2016九大新词集
创客 creators
餐桌污染 food contamination
着力治理餐桌污染，食品药品安全形势总体稳定。
Serious efforts were made to prevent food contamination, and on the whole the situation was kept stable in food and medicine safety.
为官不为 government officials are neglectful of their duties
有的为官不为，在其位不谋其政，该办的事不办。
Some government officials are neglectful of their duties, holding onto their jobs while failing to fulfill their responsibilities.
大道至简，有权不可任性。
It goes without saying that powers should not be held without good reason.
大通关 to simplify customs clearance procedures
构建全方位对外开放新格局。推进丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路合作建设。加快互联互通、大通关和国际物流大通道建设。
We will foster a new environment in all-round opening up. We will work with relevant countries in developing the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. We will move faster to strengthen infrastructure connectivity with China’s neighbors, simplify customs clearance procedures, and build international logistics gateways.
新型职业农民 new type of skilled farmer
要在稳定家庭经营的基础上，支持种养大户、家庭农牧场、农民合作社、产业化龙头企业等新型经营主体发展，培养新型职业农民，推进多种形式适度规模经营。
On the premise of keeping household operations stable, we will support the development of large family farming businesses, family farms and pastures, farmers’cooperatives, leading agriculture enterprises, and other emerging agribusinesses; cultivate a new type of skilled farmer; and develop diversified and scaled agriculture operations.
中国制造2025 "Made in China 2025" strategy
要实施“中国制造2025”，坚持创新驱动、智能转型、强化基础、绿色发展，加快从制造大国转向制造强国。
We will implement the "Made in China 2025" strategy, seek innovation-driven development; apply smart technologies; strengthen foundations; pursue green development; and redouble our efforts to upgrade China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality.
互联网+ Internet Plus
制定“互联网+”行动计划，推动移动互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等与现代制
造业结合。
Develop the "Internet Plus" action plan to integrate the mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data and the Internet of Things with modern manufacturing.
重点区域煤炭消费零增长 zero-growth in the consumption of coal in key areas of the country
深入实施大气污染防治行动计划，实行区域联防联控，推动燃煤电厂超低排放改造，促进重点区域煤炭消费零增长。
We will fully implement the action plan for preventing and controlling air pollution; carry out coordinated inter-regional prevention and control efforts; upgrade coal burning power plants to achieve ultra low emissions; and strive for zero-growth in the consumption of coal in key areas of the country.
2016十大热点词汇集
1、十三五规划热词
国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划（“十三五”规划）the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China (the 13th Five-Year Plan )
全面建成小康社会决胜阶段the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
坚持人民主体地位uphold the principal position of the people
引领经济发展新常态guide the new normal in China’s economic development
中高速增长medium-high rate of economic growth
创新发展innovative development创新是引领发展的第一动力Innovation is the primary engine of development.
协调发展coordinated development协调是持续健康发展的内在要求Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development.
绿色发展green development; eco-friendly development绿色是永续发展的必要条件和人民对美好生活追求的重要体现Green, which represents an eco-friendly outlook, is a necessary condition for ensuring lasting development as well as an important way in which people pursue a better life.
开放发展open development开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路Opening up is the path China must take to achieve prosperity and development.
共享发展shared development共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求Sharing is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
2、宏观经济高频词汇
国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)居民消费价格指数Consumer Price Index (CPI)
生产者出厂价格指数Producer Price Index (PPI)人均可支配收入The per capita disposable income of residents城镇就业人员urban employment新房和二手房价格prices of both new and existing homes大中城市large and medium-sized cities止跌回升rally/rebound进出口总值total foreign trade volume贸易顺差、逆差trade
surplus/trade deficit对外直接投资outbound direct investment外商直接投资foreign direct investment对外净投资国net capital exporter新增人民币贷款new yuan loans 广义货币M2 broad money存款准备金率deposit-reserve ratio存贷款基准利率the benchmark deposit and loan interest rates股权投资equity investment采购经理指数Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI)经济下行economic downturn
供给侧结构性改革（supply-side structural reform）/供给侧改革（supply-side reform）五大任务（five major tasks）：
去产能（cut excessive industrial capacity）：积极稳妥化解产能过剩。要尽可能多兼并重组（merger and reorganization）、少破产清算，做好职工安置工作。要严格控制增量，防止新的产能过剩。
去库存（destocking）：化解房地产库存。通过加快农民工市民化（urbanization of migrant workers），扩大有效需求，打通供需通道，消化库存，稳定房地产市场。
去杠杆（de-leveraging）：会议强调，防范化解金融风险（financial risk）。
降成本（lower corporate costs）：要开展降低实体经济企业成本行动，打出“组合拳”。补短板（improve weak links）：扩大有效供给（expand effective supply）。
财政赤字率（fiscal deficit ratio）
3、互联网关键词
“互联网+”Internet plus
大数据 Big Data
O2O Online-to-offline线上到线下
“创客”Maker 新动力(new driving force) 热钱(hot money )
万物互联 Internet of Everything 穿戴设备(wearables)、智能水杯(smart cup)、扫地机器人(floor sweeper robot)、用户体验(user's experience)
分享经济 Sharing Economy即点对点经济(Peer-to-peer economy)、协作经济、协同消费(collaborative consumption) 闲置资源(excess capacity)
虚拟现实 Virtual reality
P2P即peer-to-peer lending网络借贷金融骗局(financial fraud) 优化资源配置(optimize the allocation of resources)
海淘 Overseas online shopping 跨境电商(cross-border e-commerce)
尊重网络主权Respect cyber sovereignty
网络犯罪Cybercrimes
互联网领域开放合作Opening-up and cooperation in cyberspace
网络秩序Cyber order
网络空间命运共同体A community of shared future in cyberspace
“宽带中国”战略"Broadband China" strategy
网上文化交流共享平台Online platform for cultural exchange
网络经济创新发展Innovative development of cyber economy中国正在实施“互联网+”行动计划，推进“数字中国”建设，发展分享经济，支持基于互联网的各类创新，提高发展质量和效益。
China is working on the "Internet Plus" Initiative to impel the construction of "digital China", boost economic sharing and support of multiple Internet-based innovations, and enhance development quality and efficiency.
网络安全Cyber security
互联网治理体系Internet governance system
文化因交流而多彩，文明因互鉴而丰富。
Culture and civilization are enriched through exchange and mutual learning.
乌镇的网络化、智慧化，是传统和现代、人文和科技融合发展的生动写照，是中国互联网创新发展的一个缩影，也生动体现了全球互联网共享发展的理念。
Wuzhen's access to the Internet and smart technologies is a vivid portrayal of the integration between tradition and modernity, and culture and science. It
is the epitome of the Internet's innovative development in China, and also reflects the concept of the Internet shared by all.
4、脱贫攻坚战
poverty-alleviation funds（扶贫基金）
开发式扶贫 development-orientated poverty reduction
poverty line贫困线
total rural population（农村总人口）poor people（贫困人口）minimum living standard system（最低生活保障制度）与minimum wage system（最低工资制度）poverty-stricken（极度贫困）
social security（社会保障）和reemployment（再就业）
per capita net income（人均纯收入）隐性收入hidden income
make their duties clear（明确职责）
public funds（公款，公共基金）、State-owned assets（国有资产）、national resources （国家资源）
5、“一带一路”
“丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路”的英文全称译为“the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road”
“一带一路”简称译为“the Belt and Road”，英文缩写用“B&R”或者“the Belt and Road Initiative”
富饶的土地（land of abundance）加强对话（enhance dialogue）推进结构调整（advance structural adjustment）开处方（prescribe a remedy）或offer remedy
6、制度反腐
公车私用Personal use of public vehicles 私车消费公家报销（reimbursement of private car expenses）、公车照坐，车补照发（irregular subsidies）、公车浪费（waste involving government vehicles）公车数量超标（an excessive number of government vehicles）
出入高档会所，私人会馆Frequent visits to private clubs or expensive resorts
historic sites（历史名胜）luxury clubs（会所，高级俱乐部）membership cards（会员卡）conduct power-for-money deals（进行权钱交易）
家风败坏Indulging in corruption of family members即“后院腐败”（backyard corruption）政治影响力（political influence）谋取非法利益（made illegal profits）
妄议中央大政方针Speaking ill of government policies 开除党籍处分（expelled from the CPC）
搞迷信活动Engaging in superstitious activities
其他常见贪腐行为还包括
收受贿赂taking bribes挪用公款embezzling public money买官卖官selling or buying government positions徇私枉法bending laws for personal ends腐化堕落living a corrupted lifestyle失职渎职failing to fulfill their duties权色交易trading one's power for sex利用职务便利为多人谋取利益taking advantage of one's posts to seek profit for others普通的权钱交易(ordinary trade between money and power)
敲响警钟(raise the alarm) “断崖式降级”（free-fall demotion）Free fall原指“自由落体”，也可指大幅度跌落或下降，比如，The price did a free fall.（价格一落千丈。）新的反腐举措（new move in the anti-corruption campaign）
“官商勾结”即collusion between government officials and business owners，或简称government-business corruption
打击报复举报人（take revenge on whistle-blowers）销毁伪造证据（destroy or made up evidence）反腐行动（anti-graft campaign）钻规章制度的空子（take advantage of the vagueness of regulations）
7、绿色发展
生态安葬 eco-friendly burials简称eco-burials（生态葬）（“草坪葬（grassland burial）”、“海葬（sea burial）”、“树葬（tree burial）”）
自产绿色食品 100-foot diet减少碳足迹（reduce one's carbon footprint）
垃圾按量收费 pay as you throw不可回收垃圾(non-recyclable rubbish)
生态补偿机制 ecological compensation mechanisms
气候融资 climate financing“气候融资”指发达国家承诺通过征收碳税（carbon tax）、国际运输税（tax on international transport service）和金融交易税（financial transaction tax），以筹集资金，帮助发展中国家应对气候变化。
碳交易中心 carbon exchange centers目的减少碳排放（carbon emissions），降低能耗（energy consumption）以及碳浓度（carbon intensity）
低碳经济 low-carbon economy是指在可持续发展理念（sustainable development concept）指导下，通过技术创新（technological innovation）、制度创新（system innovation）、产业转型（industrial transformation）、新能源开发（new energy development ）等多种手段，尽可能地减少煤炭石油等高碳能源消耗（high carbon energy consumption），减少温室气体排放（greenhouse gas emissions）
低碳技术 low-carbon technology
低碳生活方式 low-carbon lifestyle
碳足迹 carbon footprint“碳排放趋势”（the trend in emissions projections）
碳浓度 carbon intensity减少温室气体排放（greenhouse gas emission）
可再生资源回收 renewable resource recycling垃圾分类（garbage sorting）
碳补偿市场 carbon offsets market绿色就业 green jobs就业压力（employment pressure）节能减排（energy saving and emission reduction）
绿领工人 green-collar worker
无烟环境 smoke-free environment smoke-free area（无烟区）
光污染 light pollution物理性污染（physical pollution）
机动车排放标准 automobile emission standards蓝标车（blue label vehicles）
雾霾费（smog fee）石油化工（petrochemicals）、船舶制造（shipbuilding）、汽车制造（automobiles）、包装印刷（package printing）、家具制造（furniture making）、电子（electronics industry）一般公共预算管理（general public budget management）“首要污染源”major pollution source
8、慈善法修改
“友善之墙”（wall of kindness）闲置衣物（spare clothes）寒潮（cold wave）企业所得税（enterprise/corporate income tax）、个人所得税（individual income tax）慈善组织（charitable organization）信息共享机制（information-sharing system）开设更多捐款渠道（open more donation channels）
9. 户籍改革
户籍制度改革（reform of household registration system）调整户口迁移政策（adjusting household registration transfer policy）、创新人口管理（innovate population management），以及切实保障农业转移人口及其他常住人口合法权益（safeguard the legal
rights and benefits of rural people who have moved to cities and other permanent residents）
one-person households“一人户”独老(seniors living alone)、老年夫妻独自居
住(living only with their spouses) 人口迁徙(population migration)、跨城工作(across-city employment)、多代家庭减少(a decrease of multi-generational families)、城市化发展(urbanization) 一个人生活(settling down as singletons)
黑户people who lack a hukou（household registration）基层部门不作为（dereliction of community-level governments）无户籍人员（unregistered residents）抱有强烈的不安全感（hold a strong sense of insecurity）衍生了社会不稳定（increase the possibility of social instability）
户口registered permanent residence或household registrations abuse of power （滥用职权罪）
10. 司法体制改革
统一职前培训(unified preservice training) 平稳顺利过渡(smooth transition) 信息化(IT application) 忠于法律(faithful to the law) 忠于党(faithful to the Party)
反家暴法（law against domestic violence）寄养家庭（foster families）
电影审查制度film censorship书面通知(written notice) 停业整顿(suspending business operations)
校园暴力（campus/school violence）、校园欺凌（school bullying）刑事案件（criminal cases）（故意伤害（intentional injury）、聚众斗殴（brawl）、寻衅滋事（affray）、抢劫（robbery）、强奸（rape））职业学校（vocational schools）“重灾区”（"harder-hit area"）不善管理（poor management）法治教育（law-related education）
2016三字经
激活力、补短板、强实体
Stimulate market activity, shore up our weak spots, and boost the real economy 原文：
面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。
In face of mounting downward economic pressure, we maintained strategic focus, and kept our macroeconomic policy unchanged. Instead of using short-term stimulus measures, we continued to develop new ideas and methods for macro regulation. We exercised targeted regulation, stimulated market activity, shored up our weak spots, and boosted the real economy.
保基本、兜底线、建机制
To build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements
原文：
我们坚持以人为本，持续增加民生投入，保基本、兜底线、建机制，尽管财政收入增速放缓、支出压力加大，但财政用于民生的比例达到70%以上。
We continued to put people first, sustaining increases to spending in areas that are important to improving standards of living. We have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements. Despite slowdown in the growth of government revenue and increased pressure on expenditures, more than 70% of last year's government budget was spent on ensuring standards of living.
补短板、惠民生、扩需求、促发展
Bolster weak spots and benefit the people, as well as increase demand and promote development
原文：
增加公共产品和服务供给，加大政府对教育、卫生等的投入，鼓励社会参与，提高供给效率。这既能补短板、惠民生，也有利于扩需求、促发展。
We will increase the supply of public goods and services, increase government input in areas like education and health care, and encourage nongovernmental participation to improve the efficiency of supply. This will bolster weak spots and benefit the people, as well as increase demand and promote development.
接得住、管得好
Properly exercise the power of review over all items
原文：
地方政府对应当放给市场和社会的权力，要彻底放、不截留，对上级下放的审批事项，要接得住、管得好。
Local governments must completely let go of powers that should be delegated to the market or society, and properly exercise the power of review over all items that have been delegated to them by higher level governments.
零容忍、严查处
Our tolerance for corruption is zero, and anyone guilty of corruption will be dealt with seriously
原文：
始终保持反腐高压态势，对腐败分子零容忍、严查处。
Our tough stance on corruption is here to stay; our tolerance for corruption is zero, and anyone guilty of corruption will be dealt with seriously.
依法用权，倡俭治奢
Exercise power in accordance with the law, encourage thrift and oppose extravagance
原文：
坚持依法用权，倡俭治奢，深入推进党风廉政建设和反腐败工作。
We will exercise power in accordance with the law, encourage thrift and oppose extravagance, and work painstakingly to improve Party conduct, promote integrity, and fight corruption.
为官不为、懒政怠政
Those who do not perform their duties, and who are indolent, sloppy, or neglectful of their duties
原文：
完善政绩考核评价机制，对实绩突出的，要大力褒奖；对工作不力的，要约谈诫勉；对为官不为、懒政怠政的，要公开曝光、坚决追究责任。
We will work to improve the mechanisms for assessing performance, and commend those who perform well, admonish those who do not, and expose and hold to account those who are indolent, sloppy, or neglectful of their duties.
立国之道，惟在富民
The only way to build a country is to enrich its people.
原文：
立国之道，惟在富民。要以增进民生福祉为目的，加快发展社会事业，改革完善收入分配制度，千方百计增加居民收入，促进社会公平正义与和谐进步。
The only way to build a country is to enrich its people. With increasing people's quality of life as our objective, we will accelerate the development of social programs, reform and improve the income distribution system, do everything possible to increase people's incomes, and promote social equity, justice, harmony, and progress.
民之疾苦，国之要事
Ensuring people's wellbeing is a top priority for the government.
原文：
民之疾苦，国之要事，我们要竭尽全力，坚决把民生底线兜住兜牢。
Ensuring people’s wellbeing is a top priority for the government, and we must do all we can do to make sure that basic needs are met.
民生之患、民心之痛
A blight on people's quality of life and a trouble that weighs on their hearts
原文：
打好节能减排和环境治理攻坚战。环境污染是民生之患、民心之痛，要铁腕治理。
We will fight to win the battle of conserving energy, reducing emissions, and improving the environment. Environmental pollution is a blight on people’s quality of life and a trouble that weighs on their hearts. We must fight it with all our might.
行稳致远
Maintaining sustainable economic growth
原文：
稳增长和调结构相辅相成。我们既要全力保持经济在合理区间运行，又要积极促进经
济转型升级、行稳致远。
Steady growth and structural adjustment complement each other. We must work hard to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range while promoting economic transformation and upgrading, and maintaining sustainable economic growth.
2016政府工作报告中的20个金句
谈经济
1. 只要闯过这个关口，中国经济就一定能够浴火重生、再创辉煌。
We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.
2. 我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。
Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.
3. 着眼长远、留有后手、谋势蓄势。
Have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.
4. 营造敢为人先，宽容失败的良好氛围。
We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.
谈财政
5. 财政收入增长虽放缓，但该给群众办的实事一件也不能少。
Growth in government revenue is slowing, but when it comes to getting things done for the welfare of the people, we mustn't drop a single thing.
6. 创新财政支出方式，优化财政支出结构，该保的一定要保住，该减的一定要减下来。We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.
7. 各级政府要坚持过紧日子，把每一笔钱都花在明处、用在实处。
Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it’s most needed.
8. 扶贫脱贫是硬任务，各级政府已经立下军令状，必须按时保质保量完成。
Poverty reduction is a must, governments at all levels have made the pledge, and it must be accomplished both qualitatively and quantitatively within the timeframe set.
谈环境
9. 新修订的环境保护法必须严格执行，对超排偷排者必须严厉打击，对姑息纵容者必须严肃追究。
We must ensure that the newly revised Environmental Protection Law is strictly enforced, that those who emit pollutants beyond the limit allowed by their permit or without a permit are severely punished, and that those who knowingly allow such violations are held to account.
10. 我们要持之以恒，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国。
We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.
谈发展
11. 困难和挑战并不可怕。中国的发展从来都是在应对挑战中前进的，没有过不去的坎。We will not be daunted by these problems and challenges. China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges; there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.
12. 发展的不竭力量蕴藏在人民群众之中。9亿多劳动力、1亿多受过高等教育和有专业技能的人才，是我们最大的资源和优势。
It is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.
A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained, this is our greatest resource and strength.
13. 生命高于一切，安全重于泰山。
Nothing is more valuable than life, and ensuring public safety is of paramount importance.
谈执政
14. 健全督查问责机制，坚决整肃慵政懒政怠政行为，决不允许占着位子不干事。
We will improve oversight and accountability systems, root out incompetence, inertia, and negligence, and show zero tolerance to for those who are on the government payroll but do not perform their duties.
15. 始终以民之所望为施政所向
The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance.
16. 以敬民之心，行简政之道
With the people in mind, we will streamline administration.
17. 为政之道，民生为本。我们要念之再三、铭之肺腑，多谋民生之利，多解民生之忧。The best form of governance is that which puts people’s wellbeing first. We must never lose sight of this and do more to improve the lives of our people and address their concerns.
18. 重任千钧惟担当。
The most formidable tasks demand the greatest sense of mission.
19. 恪尽职守、夙夜在公，主动作为、善谋勇为。
Government workers must take an active approach to their work, carry out effective planning and decisive implementation, fulfill all their duties, and work tirelessly in service of the public.
20. 大力推行“互联网+政务服务”，实现部门间数据共享，让居民和企业少跑腿、好办事、不添堵。简除烦苛，禁察非法，使人民群众有更平等的机会和更大的创造空间。
We will carry out the "Internet Plus government services" model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory. We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.
2016政府工作报告要点回顾
一、2015年经济社会发展
China’s Economic and Social Development in 2015
完成了全年主要目标任务；The main tasks and targets for the year were fulfilled;
社会经济发展稳中有进，稳中有好；Progress was achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development;
国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列；GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over 2014—a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies;
居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平；Consumer prices grew slowly;
城镇新增就业1312万人；A total of 13.12 million new urban jobs were created;
服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%；The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%;
消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%；The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%;
单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%；Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%;
全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。；The number of newly registered businesses rose by 21.6%, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day;
全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%。；Personal disposable income per capita increased by 7.4% in real terms;
农村贫困人口减少1442万人。The number of rural residents living in poverty was reduced by 14.42 million.
二、“十三五”时期主要目标任务和重大举措
Main Targets and tasks for The 13th Five-Year Plan Period (2016-2020)
到2020年，国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番；Double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income;
经济年均增长保持在6.5%以上；Annual GDP growth: 6.5% or above;
全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.5%；R&D spending 2.5% of GDP;
科技进步对经济增长的贡献率达到60%；Science and technology‘s contribution to economic growth: 60%;
常住人口城镇化率达到60%；Permanent urban residents: 60% of the total population;
户籍人口城镇化率达到45%；Registered permanent urban residents: 45% of the total population;
高铁营业里程达到3万公里，覆盖80%以上的大城市；High-speed railways in service: 30,000 km, linking 80% of big cities;
新建改建高速公路通车里程约3万公里；Expressways built or upgraded: 30,000 km;
实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖；Full coverage of access to broadband networks;
加快改善生态环境；Improvements to the environment;
单位国内生产总值用水量下降23%；Water consumption per unit of GDP: down 23%;
单位国内生产总值能耗下降15%；Energy consumption per unit of GDP: down 15%;
单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放量下降18%；Carbon dioxide emissions: down 18%;
我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口实现脱贫；Lift all rural residents falling below the current poverty line out of poverty;
实现城镇新增就业5000万人以上；New urban jobs: more than 50 million;
城镇棚户区住房改造2000万套。Housing units rebuilt in rundown urban areas: 20 million.
三、2016年重点工作
Major Areas of Work for 2016
3.1 今年发展的主要预期目标
Main development targets
国内生产总值增长6.5%-7%；GDP growth: 6.5%-7%;
居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；CPI increase: approx. 3%;
城镇新增就业1000万人以上；New urban jobs: more than 10 million;
城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；Registered urban unemployment rate: within 4.5%;
进出口回稳向好；Steady increases in imports and exports;
国际收支基本平衡；A basic balance in international payments;
居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步；Increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;
单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上；Energy consumption per unit of GDP: down more than 3.4%;
主要污染物排放继续减少。Further reductions in the release of major pollutants.
3.2 宏观经济政策
Macroeconomic policies
继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策；Implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy;
今年拟安排财政赤字2.18万亿元；Deficit: 2.18 trillion yuan;
赤字率提高到3%；Deficit-to-GDP ratio: 3%;
安排地方专项债券4000亿元；Special bonds for local governments: 400 billion yuan;
继续发行地方政府置换债券；Continue to issue local government debt – converting bonds;
全面实施营改增；Replace business tax with VAT in all sectors;
广义货币M2预期增长13%左右；M2 money supply growth: approx. 13%;
社会融资规模余额增长13%左右；Aggregate financing growth: approx. 13%;
加快改革完善现代金融监管体制；Reform the modern financial regulatory system;
保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定。Keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.
3.3 加强供给侧结构性改革
Supply-side structural reform
继续大力削减行政审批事项；Cancel the requirement of government review for more matters;
在部分地区试行市场准入负面清单制度；Pilot a negative list for market access;
着力实施创新驱动发展战略；Implement the strategy of innovation-driven development;
鼓励创业创新；Encourage business startups and innovation;
加强知识产权保护；Strengthen protection of intellectual property rights;
重点抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能；Address overcapacity in the steel and coal industries;
国有企业提质增效；Improve SOE performance;
推进国有企业股权多元化改革；Diversify types of SOE equity;
依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权；Protect the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;
更好激发非公有制经济活力。Energize the non-public sector.
3.4 深挖国内需求潜力
Domestic demand
支持发展养老、健康、家政、教育培训、文化体育等服务消费；Support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health, housekeeping, education, training, cultural, and sports services;
壮大网络信息、智能家居、个性时尚等新兴消费；Strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion;
降低部分消费品的进口关税；Cut tariffs on some consumer goods;
增加免税店数量；Increase the number of duty-free stores;
加速旅游业的发展；Speed up tourism development;
完成铁路投资8000亿元以上；Invest more than 800 billion yuan in railway construction;
公路投资1.65万亿元；Invest 1.65 trillion yuan in road construction;
开工20项重大水利工程；Start construction on 20 water conservancy projects;
建设水电核电、特高压输电、智能电网、油气管网、城市轨道交通等重大项目；Develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultrahigh-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit;
完善政府和社会资本合作模式，激发社会资本参与热情。Improve the PPP model to stimulate private investment.
推进新型城镇化Advance new urbanization
加快农业转移人口市民化；Grant urban residency to more people with rural household registration;
改革户籍制度；Reform the household registration system;
实施居住证制度。Implement the residence card system;
3.5 对外开放
Openning up
扎实推进“一带一路”建设；More ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative;
促进外贸创新发展；Promote innovation-driven development of foreign trade;
开展服务贸易发展试点；Launch trials in the area of trade in services;
实施更加积极的进口政策Adopt a more proactive import policy
扩大先进技术设备、关键零部件及紧缺能源原材料进口；Increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China;
继续放宽投资准入；Continue to relax market access restriction on investment;
扩大服务业和一般制造业开放；Further open up the service sector and the general manufacturing sector;
简化外商投资企业设立程序；Simplify procedures for establishing overseas-funded enterprise;
扩大自贸实验区试点；Establish more pilot free trade zones;
扩大国际产能合作；Achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries;
加快实施自由贸易区战略；Accelerate implementation of the free trade area strategy;
商签区域全面经济伙伴关系协定；Negotiate on the RCEP agreement;
商签中日韩自贸协定；Negotiate on the China-Japan-ROK free trade agreement;
商签中美、中欧投资协定。Negotiate on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.
3.6 加大环境治理力度
Environmental pollution management
重拳治理大气雾霾和水污染；Control smog and water pollution;
大力发展节能环保产业；Develop energy-saving and environmental protection industry;
加强生态安全屏障建设。Step up ecological security.
3.7 切实保障改善民生
Improve Living Standards
着力扩大就业创业；Promote business development and increase employment;
发展更高质量更加公平的教育；Promote fairer access to and strengthen the quality of education;
协调推进医疗、医保、医药联动改革；Coordinate and promote reform of medical care, medical insurance and pharmaceutical industry;
确保国家安全和公共安全；Ensure national and public security;
推进文化改革发展；Promote cultural reform;
加强和创新社会治理。Strengthen and make innovations in social governance.
3.8 加强政府自身建设，提高施政能力和服务水平
Improve government image and enhance governance and service ability
坚持依法履职，把政府活动全面纳入法治轨道；Exercise power in accordance with the law, legalizing all governmental activities;
坚持廉洁履职，深入推进反腐倡廉；Exercise power with clean hands and further fight corruption;
坚持勤勉履职，提高执行力和公信力。Exercise power with diligence , enhancing the government's administrative capacity and public credibility.
2017政府工作报告热词亮点 3月5日，十二届全国人大四次会议开幕，国务院总理李克强作政府工作报告。下面是小编为大家整理的2017政府工作报告热词亮点，欢迎参考~ 2017政府工作报告热词亮点反映经济发展新趋势 从事旅游行业的全国政协委员朱鼎健表示，很赞同政府工作报告中提出的“大众旅游时代”。他认为，随着人民生活水平的提高、消费支出结构的变化，大众旅游时代的到来能创造消费和供给，有利于中国经济释放的活力。 “大众旅游时代”反映出了中国经济发展的新变化、新趋势。与之类似的还有以绿色能源、互联网为重要内容的“新经济”，强调资源所有者将自己闲置的资源拿出来供需要者有偿使用的“分享经济”等等。 今年政府工作报告还提到了“工匠精神”，这让很多人感同身受。全国人大代表胡子敬表示，供给侧结构性改革的核心就是要提升产品质量，提升中国制造质量。中国企业一定要有“匠人”精神，将用户需求和体验放在第一位。 凸显完善制度新方式 李克强总理在政府工作报告中指出，简除烦苛，禁察非法，使人民群众有更平等的机会和更大的创造空间。“简除烦苛，禁察非法”，这个出自《后汉书》的表述，大意是除去那些不方便老百姓办事的烦琐的规章制度，禁止部属轻易
扰民的不法行为。而报告中“以敬民之心，行简政之道”也表达了类似的意思。这两则表述，引发了代表委员和网友热议，获得了极高评价。 一些代表着完善制度，体现简政放权、规范政府行为的新词、热词同样受舆论关注。“比如报告里讲到‘互联网+政务服务’，实际上政府的管理服务都可以跟互联网结合起来，这会让政府服务更加便捷、高效、公开和透明。”全国人大常委会副秘书长沈春耀表示。 此外，针对“健全激励机制和容错纠错机制”的说法，全国政协委员、南京大学政府管理学院教授张凤阳指出，提出“容错纠错机制”，就是“让那些既廉政又勤政的官员卸去不必要的心理负担，给他们的信任。” 体现惠及民生新举措 今年政府工作报告中的一些新词，也反映了未来民生领域的新举措。比如政府工作报告提出“建立健全‘人地钱’挂钩政策”。那么，对“人地钱”挂钩应该如何理解?全国政协委员、中央农村工作领导小组副组长陈锡文指出：“有些地方在医保、社保、教育上的经费是按照人头来拨付的，过去都是按户籍人口计算，现在如果再按这种方式拨款，吸收农民工多的地方政府财政负担就会加大，中央政府在拨付这些款项时，应当按照各地增加吸收农业人口的数量来拨付。” 另外，报告还提出建设一批“光网城市”，让城乡享受
一、教学目标 1.知识与技能：了解新词新语产生的原因及其特点，提高对语言的感悟能力和判断能力。 2.过程与方法：小组合作探究，搜集整理一些新词新语，分析它们所反映流行文化现象。 3.情感态度与价值观：从新产生的词语中领略当代流行文化，培养学生在生活中关注语言的意识，并能试着作出较深层次的分析和理性的思考。 二、教学重难点 教学重点：让学生了解新词新语产生的原因及其特点，培养学生的自主探究能力。 教学难点：搜集整理一些新词新语，领略当代流行文化，对新产生的词语作出较为深层次的透视和理性的思考。 三、教学创意 设计教学时，我主要体现了新课标中的三点“实施建议”：一是积极倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式。课前我将学生分成八个小组，帮助他们树立主体意识，让他们在合作学习的互动中提高学习效率，培养他们的合作意识和团队精神；二是关注学生的积累及思维的发展，培养他们的探究能力。我鼓励学生通过网络搜集整理新词新语，并要求他们理性思考这些词语所反映出的文化现象，使课堂探究更有深度；三是教师与学生之间平等对话。教学中我以秀自己导入新课，最后以学生秀自己结束，让师生处于平等的位置，使课堂氛围更为和谐。 四、教学过程 （一）激趣导入 同学们，今天我很高兴地和大家一起学习《新词新语与流行文化》。说实话，在准备这节课时我才发现自己已经out了，好多的新词新语都是我见所未见闻所未闻的，我的感受正如崔健的一句歌词：“不是我不明白,这世界变化快。”经过一番恶补，我终于也掌握了一些。下面我就用新词新语来给大家介绍介绍我自己，一来和大家交个朋友，二来也算是抛砖引玉，希望在接下来的时间里你们也能踊跃展示自己，让我们更好的交流。（出示课件1） 秀秀我 姓名：庞俐敏 昵称：plmm 年龄：是奔奔族非新新人类
【说明】：【参考版答案】非官方版正式答案，有可能存在少量错误，仅供参考使用。 2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标I卷 参考答案 试卷总评：2016年高考英语新课标I卷试题整体难度与往年大体相同，题型没有重大变化。其中，阅读理解体裁多样，有记叙文、说明文、应用文等，侧重考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力。完形填空仍是夹叙夹议文，着重考查实词在语篇中的准确运用，难度适中。语法填空和短文改错涉及到动词，形容词，名词，等常见考点，充分考查了学生对篇章解读以及对语境和语法知识的掌握。书面表达是学生熟悉的书信文体，话题接近学生生活，人人有话可说，有感而发。给考生提供了充分的拓展空间，具有开放性，难度较低。 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） A 篇阅读21 -23ACDC B 篇阅读25-28 ADCA C篇阅读29-31 BDB D 篇阅读32-35 CADB 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 36 –40 DEGFA 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20 小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 41- 45 CCCBA 46-50 DADCA 51-55 DB DA C 56-60 BBCAC 第二节英语知识运用（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 61. attraction62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when 66. permitted 67. introducing 68. their 69. days 70. the 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分） 71. that →where 72. but去掉73. times→time74. had →have 75. honest→honesty 76. or→and 77. using →used 78. becoming前加of 79. the →a 80. our→his
绝密★启用前 2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试 语文 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第I卷（阅读题）和第II卷（表达题）两部分。 2．考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。 3．作答时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后．将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷阅读题 甲必考题 一、现代文阅读（9分，毎小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。 殷墟甲骨文是商代晚期刻在龟甲兽骨上的文字，是商王室及其他贵族利用龟甲兽骨占卜吉凶时写刻的卜辞和与占卜有关的记事文字。殷墟甲骨文的发现对中国学术界产生了巨大而深远的影响。 甲骨文的发现证实了商王朝的存在。历史上，系统讲述商史的是司马迁的《史记·殷本纪》，但此书撰写的时代距商代较远，即使公认保留了较多商人语言的《尚书·盘庚》篇，其中亦多杂有西周时的词语，显然是被改造过的文章。因此，胡适曾主张古史作为研究对象，可“缩短二三千年，从诗三百篇做起”。甲骨文的发现，将商人亲手书写、契刻的文字展现在学者面前，使商史与传说时代分离而进入历史时代。特别是1917年王国维写了《殷卜辞中所见先公先王考》及《续考》，证明《史记·殷本纪》与《世本》所载殷王世系几乎皆可由卜辞资料印证，是基本可靠的。论文无可辩驳地证明《殷本纪》所载的商王朝是确实存在的。 甲骨文的发现也使《史记》之类的历史文献中有关中国古史记载的可信性增强。因为这一发现促使史学家们想到，既然《殷本纪》中的商王世系基本可信，司马迁的《史记》也确如刘向、扬雄所言是一部“实录”，那么司马迁在《史记·夏本纪》中所记录的夏王朝与夏王世系恐怕也不是向壁虚构，特别是在20世纪20年代疑古思潮流行时期，甲骨文资料证实了《殷本纪》与《世本》的可靠程度，也使历史学家开始摆脱困惑，对古典文献的可靠性恢复了信心。 甲骨文的发现同时引发了震撼中外学术界的殷墟发掘。“五四运动”促使中国的历史学界发生了两大变化：一是提倡实事求是的科学态度，古史辩派对一切经不住史证的旧史学的无情批判，使人痛感中国古史上科学的考古资料的极端贫乏；二是历史唯物主义在史学界产生了巨大影响，1925年王国维在清华国学研究院讲授《古史新证》，力倡“二重证据法”，亦使中国历史学研究者开始往重地下出土的新材料。这些历史因素对近代考古学在中国的星期具有催生作用。1928年秋，当时的中央研究院历史语言研究所开始发掘殷墟，其最初的目的乃是继续寻找甲骨。而第二次发掘时，已从主要寻找甲骨编程了对整个遗址所有遗存的科学发掘。 甲骨文的发现还大大加速了对传统的中国文字学的改造。汉代以后中国的文字学家崇尚许慎的《说文解字》，传统的文字学主要是《说文》学；但由于北宋以来金石学的发展，特别是对金文的研究，已不断地用商周古文字对《说文》的文字学进行补充。到了清代，对金石学的研究进一步深入，使《说文》的权威性受到了极大的冲击。甲骨文的发现提供了汉字
那些年，那些词 随着微博，微信，QQ等网络社交软件的普及，人们在交流的过程中，一些新词新语也随着社会发展在不经意间被创造出来。它们也许不合乎语法规范，却因为生动的表达一度被人们热捧，极大地活跃了网络氛围。 网络新词的产生有以下几种形式。 1：缩略的方式创造新词。 这些词语有的表达特定情境的情感体验或者对对方的调侃，比如：喜大普奔，是“喜闻乐见、大快人心、普天同庆、奔走相告”的缩略形式，表示一件让大家欢乐的事情，大家要分享出去，相互告知，共同庆祝。比如：我伙呆，是我和我的小伙伴都惊呆了的简称，表示对方的行为不同于寻常。类似的还有：不明觉厉，累觉不爱，说闹觉余，细思恐极，十动然拒，何弃疗，人干事等。 有的表示有群体特征的一类人，比如高富帅形容男人在身材、相貌、财富上的完美无缺，既长得高、长得帅、又有钱，类似的还有：矮矬穷，土肥圆，白富美，小清新，重口味等。 2：附加式创造新词。 这一类词大多表示有共同特征的组合，网友大都在在原有的语言范式中填充自己的生活体验，比如舌尖体，依据舌尖上的中国改编出舌尖上的武汉，舌尖上的成都，舌尖上的重庆等，类似的还有：那些年体，学长帮忙体，莫言体，元芳体，甄嬛体等。
3：通过音译或近义词语素重组新词. 比如“吐槽”从动漫的台湾翻译里跳出来，就像相声中的捧哏，意思是在同伴面前不配合，故意说实话，追求意外性，如今变成了发表看法和抱怨。“吃货”一个简单粗暴的吃字加货色的“货”字最能表现吃货们在美食围攻下的涎口水、腆着脸的略微丧失“节操与情操”的猥琐形象。类似的还有：基友，屌丝，傲娇等等。 网络新词大都是对是对现实较为生动形象的表达，往往采用比较简短的方式填充了以前的一些词语空白，比如基友一词出现之前，没有汉语中哪个词可以贴切的形容那种同性之间的亲密关系。也因为网络的便利和快捷而被广泛传播。但也因为新词大都局限于网络，有些只是表达了当时的一些社会现象比如“表哥，房姐”所以生命力不强，一段时间后就会消失。网络新词活跃了我们的网络交流，一些较好具有生命力的词语也被受录下来，我们可以在日常生活中运用新词增加交流的趣味，但在正式的场合和书面表达中还是要注意语法的规范。
２０１６普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I) 英语 试卷类型A 注意事项: 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2Ｂ铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 ３.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共1５小题;每小题2分,满分3０分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（Ａ、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Yoｕproｂａbly know who Mａｒie Curｉｅwas, bｕt yｏｕｍay not ｈａve hearｄof RaｃｈeｌCａrｓon. Ｏf the ｏutstanｄｉｎg lａdies lｉｓte ｄbelow,ｗｈo do ｙｏu tｈinｋwaｓｔｈe mosｔimportａnt ｗomaｎof the ｐast1０0ｙears? Ｊane Aｄdams（1８60-1935） Aｎyone ｗho ｈas ever beｅn heｌｐedｂy ａｓocial ｗoｒｋer hａs Jane Addams to thａnk. Adｄans helped ｔhe poor and worked foｒpｅace．Shｅeｎcoｕｒageｄａsｅnsｅof ｃommｕniｔｙ（社区)by ｃreati ｎｇshｅlteｒs and ｐroｍotiｎg educａｔion and sｅrvｉｃes for ｐeｏｐlｅiｎneeｄ. Ｉn 1９３１, Adｄamｓbecaｍe thｅfirｓt Aｍeｒican wｏman tｏw ｉn tｈｅNobeｌPeace Prize. Ｒachel Carsｏn（1９07-1964)
绝密★启用前 新课标Ⅰ2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试 本试题卷共16页，40题（含选考题）。全卷满分300分。考试用时150分钟。 祝考试顺利 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。 2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4、选考题作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 5、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12N 14O 16Na 23Cl 35.5K 39Cr 52Mn 55Ge 73Ag 108 一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1.下列与细胞相关的叙述，正确的是 A.核糖体、溶酶体都是具有模结构的细胞器 B.酵母菌的细胞核内含有DNA和RNA的两类核酸 C.在叶绿体中可进行CO2的固定但不能合成ATP 2.离子泵是一种具有ATP水解酶活性的载体蛋白，能利用水解ATP释放的能量跨膜运输离子。下列叙述正确的是 A.离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输属于协助扩散 B.李子通过离子泵的跨膜运输是顺着浓度梯度进行的 C.动物一氧化碳中毒会降低离子泵跨膜运输离子的速率 D.加入蛋白质变性剂会提高离子泵跨膜运输离子的速率
2016九大新词集 创客 creators 餐桌污染 food contamination 着力治理餐桌污染，食品药品安全形势总体稳定。 Serious efforts were made to prevent food contamination, and on the whole the situation was kept stable in food and medicine safety. 为官不为 government officials are neglectful of their duties 有的为官不为，在其位不谋其政，该办的事不办。 Some government officials are neglectful of their duties, holding onto their jobs while failing to fulfill their responsibilities. 大道至简，有权不可任性。 It goes without saying that powers should not be held without good reason. 大通关 to simplify customs clearance procedures 构建全方位对外开放新格局。推进丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路合作建设。加快互联互通、大通关和国际物流大通道建设。 We will foster a new environment in all-round opening up. We will work with relevant countries in developing the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. We will move faster to strengthen infrastructure connectivity with China’s neighbors, simplify customs clearance procedures, and build international logistics gateways. 新型职业农民 new type of skilled farmer 要在稳定家庭经营的基础上，支持种养大户、家庭农牧场、农民合作社、产业化龙头企业等新型经营主体发展，培养新型职业农民，推进多种形式适度规模经营。 On the premise of keeping household operations stable, we will support the development of large family farming businesses, family farms and pastures, farmers’cooperatives, leading agriculture enterprises, and other emerging agribusinesses; cultivate a new type of skilled farmer; and develop diversified and scaled agriculture operations. 中国制造2025 "Made in China 2025" strategy 要实施“中国制造2025”，坚持创新驱动、智能转型、强化基础、绿色发展，加快从制造大国转向制造强国。
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I） 英语试卷类型A 第Ⅰ卷 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitut e a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41along I65 north after delivering to one of his 42 .Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle.
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I） A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present) When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (1913-2005) On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights move ment. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks. 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. B Grandparents Answer a Call As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased
个人财产申报 Declare personal assets指“申报个人财产”，需配套个人信用体系。 食品安全 Food safety就是指“食品安全”。今年我国将继续完善食品安全标准。 个税起征点 “起征点”表示一个门槛，因此可以表达为“threshold”或“cutoff point”。 两会 两会（two sessions）指的是全国人民代表大会和中国人民政治协商会议。 议案与提案（motion&proposal） 人大议案一经通过便具有法律约束力；而政协提交上来的提案无论通过与否都不具有法律约束力。 分组讨论 Panel discussion就是指“分组讨论”，有时也写作group discussion。 提案 Proposal就是“提案”。开会时，我们可以make a proposal，也可以withdraw a proposal。 贫富差距 Wealth gap between rich and poor就是指“贫富差距”，这已成为社会中的敏感问题。 民主党派 民主党派共有70万成员，占7300万中国共产党党员总数的百分之一。 公共外交 Public diplomacy就是“公共外交”，是指一国政府对国外民众的外交形式。 能源安全 Energy security是“能源安全”，指一国的能源储量、能源生产和能源供应安全。 收入分配 我国政府提出改革收入分配制度，income distribution就是指“收入分配”。 退休金双轨制 Dual pension scheme是“退休金双轨制”,两套退休制度，引起了许多民众的不满。 微博问政 时下最时髦的“微博问政”就是seek advice from netizens on micro blog。 新兴产业 Emerging industries of strategic importance就是指“战略性新兴产业”。 群众工作 Mass work就是“群众工作”，指各级党政机关为解决群众的疾苦所进行的具体工作。 社保体系 Social welfare system就是“社会保障体系”，主要由五种社会保险构成。 网络礼节 e-Etiquette就是指“网络礼节”，也写作netiquette。 耕地流失 Arable land loss就是“耕地流失”。耕地流失，会危害到我国的粮食安全。 公车私用 Use government cars for private purposes就是指“公车私用”，也可以用private use of government vehicles来表示。 闲置土地 “闲置土地”是idle land，指依法取得土地使用权后，超过规定期限未动工的用地。 软着陆
绝密★启用前 2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国新课标卷1） 英 语 使用地区：考听力，山西、河南、河北、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、福建、山东； 不考听力，广东 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分，共12页。考试时间结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 注：山西卷赋分不同，满分180分。听力30分不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C 。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. Having a birthday party. B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera. 3. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Tell Kate to stop. B. Call Kate ’s friends. C. Stay away from Kate. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5. What does the woman mean? A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man going to do this summer? A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel. 7. How will the man use the money? A. To hire a gardener. B. To buy books. C. To pay for a boat trip. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates. 9. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation? A. Work as a programmer. B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business. ------------- 在-------------------- 此-------------------- 卷-------------------- 上-------------------- 答-------------------- 题-------------------- 无-------------------- 效---------- 姓名________________ 准考证号_____________
2016高考全国Ⅰ卷理综 1. 下列与细胞相关的叙述，正确的是 A. 核糖体、溶酶体都是具有膜结构的细胞器 B. 酵母菌的细胞核内含有DNA和RNA两类核酸 C. 蓝藻细胞的能量来源于其线粒体有氧呼吸过程 D. 在叶绿体中可进行CO2的固定但不能合成ATP 2. 离子泵是一张具有ATP水解酶活性的载体蛋白，能利用水解ATP释放的能量跨膜运输离子。下列叙述正确的是 A. 离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输属于协助扩散 B. 离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输是顺着浓度阶梯进行的 C. 动物一氧化碳中毒会降低离子泵扩膜运输离子的速率 D. 加入蛋白质变性剂会提高离子泵扩膜运输离子的速率 3. 若除酶外所有试剂均已预保温，则在测定酶活力的试验中，下列操作顺序合理的是 A.加入酶→加入底物→加入缓冲液→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量 B. 加入底物→加入酶→计时→加入缓冲液→保温→一段时间后检测产物的量
C. 加入缓冲液→加入底物→加入酶→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量 D. 加入底物→计时→加入酶→加入缓冲液→保温→一段时间后检测产物的量 4.下列与神经细胞有关的叙述，错误 ．．的是 A. ATP能在神经元线粒体的内膜上产生 B. 神经递质在突触间隙中的移动消耗ATP C. 突触后膜上受蛋白体的合成需要消耗ATP D. 神经细胞兴奋后恢复为静息状态消耗ATP 5. 在漫长的历史时期内，我们的祖先通过自身的生产和生活实践，积累了对生态方面的感性认识和经验，并形成了一些生态学思想，如：自然与人和谐统一的思想。根据这一思想和 生态学知识，下列说法错误 ．．的是 A.生态系统的物质循环和能量流动有其自身的运行规律 B. 若人与自然和谐统一，生产者固定的能量便可反复利用 C. “退耕还林、还草”是提现自然与人和谐统一思想的实例 D. 人类应以保持生态系统相对稳定为原则，确定自己的消耗标准 6. 理论上，下列关于人类单基因遗传病的叙述，正确的是
◎ 2016年《政府工作报告》十大新词 1、相机调控、【政府工作报告】为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。 【解读】“相机调控”是首次出现在《政府工作报告》中。“相机调控”强调政府要根据市场情况和各项调节措施的特点，灵活机动地决定和选择当前究竟应采取哪一种或哪几种政策措施。所以说相机调控很重要的就是要“预调、微调”。 对于不同的地区和不同的产业，政府出台的政策应该是有差别的。例如房地产市场就出现了分化现象，政府根据一二三四线城市房地产市场的不同特点，制定了有针对性的契税房贷政策。 2、众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台 【政府工作报告】打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台，构建大中小企业、高校、科研机构、创客多方协同的新型创业创新机制。 【解读】“众创”指通过创业创新服务平台聚集全社会各类创新资源；“众筹”指通过互联网平台向社会募集资金；“众包”则是指借助互联网等手段，将传统由特定企业和机构完成的任务，向自愿参与的所有企业和个人进行分工；“众扶”指通过政府和公益机构支持、企业帮扶援助、个人互助互扶等多种途径，共助小微企业和创业者成长。 2015年9月国务院印发了《关于加快构建大众创业万众创新支撑平台的指导意见》中，专门对“四众”平台建设提出了一系列具体措施。“四众”旨在汇众智搞创新、汇众力增就业、汇众能助创业、汇众资促发展。 一年前，李克强总理在《政府工作报告》提出“大众创业、万众创新”，激发了人们的创业、创新热情；此次将“四众”写入《政府工作报告》，显示了政府对创业创新支撑平台建设的高度重视。相信通过进一步推动“劳动、知识、技术、管理、资本的活力竞相迸发”，社会财富的源泉将充分涌流。 3、分享经济 【政府工作报告】第一处要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。 【解读】出门在网络平台上约辆车，有了闲置房可以网上短租……这些都是分享经济的现实例子，有报告显示，中国参与分享经济活动总人数目前已经超过5亿人。这种建立在资源共享基础上的崭新模式，运用技术力量实现了资源的优化配置，减少了能源消耗，正在迅速渗透到许多领域和细分市场。 分享经济可以让社会资源配置更加优化、社会协同合作更有效率，从而降低大众创业门槛，
2016高考全国Ⅰ卷英语 第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present) When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during