A)to lie B)having lain
C)lay D)lying
76.A)and B)when C)but D)while
77.A)Thus B)Therefore C)But D)Above all
78.A)across B)through C)into D)out of
79.A)While B)When
C)Whenever D)As
80.A)gained B)gotten
C)reminded D)regained
81.A)at B)in C)from D)on
82.A)result B)reason
C)consequence D)content
83.A)offered B)contributed
C)sought D)thought
84.A)because of B)owing to
C)based on D)as a result of
85.A)restore B)be restored
C)have restored D)have been restored
86.A)other B)the other C)another D)one
PartⅥTranslation(5minutes)
Directions:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet2by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.Between1974and1997,the number of overseas visitors(增加了27%).
88.By the time you get to New York,I(该已经动身往伦敦去了).
89.Sometimes children have trouble(区分事实和想象).
90.The boy spent(同样的时间)watching TV as he did studying.
91.(由于竞争激烈)among the airlines,travel expenses have reduced dramatically.
【答案解析】
PartⅠWriting
On Chinese Workers’Paid Holidays
In2007,the Chinese government released a draft that all employees of government organs,civil organizations,enterprises,and public-service institutions are entitled to take paid vacation after serving the same employer for one year.Some have sufficient faith that the paid holidays will improve the current tourism pattern. The new holiday scheme will give people more choices to make their holiday plans and thus it will greatly alleviate the pressure of transportation departments, security bodies,shopping malls,ect.during the current holiday boom.
Other people wonder if the new system will be available.It is likely to be a
dream to have a paid holiday.Because the problem is that many people don’t dare to take long https://www.doczj.com/doc/1a3672981.html,petition is fierce.Nobody can afford a long holiday and leave the boss with an impression of not working as hard as others.
For me,I think it is necessary for,in future,the state to issue a regulation concerning Chinese workers-paid holidays.Stregthen the employers’sense of the paid holidays.If they did so voluntarily,it will attract and retain employees. With these measures,it is expected that more employees in China are entitled to receive holiday pay for time off.
PartⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
1.Y细节题根据信号词“BMI,85%”寻读到第二段第一句。题干说超重的孩子是指那些在他们年龄和性别范畴内BMI超过重量群85%的孩子。题干与原文相符。
2.N细节题根据信号词“educational system”寻读到文章第三段，作者指出媒体或教育体系都没有采用强势的项目来鼓励健康的选择，包括锻炼和健康食物。题干说根据这篇文章，教育体系在促进锻炼和健康饮食上是积极的，故题干是错误的。
3.Y细节题本题的信号词是“watching television”。题干说据观察孩子每天看电视一小时或更少将更有可能远离肥胖。根据第四段最后一句：在一个研究中发现，每天看一个小时或更少电视的孩子肥胖率最低，但是每天看四个小时或更长时间电视的孩子肥胖率最高。故题干是正确的。
4.Y细节题题干说糖的摄人是孩童期导致肥胖的重要原因。文中Lifestyle Factors 下第二点中作者明确指出糖是导致孩子肥胖的重要原因。
5.Y细节题本题的信号词是“environmental,genetic factors”。题干说在多数情况下，肥胖孩子的父母也常常承受肥胖的痛苦，因为环境或基因的因素也是孩童时期肥胖的主要原因。依据Lifestyle Factors下第三点中讲到的父母肥胖对孩子的影响，可知题干与原文相符。
6.Y细节题本题的信号词是“Infants,birth weight”。题干说出生分量轻的婴儿当他们成长到孩童或青少年时期也许会面临肥胖的危险。依据文章第二节(Causes and Risk Factors for Obesity in Children)里Factors Surrounding Birth下第一点：体重轻的婴儿长大以后可能会身体肥胖并患有糖尿病，可知题干与原文相符。
7.NG综合判断题题干说随着年龄的增长，肥胖的孩子获得一个健康的重量会更难，因为存在生物学的惯性。在整篇文章中，作者没有提及这点。
8.cholesterol levels and high blood pressure细节题本题的信号词是“adolescents,unhealthy”。本题问肥胖的孩子和青少年身体更差，据报道，比如他们有哪些疾病。解题依据第二个小标题下第二句：Studies are reporting cholesterol levels and high blood pressure in obese children and adolescents。
9.by only200to260per day细节题题干问减少多少卡路里能够阻止大部分超重儿童增重。解题依据第三个小标题下第一段第二句：一些证据建议每天减少200至260的卡路里可以阻止重量获取。
10.eating disorders细节题作者在文章最后阐述了一些控制肥胖的技巧，其中第四项就是不要批评那些肥胖的孩子，这不但起不了帮助作用并且可能会增加儿童饮食紊乱的几率。由此得出答案：eating disorders。
PartⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
Section A
47.L该空内容要求与后面的man-made对应，并且二者由both…and连接。
48.G根据语法结构要求，该空要求填入一个副词，根据上下文意思应该选择once。
49.I该空应填入动词，根据上下文应选择fed，意思为“供养了(一个从事经商的民族)”。
50.O根据上下文应该选择“trees”。There were trees in plenty.(那儿生长着大量的树木。)
51.H根据上下文，应该填入surrounded。
52.A“send moisture into the air”意思是“将水分送往空中”。
53.F“…the roots trap minerals”意思是“树根可以留住矿物质”。
54.J exploit在此意思为“开发”。
55.B选择cycle构成water cycle(水的循环)。
56.D the rhythm of life意思为“生活的节奏”。
Section B
Passage One
57.C主旨题本文共三段。第一段讲日历起源之因;第二段讲作为现代时间概念的基础，古巴比伦如何划分年月日时分秒;第三段提及先后出现的测量时间的各种工具，并讲述“世界时”如何顺应时代发展而产生。A)，B)和D)项都只概括了本文的部分内容，只有C)项是对全文的总结。
58.B综合判断题C)项在文章中没有提及,D)项不正确。本文的主题是计时方式的
发展，并未强调某个民族智慧过人，A)项也不正确。
59.C细节题根据题干可定位于第三段前半部分，答案是C。
60.B细节题解题依据是“The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is…”。不过考生不一定留意了这个后置定语。相反，受“Twelve zones are west of Greenwich. Twelve are east.”的影响，可能会误选C)项。其实，这里是24个时区的“the starting point”,也就是第一个时区。
61.A综合判断题C)项提到的日历出现就是其中一个例证，第三段还提到sundial, hourglass,mechanical clocks and watches和Greenwich Mean Time的出现，这都是随着人类社会发展的需要出现的。C)项错在将日历出现归因于一小部分人的高智商，真正的原因其实是“When people started farming…”。此外，Universal Time并非全宇宙通用，它只适用于全球24个时区，故D)项也不正确。
Passage Two
62.B细节题从文中第三段可知：“Then,in1953,two scientists…did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the Primitive Earth.”这说明从1953年起，人类才开始弄明白地球上的生物是怎样由原子和分子结合而产生的。因此B)是正确选项。
63.A细节题答案从第二段开头可直接找到：“…，scientists figured out that living things,including human bodies,are basically made of amino acids and nucleotide bases.”
64.A细节题答案第三段中直接给出：“…，Harold.Urey and Stanley https://www.doczj.com/doc/1a3672981.html,ler did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the Primitive Earth.”紧接着作者又指出是在“…4billion years ago…”。
65.D语义辨析题见原文最后一句话：“When Miller and Urey analyzed the liquid, they found that it contained…”。“当米勒和尤里对液体进行分析时，他们发现它包含有……”。很明显it指的就是从句里的liquid。
66.C综合判断题文中第一段第二句话暗示了该题答案：“Plants,fish, dinosaurs,and people are made of atoms and molecules…”。
PartⅤCloze
67.B此处需要填一个谓语，从下一句可以看出，本句应该是过去时态，所以B)项正确。
68.C此处需填一个表示过去的副词，C)ago指从现在算起若干时间以前，和动词一般过去时一同使用。符合原文表达要求，为正确答案。
69.A耳聋和年老有因果关系。B)because后只能跟从句，做原因状语，不符合原
文结构要求。because of后则跟名词或名词性短语，符合结构要求。C)at和D)in均不能和old age连用。
70.A此处需填一个词引导后面的从句，表示突然出现的情况，四个选项中只有when可以，故选[A]。
71.D A)fell“落下，降落”，指物体从上到下的垂直运动，用于此处，搭配不当。blew“(风)吹、刮”，用于此处，也属搭配不当。C)formed“形成”，指事物经历一个发展过程之后，最终形成，这与原文所表达的意义不相符。故此，approached更合适，所以D)项为正确答案。
72.C在树下躲雨，故用“under a tree”。
73.B C)fallen“摔倒”，A)thrown“扔”，强调动作施者所做的“扔”的动作。
D)beaten“打，敲”，强调“打”的具体动作，一般用于具体意义。B)knocked“敲、击、打”，既可用于具体的，又可用于抽象的“打击，击倒”，用于此处，符合原文表达需要，故B)项为正确答案。
74.B A)just“刚好”，表达过于精确，不符合上下文。C)for后跟一段时间，表达动作的持续过程，如果用于此处，则later不能有，因此也不能用。D)within“在……内”，表达过于精确。B)some“大约”，同about。符合原文表达，因此B)项为正确答案。
75.D主句的伴随状语，表示一种伴随的动作或状态，一般用分词或分词短语。A)to lie是动词不定式，不能做伴随状语。C)lay是动词lie的一般过去式，不能做伴随状语。
B)having lain是现在分词的完成体，不能做伴随状语。D)lying是动词lie的现在分词形式，符合原文要求。故D)项为正确答案。
76.A此处应为两个并列分句描述两个动作。因此B)when，D)while被排除。两个动作之间并无转折关系，所以C)but也被排除。A)and为正确答案。
77.C由于他以前双目失明，而现在突见光明，所以此处应填一个转折连词。A)Thus “这样”;B)Therefore“因此”;D)Above all“首先”。均不是转折连词。C)But“但是，然而”，转折连词，为正确答案。
78.A D)out of“在……外部”。钟表不可能挂在屋子外，故首先排除。C)into “到……里”，着重表示动作的方向，用于此处不恰当。B)through“穿过”，着重指物体从某一空间中间穿过。A)across“在对面”。符合原文表达要求，为正确答案。
79.B C)Whenever“无论何时”，用于此处，与原表达意义不符。
A)While,B)When,D)As都有“当……的时候”的意思。as着重表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生，持续时间不长。据此分析，as用于此处不当。when可以表示主句动作发生在从句之后，符合原文表达需要。因此B)项为正确答案。
80.D联系上文，此处应为“恢复，再得到”。A)gained“得到”;B)gotten“获
得”。C)reminded“使回忆起……，提醒……”。D)regained“重新得到”，符合句意，为正确答案。
81.C A)at“在(某一时间、地点)”;B)in“在(地点、时间)里面”;D)on“在……上面，在(某一天)”，均无此意。C)from“从……(中得到，获益)”。符合句意。
82.B这里指的是解释原因，因此只有B)reason“原因”符合句意。A)result“结果”;C)consequence“后果”;D)content“内容”。均无此意。
83.A B)contributed“贡献，捐献”。C)sought(seek的过去式)“寻找”，同look for,强调找的过程，不能表示结果。联系下文用于此处不当。D)thought“思考，想”，用于此处，意思表达欠妥。A)offered“提供，提出”，用于此处意思准确，结构正确，是正确答案。
84.D A)because of“因为、由于”;B)owing to“由于”。强调“原因和结果的关系”，把“猛烈的打击”说成“失明的原因”，似乎过于牵强。C)based on“以……为基础”，与原文表达不符。D)as a result of“由于……的结果”，强调“某事(行动等)引起的结果。
85.B A)restore,C)have restored主动结构，不能用于此处。D)have been restored 被动语态完成体表示动作已完成。既已完成，就不存在“可能(perhaps)”，因此D)项用于此处不当。B)be restored被动结构，一般式，符合原表达要求，是正确答案。
86.C D)one“一次”，用于此处意思不当。A)other“别的，其他的”，其后常跟复数形式。用于此处，搭配不正确。B)the other表示二者中的另一个。用于此处，意思表达有误。C)another表示不定数目中的另一个。用于此处，意思准确，为正确答案。
PartⅥTranslation
87.increased by27%
88.would have left for London
89.separating the fact from the fiction
90.as much time
91.Owing to fierce competition
大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套) Part?I? Writing? （30?minutes） Directions:?For?this?part,?you?are?allowed?30minutes?to?write?a?short?essay?on? the?importance of?reading?ability?and?how?to?develop?it.?You?should?write?at?least?120?wor ds?but?no?more?than180?words. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part?II ?Listening?Comprehension? (25?minutes) Section?A Directions:?In?this?section,?you?will?hear?three news?reports.?At?the?end?of?each?news?report,?you will?hear?two?or?three?questions.?Both?the?news?report?and?the?questions?wil l?be?spoken?only once.?After?you?hear?a?question,?you?must?choose?the?best?answer?from?the?fo ur?choices marked?A),?B),?C)?and?D).?Then?mark?the?corresponding?letter?on?Answer?Sheet ?1?with?a single?line?through?the?centre. Questions?1?and?2?are?based?on?the?news?report?you?have?just?heard. 1.A)?The?return?of?a?bottled?message?to?its?owner's?daughter. B)?A?New?Hampshire?man's?joke?with?friends?on?his?wife. C)?A?father's?message?for?his?daughter. D)?The?history?of?a?century-old?motel. 2.?A)?She?wanted?to?show?gratitude?for?his?kindness. B)?She?wanted?to?honor?her?father's?promise. C)?She?had?been?asked?by?her?father?to?do?so. D)?She?was?excited?to?see?her?father's?handwriting. Questions?3?and?4?are?based?on?the?news?report?you?have?just?heard. 3.?A)?People?were?concerned?about?the?number?of?bees. B)?Several?cases?of?Zika?disease?had?been?identified. C)?Two?million?bees?were?infected?with?disease. D)?Zika?virus?had?destroyed?some?bee?farms. 4.?A)?It?apologized?to?its?customers.? B)?It?was?forced?to?kill?its?bees. C)?It?lost?a?huge?stock?of?bees. D)?It?lost??million?dollars.
对此内容进行投票:(0)(0)
Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite
2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During (26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 Model Test 1 Part One Listening Comprehension Section A Directions： In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre. Example： You will hear： You will read： A） At the office. B） In the waiting room. C） At the airport. D） In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A） At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. 1. A） She is not interested in the article. B） She has given the man much trouble. C） She would like to have a copy of the article. D） She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A） He saw the big tower he visited on TV~ B） He has visited the TV tower twice. C） He has visited the TV tower once. D） He will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A） The woman has trouble getting along with the professor. B） The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time. C） The woman knows the professor has been busy. D） The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A） He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B） He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job. C） He thinks the pay is too low to support his family, D） He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A） The man thought the essay was easy. B） They both had a hard time writing the essay. C） The woman thought the essay was easy. D） Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A） In the park. B） Between two buildings C） In his apartment. D） Under a huge tree. 7. A） It's awfully dull. B） It's really exciting.
2016 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Directions: 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
大学英语四级考试模拟试题
大学英语四级考试模拟试题 Model Test Five Part ⅠListening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. Choose the correct answer---A, B, C or D, and then, mark your answer by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Section A (C) 11. A) He will only be available in the afternoon. B) It’s not his office hour. C) He doesn’t have time. D) He is too tired after class. (A) 12. A) The woman insists on going out. B) The woman doesn’t like watching TV. C) The man promised her a gift on her birthday. D) The man is too tired to go out. (B) 13. A) There are too many courses offered to
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .
2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案汇总 一、写作部分 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commentingon the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing inthe world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words。 Nothing Succeeds Without aStrong Will No great work can be performedwithout will. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due tosome trick of luck. But when we know their histories, we find thatit is long years of will and constant effort that have broughtabout their success. Just as we can’t reach the top of a mountainwithout climbing, we can’t achieve success without will。 The modern society providespeople with more opportunities than before, and there are storieswhich tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight.Actually that is not the case. Before these people becomesuccessful, a lot of hard work has been done, unnoticed mostly.What we usually see is the result, but what we ignore is a longprocess of struggling forward and wrestling with internal orexternal obstacles. Take “quitting
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第 一套） Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice