教学过程
一、课堂导入
教师给出例句并让学生找出句中的名词。English is useful.
Children are playing happily.
She learns Chinese hard every day. Tom is my good friend.
They chose the boy monitor.
导入名词的定义：
名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。
二、复习预习
1、教师引导学生复习上节课我爱记单词中的重点单词及识记技巧，并采用提问的方式将上节课的重难点进行复习和巩固记忆；
2、针对上节课的作业进行订正、讲评、答疑，将集中出错的地方进行分析和进一步讲解。
三、知识讲解
考点 1：名词分类，可数名词与不可数名词
1．名词的种类
名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。它分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。普通名词分为可数名词分为个体名词和集体名词；不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。
例如：
可数名词： a.个体名词 man , woman , desk , pencil
b.集体名词 class , family , police , army
不可数名词： a.物质名词 meat , rice , cotton , iron
b.抽象名词 life ,help, happiness , sadness
2．可数名词的数
1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：
2. 不规则名词复数
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
不可数名词的认知
A、各种物质的统称：bread面包，beer啤酒，cloth布，
coffee咖啡 cream奶油 gold黄金
B、抽象名词： advice忠告，beauty美丽， death死亡，
experience经验， help帮助，hope希望，
information消息／信息，knowledge知识 work工作
C、有些名词既可以是可数名词也是不可数名词：
如：experience指某人的经历时是可数名词，指“经验”时不可数。
He had an exciting experience last week．上星期他有一次激动人心的经
历。
work指职业／就业／工作时是不可数名词：
He is looking for work／a job．他在找一份工作。
works（通常用复数形式）指文学或音乐作品：
Shakespeare’s complete works莎士比亚全集
不可数名词的数量表达法
1.不可数名词没有单复数之分，前面不能直接加a/an，词尾不能加s或es变
复数。
如: I like to skate on an ice. (×)
I like to skate on the ice. (√)我喜欢在冰上溜滑。
2.不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位词。
如: three cups of tea三杯茶 a bowl of rice一碗米饭
A bar of chocolate一大块巧克力
3.some, any, no, a little, much, a lot of等词往往可以加在不可数名词
的前面,修饰不可数名词。
如: I don’t want any help. 我不需要任何帮助。
There’s some milk in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。
考点2：名词的所有格
名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
1．’s所有格的构成
2．’s所有格的用法
3. of 所有格的用法
物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which 等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。公式为：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。例如：a friend of mine, each brother of his.
考点3 代词的分类，人称代词和物主代词和反身代词
1.
人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表。人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语 ，宾格一般用在动词、介词之后。
He teaches ______(we) Chinese . 2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:
单数:二,三,一 （You, she/ he and I ） 复数:
一,二,三 (we , you and they )
注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先, (即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) She and I have been to Beijing. Who broke the window? I and Mike.
要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意，听儿歌上句，接儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。注：it 还有一些特别的用法。 1）用作形式主语,常用于 “It’s +adj. +to do sth.”句型中. 2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.
3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中. 4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中. 5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj. +that 从句”中. 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make/ think /feel/find + it + adj. (名词)+ to do sth.
2. 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，其人物和数的变化见下表。
1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。
2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。
Our classroom is as big as ______(they) .
This is a friend of ______(my).
注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.
（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）
2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.
My own house = a house of my own
（反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f 替.）
反身代词的常用搭配:
enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by oneself
all by oneself help oneself to … l ook after oneself
leave sb. by oneself say to oneself for oneself
dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror
考点4：it的用法
（1）指代前面提过的事物
The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jessie.
(2) 代替指示代词this或that。
----What’s that? ----It is a pen.
(3) 指代婴儿或不明身份的人
Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is.
(4) 指代时间或季节
It is ten o’clock.
(5) 指代天气
---What’s the weather like today? ----It is sunny.
(6) 指代距离
How far is it from your school to your home?
(7) 常用于以下句型：
①It is + adj.+(for sb) to do sth.
It is important for us to work hard.
②It’s time to do /for/that...
It’s time to get up/for lunch/that we went home.
③ It seems that...
It seems that you are right.
④It’s one’s turn to do...
It’s your tur n to sing.
⑤It’s + adj. +that ...
It’s natural that they should have different views.
(8) 作形式宾语
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in time?
(9) 引导强调句型：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他
家庭是幼儿语言活动的重要环境，为了与家长配合做好幼儿阅读训练工作，孩子
一入园就召开家长会，给家长提出早期抓好幼儿阅读的要求。我把幼儿在园里的阅读活动及阅读情况及时传递给家长，要求孩子回家向家长朗诵儿歌，表演故事。我和家长共同配合，一道训练，幼儿的阅读能力提高很快。 It is he who goes to school by bike every day.
要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意，听儿歌上句，接儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。考点5：普通不定代词及复合不定代词
语文课本中的文章都是精选的比较优秀的文章,还有不少名家名篇。如果有选择循序渐进地让学生背诵一些优秀篇目、精彩段落,对提高学生的水平会大有裨益。现在,不少语文教师在分析课文时,把文章解体的支离破碎,总在文章的技巧方面下功夫。结果教师费劲,学生头疼。分析完之后,学生收效甚微,没过几天便忘的一干二净。造成这种事倍功半的尴尬局面的关键就是对文章读的不熟。常言道“书读百遍,其义自见”,如果有目的、有计划地引导学生反复阅读课文,或细读、默读、跳读,或听读、范读、轮读、分角色朗读,学生便可以在读中自然领悟文章的思想内容和写作技巧,可以在读中自然加强语感,增强语言的感受力。久而久之,这种思想内容、写作技巧和语感就会自然渗透到学生的语言意识之中,就会在写作中自觉不自觉地加以运用、创造和发展。1 初中阶段普通不定代词
（1）some/any
相同点：some/any 均表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可
数名词
不同点：some 一般用于肯定句，any 用疑问句，否定句和条件句。 但在疑问句中当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议用some There aren’t any students in the classroom. Look! Some boys are playing football. Would you like some tea?
注意：something, anything 等词的用法基本和some ，any 用法一致。 (2) many/much
How many bottles of water do you need? I don ’t have much money.
(3) both/all/either/any/neither/none
注意：
①both...a nd...两者都
Both his father and his mother are teacher.
neither...nor...两者都不
Neither his father nor his mother is teacher.
either...or..或...或..., 要么...要么... Either he or his brother goes to London.
②either/neither of + 名词（代词）的复数 + 谓语动词（第三人称单数）
Neither of the books is good.
③either...or.../neither...nor...连接两个主语时，采取就近原则。 Neither you nor he is wrong. （4）little/a little/few/a few
ould you please buy some salt for me?
---There is little left.
I recognized a few of other people.
3 复合不定代词
初中阶段复合不定代词
He has something important to tell you.
Can you find anyone else?
考点6：几组易混的代词区分
1．other/the other/others/the others/another
one… the other只有两个
one… another，another…
some… others，others…
others = other people/things
the others = the rest剩余的全部
1）泛指另一个用another。
2）一定范围内两人（物），一个用one，另一个用the other。
3）一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one （another），第三个可用the other，a third。
4）一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。
5）泛指别的人或物时，用others当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时，也用others。
①I don’t like this shirt. Would you lik e to show me _____ one.
②Looking at the student. Some are cleaning the windows, ________are
sweeping the floor.
③There are two bags. One is red,______ is blue.
2 it/one/that代替代词的区别
it同物，one同类不同物，that避免重复。（it指上文提到的同一个人或物，不带修饰语； that特指与前边出现的名词，表示同类，但不是同一个； one泛指前面提到的名词的同类中的任何一个，表特指时用the one。）
The book is mine. It’s very interesting.
---Who has a pen?---I have one.
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. This book is a good one. May I borrow it? （One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物.）
I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.（不定）我找不到我的帽子了。
我想我该去买一顶。
The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.（同类但不同个）你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。
I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.（同一物）我找不到
我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。
3. both, either, neither, all, any, none
这些词都可用作代词或形容词。其位置都在be 动词之后，行为动词之前或第一个助动词之后。
1） both （两者都），either（两者中任何一个），neither （两者都不）。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。例如：
Neither of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都不聪明。
2） both，either
both与复数连用，either与单数连用。例如：
Both the boys are clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
Either of the two boys is clever.
There are flowers on both sides of the street. 路边长满了野花。
There are flowers on either side of the street.
3） all （所有的，全部的人或物），any （任何一个）， none （都不）。以上词使用范围为三者以上。例如：
All the flowers are gone.所有的花都谢了。
I don't like any of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。
I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。
注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。例如：
All of the students are there. 所有的学生都在那。
All （of） the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那。
4. 区分指示代词this，that，these, those
近指: this these 远指: that those
用法:
1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数
名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.
The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .
The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop.
A. this
B. that
C. one
D. those
2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而
this代替下面提到的句子.
He had a bad cold. That is why he didn’t come.
3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方.
This is Tom speaking. Who is that?
5. 疑问代词
四、例题精析
【例题1】
---The milk shake tastes good. How do you make it?
--- It’s easy; just follow the .
A.discussions
B. instructions
C. introductions
D. suggestions
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。根据句意：---这个奶昔味道不错，你是怎么做的？---很简单。只要按照说明就好了。Instructions意为“说明”，故选B。
【例题2】
Your is very helpful. I guess I will take it.
A.secret
B. advice
C. promise
D. purpose
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。据选句意：你的建议很有帮助，我猜我会采用的。advice意为“建议”，故选B。
【例题3】
The workers will complete the new bridge in .
A . two and a half months B. two months and half
C . two and a half month D. two month and a half
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查名词复数表达。两个半月的表达方式为two and a half months，或two months and a half，故选A。
【例题4】The man who is the best member in our company. So our boss gives him extra ___.
A. moneys
B. tools
C. bonus
D. pays
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查名词辨析和单复数变化。题意：在我们公司中，他是我们中最
好的。因此，老板给了他额外的____。由题意中的“best member”可知为奖励。故答案选C. AD表示错误，该两项为不可数名词；B与题意不符。
【例题5】—This summer holiday is coming. We will decide to go to The Great Wall to see ___.
—That is an exciting plan! I can’t wait to go there.
A. animals
B. places
C. scenes
D. tourist spots
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。由题干中的“We will decide to go to The Grea t Wall to see”可知此处指“风景”更为恰当，故答案选C. ABD项较题目意思较为偏远。
【答案】B
【例题6】
Jessica used to be a manager at a big company, but she gave up job when she became a mother.
A.she
B. hers
C. her
D. herself
【答案】C
【解析】考察代词用法。修饰名词job用形容词性物主代词，故选C。
【例题7】Do you have toys? I’d like to buy ______ for my cousin.
A. it
B. one
C. this
D. that
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你有玩具吗？我想为表兄（弟）买一个。即众多玩具中的一个，同类中的一个用one.
【例题8】We must protect plants. They are friends of ______.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
【答案】D
【解析】双重所有格，我们必须保护植物，它们是我们的朋友。friends of ours = friends of our friends.
【例题9】 knowledge and experience are important to finish that task.
A . Either B. Neither C. None D. Both
【答案】D
【解析】考察不定代词用法。Both…and…表“…和…”，故选D。
【例题10】---Can I come today or tomorrow?
--- is OK. I am busy today and tomorrow.
A.Either
B. Neither
C. Each
D. None
【答案】B
【解析】考察代词辨析。Either表示“两者之一”，Neither表示“两者都不”，Each表示“每个”，None表示“三者及以上都不”，根据句意我今天和明天都忙，故选B。
五、课堂运用
【基础】
1. The shoes with special heels are in the newest . Many girls wear them.
A. brand
B. trade
C. style
D. product
【答案】C
2. He will have to watch his because of his serious stomach problem.
A. style
B. diet
C. smell
D. menu
【答案】B
3. At the foot of the mountain, you can hear the of running water.
A. sound
B. noise
C. voice
D. silence
4. The problems are too difficult for me. Please give ________ me.
A. some advices
B. an advice
C. advices
D. some advice
【答案】D
5.---Do you like ________ English teacher Miss Wang?
---Yes, we like ________ very much.
A. our, him
B. our, her
C. ours, her
D. ours, she
【答案】B
【巩固】
1. The Chinese saying “A tree can’t make a forest.” Tells us that is very important.
A. ability
B. decision
C. teamwork
D. chance
【答案】C
2.--- Jack is i ll. Do you know what’s wrong with him?
--- His illness is the of eating unhealthy food.
A. result
B. excuse
C. reason
D. fact
【答案】A
3. The new bookshelf is ________.They like it very much.
A. Kate’s and Mary’s
B. Kate’s and Mary
C. K ate and Mary’s
D. Kate and Mary
【答案】C
4. Lucy is so confident. She can do everything by________ .
A. himself
B. herself
C. itself
D. yourself
【答案】B
5. --- In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, but in , knives and forks.
--- You see, people around the world have different eating habits. A.others B. other C. another D. all
【答案】A
【提升】
1. --- What a good you’ve given me! Thanks a lot.
--- My pleasure.
A. information
B. news
C. suggestion
D. advice
【答案】C
2. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers
B. women teacher
C. womans teachers
D. women teachers
【答案】D
3. Henry has got two bicycles. of them is expensive.
A. Either
B. Both
C. Neither
D. All
【答案】C
4 . When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say .
A.everything
B. nothing
C. something
D. anything
【答案】D
5.Whenever Mary reads an interesting story, she can’t keep it
to and wants to share it with her friends.
A. she B her C. hers D. herself
【答案】D
代词 三. 反身代词 表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"等表示自身或强调自身的代词称为反身代词。 （动词所表达的动作返回到动作者本身）反身代词有人称和数的变化. 我自己______________ 我们自己________ 他自己__________ 他们自己__________ 你自己___________ 你们自己_________ 强化练习： 一、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can't get my kite. Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine) 4. Tom can't get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he，him，his) 5. Her kite is broken. Can _________(you，your，yours) mend it B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词 1. This isn't her knife. _________ is green. 2. These are your books，Kate. Put __________ in the desk，please.
1、人称代词顺口溜：人称代词有两类，一类主格一类宾；主格代词本领大，一切动作由它发；宾格代词不动脑，介动之后跟着跑。 2、物主代词顺口溜：物主代词不示弱，带着‘白勺’来捣乱；形容词性物主代，抓住名词不放松； 1、人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语。一般在句首，动词前。 例如：John waited a while but eventually he went home. 约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。 John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。 说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中。在电话用语中常用主格。 例如：When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 约翰一到就直接去银行了。 I wish to speak to Mary. This is she. 我想和玛丽通话，我就是玛丽。 2、人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语或表语，在动词或介词后。 例如：Do you know him？(作宾语) 你认识他吗？ Who is knocking at the door？It’s me. (作表语) 是谁在敲门？是我。 说明：单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。 例如：I like English. Me too. 我喜欢英语。我也喜欢。 3、注意：在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。 例如：I thought it was she.我以为是她。(主格----主格) I thought it to be her.(宾格----宾格) I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。(主格----主格) They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。(宾格----宾格) 4、人称代词并列时的排列顺序 1）单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为： 第二人称→第三人称→第一人称 即you and I he/she/it and I you, he/she/it and I 顺口溜：第一人称最谦虚，但若错误责任担，第一人称学当先。 例如：It was I and John that made her angry. 2）复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为： 第一人称→第二人称→第三人称 即we and you you and they we, you and they
初中英语名词代词练习题名词 一、名词的数 Ⅰ. 单项选择 ( ) 1. At last the little boy came up with a(an)to help the poor man. A. information B. advice C. idea D. news ( ) 2. — Tom, can you help me find a new job? — Yes. Three are needed in our school. Would you like to have a try? A. men teacher B. men teachers C. man teachers D. man teacher ( ) 3. — What would you like to drink, my dear friends? —, please. A. Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffees C. Two cup of coffees D. Two cups of coffee ( ) 4. I hear that two and three are coming to our school this week. A. Japanese; German B. Japanese; Germen C. Japanese; Germans D. Japaneses; Germans ( ) 5. These people want to have some for supper, so they decided to catch now. A. fish; many B. fishes; much C. fish; much D. fishes; too much Ⅱ. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。 1. You should take more (锻炼). Don’t always sit at the table busy doing your (练习). 2. There are lots of (土豆) in the basket. 3. I’ve heard of(两条) news about Han Han’s new magazine. 4. Look! The cat is running after two (老鼠). 5. When autumn comes, the (叶子) on the tree turn yellow. 【指点迷津】 名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分。 二、名词所有格 Ⅰ. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。 1. — Where have you been, Tim? —I’ve been to(亨利的家). 2. Are they going to have a picnic on (儿童节)? 3. This is (汤姆和蒂姆的房间). The twin brothers like it very much. 4. My home isn’t far from here. It’s only(十五分钟的) walk. 5. My brother has lots of friends. Mr Black is a friend of (我弟弟的). Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( ) 1. When we saw the film 2012, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between . A. Ted and Ben B. Ted’s and Ben C. Ted and Ben’s D. Ted’s and Ben’s
名词性物主代词 英语中的物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词： 单数形式：my（我的），your（你的），his /her/ its（他的、她的、它的）。 复数形式：our（我们的），your（你们的），their（他们的）。 名词性物主代词： 单数形式：mine（我的xx），yours（你的xx），his /hers /its（他的xx、她的xx、它的xx）。 复数形式：ours（我们的xx），yours（你们的xx），theirs（他们的xx）。 代词表格： 名词性物主代词的用法： 1. 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。（黑体为形容词性物主代词） e.g：1. This is my book. 这是我的书。 2. 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。（黑体为名词性物主代词） e.g：This book is mine. 这本书是我的。 3. 注意：在使用名词性物主代词时，必须有特定的语言环境，也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道，已经提起过。 e.g： It's hers. 是她的。 （单独使用大家不知是怎么回事，不可以这样用。） There is a book. It's hers. 这有本书。是她的（书）。 （这里的hers=her book） 只有上文提及了某个名词，才会知道名词性物主代词指代的事物。
4. 为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。 e.g：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag（形容词性） is yellow, hers（名词性=her bag）is red, his（名词性=his bag） is blue and yours（名词性=your bag） is pink. 5. 名词性物主代词可以用在介词of的后面，相当于“of+名词所有格”。 e.g Jack is a friend of mine. Jack 是我的一个朋友。 练习： 1.Look at the clock. _____(it)face is round. 2.Alice is ______ new classmate. She is sitting beside_____. (I) 3.Here is ______ present. Here _____ are. (you) 4.Let _____ (he) help you with your English. 5.The books on the shelf are ______(she). 6.This is not _____ bag, _____ is yellow. (I) 7.The boy in front of _____ is _____ brother. (he) 8.Where are _____ books? ______ are on the desk. (they) 9.—Have you got a cushion? --- Yes.Look , these are _____. (we) 10.These aren’t _____(you) pears. They are _____ pears.(they) 11.Look at the tree. _____ (it) leaves are green. 12.The lovely cat isn’t _____ (she). It’s _____(I). 13.Here are some books for _____ (we). 14.Go there and play with _____ (they). 15.The cake is for _____ (she) . Today is _____ (she) birthday. 16.Which one do you like, _____ (we)or ______ (they)? 17._____ haven’t any flour. Give _____some. (I) 18.Miss Fang is _____ English teacher. She teaches _____ English. (we) 19.Don’t talk. Listen to _____ (he). 20. Can ____ talk about _____ family? (you) 21. Grandma lives Pudong. We visit _____(she) every week.
初中英语专项练习一 名词、代词、冠词 1.----How is your skirt, Marry? ---- It ’ s more beautiful than ____/. A. my sister’ s B. my sister C. sister D. mine 2. I ’ m going on holiday on the 12th and I have to be back at work on the 26th, so I ’ ve got two ____ holiday. A. weeks B. week’ s C. weeks ’ D. week 3. Look! The kites in the sky are in different ____, some are big and some are small. A. sizes B. colors C. prices D. names 4. I ’ ve read ____ sports news about the FI race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of 5. All the ____ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8 th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women 6. Mark met an old friend of ____ on a train yesterday. A. he B. him C. his D. her 7. I need ____ paper, Mum. I want to write ____ letter to my English teacher. A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some any 8. There are two ____ and three ____ on the table. A. knifes, forks B. knifes, forks C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks 9. We have got a lot of ____ today. A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do D. book to read 10.We could see ____ children and hear ____ noise in the park. A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many 11.Will you pass me ____? A. a few pieces of chalk? B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks D. some chalks 12.This toy was made by a ____ boy. A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old C. ten-year-older D. ten-years-older 13.____ are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classroom’ s windows !4. ----Would you like ____ milk, please? ----No, thank you. I still have some. A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all 15.There are two ____ in the city. A. car ’ s factory. B. car’ s factories C. factories of car D’.cars factories 16.Take more ____, and you will be thinner and healthier. A. exercise B. homework C. medicine D. meals 17.At the root of the hill you could hear nothing but the ____ of the running water. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound 18.Brian is so kind that he o ften gives me a ____ when I’ m in trouble. A. reply B. seat C. hand D. reason 19.You should express your thanks by returning the kindness when you get help from ____. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 20.We had plenty of paper but ____ ink. A. a few B. few C. not many D. not much 21.My car is not so expensive as ____. A. him B. he ’ s C. he D. his 22.Lily and Lucy have arrived, but ____ students aren’ t here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 23.There are high buildings on ____ side of the road. A. both B. every C. any D. either 24.----What do you usually have for breakfast? ---- ____ eggs and ____ milk. A. Little, a few B. A little, a little C. A few, a little D. A few, a few, 25.____ is difficult if you put your heart into it.
物主代词的用法讲解与练习 一.概念 物主代词表示“……(人)的”,表所属关系。可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 二．用法 1.形容词性物主代词其后必须跟名词，不能单独使用,后面必须接名词，表示所有。 Is that your bike? 那是你的自行车吗? Those are our books.那些是我们的书。 2.名词性物主代词可以单独使用，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语使用。 May I use your pen? Yours works better. I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 三．形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词之间的关系为： 名词性物主代词=相应的形容词性物主代词＋名词 四．物主代词用法歌诀 物主代词两类型，形容词与名词性。 形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。 名词性要独立用，主宾表语它都充。 练习 1.---Is this_______(你的) classroom? ---No, it’s not _______ (我们的). 2.______(他的) father is a worker. 3.---Whose keys are these? ---______ are ______ (他的)，not ______(我的). 4.This isn’t ______(我的) car; _______(我的) is being repaired. 5.Is the coat ______(你的) or _______(他的)？It’s ______(我的)，not _____(他的). 6._______(她的) views of life are very different from _________(我们的). 7.I like ______(你的) better than _______(她的). 8.I own that cat. That cat is _______. 9.This coat of ______ (你的) is much nicer than ______(我的).
初中英语语法归纳：代词 代词(pron.)代替名词,兼有名词和形容词的作用 (一)代词的类别 相互代词 each other,one another 指示代词 this,that,these,those 不定代词(不指明特定的人或事物的代 词)each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,(a)few,(a)little,some,any,man y,much,other,another 复合不定代词 everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,every-thing,something,anything,nothing 疑问代词 what,who,whom,which,whose 直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词，引导宾语从句。表语从句等。 关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。 (二)代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法 (1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。 eg. She gave me a red apple.她给了我一个红苹果： (She作主语,me作动词宾语) Kath is near him.凯西靠近他。(介词near的宾语) 2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。 ①形容词性物主代词位于名词前：their school,his backpack ②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等，后面不能再接名词。 egIt isn’t my pen.→Mine(=my pen) is missing.(作主语) I left my pen at home. You can use hers(=her pen),(作宾语) ③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。 cat of hers她的一条狗,a friend of yours你的一个朋友 3.反身代词 ①反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用，也可作动词或介词的宾语。 few days later,I myself had to go to Paris.(作同位语) She bought herself a new bag.(作动词宾语) He’s not worried about himself.(作介词宾语) ②带有反身代词的常用短语。 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to 随便吃些…吧
第2单元代词 （一）人称代词 1、主格作主语，当两个以上人称代词并用时，单数顺序为第二，第三，第一人称；复数为第一，第二，第三人称。 『例』You, he and I are all in Grade One. We, you and they have been to Hang Zhou. 有表示承认过失或有不好的意思时，单数按第一，第三，第二人称排列；复数按第三，第二，第一人称排列。 『例』It was I and Tom that broke the window. They, you and we should leave there at once. 注意：it用法较灵活，可指天气、季节、时间、明暗、距离、状况、形式主语及形式宾语等。 2、宾格用在及物动词或介词后面作宾语 『例』I bought it for you. Let us go, will you? 3、形容词性物主代词只能作定语，后面要跟名词，名词性物主代词单独使用，作主语、表语或宾语。 『例』His school is not so large as hers. Their team is stronger than ours. （二）指示代词 1、that, those指前面提到过的名词，但不可用this, these 『例』The weather today is warmer than that yesterday. 2、打电话时用that 『例』This is Bruce speaking, who is that? 3、刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that 『例』He was ill yesterda y. I’m sorry to hear that. 4、this,these指在方位上较近的人或物that,those指在方位上较远的人或物 有关词组及应用 『例』This is my shirt, that’s yours. 『例』These TVs are made in China, those are made in Japan. （三）反身代词：主要用于加强语气 单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词有以下常见搭配 enjoy oneself = have a good time by oneself = alone help oneself to… learn sth. by oneself = teach oneself sth. help yourselves to… 『例』：I myself did it (I did it myself). She can't dress herself. （四）不定代词：不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词 如：all, each, every, both, either, neither none, one, little, few, many, much,other, another,
初中名词代词的专项练习 名词练习题 ?写出下列名词的复数形式。 ?将下列句子变成复数形式 1. This is a knife. 2. That is a tomato. _______________________________________ 3. I have a wish. ________________________________________ 4. That child is very lovely. ____________________________________ 5. An Englishman stood there. _________________________________ 6 . This dog is brown. _____________________________________ 7. There is a book and a pen on the table. _______________________ 代词练习题
一?用括号中代词的适当形式填空。 1、He helped you. You should thank ___ for it. (he) 2、Jane asked Ted to go to the park with ____ . (she) 3、My grandpa asked _____ to buy some milk for ______ (I, he) 4、These clothes are ______ .(we) 5、______ bedroom is very clean. (I) 6、I got a gift from ____ and ______ .(he, she) 7、You don ' t want to use _______ pencil. (he) You ' ll buy _____ own pencil. (you) 8、I know that book is ___ (I) because I had written _____ (I) name in it. 9、At the gate of school ____ and _____ saw a car. (she, I) 10、They will spend _____ h oliday at the lake. (they) 11、______________ That is not _____________________ k ite. That kite is very small, and __________ is very big. (I) 12、__________________ The dress is __ . Give it to . (she) 13、__________ Is this watch? (you) No, it ' s not . (I) 14、_____ is my brother. _____ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _____ . (he) 15、______ _______________________________________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are __________________________________ ? (you) 16、____________________________________ Here are many dolls. Which one is ? (she) 17、I can find my toy, but where ' s ? (you) 18、__________ Show your kite, OK? (they) 19、I have a beautiful cat. ____ name is Mimi. These cakes are _____ . (it) 20、A re these ____ tickets?
【是什么】 1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法； 2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法； 3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法； 4 常见不定代词的一般用法； 5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法； 6. 相互代词的基本用法； 7. 疑问代词的基本用法。 8. 关系代词的基本用法。 【知识点】 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 一. 人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Whos is knocking at the door? ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二. 物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours? （作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语） 三. 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days． In those days the workers had a hard time． 2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That's why I didn't come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English． 3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 四. 反身代词 英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己" 等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。
新修订初中阶段原创精品配套教材 中考英语语法专题代词练习题教材定制 / 提高课堂效率 /内容可修改 Senior high school English grammatical pronoun practice questions 教师：风老师 风顺第二中学 编订：FoonShion教育
中考英语语法专题代词练习题 强化练习题 1. she heard a terrible noise, ____ brought her heart into her mouth. a. it b. which c. this d. that b 2. the teacher gave the books to all the students except _____who had already taken them. a. ones b. some c. the ones d. the others c 3. our manager allowed _____to take a holiday next week. a. you and i b. yourself and me c.i and you d. you and me d 4. although he 's wealthy，he spends___ on clothes. a. little b. few c. a little d. a few a 5. they were all tired, but _____ of them would stop to take a rest. a. any b. some c. none d. neither c 6. i don’t know whether small oranges are sweeter than big ____. a. those b. ones c. one d. that b
初中代词语法大全 1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、 疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 1、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如：I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购 物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿 去了？)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他！) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年 谁教你们的英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常 给他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可 以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况” 等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词 或者名词性从句。如：--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It’s
名词加强练习题 一、写出下列词的复数 1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______ 4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________ 7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________ 10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____ 13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________ 二、选择正确的答案 ( )1.—Are those ______? ---No, they aren’t. They’re _____. A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows ( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____. A. two orange B. two bottles of orange C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges ( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know? A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s ( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office.
初中中考英语语法 （名词篇） 语法总述： 词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, ball, class, orange, clock, 合成名词：8-year-olds, groun-ups, passers-by, e-mail, 2、代词(pron.)： 主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)： 表示人或事物的性质或特征。 如：good, right, white, orange, ugly, sweet, far, 合成形容词：8-year-old, hard-working, 4、数词(num.)： 表示数量或事物的顺序。 基数词：one, two, three, hundred, 序数词：first, second, third, 量词：a piece of, two bottles of, three basket of, four bowls of, five cups of, six pairs of, 5、动词(v.)： 表示动作或状态。 系词：am, is,are, 半系词：look, sound, feel, get, become, keep, stay, taste, smell, turn, 实意动词：have, see , think, beat, walk, 助动词：辅助动词构成否定、疑问等语气，辅助东西构成时态语态等。如：be, do, does, did, will, can, should, may, 6、副词(adv.)： 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, here, often, quietly, slowly, home, upstairs, hard, very, really, 7、冠词(art..)： 用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)： 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 如in, on, at, from, above, under, behind, with, without, to, 短语介词：next to, in front of, at the age of, 9、连词(conj.)： 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, or, before, when, while, after, as soon as, if, unless, until, because, so, though, but, even if, even though, as if, 10、感叹词(interj..): 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello 2、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法：