第二部分爱尔兰共和国
第11章地理和历史
11.1 复习笔记
Ⅰ. Geographical Features
Ⅱ. Climate and Weather
1. The Northwest
2. Connacht and Clare
3. The Southwest
4. The Southeast
5. The Central Lowland
6. The Northeast
Ⅲ. Population and Religion
Ⅳ. Historical Background
Ⅴ. Foreign Policy
Ⅰ. Geographical Features
1. The Republic of Ireland is bounded on the northeast by Northern Ireland, on the east and southeast by the Irish Sea and St. George’s Channel and on the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean.
2. The capital is Dublin.
3. Variety is the main feature of the lowlands. The Central Lowland is the heart of Ireland.
4. The Irish coast, with its striking cliffs, is among the most impressive in Europe.
5. As Ireland was completely covered by ice sheets during the Ice Age, all extant plants and animals are migrant species from other parts of Europe.
Ⅰ. 地理特征
1. 爱尔兰共和国的东北部和北爱尔兰接壤，东部和东南部是爱尔兰海和圣乔治海峡，北部和西部是大西洋。
2. 首都是都柏林。
3. 低地的主要特点是多样性。爱尔兰的核心地区是中央低地。
4. 爱尔兰海岸有惊人的悬崖，是欧洲最令人印象深刻的风景。
5. 在冰河时期，爱尔兰完全被冰覆盖，所有现存的植物和动物都来自欧洲其他地区。
Ⅱ. Climate and Weather
The weather of Ireland is described as “mild,moist and changeable.” Ireland has excessive rainfall. Geographers have distinguished six climatic regions as follows.
1. The Northwest
The annual rainfall is from 1,016 to 1,778 mm with the maximum in winter. The mean temperatures for January, the coolest month, are about 5℃, with the summer means about 13℃ or 14℃.
2. Connacht and Clare
This region is similar to the Northwest, with slightly milder winters and warmer summers.
3. The Southwest
The region has rain on three days out of four, with an average of more than an hour’s sun per day in December and January.
4. The Southeast
The winters are mild, with means of 6℃to 7℃ along the southern coast.The summer months are comparatively warm with July means of 15℃ to 16℃.
5. The Central Lowland
This is the area of the lightest rainfall in Ireland. The mean winter temperatures are about 4℃ to 5℃.
6. The Northeast
The climate here is cooler throughout the year than in the rest of the country. The rainfall is 762 to 1,016 mm in the lowlands but higher in the Mourne Mountains Grassland.
Ⅱ. 气候和天气
爱尔兰的天气温和，湿润而又多变。爱尔兰降雨过多。地理学家划分了六大不同气候区。
1. 西北地区
年降水量是1016—1778毫米，冬天最多。1月份最为凉爽，平均气温是5摄氏度，夏天的平均气温是13或14摄氏度。
2. 康诺特城和克莱尔
这一地区和西北地区相似，冬天稍微温和，夏天更为温暖。
3. 西南地区
这一地区每四天中有三天降水，十二月和一月的平均日照时间为一个多小时。
4. 东南地区
冬天温和，南部沿海地区气温平均为六到七摄氏度。夏天相对温暖，七月份平均温度为15到16摄氏度。
5. 中央低地
这一地区是爱尔兰降水最少的地区。冬天的平均温度为四到五摄氏度。
6. 东北地区
这一地区全年的气候比爱尔兰其他地区的气候要凉爽。低地的降水量为762到1016毫米，但在莫恩山脉草原的降水量相对更高。
Ⅲ. Population and Religion
1. The population of Ireland in 1990 was estimated at 3.5 million. In Ireland the basic ethnic stock is Celtic.
2. The year 1845, when the Great Famine began, marks the end of one era and the beginning of another in the social history of Ireland.
3. There are two official languages in Ireland. They are Irish (or Gaelic) and English.
4. Ireland is one of the most Catholic countries of Europe. Irish Catholicism extends far beyond the borders of Ireland as a result of the large 19th-century emigration.
5. The Anglican Church of Ireland is the largest non-Catholic denomination.
Ⅲ. 人口和宗教
1. 爱尔兰的人口在1990年是为350万。爱尔兰基本的民族是凯尔特人。
2. 1845年，大饥荒开始，标志着爱尔兰社会历史上一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开始。
3. 爱尔兰有两种官方语言，分别为爱尔兰语和英语。
4. 爱尔兰是欧洲最信奉天主教的国家之一。由于19世纪大移民，爱尔兰天主教远远传播到了爱尔兰边界之外。
5. 爱尔兰圣公会是最大的非天主教教派。
Ⅳ. Historical Background
1. Ireland was invaded by a number of Celtic tribes in prehistoric times. The most important were the Gaels.
2. T owards the end of the 8th century the Viking invasions began.
3. Henry Ⅷ was the first king to bring all Ireland under English control. The Tudors forced the Protestant Reformation and English law on the Irish.
4. Irish nationalism became stronger in the early decades of the 20th century and climaxed in the Easter Uprising of 1916 in which an Irish Republic was proclaimed. Ⅳ. 历史背景
1. 史前时代，许多凯尔特部落入侵了爱尔兰。其中最重要的部落是盖尔人。
2. 8世纪末期，维京人入侵爱尔兰。
3. 亨利八世是第一位将整个爱尔兰置于英国统治之下的国王。都铎王朝强制在爱尔兰推行新教改革和英国法律。
4. 爱尔兰的民族主义在20世纪的头几十年势头渐盛，在1916年的复活节起义中达到高潮，爱尔兰共和国宣告成立。
Ⅴ. Foreign Policy
1. Since independence, Ireland has adhered to a policy of neutrality and nonalignment.
2. Since Ireland joined the EC in 1973, its foreign policy has shifted from a concentration on relations with the United Kingdom to the broader arena of European unity.
3. Ireland established diplomatic relations with China on June 22, 1979.
Ⅴ. 外交政策
1. 自从独立以来，爱尔兰坚持中立和不结盟的政策。
2. 1973年爱尔兰加入欧共体之后，其外交政策从集中与英国搞好关系转变为与欧洲更广泛地区建立友好关系。
3. 1979年6月22日，爱尔兰与中国建立了外交关系。
11.2 课后习题详解
1. Explain why Ireland has been geographically compared to a basin.
Key: Ireland has been compared to a basin in which a limestone plateau is rimmed by coastal highlands. The central plain area is characterized by many lakes, bogs (wet areas) and low ridges. The principal mountain ranges are the Mourne Mountains.
2. What is the largest river in Ireland? Why is it important to Ireland?
《小王子英文版》精读笔记——第一章 第1 章 [ Chapter 1 ] ◆magnificent /m?ɡ?n?f?snt/ adj. 壮丽的;令人印象深刻的 ◆primeval /pra??miv?l/ adj. 原始的 ◆a boa constrictor 一条蟒蛇 ◆boa /'b???/ n. 蟒 ◆constrictor /k?n'str?kt?/ n. 大蟒 ◆swallow /'sw?l??/ v. 吞下 ◆called True Stories from Nature 可以看做非限制性定语修饰a book（解释补充说明）◆in the act of doing (sth.) 正在做某事时 ◆prey /pre?/ n[U].猎物v.捕食 ◆swallow sth. whole 把……囫囵吞下 ◆whole /h??l/ adj. 完整的 ◆chew /t?u?/ vt.咀嚼 ◆succeed in doing 成功地做某事 ◆drawing /'dr??(r)??/ n. 图画 ◆masterpiece /'mɑ?st?pi?s/ n. 杰作 ◆frighten /'fra?t(?)n/ v.使惊恐;吓唬 ◆show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 ◆digest /da?'d?est/ v.消化 ◆ask sb. sth. 询问某人某事 ◆whether the drawing frightened them 宾语从句 ◆be frightened by... 被……吓坏(吓一跳) ◆digesting an elephant 现在分词短语作后置定语 完整版笔记持续更新中ing 公主号：中学英语Club
ACT 1-1 “没有特别的理由。” 【故事梗概】 Richard整日在外奔波忙碌，Marilyn在家照顾婴儿，生活缺少浪漫气息。在他们结婚五周年纪念日的前几天，Richard建议两个人把孩子托给母亲照料，到新婚时度蜜月的地方去重拾最初的欢乐。 [Richard hands Marilyn a bouquet of roses.] Marilyn: What's this for? Richard: Just because. How's the baby? Marilyn: Fast asleep. Richard: I'm sorry I missed him. I had to work late. Marilyn: What are the flowers for, Richard? Richard: Five years of happiness. Happy anniversary. Marilyn: But our anniversary isn't until Saturday. Richard: I couldn't wait. Besides, we are not going to be here Saturday. Marilyn: We're not? Richard: Uh-uh. Marilyn: Where are we going to be? Richard: If you had your choice of all the places in the world, where would you choose to spend our anniversary? Marilyn: The Watermill Inn. I loved that place when we went on our honeymoon. Richard: Perfect! You picked the right place. Marilyn: I don't understand. Richard: You and I, Mrs. Stewart, are going to spend a second honeymoon at the Watermill Inn. 【语言点精讲】 1. What's this for? 这是为什么？这是干什么？
第9章地方色彩小说?马克?吐温 9.1复习笔记 I.Local Colorism（地方色彩主义） The vogue of local color fiction was the outgrowth of historical and aesthetic forces that had been gathering energy since early19th century.Local colorism as a literary trend first made its presence felt in the late1860s and early seventies.It is a variation of American literary realism. Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life,recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.They concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local character of their regions.They tended to idealize and glorify,but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life.Major local colorists are Bret Harte,Hanlin Garland, Harriet Beecher Stowe,Kate Chopin and Mark Twain. 地方色彩小说的流行是自19世纪早期以来历史和艺术力量凝聚的产物。作为一种文学潮流，地方色彩主义在19世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期初展头角。它是美国现实主义文学的一个分支。 地方色彩主义作家是怀念正在消逝的生活方式的历史家，他们记录了在他们眼前逝去的现在。他们致力于展示描述自己地方的特色，倾向于赞颂地方生活并将其理想化，但是他们又注意不失地方生活的真实色彩。主要的地方色彩主义作家包括布莱特·哈特、汉林·加兰德、哈里耶特·比彻·斯托、凯特·肖邦及马克·吐温等。 II.Mark Twain(1835-1910)（马克·吐温） 1.Life（生平） Mark Twain,pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,is a great literary giant of America. He was brought up in the small town of Hannibal,Missouri,on the Mississippi River.He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school.He was successively a printer’s apprentice,a tramp printer,a silver miner,a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi,and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California.This knocking about gave him wide knowledge of humanity. With the publication of his frontier tale,he became nationally famous.His first novel The Gilded Age was an artistic failure,but it gave its name to the American of the post-bellum period.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was his masterwork.Mark Twain was essentially an affirmative writer.But toward the latter part of his life,due to some tragic events,he changed to an almost
《美国文学史及选读》考研吴伟仁版考研复 习笔记和真题 第一部分殖民地时期的美国文学 第1章约翰·史密斯 1.1 复习笔记 I. Historical Introduction (历史背景) (1) At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the vast continental area that was to become the United States had been probed only slightly by English and European explorers. At last early in the seventeenth century, the English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history. (2) The colonies that became the first United States were for the most part sustained by English traditions, ruled by English laws, supported by English commerce, and named after English monarchs and English lands. (3) The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of the settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, about adapting to new life and dealing with Indians; they wrote letters, contracts, government charters, religious and political statements. (4) The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. Among the members of the small band of Jamestown settlers was Captain John Smith, an English soldier of fortune.
History and Anthology of American Literature Part I The Literature of Colonial America 1.Historical Introduction ·The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. ·Among the members of the small band of Jamestown settlers was Captain John Smith. His reports of exploration have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English. 2.Early New England Literature ·The American poets who emerged in the 17 century adapted the style of established European poets to the subject matter confronted in a strange, new environment. Anne Bradstreet was one such poet. John Smith 1.The first American writer. 2.Works: (1)A true Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony (2)A Map of Virginia with a Description of the Country (3)The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles William Bradford & John Winthrop 1.William Bradford: 曾任普利茅斯总督 ·Work: Of Plymouth Plantation《普利茅斯垦殖记》 2.John Winthrop: 曾任马萨诸塞湾总督，波士顿总督 ·Work: The History of New England from 1630 to 1649《新英格兰历史：1630-1649》 John Cotton & Roger Williams 1.John Cotton: 清教徒牧师和作家 ·The first major intellectual spokesman of Massachusetts Bay Colony was John Cotton, sometimes called “the Patriarch of New England”. 2.Roger Williams: 出生于伦敦的进步宗教思想家，曾长期受到英国殖民当局的迫害 ·He was interested in the Indian language ·Work：A Key into the Language of America 《阿美利加语言的钥匙》 Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor 1.Anne Bradstreet：美国第一位作品得以发表的女诗人 ·Work：The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America《第十位缪斯》 2.Edward Taylor：美国清教派牧师和诗人，被公认为美国19世纪前最重要的诗人 ·The best of the Puritan poets Part II The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1.Background: In the seventies of the eighteenth century the English colonies in North America rose in arms against their mother country. The War of Independence lasted for eight years(1775-1783) and ended in the formation of a federative bourgeois democratic republic—the United States of America. 2.American Enlightenment（美国启蒙运动）dealt a decisive blow to the Puritan traditions and brought to life secular
ACT 1-1 “想让影集出版会遇到不少困难吗？” 【故事梗概】 一天晚上，Richard坐在家里的楼梯上，他在看一些他给各表演艺术中心拍摄的照片。Marilyn走下楼来，她停下脚步帮助Richard审查这一批照片。 Marilyn: What are you doing'? Richard: [He looks at his photographs.] I think I've got them. Marilyn: You think you've got what? Richard: Performing arts - performing arts centers. I think I've got them all, but I'm not sure. Marilyn: [She looks at the photographs.] I think you have got it, Richard. Lincoln Center, home of the Metropolitan Opera, the New York City Ballet, the New York Philharmonic. Richard: Shubert Alley center of the theater on Broadway. Marilyn: And Carnegie Hall. And the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington. Richard: And the Music Center in Los Angeles. And the others. I do have it all. Marilyn: You have been working on this for some time, Richard. I'm glad you feel you've finally put it all together. What now? Richard: Now for the hard part. Marilyn: Oh, you think you're going to have a hard time getting the album published? Richard: Well, it won't be easy. 【语言点精讲】 1. I think I've got them． 我认为该拍的我都拍到了。get的意思较多。这里表示“抓住了事物的本质或要点，得到了所期的收获”。
第3章美国浪漫主义欧文库柏 3.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义简介） In the history of American literature, the Romantic period is one of the most important periods. It stretched from the end of the eighteenth century through the outbreak of the civil war. 美国文学中的浪漫主义时期开始于18世纪末，到南北战争爆发为止，是美国文学史上的重要阶段。 1. Background（背景） (1) A nation bursting into new life cried for literary expression. The buoyant mood of the nation and the spirit of the times seemed in some measure responsible for the spectacular outburst of romantic feeling. The literary milieu proved fertile and conductive to the imagination. Magazine appeared in ever-increasing numbers. They played an important role in facilitating literary expansion. (2) Foreign influences added incentive to the growth of romanticism. The Romantic Movement, which had flourished earlier in the century both in England
ACT3: ACT 3-1 “你觉得他怎么样？” 【故事梗概】 Harry离开后，Susan把他们点的饭菜打包回家里和Marilyn共享。她和Marilyn一边吃东西，一边谈论Harry。虽然Harry在第一次约会时就中途离开，Susan却对他的印象不错。突然，有人敲门，来访者居然是Harry。Marilyn: What happened? Susan: The baby-sitter called. His daughter is sick. Marilyn: What's wrong? Susan: I think she has a stomachache. He's a good father. Marilyn: So...what do you think of him? Susan: He's very nice. But I think he was nervous tonight. It was his first date in two years. Marilyn: Will you see him again? Susan: I hope so. Marilyn: This food is delicious. Susan: He didn't get a thing to eat. Marilyn: You ordered enough for three or four people, but I'm not complaining. The food is delicious. Susan: Who is that? Marilyn: Do you think it's... Susan: No. [She goes to the door and looks through the peephole] You won't believe it, Marilyn! Marilyn: I believe it. Even without looking. 【语言点精讲】 1. What happened? 怎么了？出什么事了？Marilyn随后问的"What's wrong?"也是同样的意思。
考研阅读精读笔记（98Passage Four - 99）(2009-06-30 17:58:21) Passage Four L: census n.人口普查 regional a.地区的region n. standstill n.停止 in years ahead 将来 enthrone vt.使加冕；使登王位；使成为最高/最大/最强... densely ad.稠密地；密集地dense a. populate = inhabit vt.居住 the most densely populated region 人口最密集的地区 the most thinly populated area 人口最稀少的地区 counting n.计数，计算，数数count v. numerically ad.数字地，数目地numerical a. add up to = amount to 总计，达到 except for 除了 the Depression (1929-1932)大萧条 migrate v. 迁徙，移动migration n. migrant n.迁徙者；候鸟 belt n.带，地带，腰带 be attributed to 被归因于 nonstop a.不停顿的 wave n.浪潮；波浪 immigrant n.移民immigrate v. crop n.庄稼，作物；一批 baby boom 婴儿潮，婴儿出生高峰 child-bearing a.生育孩子的 demographer n.人口学家 demography n.人口学 vast a.广大的，大的 respectively ad.各自地respective a. be composed of 由...构成，包括 square n./a.正方形；广场；平方 per square mile 每平方英里 crowded a.拥挤crowdedness n. bearable a.能承受的，能忍受的 dramatize v.戏剧化的表达；清楚地表达/表现 spacious a.宽敞的 smog n.烟雾 plague n.弊端；瘟疫；灾难；祸患 urbanization n. 城市化，都市化urbanize v. the Golden State 指California two thirds 三分之二 one fifth 五分之一
ACT 1-1 “领结总是这么难打吗？” 【故事梗概】 Susan和Harry今天要结婚了。Philip, Richard和Robbie在帮助Harry打领结。但是他们似乎都不知道领结的打法。 Harry: [He looks in the mirror at his bow tie.] It looks wrong. Philip: Hmmm. It is wrong. Richard: Are they always that difficult to make? Philip: The truth is…yes. I'll try again. Robbie: At this rate, the wedding will take place tomorrow. Philip: Not to worry. OK. Here we go. [He tries again to tie Harry's bow tie.] Harry: I'm worried, Philip. What if we can't tie the tie? Richard: [joking] If we can't tie the tie, then there can't be a wedding. Robbie: You'd better not make Harry any more nervous than he is. [to Harry ] Don't worry. We'll figure a way. [Grandpa enters the room.] Grandpa: How're you doing, fellas? Harry: [nervously] Not so good, Grandpa. We can't get this bow tie tied. Nobody knows how to do it. Do you? Grandpa: No. I never could, either. 【语言点精讲】 1. He looks in the mirror at his bow tie. 他在看镜子里的领结。 bow tie: 领结，蝶形领结。 2. Are they always that difficult to make? 领结总是这么难打吗？ that: 那样，如此。that再这里起状语副词作用，相当于so，是美国人常用的非正式语言。
第19章美国戏剧 19.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American drama（美国戏剧概述） American drama began in 1916 when the Provincetown Players produced Eugene O’Neil’s first play, Bound East for Cardiff. It is true that there were no great masters in the theater comparable in stature to such major figures in fiction as Melville or James, but there had been people who did spadework for the rise of American drama in the 1920s. There was a renaissance of drama in the 1920s. American drama began the process of developing itself into a department of American literature equal in significance to both poetry and the novel. The theater of the Depression was not depressing. Like other branches of literature the drama was preoccupied with social concern. The staging of Tennessee Williams’The Glass Menagerie on Broadway in 1945 was an even of unusual significance, as it marked American drama’s coming of age. The late fifties saw a temporary decline in dramatic productions, but in the next decade, American drama picked up a good deal of fresh energy. With the passage of time there has appeared the increasingly more obvious tendency to “decentralize”from Broadway with more and more plays stages Off-Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway. And from the end of the sixties.
美国文学史复习（colonialism) 第一部分殖民主义时期的文学 一、时期综述 1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives 日记b、journals 游记 2、清教徒在美国的写作内容： 1）their voyage to the new land 2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops 3) About dealing with Indians 4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit 3、清教徒的思想： 1）puritan want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式 2) Wish to restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology. 重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位 3）look upon themselves as chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God's will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝 4）puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。 4、典型的清教徒：John Cotton & Roger William 他们的不同：John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America. 5、William的宗教观点：Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God. 行为上的德，信仰上的诚，并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利。没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。 6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人：Anne Bradstreet 7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人：the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor. 学习指南： 1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘 Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to the "purity" of the first-century church as established by Jesus Christ himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meaant to prove that were God's chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in Heaven. 2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry.
【走遍美国精讲笔记】第1课：林登大街46号 ACT 1 - 1 难度：容易作者：沪江英语来源：沪江英语评论：23 划词：已启用收藏 收藏喜欢的文章，日后复习吧！哎呀，可惜你是未注册用户！ ACT 1-1 “我可以给您和您的小男孩拍张照吗？” 【故事梗概】 自由摄影艺术家Ric hard Stewart，正在为编出自己的影集《走遍美国》到处拍照。今天他在由纽约市曼哈顿区到斯塔滕岛的渡船上工作，回程中遇到了来自加州的一位黑人妇女M artha V ann和她的小儿子Gerald。Ric hard想要给他们拍照。 请先听下面的音频： Ric hard: E xc use me. M y name is Ric hard Stewart. I'm a photographer. M ay I take a pic ture of you and your little boy? M rs.Vann: What's it for? Ric hard: It's for a book. M rs.Vann: Y ou're writing a book? Ric hard: It's a book of pic tures. I c all it Family A lbum, U.S.A. M rs.Vann: O h, that's a nic e idea. Well, it's fine if you take our picture. I'm M artha Vann. Ric hard: Thank you. I appreciate your help. I'm Ric hard. What's your name? Gerald: Gerald. Ric hard: How old are you, Gerald? Gerald: Five. Ric hard: A nd where do you live? M rs.Vann: We live in C alifornia. Ric hard: Well, welc ome to N ew Y ork. OK, just a sec ond. I'm almost ready here. 【语言点精讲】 1. Excuse me. My name is Richard Stewart. I'm a photographer. 这是Ric hard在与陌生人搭讪并介绍自己。
Amateur[??m?t?(r)] Naturalists[?n?t?r?l?st] Ecologists[i:?k?l?d??sts] are using a wealth of unusual data to predict he impact of climate change. 生态学家们通过大量民间数据来预测气候变化带来的影响 a wealth of Sn.大量;丰富If you say that someone or something has a wealth of good qualities or things, you are emphasizing that they have a very large number or amount of them. FORMAL 正式 ...such a wealth of creative expertise[?eksp?:?ti:z]... 如此丰富的创造性Un.专门技能 The city boasts[b??st]v.有，拥有（值得骄傲的成就或财产）a wealth of beautiful churches. 这座城市拥有众多美丽的教堂 A: Tim Sparks slides a small leather-bound装订的notebook out of an envelope[?env?l ??p]. Tim Sparks从信封里取出了一本皮面笔记本 slide out of The book’s yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth, Leicestershire. 笔记本的纸页已经微微泛黄，它记载了在Kilworth, Leicestershire居住的已故的养蜂人Walter Coates从1941年到1969年间的养蜂记录 late adj.已故的；已逝的；（尤指）新近去世的Y ou use late when you are talking about someone who is dead, especially someone who has died recently. His growing pile[pa?l] of local journals 他那堆越来越多的地方日报 a pile of
财大翻译综合常耀信《美国文学简史》考研考点总结 第1章殖民地时期的美国 1.1 复习笔记 I. American Puritanism（美国清教主义） The settlement of North American continent by the English began in the early part of the seventeenth century. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. In 1620, the ship Mayflower carried about one hundred Pilgrims arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts. The first settlers in America were quite a few of them Puritans. They came to America out of various reasons. They carried with them American Puritanism which took root in the New World and became the most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature. 英国向北美的移民活动开始于17世纪上半叶。英国于1607年在北美建立了第一个永久性海外殖民区：弗吉尼亚州的詹姆斯敦。1620年“五月花”号载运100余名移民抵达马萨诸塞州的普利茅斯。很多美国早期的移民是清教徒，他们出于多种原因来到美国。他们信奉的清教主义后来在新大陆生根发芽，并对美国思想和美国文学产生了根深蒂固的影响。 1．Doctrines of Puritanism（清教主义的教义）