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可编辑修改精选全文完整版2020牛津译林版新教材高中英语必修二unit3课文原文及翻译（含单词表）Alex around the world亚力克斯环球游记10 January, a wedding ceremony, India一月十日，一场婚礼，印度When Nadim invited me to his sister's wedding, I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime. I was definitely not wrong!当纳迪姆邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼时，我觉得这是个千载难逢的好机会。
结果我还真没猜错！The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room. There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes. According to tradition,the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.婚礼在一间装饰华美的酒店包房内举行。
到场宾客数以百计，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。
遵照传统，新娘身穿一袭分外夺目的红丝绸莎丽。
I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. One was the bridegroom's entrance on a beautiful white horse. I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim's father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband. It reminded me of my sister's wedding.Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same.不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。
上教版必修三Unit3The way we areReading AIdeal beautyNigerian teenager Happiness Edem had just one aim in life:to put on weight.So she spent six months in a“fattening room”where her daily routine was to sleep,eat and grow fat.She went in weighing60kg,but came out weighing twice that.In some parts of Africa,being fat is desirable because it is a sign of attractiveness in women and power and wealth in men.However,in magazines and in the media we are bombarded with images of slim women with a fair complexion and handsome,broad-shouldered young men.It is fairly rare to see short-sighted,middle-aged models.Some people question these shallow beauty ideals.Is one idea of physical beauty really more attractive than another?Ideas about physical beauty change over time and different periods of history reveal different views of beauty,particularly of women.Egyptian paints often show slim dark-haired women as the normal practice,while one of the earliest representations of women in art is an overweight female. This is the Venus of Hohle Fels and it is more than35,000years old.In the early1600s,artists like Peter Paul Rubens also painted plump,pale-skinned women who were thought to be the most stunning examples of female beauty at that time.In Elizabethan England,pale skin was still fashionable because it was a sign of wealth:the make-up used to achieve this look was expensive, so only rich people could afford it.Within different cultures around the world,there is a huge difference in what is considered beautiful.Traditional customs,like tattooing,head-shaving,piercing or other kinds of bodily changes can express social position,identity or values.In Borneo,for instance,tattoos are like a diary because they are a written record of all the important events and places a man has experienced in his life.For New Zealand’s Maoris they reflect the person’s position in society.Western society used to have a very low opinion of tattoos.Today they are considered a popular form of body art among the new generation.For Europeans,the tradition of using metal rings to stretch a girl’s neck may be shocking,but the Myanmar people consider women with long and thin necks more elegant.In Indonesia,the custom of sharpening girls’teeth to points might seem very odd while it is perfectly acceptable in other places to straighten children’s teeth with braces.Wearing rings in the nose or plastic surgery might be seen as ugly and unattractive by some cultures,but it is commonplace in many others.It appears that through the ages and across different cultures,people have always changed their bodies and faces for a wide variety of reasons:sometimes to help them look more beautiful, and sometimes to enable them to show social position or display group identity.Whether it is wearing make-up or decorating the body with tattoos,rings and piercings,different cultures view these things with different eyes.Does this mean that we are all beautiful in our own way?理想的美尼日利亚少年Happiness Edem的人生目标只有一个，那就是增肥。
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译完整版Many Americans have a romanticized view of life in the countryside。
They dream of starting their own farms and living off the land。
However。
few actually follow through with these dreams。
This may be for the best。
as XXX。
XXX difficulties。
XXX to change his way of life.When XXX owning a farm。
XXX't be easy。
He had to learn how to manage all aspects of the farm。
XXX。
he had to balance his farm work with his writing career。
However。
he was determined to make it work and was willing to put in the hard work and long hours required.Despite the challenges。
XXX in his new way of life。
He enjoys being able to work outside and connect with nature。
He also appreciates the sense of independence and self-sufficiency that comes with running a farm。
While it can be difficult at times。
XXX.In n。
while farming may not be the XXX。
Unit 3ReadingSailing the oceans航海Zheng He郑和In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China’s greatest explorers, set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board, which was a splendid scene. It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas. According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships.1405年夏天，郑和，中国最伟大的探险家之一，从太仓启航，开始了他的第一次航行。
一支拥有200多艘船只的舰队在蓝色的海洋上航行，船上有近28，000人，一派壮丽的景象。
直到500年后，才有更大的舰队在海上航行。
根据一些记录，最大的船只长度超过140米，展示出当时用于建造船舶的先进技术和特殊技艺。
Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages. His ships were loaded with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa. As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast. Later the detailed maps became Zheng He’s Navigation Map.1405年至1433年间，郑和代表明朝共出航七次。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3课文原文及翻译Until1（8较完整）-1 / 54目录Unit1 Text A Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream Life ............................................................................. 1 Unit1 Text B American Family Life: The Changing Picture ................................................. 4 Unit2 Text A The Freedom Givers (10)Unit3 Text A The Land of the Lock (14)Unit3 Text B Why I Bought A Gun ......................................................................................... 16 Unit4 Text A Was Einstein a Space Alien? ..................................................................................... 21 Unit5 Text A Writing Three Thank-You Letters ............................................................................. 25 Unit6 Text A The Last Leaf...............................................................................................................28 Unit7 Text A Life of a Salesman (33)Unit7 Text B Bricklayer’sBoy (41)Unit8 Text A Human Cloning: A Scientist’s Story ......................................................... 47 Unit8 Text B Second Thoughts on Cloning .. (50)Unit1 Text A Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream Life多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活吉姆·多尔蒂Jim Doherty1 There are two things I have always wanted to do -- write and live on a farm. Today I’m doing both. I am not in E. B. White’s class as a writer or in my neighbors’ league as a farmer, but I’m getting by. And after years of frustration with city and suburban living, my wife Sandy and I have finally found contentment here in the country.有两件事是我一直想做的――写作与务农。
Unit 1Main Reading拥有自己头脑的机器如果任其自由发展，有些机器可以学得更聪明，在一些最需要脑力的任务方面甚至会超越人类。
人类能否建造出可以演变得更好并可以超出人们想象而发明解决方案的机器吗？利用计算蛮力方法，计算机现在可以进行通行的国际象棋游戏。
1997年，IBM的一款名为深蓝的超级计算机击败了卡斯帕罗夫。
世界冠军认为这次经历如同与顶尖的人类挑战者对抗一样艰难。
阿蓝图灵，战时英国谜团破译密码工作背后的数学天才，于20世纪50年代设立了人工智能的标准，而深蓝的行为至少达到了其中的一个。
然而，深蓝的成功并没有给人工智能界留下深刻的印象，那是因为这台机器的创举仅仅在于运算速度快于其他任何以前的计算机。
巨大的处理能力可以使它预测到向前推进的棋步多达30个，而且它聪明的编程可以计算出数百万的可能的棋步中哪一步会加强它的位置。
但就本身而言，深蓝所能做的，而且出色完成的仅仅是数学。
它不能为象棋游戏制定自己的战略。
但是如果深蓝被赋予一种演变的能力，使用反复试验的经历学会完善自身，会怎么样呢？一种名为“演化硬件”的新技术正试图这么做。
和深蓝一样，演化硬件也是通过尝试几十亿个不同的可能，寻求解决方案。
区别在于，和深蓝不同，演化硬件不停地调整和完善它的搜索算法，而这也正是找到解决方案所需的逻辑步骤。
它每次都选择最好的，并加以尝试。
而且，它所作的一切不是根据编好的指令，而都是自动完成的，。
传统观念长期认为一个机器的能力是受限于创造者的想象力。
但是在过去的几年里，演化硬件的前驱已经成功地建造了一些可以自行调整并且表现更佳的设备。
有些情况下，后来出现的机器甚至超出了创造者的能力。
例如，在电路设计领域，对几十年来人类束手无策的一些问题，演化硬件却找出了创造性的解决方案。
演化硬件首先需要硬件可以重新配置。
如果一个设备不能调整形状或调整做事方法，它是不可能演变的。
拿一把瑞士军刀为例，如果要完成开启瓶子的任务，使用者要确认刀具中合适的工具，然后打开刀具，再把设备转变成一个可以敲开瓶盖的用具。
Unit 1Active reading 1抓螃蟹大学最后一年的秋天，我们的心情变了。
刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。
我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。
当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。
我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。
以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。
还有别的事情让大家心情焦虑。
每个人都在心里盘算着过几个月毕业离校之后该找份什么样的工作。
并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。
有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。
我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。
但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，就是想在银行、地方政府或其他单位当个白领，希望在20 出头的时候能挣到足够多的薪水，过上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望升职，过安稳日子。
感恩节的时候我回了一趟家，兄弟姐妹们免不了不停地问我毕业后有什么打算，我不知道该说什么。
实际上，我知道该说什么，但我怕他们批评我，所以只对他们说了别人都准备干什么。
父亲看着我，什么也没说。
夜深时，他叫我去他的书房。
我们坐了下来，他给我们俩各倒了杯饮料。
“怎么样？”他问。
“啊，什么怎么样？”“你毕业后到底想做什么？”他问道。
父亲是一名律师，我一直都认为他想让我去法学院深造，追随他的人生足迹，所以我有点儿犹豫。
过了会儿我回答说：“我想旅行，我想当个作家。
Unit 1Inside ViewConversation 1Janet: Hi, it’s me again, Janet Li. I’m still a student at the University of Oxford in England. But I’m not in Oxford right now. And I haven’t gone back home to China either. It’s the long vacation now, and believe it or not, it’s the middle of summer. I’m spending my summer in one of the world’s greatest cities. I’m in London, home to the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Tower Bridge…and the double-decker bus. I want to find out what it’s like to live in this busy, lively city. So I’m working for London Time Off, a website about what’s on in London. This is Joe…, he’s my boss, and this is Andy, who is a reporter. And what’s my job? Well, I don’t know yet, because it’s my first day. But I’m meant to be shadowing Andy, oh, what I mean is, I’m going to be helping him. So can you tell me something about London, Andy?Andy: It’s the greatest city in the world. .Joe: Except for New York!Andy: New York? Don’t make me laugh!Joe: And your point is…?Andy: Look, if you want my opinion, London is greater than New York…Joe: No, I don’t want your opinion, thank you very much. It’s a fact.Andy: A fact! Are you serious?\Janet: And here we are in London, probably the greatest city in the world.Andy: What? Probably? Excuse me, I prefer to deal with this myself…Joe: Ah, dream on, Andy………珍妮特：嗨，又是我，珍妮特.李。
u nit 1 Mr.Doherty Bu ilds His D ream LifeIn Ameri ca many pe ople havea romantic idea of l ife in the countrysi de. Many l iving in t owns dream of starti ng up thei r own farm, of livin g off theland. Fewget roundto putting their dre ams into p ractice. T his is per haps justas well, a s the life of a farm er is farfrom easy,as Jim Do herty disc overed whe n he set o ut to comb ine beinga writer w ith runnin g a farm.Neverthele ss, as heexplains,he has noregrets an d remainsenthusiast ic about h is decisio n to chang e his wayof life. 在美国，不少人对乡村生活怀有浪漫的情感。
许多居住在城镇的人梦想着自己办个农场，梦想着靠土地为生。
很少有人真去把梦想变为现实。
或许这也没有什么不好，因为，正如吉姆·多尔蒂当初开始其写作和农场经营双重生涯时所体验到的那样，农耕生活远非轻松自在。
但他写道，自己并不后悔，对自己作出的改变生活方式的决定仍热情不减。
Mr. Dohe rty Builds His Dream LifeJim Doherty 1 Th ere are tw o things I have alwa ys wantedto do -- w rite and l iveon a f arm. Today I'm doing both. I a m not in E. B. White's class a s a writer or in myneighbors'league as a farmer, but I'm g etting by.And after years offrustratio n with cit y and subu rban livin g, my wife Sandy and I have fi nally foun d contentm ent here i n the coun try.多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活吉姆·多尔蒂有两件事是我一直想做的――写作与务农。
新视野大学英语第三册课文翻译Unit1 AMy brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, my life revolved around my brother’s. Accompanying my growing up was always “go out and play and take your brother with you”. I couldn’t go anywhere without him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。
两年后，我出生了.从此以后，我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。
伴随我成长的，是“到外面去玩，把你哥哥也带上。
”不带上他，我是哪里也去不了的。
因此，我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来，尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。
My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put on belt. My father, a saint, simply held the house together with his patience and understanding.I was in charge outside where I administered justice by tracking down the parents of the kids who picked on my brother, and telling on them.我母亲教吉米学习日常自理，比如刷牙或系皮带什么的.我父亲宅心仁厚，他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。
unit 1 Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeMr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeJim Doherty1 There are two things I have always wanted to do -- write and live on a farm. Today I'm doing both. I am not in E. B. White's class as a writer or in my neighbors' league as a farmer, but I'm getting by. And after years of frustration with city and suburban living, my wife Sandy and I have finally found contentment here in the country.多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活吉姆·多尔蒂有两件事是我一直想做的――写作与务农。
如今我同时做着这两件事。
作为作家，我和E·B·怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。
在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。
2 It's a self-reliant sort of life. We grow nearly all of our fruits and vegetables. Our hens keep us in eggs, with several dozen left over to sell each week. Our bees provide us with honey, and we cut enough wood to just about make it through the heating season.这是一种自力更生的生活。
U1blast吹起、炸boundary边界budget预算combine结合device设备、装置digest文摘、摘要economic经济的generate形成、产生haul(用卡车)搬运illustrate 举例说明improvement改进indoor室内的insurance 保险invest 投资involve包含、使陷入lower 降低minor 较少的profit 得益、利润pursue追求requirement 要求resist 抵制scale 规模stack 一堆、将…堆起来supplement补充、增补suspect 怀疑temptation 诱惑(物)wucked 邪恶的、坏的aside from 除…之外at the point 就在那时cut back 减少dine out 外出吃饭get by 过得去get through通过just about几乎on a small/large scale小/大规模U3analyze分析、研究atmosphere气氛、大气barrier 障碍、妨碍chart 图表、示意图civilize 开化、使文明electronic 电子的、触发式报警装置era 纪元、时代、年代error 错误、误差feature 给…以显著地位medium 中等的paste浆糊、用浆糊粘贴reflection 有损声誉的、思考、反映rural 农村的sideways 斜向一边sophisticated 复杂的、世故的statistics 统计suburb 郊区system 系统、制度threaten 威胁、恐吓universal普遍的urban 城市的vulnerable 易受攻击的、无防御的wander闲逛、徘徊be bathed in 沉浸、沐浴于build in 使成为建筑物的一部分close up (尤指暂时)关闭hook up to 连接到look back on 回顾on the latch (门)关着但没上锁put up 建造、设置stand for象征、表示with/by a small/largemargin 小/大幅度的without/with not somuch as甚至连…都没…U4Accordingly因此、从而Anniversary周年纪念日Approve赞成、同意Caution小心、谨慎Concentration专心Credit把…归于Fabric织物Flaw缺陷Foundation基础、原理Imagination想象力impressive给人深刻印象inspiration灵感intuition直觉loose松的、自由的mess脏乱状态outbreak（疾病等）爆发presence出席、到场reality现实remarkable值得注意的、非凡的stimulate使兴奋、刺激strain使紧张、拉紧trifle少量、少许undermine暗中破坏、逐渐损害unify使成一体、使结合at the turn of the century在世纪初believe in认为（某事）是正确的、对…有信心beyond (any) doubt毫无疑问come to/reach aconclusion得出结论doze off打瞌睡if anything要说有什么区别的话in a row连续地(never) get anywhere/getnowhere一事无成not give/care a fig(forsb./sth.)对…毫不在乎U5Accord使符合、给予Amind在…当中Assemble集合、装配Considerate体贴的Diminish（使）变小Expose使暴露Gratitude感激Immerse使浸没Instance 实例、例子Marvelous不可思议的Quote引用、引述Repay偿还、报答Reverse交换…的位置Sincere诚挚的、真诚的Specific明确的、具体的Sprinkle将…洒在…上Statement陈述、声明Successive接连不断的、连续的Swift迅疾的、即时的Traditional传统的Undergo经过、经历Unload卸（货）、卸下Weep为…而哭泣And the rest等等At sea在海上航行Be exposed to暴露于、与…接触Be immersed in沉迷于Bring back回想起Get to sth./doing sth.开始认真思考（或做）Go about表现、忙于、着手In a flash一瞬间In part在某种程度上In quest of寻求、探求In secret秘密地、暗自In turn挨个地、轮流地Long for渴望On sb.’s behalf代表（某人）、为（某人）Put away把…收起、放好Take…for granted认为…是理所当然的Turn over考虑、思考Under way航行中、工作中U6Acute急性的、严重的Backward倒着Cling抓紧、抱紧Dreary沉闷的、阴沉的、使人忧郁的Endure忍耐、持续Fancy幻想Flutter飘动、晃动Fragile虚弱的、易碎的Joint共同的、共有的Masterpiece杰作、代表作Merry高兴的Mingle混合Mock嘲弄、取笑Nonsence废话、荒唐念头Persistent持续的、一再发生Scarcely几乎没有Sin罪孽、罪过Stalk潜行、可怕地蔓延Subtract减去、扣除Whistle吹口哨Be wet through湿透的Call to呼唤Cling to紧紧抓住For the rest至于其他Hear of听说、得知In a whisper低声地In tune和谐（地）Look the part看上去很像Pull up拉起Sit up坐起来Stand out显著、突出To excess过度Turn loose放手、放纵Wear away（时间）流逝、磨损课文翻译：I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It ta kes a couple of special qualities. One is a tolerance for solitude. Because we are so busy and on such a tight budget, we don't entertain much. During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway. Jim and Emily are involved in school activities, but they too spend mos t of their time at home. 我想，不是所有热爱乡村的人都会乐意过我们这种生活的。
<<三十六计>> 的英文表达<<孙子兵法>>三十六计(Thirty-Six Stratagems )乃兵家之经典著作。
语源于南北朝，成书于明清，是汉民族悠久文化遗产之一。
古人学好三十六计，带兵打胜券在握。
现代人习之，在商场职场生活领域中，古为今用。
而三十六计在外国也极受欢迎……那么就一起看看三十六计的英文表达吧！【1】第一套胜战计Chapter 1:Winning Stratagems第一计瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage■原文备周则意怠；常见则不疑。
阴在阳之内，不在阳之对。
太阳，太阴。
翻译：认为准备万分周到，就容易松劲；平时看惯了的，就往往不再怀疑了，秘计隐藏在暴露的事物中，而不是和公开的形式相排斥。
非常公开的往往蕴藏着非常机密的。
根据阴阳相互转化的规律，阳极而阴生，阴极而阳生。
■英文注释Mask your real goals, by using the ruse of a fake goal, until the real goal is achieved. Tactically, this is known as an ‘open feint’: in front of everyone, you point west, when your goal is actually in the east.第二计围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei■原文共敌不如分敌；敌阳不如敌阴。
翻译：打击兵力集中的敌人不如打击兵力分散的敌人；正面攻击敌人不如背后偷袭敌人。
树敌不可过多，对敌要各个击破，对现在还不忙于消灭的，要隐藏我们的意图。
■英文注释When the enemy is too strong to be attacked directly, then attack something he holds dear. Know that he cannot be superior in all things. Somewhere there is a gap in the armour, a weakness that can be attacked instead. The idea here is to avoid a head-on battle with a strong enemy, and instead strike at his weakness elsewhere. This will force the strong enemy to retreat in order to support his weakness. Battling against the now tired and low-morale enemy will give a much higher chance of success.第三计借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife■原文敌已明，友未定，引友杀敌。
新策略大学英语第三册第二单元课后练习新策略大学英语第三册第二单元课后练习Exercises for Unit 21.Because of the military n. 军队；军人applications, many national space programs 太空计划，空间计划are often _____.[A] uncovered 揭露in secrecy [B] covered in secret[C] veiled隐藏的；含蓄的；蒙上面纱的 in secret [D] veiled in secrecy 保密地2.A debate 辩论，争论is being _____ how to overcome many political andsocial differences between the two countries before wider cooperation could occur.[A] waging [B] waged[C] waited [D] waiting·A debate is being waged正在展开一场辩论3.After human _____ to the moon, China will consider human flightsto Mars.[A] commissions佣金，手续费[B] missiles导弹[C] missions 任务；代表[D] permissions许可，权限，书面许可证签单请求允许·Mission To The Moon 月球任务4._____ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith wasappointed as our guide.[A] Despite尽管，不管[B] Regardless of 不顾，不管[C] Instead of代替，不是。
大学英语新策略原文加翻译第一单元A career is the sum total of all of your work-related contributions to society in a lifetime. This includes time and effort spent to provide goods, services, or benefit to others. A career includes paid, un-paid, volunteer, part-time, andfull-time positions. Your career includes many life roles you may not think of: student, homemaker, babysitter, office worker, doctor, lawyer, etc. A career encompasses all the roles you play and duties you perform. You may have many jobs or positions that make up your career, but you only have one overall career. There are various career options in the modern world of work: Self-Employed, Organization Employed, or Project-Employed.By definition, career development is the interaction of psychological, sociological, economic, physical and chance factors that shape the sequence of jobs, occupations, or positions a person may engage in throughout his or her lifetime. Career development is an ongoing process that includes the aspects of planning and strategizing your career based on information about your self, the world of work, thematch between them, and the action you will take to create your life’s work. Formal career development occurs in high schools, colleges and universities, adult education programs, business and industry, military, community and government agencies, trade and technical schools. Consider all the places you have developed your career with either academic or work experience. Where can you go next and what can you do to further develop your career?You have the power to create what you want, whether you wish to be self-employed, change career fields entirely, hold a certain kind of position, or volunteer your time. Smart career development requires you to be self-reflective, resourceful, motivated, flexible, and able to keep your skills and competencies up-to-date.Contemporary Career ConceptsStatistics say that we will experience many job transitions throughout our life. For example: the U.S. Department of Labor says that the average person will have 3.5 different careers in his lifetime and work for ten employers, keeping each job for 3.5 years.From the 1995 National Association of Colleges and Employers Journal of Career Planning, ―The average American beginning his or her career in the 1990s will probably work in ten or more jobs for five or more employers before retiring.‖In the mid 1990s, Richard Knowdell said, ―Career planning in the 1950s and 1960s was like riding on a train. The train remained on the track and one could quite possibly stay on that track until retirement day. In the 1970s and 1980s career planning was like getting on a bus. One could change buses and it was a little closer to driving than on a train. For the 1990s and beyond, career planning is more like an all-terrain vehicle. The worker gets to drive, has to read the map, and has to be attuned to the terrain, which could change from moment to moment.‖When I attended a recent California Career Development Conference, I heard several other metaphors to describe the career development process. One person said, ―The old career was a marriage. The new career is a date.‖ And someone else mentioned, ―A career is like going to an amusement park, where you go from one ride to the next.‖Obviously, the concept of climbing the career ladder is antiquated. Rather than ―moving up‖ in one organization, you will find yourself moving up, down, and even off the ladder. It could, in fact, seem more like a maze, with many twists and turns, stops and starts.My own concept of career is like a wardrobe, where you ―try on‖ different outfits throughout your lifetime, and continue to check the mirror to see if it still fits and matches your current style and taste. In the modern world of work, you will need to find work that is ―suited‖ to you. Think of your life’s work as your wardrobe. It is ever-changing as you move through life, changing as your styles and interests change. Throughout the process, you will be tailoring yourself to fit different roles, and to meet changing work styles and expectations.Thus, today, the way in which we go about planning and strategizing our work life is constantly changing. We are taking a more proactive—therefore more exciting and challenging approach— to managing which way our career takes us. People are daring to walk their unique paths, and ignoring traditional routes. In fact, tomorrow’s jobs are relatively unknown to us at this time, as there will be new titlesand new career fields that will develop. If a modern career is like a wardrobe, you will wear many kinds of outfits throughout a lifetime, sometimes mixing and matching ensembles, but always checking to see that it still reflects your current style and remains a good fit. It has been said that clothes make the man–what you are displaying to the world through your choice of clothing is how you express yourself. Similarly, how you express yourself and what you value is reflected in the work you choose to perform.As Mark Twain said, ―There is no security in life, only opportunity.‖ Given today’s cha nging times, we cannot hold onto one idea for very long—there is so much good work that must be done to help us evolve to our fullest potential. We are multi-talented, multi-faceted beings with many gifts to share. We cannot lock ourselves into any one job or job path. We must walk our path, but remain flexible and open to new experiences. We also need to learn our lessons along the way. Each job, no matter how small, is meaningful and is part ofour career plan in that we are always building onto our careers. Today’s work will prepare us for tomorrow’s opportunities.何为事业呢?A career is the sum total of all of your work-related contributions to society in a lifetime. 一个人的事业是之总和,你所有的工作对社会的贡献在一生。
