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高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题(114)

高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题(114)
高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题(114)

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题(114)及答案

阅读理解----------B

Alzheimer's disease affects millions of people around the world. American researchers say the disease will affect more than one hundred million people worldwide by the year twenty fifty. That would be four times the current number. Researchers

and doctors have been studying Alzheimer's patients for a century. Yet the cause and cure for the mental sickness are still unknown. However, some researchers have made

important steps towards understanding it.

Several early signs of the disease involve memory and thought processes. At first, patients have trouble remembering little things. Later, they have trouble remembering more important things, such as the names of their children.

There are also some physical tests that might show who is at risk of developing

Alzheimer's disease. The tests look for proteins in brain and spinal cord fluid. The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease. The protein tests

correctly identify the presence of the disease in about ninety percent of patients.

Now, a much simpler physical test to predict Alzheimer's risk has been developed. Researchers found that trouble with the sense of smell can be one of the first signs

of Alzheimer's. Using this information, they developed a test in which people were

asked to identify twelve familiar smells. These smells included cinnamon, black pepper, chocolate, paint thinner, and smoke.

The study continued for five years. During this period, the same people were asked to take several tests measuring their memory and thought abilities. Fifty percent

of those who could not identify at least four of the smells in the first test had

trouble with their memory and thinking in the next five years.

Another study has shown a possible way to reduce a person's chances of developing Alzheimer's disease in old age. Researchers in Chicago found that people who use their brains more often are less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. Those who read a

newspaper, or play chess or word games are about three times less likely to develop

the condition.

Researchers say they still do not know what causes Alzheimer's disease. But they

say these findings might help prevent the disease in the future.

6. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Some early signs of the Alzheimer's disease.

B. Some physical tests about Alzheimer's disease.

C. The research about Alzheimer's disease.

D. The patients of Alzheimer's disease.

7. What’s the current number of Alzheimer’s patients?

A. 100 million

B. 25 million

C. 400 million

D. 2050 million

8. What is NOT t he early signs of the Alzheimer's disease according to the passage?

A. Poor memory

B. Proteins exist in the brain.

C. Trouble with the sense of smell.

D. Less use of the brain.

9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Alzheimer's disease.

B. Alzheimer's patients.

C. The cause and cure.

D. The research.

10. According to the passage, we can learn that _______.

A. there are no proteins in the brains of the people with no Alzheimer's disease

B. the people who often use their brains will not get Alzheimer's disease

C. researchers and doctors have found ways to cure Alzheimer's disease

D. the people who have the trouble with the sense of smell will certainly suffer

from Alzheimer's disease

[全解全析]本文主要讲述对老人痴呆症的研究。

C 主旨大意题。根据全文所讨论的内容得知,选项A, B, D选项在文章中有讨论过, 但不全面。

B 细节理解题。由第一段第二,第三行可知:到2050年老人痴呆症病人的人数会达到100 million, 也就是现在的4倍,现在的人数就是25 million。

D 细节理解题。A, B, C都是老人痴呆症的早期特征, D项指少用脑只会更容易得老人痴呆症, 而不是它的早期特征。

A 词义猜测题。根据上文和此句的意义可知答案。

A 推理判断题。由第三段The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease 可推断出答案。

C

When I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me. I’ve lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shoot-ups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who ended up in prison. I could have

ended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldn’t let that happen.

Mr. Clark worked long hours, making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact,

the scores of our whole class rose. One day, he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Before

the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our

mouths full. We did not want to let him down.

Mr. Clark was selected as Disney’s 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would

draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to Los Angeles to

get the award. But when the time came to draw names, Mr. Clark said, “You’re all going.” 

On graduation day, there were a lot of tears. We didn’t want his class to end.

In 2001, he moved to Atlanta, but he always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55.

In 2003, Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school

supplies and visit the orphanages (孤儿院). It was the most amazing experience of

my life. It’s now my dream to one day start a group of women’s clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.

11. Without Mr. Clark, the writer .

A. might have been put into prison

B. might not have won the prize

C. might have joined a women’s club

D. might not have moved to Atlanta

12. The Essential 55 is .

A. a show

B. a speech

C. a classroom rule

D. a book

13. How many students’ names were finally drawn out of a hat by Mr. Clark?

A. None

B. Three

C. Fifty-five

D. All

14. What can we learn in the passage?

A. It was in Harlem that we saw The Phantom of the Opera for the first time.

B. Mr. Clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full, and we did.

C. Mr. Clark was selected as Disney’s 2000 Teacher of the Year in Los Angeles.

D. In 2003, Mr. Clark moved to Atlanta, and he always kept in touch with us.

15. In the passage, the writer intends to tell us that .

A. Mr. Clark went to South Africa because he liked traveling

B. Mr. Clark helped to set up a group of women’s clubs

C. a good teacher can help r aise his or her students’ scores

D. a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students

【参考答案】11—15、11-20 ADABD

D

Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.

The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.

The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania

State University report in the latest issue of Science.

Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish(斑马鱼) to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin

(黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin

color.

It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have

a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented

skin.

However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation

is different in human and zebrafish genes.

Humans a cquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.

But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more

sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according

to Cheng.

Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said

Cheng.

The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical

treatment did on Michael Jackson.

16. The passage mainly tells us that ________.

A. people can not change their skin color without any pain

B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely

C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked

D. scientists have found out that people’s skin color is determined by the gene

17. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot from

the damage caused by the chemical treatment

B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene

C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer

D. there are two kinds of genes

18. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to

________.

A. find the different genes of humans’

B. prove the humans’ skin color is determined by the pigment gene

C. find out the reason why the Africans’ skin color is dark

D. find out the ways of changing people’s skin c olor

19. The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _____

A. they are born light-skinned people

B. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production

C. they have fewer activities outside

D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin

20. The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is ________.

A. neutral(中立的)

B. negative

C. positive

D. indifferent(冷漠)【参考答案】16—20、DABBC

阅读理解-----------C

Slang is a popular, less official and often very current form of language. It is

an important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes. Slang is often playful, direct and sometimes less respectful than the more official

and traditional version of language. So now I'm going to lay it on you! To “lay it on” is American slang for “to tell” or “to explain.”

Slang can take many forms. For example, slang can be local to one city or area.

In Washington, D.C. there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and business

in the city. For example, the term POTUS stands for President of the United States.

POTUS c an often be found with his wife, FLOTUS, the first lady of the United States. “Inside the Beltway” is a popular expression that describes the area of Washington, D.C. The beltway is the large highway that circles the city.

The Internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer-related slang. An

“angry fruit salad” is an expression that describes a Web s ite with too many bright colors. “Netiquette” is slang for correct behavior when using the Internet.

Young people often develop the latest slang. For example, to say Special English

“rocks” or is “phat” means Special English is really great. A “kegger” is a

party where beer is served. If something is “wack” it is wild and crazy.

Different professions often have their own slang as well. For example, medical

workers might ref er to a complaining patient as a “gomer”. A "tough stick" is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken.

No matter how well you speak English, there are always new and interesting slang

words to discover. There are entire dictionaries for describing slang. Many experts

do not even agree on what is and what is not slang. Often slang words later become

a part of officially accepted language. Official or not, slang is an energetic and

exciting part of the American language that continues to change.

11. Which of the following is NOT t rue for slang compared with the official language?

A. Playful

B. Direct

C. Less respectful

D. More official

12. It can be inferred from the passage that______.

A. if you speak English very well, there is no problem for you to understand English

speakers

B. slang words are created by people in their daily life

C. English speakers are clear whether it is a slang

D. slang words will never be accepted as official language

13. Which of the following is not mentioned to have helped create slang?

A. The internet.

B. Young people.

C. President of the United States.

D. Professions

14. Where do you think is the passage adapted from?

A. A radio speech

B. A magazine.

C. A textbook.

D. A newspaper.

15. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A. What is slang?

B. Slang is popular

C. Who creates slang?

D. Slang is a language.

[全解全析]本文主要介绍了美国俚语的一些情况。

D 细节理解题。由文中第一段可知答案。

B 推理判断题。文中提到俚语产生有地区性,各行各业, 各阶层中,由此可知答案。

C 细节理解题。由第二段可知,有代表美国总统的俚语,而不是美国总统创造俚语。

A 推理判断题。从文章第一段最后一句可知答案。

A 主旨大意题。B, C, D都只是文章所涉及的部分内容。A概括较全面。

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇(1) 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC.In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1.“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A.the emotion is harmless B.the emotion is harmful C.the feeling is very strong D.the feeling is hard 2.What statement is right? A.Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B.Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C.Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D.Anger may cause you a cancer. 3.Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A.is just the same as B.is more harmful than C.is no better than D.is much better than 4.According to the author, you'd better _________. A.never be angry B.cool it down before you express it C.laugh and laugh when you get angry D.admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1.阅读理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of complex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the complex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Over-hunting, overfishing, and human-driven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call the "Anthropocene". By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world's current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass die-offs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the "megafaunal" extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists. (1)What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction? A. Humans are the main cause of it. B. It means a global decline over a long time. C. It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene. D. Scientists still disagree about the cause of it. (2)What can be inferred from the text about species? A. 99% of species will not be around any more by 2100. B. By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet. C. About eight years later we will enter what is called the "Anthropocene". D. It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the"Anthropocene". (3)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A. Land animals. B. Marine life. C. Huge animals. D. Flesh-eating creatures.

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习,值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力,即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来,阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是:(1)掌握所读材料的主旨大意,以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节;(2)既理解具体事实,也理解抽象的概念;(3)既理解字面意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度、意图等;(4)既理解某句、某段的意义,也理解全篇的逻辑关系,并能根据文章进行推理和判断;(5)既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解,也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求,试题中常采用如下几种题型:事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计,答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1.首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理,因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感,特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀,从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的,因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事,也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求,试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词,只要认真分析,仔细阅读,这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2.扫读全文,理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章,首先要快速扫读全文,虽为扫读,但不可漫不经心,阅读时也应聚精会神,力求可能多地获取材料信息,只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理,不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

3.对症下药,各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后,再把短文的问题简单看一遍,弄懂题意,然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息,是为某些特定的问题而阅读,因此阅读时要有较强的针对性,对与问题有关的数据,词句等仔细阅读,认真理解,同时结合不同考查内容的题型,采取如下解题对策: (1)事实询问题:这类试题通常是以疑问词what,who,when,where,why,how 等引起的特殊问句,就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义,然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节,正确估计答案来源,同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息,确认各种信息。 (2)推理判断题:此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思,对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手,根据上下文的内在联系,充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系,人物的动机,以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西,不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考,切勿想当然,凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 (3)数据推算题:此题要求我们就文章提供的数据,以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断,然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时,要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析,若数据信息较多,还要注意弄清数据之间的关系,同时分清有用与无用信息,最终作出正确判断。 (4)主旨大意题:此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句,抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意,因此,只要找准每段的主题句,文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。

北京市海淀区高考英语阅读理解训练(6)(含解析)(1)

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