PASSAGE ONE
英译汉：
1．My topic today is “The Car and Air Pollution”.
我今天的话题是“轿车与空气污染”。
2．In particular, I want firstly to discuss the ways in which the car causes air pollution; and secondly, how we can control or reduce air pollution from the car.
具体说来，我想先讨论一下轿车引起空气污染的途径，然后我们如何控制和减少由轿车产生的空气污染。
3．First, then, how does the car cause air pollution?
首先，轿车如何导致空气污染？
4．What happens is that the car’s internal combustion engine is a kind of chemical factory on a small scale.
桥车内燃机实际上是一座小型化工厂。
5．It uses a mixture of petrol and air, and this mixture explodes and burns, to produce the energy which propels the car.
内燃机所用的燃料是汽油和空气的混合物。汽油夹着空气，燃烧后产生驱车动力。6．But while this is happening, many complicated chemical reactions are taking place.
但是许多复杂的化学反应也同时发生。
7．In particular, part of the petrol-air mixture is not completely burned up, and so the exhaust gases from the engine contain some very dangerous chemicals, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, lead and hydrocarbons.
具体而言，部分汽油空气混合物不能完全燃烧，并且发动机产生的废气包含着一些非常危险的化学物质，比如一氧化碳、氮氧化物、铅和碳氢化合物。
8．This is the situation, then, and it’s going to get much worse, unless we do something about it.
这是一种情况，如果我们不对它采取某些措施，这种情况将会变得越来越糟糕。
9．So –let’s focus our attention now on ways of controlling or reducing the amount of air pollution caused by the car.
因此，我们现在应把注意力放在控制或者减少由汽车产生的空气污染方法上来。
10．I want to mention five possibilities.
我想谈一下可以采用的5 中措施：
11．First, we can discourage the use of cars.
首先，我们不鼓励使用轿车。
12．For example, we can put higher taxes on petrol and on cars themselves - especially the larger ones that use a lot of petrol.
例如，我们可以给汽油和轿车本身价更高的税- 特别是耗油量高的大型车。13．Second, we can encourage alternative methods of transport both between and within
urban areas.
第二，我们可以鼓励在城市内部和城市之间使用替代的交通工具。
14．For instance, we can make train and bus services cheaper and more convenient.
比如，我们可以使火车和巴士服务更加廉价和便利。
15．And we can build a mass transit system in large cities, particularly an underground railway system such as those in London, New York, Moscow and Tokyo.
我们可以在大城市建立公共交通系统，特别是像伦敦、纽约、莫斯哥和东京的地铁系统。16．Next, we can use a different and cleaner fuel for the internal combustion engine with other designs.
接下来，我们可以让内燃机使用不同的更清洁的燃料。
17．There are several possibilities being researched at present, such as electric, gas turbine, and “steam” engines.
目前有几种正在研究中，比如电力引擎、燃气轮机、蒸汽机等。
18．However, each of these engine designs has its own disadvantages.
然而，这些引擎的设计自身都有弊端。
19．Last but not the least, we are trying to control the emissions from the internal combustion engine much more strictly.
最后，我们正在尝试更加严格地控制内燃机释放的气体。
20．This, for example, is a catalytic converter, which converts the most dangerous ingredients of the car exhaust into water and harmless gases.
比如，催化式排气净化器，它将汽车废气中最危险的成分转变成水和无害气体。21．These are five possible ways, then, of controlling air pollution caused by cars.
以上是控制轿车空气污染的五个可行的方法。
22．As I’m sure you can see, there are problems with each of these ways; but at least they’re a step in the right direction.
我相信你们都看到了，每一种方法都存在问题，但是至少它们都朝正确的方向跨出了一步。23．Probable the best answer is a synthesis of all five.
也许最佳的答案是对五种方法采取兼收并蓄的态度。
PASSAGE TWO
汉译英：
1．女士们、先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
2．几百年来，中国向全世界传播了其在5,000 年的历史长河中所积累的医疗保健知识。For hundreds of years China has spread across the globe its knowledge of traditional medicine and health care, acquired over 5,000 years of history.
3．今日中国的传统保健方法，如太极拳、气功和按摩等，正日益显示其重要性。
Today the traditional Chinese health preservation methods, such as Taijiquan boxing (or
shadow boxing), static qigong breathing (controlled deep breathing exercise) and therapeutic massage, are gaining increasing importance.
4．中国人认为，太极是天地万物之根源。
We Chinese believe that taiji is the origin of all lives on earth.
5．太极分为阴阳二气，阴阳二气产生木、火、土、金、水者五行。
Taiji comprises y in and yang, two types of vital energy. The five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water derive from yin and yang.
6．五行代表着或作用于人体器官，即火对心，木对肝、土对脾、金对肺，水对肾。
The five elements correspond or affect, particular human organs. That is the element of the fire corresponds to the heart, the wood to the liver, the earth to the spleen and the stomach, the metal to the lung and the water to the kidney.
7．阴阳化合而生万物。
The combination of yin and yang gives birth to all lives on earth.
8．太极则代表了阴阳调和。
Taiji represents the harmonious state of balance between y in and yang.
9．根据《易经》记载，保持身心平衡是健康的要素。
According to ancient classic the Book of Changes, maintaining a balance between the mind and the body is vital for health.
10．中医药典《黄帝内经》开卷第一章提出了心神恬然以保气防病的理论。
The opening chapter of Huang Di’s Canon of Internal Medicine, the encyclopedia of Chinese traditional medicine, introduces the theory of maintaining tranquility to ensure vital energy (which is produced in a spirit form inside the body) and prevent diseases. 11．这一理论已成为当今气功健身研究的基础理论。
This theory has become the theoretical framework for China’s current qigong and health preservation studies.
12．太极拳、气功和按摩这健身三法，就是以《易经》、《黄帝内经》提出的理论为基础的。
The three health preservation methods, namely, shadowboxing, static qigong and therapeutic massage, are based on the theories outlined in the Book of Changes and Huang Di’s Canon of Internal Medicine.
13．长期以来，世界只知道中国有指南针、火药、造纸和活字印刷四大发明。
For a long period, the rest of the world was only aware of China’s four major inventions: the compass, gun-power, papermaking and movable-type printing.
14．几乎很少有人知道中国已发现了经络的存在。
Very few know about China’s discovery of jingluo that exi ts in a human body.
15．经络是指人体内血气运行通路的主干与分支网络，针刺穴位散布其间。
Jingluo is a system of internal main and collateral channels, regarded as a net work of
energy passages, along which acupuncture points are distributed.
16．北京经络研究中心通过现代科学方法，已经证实了经络的存在。
The existence of jingluo has been testified by using scientific methods at the Beijing jingluo research center.
17．经络的发现为《易经》和《黄帝内经》所提出的理论提供了有力的证据。
The discovery of the existence of jinluo provides strong support for the theories advanced in the classics of the Book of C hanges and Huang Di’s Canon of Internal Medicine. 18．今天世界各地学打太极拳、学做气功以及学习按摩的人越来越多。
There is an increasing number of people worldwide learning shadowboxing, static qigong breathing and therapeutic massage.
19．这些健身之法不仅对人体健康有效，而且对心脑健康、性功能健康以及减肥，都有很好的疗效。
These methods are effective not only in preserving physical health, but also in mental health care, sex health care and weight reduction.
PASSAGE THREE
英译汉：
1．The concept of information superhighway has been around for more than a decade, but until 1993 it was merely a technological speculation.
信息高速公路的概念10 年前就被提出过，可是在1993 年前，信息高速公路还只是停留在研究其技术上的可行性这一阶段。
2．Today information superhighway has become an everyday topic and is making its entry into our lives.
今天信息高速公路已经成为了一个日常话题并正逐渐走入我们的生活。
3．Information superhighway is an unprecedented nationwide, or worldwide, electronic communications network that connects everyone to everyone else, and provides just about any sort of electronic communication imaginable.
信息高速公路是一个空前的全国范围的，或者说世界范围的，电子通讯网络，它将人和人之间联系起来，并提供几乎任何一种您所能想象到的电子通讯手段。
4．Hook up your computer to the Internet and you are on your information superhighway. 只需将你的电脑连接到国际互联网，你就会在信息高速公路上驰骋。
5．The purpose of information superhighway is to provide remote electronic banking, schooling, shopping, taxpaying, game playing, v ideo conferencing, movie ordering, medical diagnosing, etc.
信息高速公路旨在提供远程电子服务，如远程电子存款、远程电子教育、远程电子购物、远程电子纳税、远程电子游戏、远程电子可是会议、远程电子租片、远程电子疗诊等等。6．Information superhighway can make many things you wan to do easier and more convenient.
信息高速公路能使您所要做的许多事情变得轻松简便。
7．For example, instead of calling your friends one by one to tell them the party is canceled, you’ll simply send a single e-mail message to everyone at once.
譬如说，您打算取消聚会，您可不必一一打电话通知每个朋友，您只需在电脑上同时给他们发一个电子信函即可。
8．And if you live in a rural area far from a major hospital, telemedicine may allow a specialist in London to diagnose you without you having to travel farther than to your local internist’s clinic.
如果您住在远离大医院的乡村地区，电子诊疗可以让伦敦的专家来诊断您的病情，以免除您远道上大医院的辛劳，之后您只需要去当地医院就诊即可。
9．Information superhighway may also pull together newspaper and magazine articles from around the world on a particular topic of your own interest.
信息高速公路也可以就您所感兴趣的一个论题，在全世界范围内为您收集这类报刊文章。10．If you like to shop with someone who lives in another city, you may call him or her and then do home shopping together for an hour or two.
如果你想和住在另一城市的某个人一起购物，你可以打电话给他或她然后一起进行 1 到2 小时的不出门购物。
11．Whether you like it or not, information superhighway will change the way we live.
无论您的意愿如何，信息高速公路将会改变我们的生活方式。
PASSAGE ONE
英汉双向交互译：
1．The road to Market: A T alk with a Top Chinese Government Official Sipping coconut milk, a relaxed top Chinese government official fielded questions with ease at Zhongnanhai, a government compound in Beijing.
走市场之路：纪与一名中国高层政府官员的一次访谈。在中国政府的所在地北京中南海，一名神情自在的中国高层政府官员一边啜饮着椰子汁，以便轻松而又完满地回答着各种问题。
2．He spoke for two hours with BUSINESS WEEK Managing Editor Mark Morrison, Hong Kong Bureau Chief Joyce Barnathan, and Beijing Correspondent Lynne Curry.
这位官员同《商业周刊》的总编马克·莫里森、香港分社社长乔伊斯·巴纳森以及驻北京记者林恩·柯里畅谈了两个小时。
4．What kind of economy are you trying to build?
中国领导人想构建一种什么样的经济？
5．我们想通过改革采用一种市场经济的运行机制。
What we want to achieve through reform is to adopt the operating mechanism of market economy.
6．所不同的是，你们的经济体制是建筑在私有制的基础上，而我们的市场经济体制则是建筑在公有制的基础上。
The only difference is that your economic system is based on private ownership, while our market economy will still be based public ownership.
7．How are you going about trying to create this new model?
那你们是如何来创建这样一种新的经济模式的呢？
8．我们主要从财政政策、银行制度以及国有企业这三方面进行改革。
Mainly, we will conduct reform in three areas, that is, the fiscal policy, the banking system, and state-owned enterprises.
9．财政改革的目标是调整中央政府与地方政府之间的关系。
The fiscal reform will be aimed at adjusting the relationships between central and local governments.
10．目前我们已经有了一种中央与地方两级政府分收财政税的制度，这种做法同贵国联邦政府和地方政府之间存在的那种财政税收制很相似。
Now we have a new system under which revenue tax is shared between the central and local governments-similar to the system you have between federal and local governments. 11．改革银行制度的目的是建立一个独立的金融体制。
The aim of banking reform is to establish an independent financial system.
12．最后，我们决定要改变国家与企业的关系。
Lastly, we will change the relationship between the state and its enterprises. 13．Won’t you meet strong resistance?
你们没有遇到很大的阻力吗？
14．我们为此作了长期的准备工作。
We have had a long process of preparation.
15．中央和地方两级政府取得了一致的意见，政府和企业也取得了一致的意见。
A consensus was built between central and local governments, and between the government on the one hand and enterprises on the other.
16．我们高兴地看到，全国以及各行业的总的情况是稳定的，没有出现大的问题，从而大大增强了我们的信心。
We are glad to see that the general situation in the country and in all industries has been stable. No big problems have cropped up, and this has greatly boosted our confidence. 17．这些领域的改革必须得到中国人民的理解和支持，为他们所接受。
The reforms must have the Chinese people’s understanding, support and acceptance. 18．这并非易事。
That is by no means easy.
19．In changing the tax system, haven’t you and the provinces had any pretty fierce struggle?
在改革税制中，你们和下面的省份没有遇到任何比较强烈的对抗吗？
20．去年我们对地方政府作了大量的说服工作，这也是事实。
It is true that last year we did a lot of work with provincial governments to convince them. 21．想使一个人顺从地让人们从他的口袋里把钱拿走是不可能的。
It is impossible to take money out of the pockets of another person without that person’s resistance.
22．但是我们并没有采用激励了的做法，事实上我们的做法是稳妥的。
But the measures we introduce are not so drastic. They are actually quite moderate. 23．Right now, your economy is growing by13% a year. What is your target?
目前贵国经济的年增长率为13%，你们的目标定在哪里？
24．我们今年的目标是9%到 10%。
Our target is 9% to 10% for this year.
25．对于我们来说达到7%是不可能的，因为那样会对经济造成破坏。
It is not possible for us to achieve 7% because that would create a disruption to the economy.
26．此外，那样的波动会导致社会不稳定。
In addition, that kind of fluctuation would lead to social instability.
27．您对外国在华的投资成都感到满意吗？
Are you comfortable with the level of foreign investment in China?
28．去年我们看到外国在华的直接投资达到出乎意料的程度，110 亿美元。
Last year we saw an unprecedented level of direct foreign investment in China, some $11 billion worth.
29．这是一个好现象。
It is a good phenomenon.
30． Would a US trade war with China seriously cripple your economy?
美国若与中国打一场贸易战，这会严重削弱贵国经济吗？
31．认为中美贸易战指挥上海中国一方那是不正确的。
It is not correct to think that it would be a terrible thing only for China if that should happen. 32．我们认为首当其冲是美国公众，最大的受害者是美国普通消费者。
We think that it's the American public-the general American consumer-who would suffer the most.
33．因此我真诚地希望中美贸易会继续发展，不要出现大的波动。
Therefore, I sincerely hope that trade relations between China and U.S. will continue to develop and that there will be no large fluctuations.
34．Are you concerned about the prospect of US-Chinese relations?
你如何看待中美关系的前景？
35．中美两国首脑在西雅图和纽约的两次会晤均对推动两国友好关系的发展起到了积极的作用。
The Seattle and New York meeting between Chinese and US Presidents played a positive role in promoting the development of friendly relations between the two countries. 36．双方的高层领导人的互访有所增加。
High level exchanges between the two sides hav e been on the increase.
37．On a personal note, can you tell us how you manage such a vast portfolio of economic policies?
从个人角度出发，您能告诉我们你如何主持处理如此之多的有关经济政策方面的事物的？38．在国务院，我是总理的首席助手。
Within the State Council, I am the chief assistant to the Premier.
39．在党内，我是政治局分管经济工作的常委。
Within the Party, I am a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau responsible for economic work.
40．但在决策时，所有的问题都是在中央和国务院的集体领导下讨论和解决的，没有哪一项决定是由我个人作出的。
But when it comes to making decisions, all the issues have to be subjected to the collective leadership of the Communist Party’s Central Committee and the State Council. No decision has been my personal one.
41．这就是为什么我并不喜欢被别人称为“最高经济权威”的原因。
That’s why I am not that fond of being described as an “economic czar”.
PASSAGE TWO
英汉双向交互译：
1．An interview with a noted Chinese environmental scientist and economist on a series of alarmist articles written by American environmental researcher Lester Brown under the title “Who Will Be Able to Feed China?”
就美国环境研究院莱斯特·布朗以《谁能解决中国的吃饭问题？》为题所写的一系列危言耸听的文章一事，访谈某知名中国环境科学家兼经济学家。
2．Base on his calculation that the total demand for grain consumption in China will rise to 654 million tons by the year 2030 while the country’s production capacity will only be 267 million tons, Mr. Brown came to his prophetical conclusion that a global scarcity of food by the year 2030 will be caused by China’s huge grain deficit of 384 million tons.
按照他的算法在2030 年之前中国对粮食的需求会达到6 亿 5 千 4 百万吨，而那时中国的粮食生产能力仅为2.67 亿吨，布朗先生因而预言，2030 年的世界将因中国在粮食供应方面拿高达3.84 亿吨的巨大缺口，而造成全球性的粮荒。
2．Do you have any comments in this regard?
你对此言论有何看法？
3．我认为他根据人均粮食消费400 公斤而对中国粮食总需求所作出的统计是正确的。
I think his calculation on the total demand for grain in China, which was based on the per-capita grain consumption of 400 kilograms, is correct.
4．这是比较低的水平，却非常符合中国人的饮食习惯。
It is a relatively low level but complies with the dietary traditions of the Chinese people quite well.
5．但是，我又不得不指出，布朗先生那些关于2030 年中国粮食生产总量以及增长率的数字是完全错误的。
But I have to say that Mr. Brown’s figure about China’s total grain production capacity by 2030 as well as its growth rate is by no means accurate.
6．他的数字是根据21 年前，中国粮食生产总量为2.67 亿吨这一情况推算出来的。The figure that Mr. Brown used was derived from that of 21 years ago when China’s total grain production capacity was 26.7 million.
7．那是非常错误的。
That is quite incorrect.
8．仅以1993 年为例，根据 1993 年中国统计年鉴，那年中国的粮食生产已上升至 4.56 亿吨的水平。
T ake the statistics of 1993. According to the Chinese Statistic Almanac of 1993, the country’s grain production increase to 456 million tons that year. 9．Could you then provide us wi th Chinese estimations about the country’s grain production by the year 2030?
你可以提供给我们关于2030 年前中国粮食总产量的估算么？
10．我们研究中心作出的估算到2020 年为止。
The estimation made by our research center is up to year 2020.
11．考虑到周期性生产升降因素，我们的计算是，2000 年中国粮食生产总量为 5 亿至5.2 亿吨，到2020 年可达 7 亿至7.3 亿吨。
T aking into account the cyclical rise and fall of production, our calculations show that the
total grain output of China by the year 2000 will be between 500 and 520 million tons and by the year 2020, between 700 and 730 million tons.
12．我们的这个数字已经超过了布朗10 年后的，即 2030 年的数字。
This figure surpasses that of Brown’s for 10 years later, that is, the year 2030. 13．Based on his calculations, Mr. Brown suggests that China will only be able to achieve a self-sufficiency rate of 41%.
根据布朗的计算，他说中国的粮食自给率只能到达41%。
14．Do you have any comments on this low rate?
你对如此低的自给率有何评论？
15．His percentage figures are erroneous because they are based on incorrect calculations.他的百分比数字是错误的，因为他们是由错误的计算得来的。
16．Our estimation shows that by the year 2020 China will be rely ing on 95 percent of its own grain production to feed the nation, an extremely high rate in the world.
我们的估算表明了2020 年之前中国95%将依赖自己的谷物生产，这在国际上算是一个极高的比率。
17．Despite China’s huge population, its net grain import currently accounts for only about two percent of its total consumption.
尽管中国有庞大的人口，但是目前粮食进口值占了总消费的2%。
18．粮食自给是我国近半个世纪来的一贯政策。
Self-sufficient in grain has been a policy that the country has been following for nearly half a century.
19．基于粮食自给的原则，我们制定了计划生育、环境保护和良田保护这三项基本国策。As such, three essential national programs-family planning, environment protection and the preservation of crop-lands-were based on adhering to this principle.
20．此外，中国是个大国，从成本上来考虑，进口粮食只对沿海地区有利。
In addition, taking account into cost, China is a large country and relying on imported gra in can only be cost-effective for its coastal areas.
21．而偏远地区和内地，因运输成本太高，从未依赖粮食进口。
The hinterland and inland regions have never depended on imported foods due to the high cost of transportation.
22．Could you explain the logic upon which Brown’s scenario about China’s future food problems is based, and why his analysis, which you consider very erroneous, gained quite a number of followers?
你能就布朗对中国未来食品问题的描述基于的逻辑以及你认为非常错误的他的分析赢得相当多的支持的原因解释一下吗？
23．我认为这反映了长期以来西方许多政客对中国所持的悲观态度。
I believe it was derived from the historically pessimistic views about China shared by many politicians in the West.
24．美国前国务卿迪安·艾奇逊在45 年前说过，中国众多的人口对任何一届中国政府来说都是一种无法承受的压力。
Dean Acheson, the former U.S. Secretary of State, said about 45 years ago that China’s huge population was an unbearable pressure for all Chinese governments.
25．他预言，中国唯一的出路在于依赖进口美国面粉。
He predicted that the only way out for China was to depend on American flour.
26．而事实上呢，45 年以后的中国成了世界上最大的产量国，并且基本上解决了国内的粮食问题。
The fact is that 45 years later China has become a top grain producer in the world and basically solved the problem of feeding its own people.
27．统计数字显示，世界上只有两个国家能够承担12 亿人口所需粮食的压力，那就是中国和美国。
The statistic figure shows that only two countries in the world, i.e., China and America, are capable of supporting population of 1.2 billion.
28．然而，明显不同的是，中国仅以美国一半的可耕地生产了同样数量的粮食，并且负担了近乎美国人口四倍的人民的吃饭问题。
The marked difference, however, is that China produces the same amount of grain on only half the size of US crop-land but supports a population nearly four times that of the United States.
TEXT FOR PRACTICE
PASSAGE ONE
英汉双向交互译：
1．An Interview with China’s Vice Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
与中国对外贸易经济合作部副部长的一次访谈。
2．Since 1994 China has adopted a series of significant reform measures in taxation, banking, foreign exchange and foreign trade.
自从1994 年中国对税制、金融、外汇兑换和外贸方面采取了一系列重要的改革措施。3．May I ask what effect these measures have had on foreign trade in this country?
请问这些措施对贵国的对外贸易有什么影响吗？
4．这些措施从五个方面对外贸的发展产生了影响。
They have influenced the development of foreign trade in five different areas.
5．第一，汇率双轨制的取消稳定了人民币的汇率。
First, the elimination of the old dual exchange rate system has stabilized the exchange rate of Renminbi.
6．第二，我们现在强化了对外贸的控管，能够更有序地开展全局性的贸易活动。Second, we now have stronger control over foreign trade, and are ab le to carry out our global business transactions in a more orderly way.
7．第三，加速转变外贸企业管理体制给这些企业注入了新的活力。
Third, speeding up changes in the management system of our foreign trade enterprises has breathed new life and enthusiasm into these enterprises.
8．第四，我们强化了商会这类中介机构的服务与协调功能。
Fourth, we have strengthened the service and coordinating functions of such intermediary organizations.
9．最后，这些改革措施大大推动了我国外贸整体上的健康发展。
And finally, these reforms have been a great boost to a healthy development of our foreign trade in general.
10．去年1 月至8 月我国进出口总额达到了1,378 亿美元的水平，比前年同期增加了24.6%。
Between January and August last year, the total value of China’s import and export reached US$137.8 billion, an increase of 24.6 percent over the same period in the previous year.
11．You and yo ur colleagues proposed the significant new concept of “macroeconomics and trade” for reform in your foreign trade system.
你和你的同事为贵国的外贸体制的改革提出了“宏观经贸” 这个重要的新概念。12．How do you intend to carry out this strategy?
你打算如何将这一观念付诸实践呢？
13．我们目前有以下一些做法：
Right now we are focusing on the following strategies:
14．首先，我们要开阔视野，使我们能更有效率地发展社会主义的市场经济，成为好的经理和政策制定者。
First of all, we want to broaden our own mental horizons so as to be more effective in developing a socialist market economy and to become better managers and policy-makers. 15．其次，我们希望加强外贸体制的改革，是外贸逐渐走向竞争，并使之受到诸如关税、汇率和利率等法律和经济手段的制约。
Second, we hope to strengthen reform in our foreign system in order to gradually open foreign trade to competition and to get it under both legal and economic control, such as tariffs, exchange rates and interest rates.
16．所有这些都应有助于加速中国外贸的国际化进程，为我们宏观经贸局面的出现创造一个较好的环境。
All this should help speed up the internationalization of China’s foreign trade and create a better environment for bringing about our macroeconomics and trade.
17．第三，促进贸易界、制造业、农业、技术产业和银行之间的更为密切的合作，使我们能够为国际市场提供更多、更好的出口产品。
Third, we intend to promote a closer cooperation among the trade community, manufacturing industries, agriculture, technology industries and banks in order to produce more and better export commodities for the international market.
18．第四，我们要确立促进外贸发展的系统战略。
Fourth, we like to establish a systematic strategy of promoting the development of foreign trade.
19．第五，我们要为宏观经贸的运作建立法律制度。
Fifth, we will form a legal system under which our macroeconomics and trade will operate. 20．Looking back on China’s 45 year of socialism, what would you say your greatest achievements have been in economic cooperation and trade with foreign countries?
回顾中国45 年的社会主义历程，您认为贵国在对外经济合作与外贸方面取得的最大成就是什么？
21．我认为我们最好的时期是与对外开放起步的1979 年。
I think our best period began in 1979, when the open policy went into effect.
22．我们的视野开阔了。
Our vision has broaded.
23．我们将注意力集中在发展外贸、引进技术和提供外援方面，我们还开辟了其他一些途径，例如引进外资、外商承包工程、劳务输出服务、对外投资、技术输出、与联合国等国际组织合作等。
Even as we were concentrating on such things as developing foreign trade, importing technology and providing economic aid for foreign countries, we were opening up other areas, such as foreign capital investment, contract engineering from outside, providing
labor services, investment in foreign countries, exporting our own technology, and cooperating with international organizations such as the UN.
24．我们对外经济合作与贸易往来多头并进，产品、资本、技术和劳力紧密结合，相互促进。
Our foreign economic cooperation and trade have been developing in many directions at once, closely combining products, capital, technology and labor, one sector helping to promoter the other.
25．从财政上来看，我们取得了一些令人瞩目的成就。
Financially, we have had some spectacular developments.
26．1950 年中国进出口总值仅为 11 亿美元，而1994 年已超过 2,000 亿美元，比1950 年增长了180 倍，为改革前1978 年 200 亿美元的 10 倍。
In 1950 China’s total import and export value was only US$1.1 billion, however, in 1994 it surpasses US$200 billion, a 180-fold increase over 1950 and ten times the pre-reform figure of US$20 billion in 1978.
27．The whole world seems to be viewing China as a potential global market.
整个世界似乎都把中国看作一个有潜力的全球市场。
28．Do you have any comments on this?
您对此有何看法？
29．处在我们这样的情况，我们自然会成为一个大市场。
Given our situation, we can’t help but be a large market.
30．为了发展我们的经济，提高我国人民的生活水平，我们需要进口先进的外国技术和产品，进口中国稀有的原材料。
To develop our economy and raise the liv ing standards of our people, we need to import advanced foreign technology and products, and raw materials that are rare in China. 31．自从我们对外开放那时起，作为一个市场我们便开始吸引世界的注意。
We began to attract greater world attention as a market when we opened our doors to the world.
32．70 年代后的几年里，与中国有贸易关系的国家和地区不超过100 个，现在已有228 个国家和地区与总国建立的贸易关系，其中有200 个国家和地区直接投资于20 万家中外合资企业。
In the late 1970s, there were no more than 100 countries and regions that had trade relations with China. But now the number has reached to 228 among which 120 have direct investment in more than 200 thousand Sino-Foreign joint ventures.
33．近年来我们努力使中国对外更加开放。
In recent years, we have made efforts to open China even wider.
34．自1991 年以来，我们降低了6,537 项产品的进口关税，取消了进口调节税。Since 1991, we have lowered import taxes on 6.537 products and abolished the import regulatory tax.
35．对进口物品的官方检查和控制也在逐渐减少。国有企业改变了他们的操作方法，在管理和进口方面有了更大的自决权。
Official examination and control of imports have been slowly reduced as well, and state-owned enterprises have changed their methods of operation, gaining broader rights to self-decision in management and imports.
36．所有这些做法有助于提高和加强我们作为一个进口国的能力。
All of these approaches have helped increase and strengthen our powers as an importing nation.
37．这个数字包括建筑和技术改造方面的210 个重点工程所需进口的技术和设备，涉及到农业、能源、机械、运输、邮电、电子、化学、轻工、冶金、纺织等20 多的行业。This will include imported technology and equipment for 210 key projects in construction and technology renovation, and involve more than 20 trades, such as agriculture, energy, machinery, transportation, post and telecommunications, electronics, chemical and light industries, metallurgy and the textile industry.
38．我个人认为，我们的目标完全符合我国的经济发展，因而是切实可行的。Personally, I think our targets are perfectly in the line with the economic development, hence quite realizable.
39．我相信，随着我国外贸因改革而更为开放，外国产品将有越来越多的机会进入中国市场。
I believe there will be more and more opportunities for foreign products to enter Chinese market as the reforms open the country wider to foreign trade.
TEXT
PASSAGE ONE
汉译英：
1．现代化的交通与传播手段使世界变得越来越小，整个国际社会好似一个巨大的世界村。有着不同文化背景的世界村的村民们在文化交流和文化冲撞中和睦相处。
Thanks to the means of modern transportation and communication, the world is getting smaller and smaller. And the whole world community appears to be no more than a large global v illage, where the residents come together with different cultural backgrounds and values. While experiencing the inevitable cultural exchanges as well as cultural clashes, the “villagers” seek to live in harmony.
2．当代社会的任何一个民族，其先进文化不是孤立的现象，而是与其他民族的文化进行广泛交流的产物。
In this modern world, the advanced culture of any nation has never been an isolated phenomenon, but the product of extensive exchanges with other cultures.
3．当然，任何一个民族的文化，其根基与主流必须具有这个民族的鲜明特征。
Of course, the root and the main current of any culture must bear its own distinctive national features.
4．文化交流不是让外国文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富和充实本民族的文化。Culture exchange is by no means a process of losing one’s own culture to a foreign culture, but to enrich a nation’s own cultu re.
5．通过文化交流，不同的文化可以相互学习，相互影响。
Through culture exchange, different cultures can absorb and influence each other.
6．在文化领域里，相互影响是一种非常复杂的现象。
In cultural field, Mutual influence is a very complicated phenomenon.
7．打个比喻，吸取外国文化是一个入口、咀嚼和消化的过程。
Therefore, absorbing foreign culture is metaphorically a process of taking a bite, chewing and ingesting.
8．我们应该采取去伪存真、去粗取精、多出优进、抵御腐蚀的原则。
We should adopt the principle of eliminating the false and retaining the true, discarding the
dross and selecting the essential, exporting more and importing the best, and resisting corruptive influences.
9．我不认为各种文化的不同特点和风格会因此而消失，相反，不同的文化可以取长补短，互为补充。
I don’t believe that such a practice will result in the disappearance of the particular features and styles pertaining to particular cultures. On the contrary, different cultures can learn from each other’s strengths and offset their own weakness and complement one another.
10．事实上，随着中国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，中国人民的视野开阔了，艺术鉴赏力也起了变化。
As a matter of fact, with the development of China’s economy and the im provement of people’s living standards, Chinese people’s horizons have been broadened and their tastes for art also have changed.
11．他们的兴趣变得广泛了。
And they have developed more interests.
12．他们不仅关心中国传统文化艺术和现代文化艺术，而且有了解世界文化发展趋势的愿望，又了解不同艺术风格和流派的愿望。
They are not only concerned about Chinese traditional and modern cultural art, but also eager to know about the trends of cultural development across the planet, to learn about different styles and schools of art.
13．我们在吸取外国文化优秀成果的同时，不能满足于一味模仿的做法。
We should not be content with imitation without creation while absorbing excellent achievements from foreign cultures.
14．沉溺于简单的模仿会使自己失去创作力，无法达到新的艺术高度，无法向世界推出自己的优秀作品。
An obsession with simple imitation will sterilize creation, and as such it will be impossible for us to scale new heights in art and impossible to present to the world excellent works of our own creation.
15．新意是现代风格与传统风格的结合，是外国特色与本民族特色的结合，是艺术性于教育性的结合。
Novelty and originality result from the integration of modern and traditional styles, of the distinctive features of foreign countries and those of our own nation, and of artistry and education.
PASSAGE TWO
英译汉：
1．The Business English Certificate (BEC) test is gaining ever-increasing popularity in China, even surpassing the TOEFL test in some respects.
商务英语证书考试在中国越来越受到人们的欢迎，在有些方面其影响已经超过了托福考试。2．The BEC, an English proficiency test administered throughout the world under the supervision of the Examination Committee of Cambridge University, offers successful parties a language ability certificate accepted in many countries.
商务英语证书，是在英国剑桥大学考试委员会监管下，在全球范围内实施的一种英语水平测试，凡通过考试者都可以得到议长为许多国家认可的英语语言能力证书。
3．Three year ago, Cambridge University contacted China’s State Education Commission
concerning a cooperative effort to establish the BEC in China.
三年前，剑桥大学与中国国家教委一起共同合作在中国建立BEC 测试的适宜。4．Initially, the commission was hesitant about allocating the investment necessary to introduce the unknown entity.
起初，这个委员会对拨款引进这个鲜为人知的测试项目一事上，迟而不绝。5．However, their fears were quickly dispelled when over 5,000 people in 29 cities, including 3,000 people in the Beijing area alone, applied to take the first exam.
但是他们的担忧很快就烟消云散了。29 个城市的5000 多个人申请参加首次测试，仅北京地区的考生究达到3000 人。
6．The BEC exam tests one’s specialized vocabulary needed to draft official business letters, as well as spoken language for telephone communications.
BEC 测试考查人们起草官方商务信件所必需的专业词汇以及电话交谈的口语能力。
7．It focuses on listening, speaking, reading and writing, especially on spoken English and practical business vocabulary.
它注重于听、说、读、写特别是英语口语以及使用的商务词汇。
8．In the wake of introductory exam, a BEC training network has been established in some 10 universities and institutions such as Beijing University, Beijing Normal University and Beijing Foreign Studies University.
第一次考试实施以后，BEC 培训网在北京大学、北京师范大学、北京外国语大学等 10 来所高等院校建立起来。
9．High demand has resulted in the rapid enlargement of the network.
对接受BEC 培训的高需求导致了网络的迅速扩大。
10．At present, some two-thirds of those people involved in training for the exam are either employees of joint ventures, high-tech companies or hotels, and the rest are students.
参加应试培训的学生中约有三分之二属于合资企业、高科技公司或宾馆的职员，其余都是学生。
11．Shanghai International Studies University, for example, has become a major and successful training center for the BEC test in Shanghai.
全国各地越来越多的院校也开办了深受欢迎的BEC 培训班，例如上海外国语大学已经成为上海地区成功主办BEC 测试的一个主要培训中心。
12．China has opened its doors ever wider in recent years.
中国近几年来越来越开放。
13．Business activities and economic exchanges and cooperation in this country are gaining in frequency.
商务活动和经济交流以及合作变得非常频繁。
14．There is a substantial rise in the number of entrepreneurs and financiers flocking to China to establish factories and companies.
蜂拥而入中国开场办公司的企业家和金融家，其人数急剧增长。
15．These companies seek for prospective Chinese employees with adequate certification of their English proficiency.
这些公司需要招募有合格英语能力的中国雇员。
16．As a matter of fact, many institutions and companies such as the Beijing Diplomatic Personnel Service Bureau, Motorola (China) Corp., and NEC of Japan have already accepted the BEC as the criterion for the English level of their applicants, and are currently
offering their employees training in BEC programs.
事实上，许多机构和公司比如北京外交人员服务局、摩托罗拉中国公司和日本电气株式会社，都早已把是否拥有BEC 作为检验救治着英语水平的标准。目前这些机构和公司正在为其雇员们提供补习BEC 的培训机会。
TEXT FOR PRACTICE
PASSAGE ONE
汉译英：
1．18 年前中国开始对外开放，接踵而至的是中国与外国之间在商品、观念和文化方面活跃的交流。
Eighteen years ago China opened its door, and with that opening came a brisk exchange of goods, ideas and cultures between this country and the rest of the world.
2．我们试图了解外界，外界也试图了解我们，出现了人人受益的健康局面。
We tried to know about the outside world and in the meantime, the outside world tried to understand – a healthy situation that was bound to benefit everyone.
3．首先在这项新的开放政策中得益是中国青年知识分子。
The Chinese young intellectuals were among the first group of people who benefited from this new open policy.
4．从1978 年起，中国大批知识分子走出国门，他们之间有公派的、也有自费的。Since 1978, a large number of Chinese intellectuals have gone abroad to study, some at the government’s expense, and others at their own.
5．中国人不断地走向海外，外国人也来到中国工作和学习，于是出现了在文化、经济、科技、方面广为交流的局面。中国人为之受益、世界也同样得益。
When Chinese continue to go overseas, people from other countries are coming here to work and study. The result is a wealth of cultural, economic, scientific and technological exchanges that profit not only China but the rest of the world as well.
6．许多学成回国的中国人在各自领域里走上了领导岗位。
Quite a few Chinese people who returned form abroad at the conclusion of their studies have become the leader in their respective fields in this country.
7．在中国留学的外国人也成了文化使者，他们的努力增进了中国与世界的友谊。
At the same time, foreigners who studied in China have become cultural envoys, and are working hard to promote the friendship between China and rest of the world.
8．无论是过去、现在还是将来，中国欢迎所有外国朋友的支持。
China welcomes the support of all our foreign friends, past, present or future.
9．世界需要人民，人民也需要世界。
The world needs China and we need the world.
PASSAGE TWO
英译汉：
1．Walk around any downtown district in a big city in China and you will likely bump into at least several foreigners, many to find a bargain in a department store or at a street stall.漫步在中国任何一个大城市的市中心，你都可能碰到几个外国人，他们中的许多人想在百货商店或者地摊上猎取廉价商品。
2．You will come across other coming in and out of busy hotels, who might have a Chinese spouse or sweetheart in tow.
你也会遇到另一些进出繁忙酒店的外国人，他们或许又以中国配偶或请人相伴左右。
3．It seems that these people are everywhere.
这些人们似乎到处可见。
4．While many Chinese seek to go abroad, millions of foreigners come to China every year. 许多中国人向往出国，而每年有数以百万计的外国人来到中国。
5．Like many other countries, the Chinese government is selective of those to whom it will grant the right of permanent residence.
和许多其他国家一样，中国政府在给与予外国人永久居留权方面是有选择的。
6．Many would be immigrants often go to a lot of trouble to obtain a Residence Permit, the Chinese version of green card.
许多想成为移民的外国人经常要费一番周折，方可争取到一张勇救居留许可证，即一张中国版本的绿卡。
7．After a long wait, some of them finally get to stay and settle down, while others have to pack up and leave for a new destination.
等待了很长时间之后，一些人最终获得许可和可以定居下来，而有些人只得卷起铺盖，另觅新居。
8．Marring a Chinese is the most common way to get a resident status in China.
与中国人结婚是获得居留权的最常见的方法。
9．This type of marriages have increased year by year all across the country.
这类婚姻每年都有上升趋势。
10．Years ago, when a Chinese married someone from overseas, she or he would often choose to emigrate.
若干年前，中国人找老外的话往往会选择移民到国外。
11．Lately, however, more and more foreigners have chosen to stay here with their Chinese spouses.
然而近年来，越来越多的外国人选择和他们的配偶一起呆在中国。
12．Why would anyone from overseas want to stay in China?
为什么外国人要留在中国呢？
13．The reasons vary.
原因种种，各有不同。
14．Some like the Chinese culture, and some think they can earn money more easily over here, while others want to escape the cruel, breathless rat race in the West.
一些人喜欢中国文化，一些人认为他们在这里可以很容易地挣到更多的钱，而另一些人是为了逃避西方社会那种残酷而又令人无法喘息的激烈竞争。
15．One Japanese gentleman married a Chinese woman and didn’t find himself wanting to return to Japan.
一个日本男士娶了位中国女士,在也不想回日本了。
16．Although he could have an enjoyable life with well-off liv ing conditions in his homeland, with a cozy apartment and even a nicer bank account, the sheer effort to simply get that far had taken its toll and besides, he had had enough of office politics and could no longer tolerate his back stabbing co-workers.
虽然这名日本人在自己的国家又由于的生活条件、温暖的寓所和客观的银行存折，然而，他为获得这一切以付出了沉重的代价。同时，他已经受够了公司内部斗争并且不愿意在忍受同事之间的那种明争暗斗、互相倾轧的人际关系。
17．It was in Beijing that he finally found himself a comfortable and easy life, the kind of life
that he had been longing for.
正是在北京他最终为自己找到了舒适简单的生活，也是他梦寐以求的那种生活。
TEXT
PASSAGE ONE
英译汉：
1．Honorable Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:
尊敬的主席先生，女士们先生们：
2．The world today asks for global cooperation to fight a common war against poverty. 当今世界需要全球合作，共同向贫穷宣战。
3．The recent convening of the United Nations World Summit for Social Development in Copenhagen bore witness to need for the world community to pool their efforts to fight poverty.
最近在哥本哈根召开的联合国社会发展世界首脑会议，已经认识到国际社会携手起来迎战贫穷的必要性。
4．Poverty remains a major challenge facing the world today.
贫穷是当今世界面临的一个主要问题。
5．United Nations stat istics show that 20 percent of the world’s population currently live below the poverty line.
联合国统计数字表明20%的世界人口目前仍生活在贫困线以下。
6．In the past half century, many developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America have achieved remarkable successes in their economic and social development, especially some newly industrialized nations arising in Asia and Latin America.
在上半个世纪，亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的许多发展中国家在经济和社会发展取得了显著的成就，尤其是一些亚洲和拉丁美洲新兴的工业化国家的出现。
7．Developing countries as a whole have reduced their economic disparity aga inst the developed ones, but the gap between the rich and the poor as well as between the extremes of wealth and poverty in some developing countries have not fundamentally improved.
发展中国家总体上缩小了与发达国家的经济差距，但是各国贫富之间差距及发展中国家内部的贫富两极分化的问题还没有从根本上解决。
8．Last year, the per capita of GNP developed countries was US$16,610, whereas that of developing countries was only US$950, of 5.7 percent of the former.
去年，发达国家的人均国民生产总值达到16,610 美元，然而发展中国家的人均国民生产总值只有950 美元，相当于前者的5.7%。
9．Specifically, the per capita GDP of Switzerland reached US$36,410, the highest level in the world, whereas the per capita GNP of Mozambique, the poorest country, was only US$80.
特别的突出的是瑞士的人均国民生产总值达到36,410 美元，居世界之首，而世界上最穷的国家莫桑比克，其人均国民生产总值仅为80 美元。
10．Twenty years ago the United Nations defined 25 least developed countries, and that number has increased to 48 today.
20 年以前联合国确定的最不发达国家的数目是25 个，而今这个数字已经达到 48 个。11．A recent survey by the UN International Fund for Agricultural Development shows that in 114 developing countries, 1 billion people among the total 4 billion population live below
the poverty line,40 percent more than what was reported in a similar survey conducted 40 years ago.
最近联合国农业发展国际基金组织调查显示在114 个发展中国家里40 亿人口中，有10 亿生活在贫困线以下，比40 年前的一项类似调查所提供的数字多了40%。12．Major reasons for the sustained poverty in some African and South Asian countries involve the backward economic infrastructure, frequent natural disasters, too rapid population growth, heavy debt burden, political turbulence and the chaos caused by war.落后的经济基础设施，频繁的自然灾害，快速的人口增长，繁重的债务负担，政治上的动荡不安，以及战争造成的混乱局面是一些非洲和南亚持续贫困的主要原因。13．Poverty, to a lesser extent, is also found in Western countries, such as the phenomena of a widening gap between the rich and the poor, an increase in the number of people liv ing below the poverty line and serious unemployment.
贫穷也出现在西方国家，只是程度没有发展中国家那么严重。比如贫富之间差距扩大的现象，生活着贫困线以下人民数量的增长和严重的失业问题。
14．Relative poverty is an officially recognized phenomenon in Western countries.
相对贫困是西方国家官方承认的现象。
15．For example, a recent report issued by the Food and Nutrition Service under the US Department of Agriculture reveals that more than 27 million Americans, or 10 percent of the US population, rely on food stamps provided by the government.
比如，美国农业部属下的食品与营养局最近发表的一项报告显示超过占美国人口10%的2 千7 百万的美国人，依靠政府提供的食物券度日。
16．Entering the 1990’s, with the end of the Cold War, all people hope to stop turbulence and, furthermore, to develop their economics and improve their liv ing standards.
进入90 年代以后，随着冷战的结束，所有的人民都希望结束动荡不安的局面，发展他们的经济和提高他们的生活水平。
17．Peace and development have become two major topics in today’s world.
和平和发展成为当今世界的两大主题。
18．As the economics internationalize, an international coordinating mechanism mediating among developed countries has been set up; economic cooperation between developing and developed countries has also been enhanced; and the United Nations, the World Bank and other global organizations have played a positive role in coordinating international economic order and in helping poor countries make economic and technological progress.随着经济的国际化，在发达国家之间起着中介作用国际协调机构的建立起来，发展中国家和发到国家之间的经济合作在得到增强，联合国、世界银行和其他全球性组织在协调国际经济秩序和帮助贫困国家取得经济技术进步方面起到了积极的作用。19．Apparently, it has become the common desire and general trend for all peoples in the world to win peace and development while removing turbulence and poverty.
显然，赢得和平和发展同时消除动荡不安的局面和贫困成为各国人民共同的愿望和普遍趋势。
20．Let us work together to make tomorrow a better day for all of us.
让我们为创造一个更好的明天而共同努力。
21．Thank you, Mr. Chairman!
谢谢主席先生！
PASSAGE TWO
汉译英：
1．女士们，先生们：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
2．新年来临了，我们向着充满希望的21 世纪又迈进了一步。
The new year is around the corner, bringing us a step closer to the promising 21st century. 3．我谨向各位来宾，致以节日的问候，并祝各位，新年身体健康，万事如
意！
I would like to extend my New Year’s greetings to all my guests and wish every one good health and all the best in the new year.
4．维护世界和平，促进共同繁荣仍然是今天全世界人民面临的最重要的任
务。
Safeguarding world peace, promoting mutual prosperity is still the most important task facing all people today across the planet.
5．中国同许多国家一样，仍将继续为此做出努力。
China, like many other nations, will continue to work towards these ends.
6．我们很高兴地看到，在中国所有的边界线上，昔日的沉默和相互间的猜忌已被融洽的气氛和繁荣的景象所取代。
All along China’s frontiers, the hostile silence and suspicion of the past have given way to harmony and prosperity.
7．边界贸易虽然只占我国贸易总额的一小部分，但却清楚地表明中国的改革与开放已从沿海省份深入到中国的内地。
While representing only a small part of China’s total foreign trade volume, the rapid development of border trade has clearly shown that the practice of reforming and opening to the outside world is spreading in China from the coastal provinces further into the country’s interior.
8．中国的领导人决定开放更多的地区，建立新的贸易口岸，使我们的邻国更加便于同中国进行商品贸易和服务交流。
The leaders in Beijing have decided to open many formerly closed areas to the world, establish new trading ports and make it easier for China’s neighbors to exchange goods and services.
9．古代的丝绸之路正在重现昔日的繁荣景象，并已成为中外经济合作的新桥梁。
The ancient Silk Road is now regaining its former prosperity and has become a new bridge for economic cooperation with other nations.
10．由于合作只有在平等互利的基础上才会有效，因此新的开放不仅会改善中国边界的状况，而且也会给其他国家带来巨大的好处。
Since cooperation can work only on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, this new opening will not only help improve the situation on China’s frontiers but benefit tremendously many other countries as well.
11．发展边界贸易只是中国在奉行和平与共同繁荣政策中所取得的一个小成果。
The development of border trade is but one minor success in China’s policies of peace and common prosperity.
12．发展友好关系，成为其他亚洲国家和世界各国的友邦，历来是中国外交政策中不可分割的一部分。
It has always been an integral part of China’s foreign policy to develop friendly ties, be a
民事判决书翻译常用词汇归纳 泛瑞翻译 （1）管辖（权）：jurisdiction 领事裁判权: consular jurisdiction. （准）对人管辖权: （quasic）jurisdiction in personal （准）对物管辖权：（quasic）jurisdiction in rem 属人管辖权：personal jurisdiction 属地管辖权：territorial jurisdiction . 由于各国对管辖权规定的不同，便很容易引起Selection of court 选择法庭的现象。（2）回避：withdrawal （3）当事人：party （4）诉讼代理人：agents ad litem （5）证据：evidence 举证责任—-证明责任burden of proof 取证evidence-finding 举证责任倒置Burden of proof in reverse 书证documentary evidence 物证material evidence （6）视听资料：audio-visual material （7）证人证言：testimony of witnesses
（8）当事人陈述：statements of the parties （9）鉴定结论：expert conclusions （10）勘验笔录：records of inspection （11）诉讼时效：Limitation of action （12）期间：time periods （13）送达：service （14）调解：conciliation （15）财产保全；property preservation （16）先予执行：advance execution （17）强制措施：compulsory measures specific performance 特定履行，强制执行（18）诉讼费用：litigation costs/fees （19）执行措施：execution measures
英语句子翻译大全 导读：本文是关于英语句子翻译大全的文章，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享！ 01、I never stopped loving you，I just stopped showing it。 我对你的爱从来没有停止，只是我不再让别人知道而已。 02、Standing in a corner of the world，watching the sunrise and sunset。 站在世界某一个角落，看着日出日落。 03、Waiting is painful。Forgetting is painful。But not knowing which to do is the worse kind of suffering。 等待是一种痛，忘掉也是一种痛，但不知道该怎么办，是一种更折磨人的痛。 04、That formerly how to pick，time flies straight forward。 那段从前怎么去捡，光阴似箭一直向前。 05、Are you turn a walk，do not see my sad。Am I too wayward，regardless of your feelings。 是你转头就走，没看见我的难过。是我太任性，不顾你的感受。 06、Start everyday with a new hope，leave bad memories behind & have faith for a better tomorrow。 用新的希望开启每一天，释放掉不好的回忆，相信明天会更
好。 07、Who’s who of the hook，and who is who of redemption。 谁是谁的劫，谁又是谁的救赎。 08、They say after losing only treasure，in fact，after losing most painful treasure。 她们都说失去以后才懂得珍惜，其实珍惜后的失去最痛。 09、Love warms more than a thousand fires。 爱情的炽热胜过千万团的火。 10、It is good if you begin crying，that is the sign of cure。 能够哭就好，哭是开始痊愈的象征！ 11、Life is too short for us to wake up in the morning with regrets。 人生苦短，所以每天不要带着遗憾醒来。 12、Because of loving you so much that I stood aside。Although myfigure left you away，my heart didn’t。Today I have made up my mind to say “I love you。” 正是因为爱才悄悄的躲开，躲开的是身影，躲不开的是默默的情怀；今天我终于鼓起勇气，向你表达我的爱。 13、As long as people do not lose their direction，they will not lose themselves。 人只要不失去方向，就不会失去自己。
一、组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇 Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图 Conveyer流水线物料板 Rivet table拉钉机 Rivet gun拉钉枪 Screw driver起子 Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌 OOBA开箱检查 fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet栈板 barcode条码 barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 fuse machine热熔机 repair修理 operator作业员 QC品管 supervisor 课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技 cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 EMI gasket导电条 front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis 基座 bezel panel面板 power button电源按键 reset button重置键 Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 V oltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键 sheet metal parts 冲件 plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序 material check list物料检查表 work cell工作间 trolley台车 carton纸箱 sub-line支线 left fork叉车QC Section品管科 stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂 common equipment常用设备 uncoiler and straightener整平机 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手 hydraulic machine油压机 lathe车床 planer |'plein |刨床 miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller??床 linear cutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机 staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长 general manager总经理 special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长 deputy manager | =vice manager副理 section supervisor课长 deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长 group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 assistant manager助理 to move, to carry, to handle搬运 be put in storage入库 pack packing包装 to apply oil擦油 to file burr 锉毛刺 final inspection终检 to connect material接料 to reverse material 翻料 wet station沾湿台 Tiana天那水 cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料 to unload material卸料 to return material/stock to退料 scraped |'skr?pid|报废 scrape ..v.刮;削 deficient purchase来料不良 manufacture procedure制程 deficient manufacturing procedure制程 不良 oxidation |' ksi'dei n|氧化 scratch刮伤 dents压痕 defective upsiding down抽芽不良 defective to staking铆合不良 embedded lump镶块 feeding is not in place送料不到位 stamping-missing漏冲 production capacity生产力 education and training教育与训练 proposal improvement提案改善 spare parts=buffer备件 forklift叉车 trailer=long vehicle拖板车 compound die合模 die locker锁模器 pressure plate=plate pinch压板 bolt螺栓 name of a department部门名称 administration/general affairs dept总务 部 automatic screwdriver电动启子 thickness gauge厚薄规 gauge(or jig)治具 power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器 defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单 screwdriver holder起子插座 pedal踩踏板 stopper阻挡器 flow board流水板 hydraulic handjack油压板车 forklift叉车 pallet栈板 glove(s)手套 glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套 thumb大拇指 forefinger食指 midfinger中指 ring finger无名指 little finger小指 band-aid创可贴 iudustrial alcohol工业酒精 alcohol container沾湿台 head of screwdriver起子头 sweeper扫把 mop拖把 vaccum cleaner吸尘器 rag 抹布 garbage container灰箕
六级翻译词汇经济篇： 宏观经济macro economy 社会主义市场经济socialist market economy 知识经济knowledge economy 网络经济Internet-based economy 经济规律law of economy 大规模生产mass production 生产力productive forces 生产关系relations of production 公有制public ownership 私有制private ownership 国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 私营企业private business 民营企业privately-run business 中小企业small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 连锁企业franchise / chain business 国民生产总值Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
实际增长率growth rate in real terms 年均增长率average growth rate per annum 可持续增长sustainable growth 经济效益economic returns 投资回报率rate of return on investment 衰退recession 宏观调控macro control 提高经济效益enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构optimize economic structure 扩大内需expand domestic demand 国计民生national interest and people’s livelihood 经济特区special economic zones “十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development 风险投资venture investment 经济繁荣economic boom
广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚，深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment
顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一，信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良，疗效显著，誉满全球，欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods
巧用高考真题写作素材提高高考英语书面表达之单句翻译练习 针对部分同学表达能力差的问题，本翻译练习有助于基础差的学 生提高词汇和地道的英文表达能力。请同学们认真翻译句子，不要直译，并标出各个句子的谓语动词，减少中式表达！认真体会高级用法！有易到难，可以先练习完成句子，积累到一定程度再练习单句翻译， 学会仿写。 完成句子 1．如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。 Find ways to praise your children often，and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you. 2．直到跟两个学生交谈之后我才发现，有强烈的动机是达到目标的最重要的因 素之一。(2015·湖南) Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 3．生长在格拉斯哥最贫困的地区，他成为一名足球明星的道路漫长而艰难。(2015·重庆) Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star. 4．发现这门课程很难，她决定转向难度更低的课程。 Finding the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level. 5．在高峰时刻开车很累。 Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.
大学英语六级翻译常用词汇：经济类 中国经济 总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply 企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 跨国公司 cross-national corporation 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry 制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国历史与文化 京剧Peking opera 秦腔Qin opera 功夫Kungfo 太极Tai Chi 口技ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show 皮影戏shadowplay 折子戏opera highlights 杂技acrobatics 相声witty dialogue comedy 刺绣embroidery 苏绣Suzhou embroidery 泥人clay figure 书法calligraphy 中国画traditional Chinese painting 水墨画Chinese brush painting 中国结Chinese knot 中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass 青铜器bronze ware 瓷器porcelain; china 唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing 武术martial arts 儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化Confucian culture 道教Taoism 墨家Mohism 法家Legalism 佛教Buddhism 孔子Confucius 孟子Mencius 老子Lao Tzu 庄子Chuang Tzu 墨子Mo Tzu 孙子Sun Tzu 象形文字pictographic characters 文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 《大学》The Great Learning
1.这种方法的问题在于无法大规模地实践。不幸的是，在我们的地球上高尚的野蛮人和未被破坏的风景已越来越少；除了两极地区以外，已经没有开发的土地了。少数富有的乡绅还可以逃避现实去过田园生活——但总的来说迁徙的潮流是反向流动的。The trouble with this solution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale. Our planet,unfortunately , is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes ; except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life--but in general the steam of migration is flowing the other way. 2.在接下来的争斗中，他们越来越可怜、毫无办法和精疲力竭，而他却因对我的害怕而反抗疯狂到了惊人的程度。In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me . 3.在荷兰，安乐死已经被其医疗机构所接受，而且每年公开实行几千例。In Holland , mercy-killing is accepted by the medical establishment and openly practised a few thousand times each year . 4.如果我说做个黑人比做个妇女更糟糕，也许没有人对我的话提出质疑。为什么呢？因为众所周知，在美国存在着对黑人的歧视。而在美国存在着对妇女的歧视这一看法对于几乎所有的男人————恐怕还有大多数女人来说——仍然是不可思议的。If I said that being black is a greater handicap than being a woman , probably no one would question me . Why ? Because "we all know" there is a prejudice against black people in America. That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still strikes nearly all men--and, I am afraid, most women--as bizarre. 5.得知自己是那么令人讨厌的，他怀着一颗破碎的心匆匆赶回家里。When she got to know that she was despised, she hurried home heartbroken. 6.我从来没有问过为什么她单单关注我，也从没有想过或许是妈妈请她开导我一下。我只关心她曾为我做点心吃，为我朗读过她心爱的书。I didn't question why she had singled me out for attention, nor did it occur to me that Mama might have asked her to give me a little talking to . All I cared about was that she had made tea cookies for me and read to me from her favorite book. 7.如果能够集中精力做事情，即使最笨的人也能取得让人称羡的成绩。If the least gifted person will concentrate on things,he or she can make achievements that seem miraculous to people. 8.她告诉我对无知绝不能宽容，但应理解未受过教育的人。She said that I must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding illiteracy. 9.她觉得自己能够十分在行地不动声色地听别人的谈话，十分在行地利用别人在她周围谈话的时机短暂地介入别人的生活。She had become really quite expert, she thought, at listening as though she didn't listen, at sitting in other people's lives just for a minute while they talked round her. 10.当这个富有的国家里没有孩子饿着肚子上床睡觉时，我也许会回去教书。When there are no children going to bed hungry in this rich nation, I may be ready to go back to teaching. 11.这个孩子脸上没有任何表情，用冷默的目光死死盯着我，像要把我吃掉似的。The child was fairly eating me up with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression on her face whatever.
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
英语新词汇与常用词汇的翻译-N篇 2010年9月 N.Y. 纽约 nab 逮捕 nabe 电影院 nabi 伊斯兰教先知 nabob 印度长官 nabobery 财主去处 nabobess 女财主 nabobism 巨富 Naboth 拿伯 Naboth's vineyard 为别人所垂涎之物 nabs 家伙 nacarat 桔红色 nacelle 引擎机舱 nacre 珠母贝 nacred 真珠质的 nacreous 真珠质的 Naderism 纳德运动 nadir 最低点 nae 不的 naevi 痣 naevus 痔 nag at 唠叨 nag 敦促 nag 老马 nagana 那加那病 nagger 爱唠叨 nagging 唠叨的 naggish 爱唠叨的 nagual 守护神 Nahum 那鸿 naiad 水中仙女 naif 像孩子的 nail a lie to the counter 拆穿西洋镜 nail clippers 指甲钳 nail down to 束缚 nail down 用钉钉住 nail file 指甲锉 nail one's colors to the mast 明确且坚持自己的要求 nail polish 指甲油 nail puller 起钉钳 nail scissors 修甲小剪刀 nail up 钉牢
nail 指甲 nail-biting 束手无策 nail-clippers 指甲刀nailbrush 指甲刷 nailer 敲打工人 nailery 制钉工厂nailhead 钉头 nailhole 钉眼 nailing 敲钉的 nailless 没有指甲的naillike 像指甲的 nailsick 不结实的nainsook 薄棉织物 naira 奈拉 Nairobi 奈洛比naissance 诞生 naive 天真的 naively 天真烂漫地naivete 纯真 naivety 天真烂漫 naked call 无担保承购期权naked eye 肉眼 naked 裸体的 nakedize 成为裸体nakedly 赤裸裸nakedness 裸 naker 定音鼓 Nakhodka 不冻港 naled 二溴磷 namable 可定名的namaste 合十礼namaycush 湖红点鲑namby-pamby 感伤的name after 按...命名name brand 名牌 name it 讲出来 name plate 名牌 name sb for 把...命名为name 名字 name-calling 骂人 name-child 起名 name-drop 抬高身价name-dropping 提高身份nameable 可命名的
3. 句子翻译 Directions: In this part, you will translate the following English sentences into Chinese. 1.Although the USA has only 5% of the world’s population, it is the largest consumer of energy by far, consuming 26%. This is not so surprising as it is the world’s largest industrialized economy. Indeed, 28% of the USA’s energy is consumed by transportation and nearly all this transport uses oil for fuel. 2.As the birth rate decreases and life expectancy increases, there will be shortages in the job market. Consequently, a lot of ex-employees who thought they had finished their careers at 60 will be called back to work. 3.As you can see sales rose rapidly over the first months leading up to the summer holiday period reaching a peak of nearly $30 million in July. It was in fact because we are due to launch our new editions in January and we wanted to clear out the old stock. 4.At that point, we decided to clear out our stock and started offering reductions in the retail price of bikes of up to 40%. The strategy worked amazingly well and resulted in a dramatic increase in sales, even though our margins fell. 5.Business are often too quick to embrace new technology in order to save money or gain a competitive advantage. But applying the same solution to all types of business is never a good idea. There are cultural factors. 6.Fundamental to the issue of motivation is the distinction between employee loyalty to the company and employee commitment. Employees feel loyal when they feel comfortable and well looked after: job security, reasonable conditions of pay, generous holiday entitlement, medical insurance and a good pension. 7.Process culture applies to companies which have strict power structures and strict job roles, such as insurance companies, banks and public services. Strategy and direction seem to take second place to organization and so they are often associated with bureaucracy. 8.The ABC Company is in a very healthy position. Apart from having a strong balance sheet, it has a very positive cash flow, which enables it to earn extra interest at the bank and to keep financing investment. 9.The fixed assets of a company are its buildings and equipment. As an investor you should pay particular attention to two kinds of current asset ―the stock and the accounts receivable. If the amount of stock is growing fast, then it could be that stock isn’t moving. If the accounts receivable figure is large, then the debtors aren’t paying their bills quickly enough. 10.To make good investment decisions, you need to understand the business you’re investing in. Knowing when to buy and when to sell depends not only on understanding the market in general but also the financial health of the company.