期末考试

TEST 1一、介词1. Essential equipment to enable a child to participate in a group may be provided and opportunities for training may be shared.2. When employees participated in the problem-solving process, they were much more willing to implement solutions to the problems.3. Anyone traveling without a passport runs the risk of being arrested.4. Rather than running the risks of using harmful pesticides (杀虫剂) in your garden, try using natural methods of pest (害虫) control.5. If the partners have agreed to work together and play to each other's strengths, the same is likely to be true of their customers.6. Mr. Bush's father paid dearly for breaking his promise and raising taxes, so Mr. Bush must deliver something.7. Most drugs offer either no real improvement or, at best, only moderate improvements.8. The technique is at best ineffective and at worst dangerous.9. My husband created a lot of problems for me so that I ended up bankrupt due to his gambling habits as well as ruining my career.10. Nancy had sat up with him all night and was with him when he passed away.11. He came upon a family of lions—a big male, a beautiful female, and two half grown cubs (幼兽).12. She objects to the tests the Government's advisers have devised because they constrict (限制) her teaching style.13. Local corner shops object to seeing their more expensive personal service undermined by cut-price supermarket-style selling.14. Some parents are accused of being careless with their children's health.15. It became difficult to promote conventional ideas of excellence without being instantly accused of elitism (精英统治).16. He lost his job and entered risky business ventures and eventually ended up bankrupt.17. Managers are also accused of paying themselves excessively high salaries.18. They would remain true to their old friend no matter what happened.19. Don't worry about him; maybe he's trying to cool off out there in the rain.20. We were told that inspectors were appointed to enquire into the affairs of the company.21. When he heard these words, Shawn felt his inner doubts about her ability melt away.22. As a player, you could always shrug off defeats or deflect (转移) blame because you were part of the team, but you can't do that as a coach.23. I offered my thanks to Oliver, and even suggested some debt restructuring by way of gratitude, but he just shrugged it off .二、词汇结构1. I will hold your note until Christmas Day, _______ you certainly will have received your allowance.C. by which time2. The Prime Minister commanded that farmers ________ loans from the government.D. should receive3. They packed the instruments carefully ____ they would be broken during transportation.C. for fear that4. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim ________.B. may be seriously doubted5. ______ hostels (客栈) may not offer the most comfortable quarters, they are convenient, inexpensive, and attractive to traveling students and young people.B. While6. When he hurried to the airport, he found, to his great disappointment, his ticket and passport ________ at home.D. had been left7. Were the wire of a smaller diameter (直径), its resistance ________.D. would be increased8. He always prefers to start early rather than ________ everything to the last minute.A. leave9. Frank was advised to give the assignment to ________ he believed had a strong sense of responsibility.B. whoever10. Almost all the countries in the world hoped that the warring sides would ________ a compromise.B. effect11. Our talk was completely ________out by the roar of the machines. As a result, we had to communicate with gestures.D. drowned12. She was arrested for ______ state secrets to a foreign reporter in return for her son going abroad.B. giving away13. Can you ______ furnishing your house luxuriously at a time when the company is losing so much money?C. justify14. There _______ new problems in respect of the relationship between the two countries in recent years.D. arose15. The professor kept speaking about his new discovery in the field, only ____ occasionally to have a mouthful of tea.B. breaking off16. His health ________ as he ate too little and worked too hard for months on end.C. broke down17. After the meeting the workers went back to their ________ workshops.B. respective18. The theory of class currently prevailing in the West is _____ based on what Max Weber, a German sociologist, proposed.D. largely19. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any ________ of it at all.D. sense20. No one in the class could ________ the right answer to the question.B. furnish21. The dentist could ________ no signs of decay in my teeth.D. detect22. He made no ________ to his illness till after the lesson.C. reference23. The pilot of the plane is ________ for the passengers' safety.B. responsibleTEST 2一、介词1. He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.2. I told the kids a story, making it up as I went along.3. The most unlikely objects found their way into his design and look absolutely right where he placed them.4. More people than ever before are running for the city council.5. We'll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on the issue.6. He had his wife spied on for evidence in a divorce case.7. Women officers make up 13 percent of the police force.8. The two countries can finally start negotiating in earnest about issues of mutual concern.9. Only people that use a kitchen all the time understand the best way to lay it out .10. The report about conditions in the country corresponds with our experience, so we believe the report is true.11. Have you decided which party you will vote for?12. After reading, he felt like going for a walk.13. The refugees, dressed in rags, hid themselves in the shade behind the buildings, where relief teams distributed what little food there was.14. Anyone booking tickets in advance can buy tickets at half-price.15. The marketing director, in contrast, replied with delight that an enormous marketing opportunity for shoes existed, because the entire population were potential customers.二、词汇结构1. By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________ here for two days.A. will have stayed2. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life ________: 77.2 years.C. span3. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ________ all practical value by the time they were finished.C. would have lost4. As a public relations officer, he is said ________ some very influential people.D. to have known5. Our hopes ________ and fell in the same instant.B. raised6. With the development in science and technology man can make various flowers ________ before their time.C. bloomed7. A season ticket _______the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time.A. entitles8. In recent years much more emphasis has been put ________ developing the students' productive skills.D. on9. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in ________.C. settlers10. Purchasing the new production line will be a ________ deal for the company.D. profitable11. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ________ it means standing in a queue all night.C. provided12. Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak ________ Chinese.B. smooth13. If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.B. is completed14. The older New England villages have changed relatively little ________ a gas station or two in recent decades.A. except for15. Extensive reporting on television has helped to ________ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.C. yield16. He was punished ________ he should make the same mistake again.D. lest17. All the tasks ________ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.C. were fulfilled18. Elliot followed his friend to her own club where everyone treats him as if he ________ the president.A. were19. Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor was ________ dangerous an undertaking ________ be scarcely believable.A. so... as to20. In the old days people only had a ________ idea of what other countries were like.C. rough21. The fire was finally brought under control, but not ________ extensive damage had beendone.A. before22. We hadn't met for 20 years, but I recognized her ________ I saw her.A. the moment23. Government reports, examinations, compositions, legal documents, and most business letters are the main situations ________ formal language is used.A. in which24. Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun ________ sightseeing.C. other than going25. The president promised to keep all the board members ________ of how the negotiations were going on.D. informed26. Eating too much fat can ________ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.B. attend to27. This is a group of six boys ________ 14 to 17.A. aged三、阅读理解The US military has blocked public access to nearly all its web sites after its servers were attacked by a new computer virus.Late last week, the US Space Command, which provides security for military computers, instructed all military organizations to block public access after a number of sites had contracted the virus, called the "Code Red" bug, according to an official.The virus is known as a "denial of service" bug, because it replicates (自我复制) itself by reading the data files on a network server and sending copies to other servers—thereby multiplying and sometimes crashing a system—and denying access to legitimate (合法的) users of the site."The Code Red worm did in fact show up in some DoD (Department of Defense) web sites and we're working to contain that," Command Spokesman Army Maj. Barry Venable said. "Ways we're going about that include blocking public access to the Web sites, because that's the way this worm works, to prevent it from using our networks to propagate (繁殖) itself."The virus exploits a security flaw (缺陷) in certain Microsoft network servers. The flaw was announced last month when a patch was released to fix it."To protect our DoD web sites from being compromised, DoD organizations have been told to review the status of the Internet information servers... to make sure that all the patches that were previously installed had been installed," says Venable.Only a handful of the major Defense Department sites, with the suffix ".mil," appear currently accessible to the public, including the central public affairs site DefenseLink and the military services' main homepages. Public access is blocked to information connected to those sites, and others such as the National Missile Defense site and the US Air Force's European site. Registered Department of Defense personnel continue to have access to the sites, Venable said.1. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?D. Protect DoD Web Sites Against Viruses.2. The word "contracted" (Para.2) most probably means ________.B. get an illness3. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Code Red worm?C. It's included in a patch released by Microsoft.4. Public access is blocked to most DoD web sites so that ________.A. the Code Red worm can't use the web site to replicates itself and send copies5. Which of the following is NOT a measure taken by DoD to fight against the Code Red worm?B. Shutting down e-mail.For an increasing number of students at American universities, old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-boom (生育高峰) generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change poses serious questions for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions, and in law and business as well. "In addition to the doctors, we're going to need more sociologists, biologists (生物学家), city planners and specialized lawyers," says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California's (USC) School of Gerontology (老年学).Lawyers can specialize in "elder law", which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination (歧视). Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. "Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money," one professor says.Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major but found she was "really bored with bacteria". So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it. She says, "I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying."6. The words "... old is suddenly in" (Para. 1) most probably means "_______".B. gerontology has suddenly become popular7. With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit _______.A. from the adoption of the "elder law"8. Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?C. The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.9. Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?D. Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.10. It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America's elderly population ________.A. will provide good job opportunities in many areasThe decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.The fact that ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation's moral climate, says this ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. "The thought that 'I'm in it for me' has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness," Ms. Elshtain says.Some of this can be attributed to the decay of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today's greater mobility and with so many couplesworking, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the US. And Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent "golden age," Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor a decrease in prejudice.Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. "Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that can't be bought."11. Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans ________.D. are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards12. The moral decline of American society is caused mainly by ________.B. the self-centeredness of individuals13. Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities?C. Concern for one's neighbors.14. In the 1950s, classroom violence ________. A. was something unheard of15. According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed ________.D. if less emphasis is laid on material thingsTEST 3一、介词1. The case is being looked into ; when we have anything to report we'll write to them.2. Many a large and important business has been built up from small beginnings.3. What information they do have is often inaccurate and loaded with unreal expectations.4. He was convicted of carrying an offensive weapon and got a 28-day suspended sentence anda heavy fine.5. She was excited to see her grandfather and uncle, running to hold up her face for a kiss.6. You got the date wrong when you were filling in the check.7. The search for efficiency and cost-cutting has resulted in greater centralization.8. Mother is much better now, thank you. She's able to get around a bit more.9. This is certainly true, but this explanation can hardly account for the economic disaster the country is facing now.10. Over time, age and reality will catch up with the dreams but the search for an opportunity to let the potential emerge is endless.11. The country went through a chaotic period of social and economic transformation: a boom in canal and railway building, in the steel industry, in banking, engineering, scientific research and political thinking.12. What he argued does not immediately lend itself to action on the part of the adviser.13. Plenty of mysteries have lasted for centuries and finally yielded to explanation.14. This is the case we can talk about to them on the same basis and presumably they will understand.15. Trains and telephones broke down and their communication with the people in the city was cut off.二、词汇结构1. If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.C. with2. The giant corporation was making a take-over ________ for a fertilizer plant.B. bid3. This diploma (毕业文凭) ________ that you have completed high school.A. entitlesB. certifies4. The article ________ China's educational achievements during the past 20 years and outlined its development plans for the new century.C. highlighted5. He is watching TV? He's _______ to be cleaning his room.B. supposed6. I have already commented that colours will not show up unless the ________ of the light is sufficiently great.A. intensity7. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are __________ free medical care.C. entitled to8. _________ I admit there are problems, I don't agree that they can not be solved.B. While9. No educational system is perfect. Each one has its _________.D. limitations10. You are invited to the party ________ at our institute 8:00 p.m. tomorrow.D. to be given11. There are usually at least two ________ of looking at every question.D. ways12. She was glad that her success would ________ for the women who would follow.A. make things easier13. No matter how hard he tried, he couldn't get the _______ of his opponent.B. better14. The film was not as good as I had expected. If I ________ it was boring, I would not have gone.C. had known15. I'd like to take __________ of this opportunity to thank you all for your co-operation.D. advantage16. He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the _________.C. rent17. The number plate on Sean's car came ________ and had to be tightened.B. loose18. Since the publication of the novel, his reputation as a detective writer has been well ________.B. established19. Scarcely had the old man gone out _________.C. when it started to rain三、阅读理解During the long vacation I was accepted as a trainee bus conductor. I found the job fiercely demanding even on a short route with a total of about two dozen passengers. I pulled the wrong tickets, forgot the change and wrote up my log (行程记录) at the end of each trip in a way that drew hollow laughter from the inspectors. The inspectors were likely to check at any time. A conductor with twenty years' service could be dismissed if an inspector caught him accepting money without pulling a ticket.It was hot that summer: 100°Fahrenheit (华氏) every day. Inside the bus it was 30°hotter still. It was so jammed inside that my feet weren't touching the floor. I couldn't blink (眨眼睛) the sweat out of my eyes. There was no hope of collecting any fares.In these circumstances I was scarcely to blame. I didn't even know where we were, but I guessed we were at the top just before Market Street. I pressed the bell, the doors closed, and the bus surged forward. There were shouts and yells from down the back, but I thought they were the angry cries of passengers who had not got on. Too late I realized that they were coming from within the bus. The automatic doors at the back of the bus had closed around an old lady's neck as she was getting on. Her head was inside the bus. The rest of her, carrying a shopping bag was outside. I knew none of this at the time.When I at last signaled the driver to stop, he crashed to a halt and opened the automatic doors. The woman dropped to the road. Unfortunately, the car behind turned out to be full of inspectors. Since it would have made headlines if a university student had almost half-killed a woman of an advanced age, I was given the opportunity to leave quietly.1. What do we learn about the inspectors in the first paragraph?C. They were feared by employees.2. Why was the writer unable to do his job properly?D. He couldn't move.3. The old lady in the incident described ________.C. was dragged4. When the incident with old lady happened, ________.B. the writer's employers wanted to avoid publicity5. What is the writer's attitude now to the job?D. He believes that it was an impossible job to do well.Urban (城市的) life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and rewards against dangers and stress; its moving force is, in the broadest sense, money. Opportunities to make money make competition stressful; it is often at its most intense in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. Crime has always flourished in the relative anonymity (人所不知) of urban life, but today's ease of movement makes its control more difficult than ever; there is much evidence that its extent has a direct relationship to the size of communities. City dwellers (居民) may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around them.As defense against these developments, city dwellers tend to use various strategies to try and reduce the pressures upon themselves: contacts with other people are generally made brief and impersonal; doors are kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory (未列入电话号码簿的); journeys outside the home are usually hurried, rather than a source of pleasure.Inner areas of cities tend to be abandoned by the more successful and left to those who have done badly in the competitive struggle or who belong to minority groups; these people are thengeographically trapped because so much economic activity has migrated to the suburbs and beyond.Present-day architecture and planning have enormously worsened the human problems of urban life. Old-established neighborhoods have been ruthlessly (无情地) swept away, by both public and private organizations, usually to be replaced by huge, ugly, impersonal structures. People have been forced to leave their familiar homes, usually to be re-housed in tower blocks which are inconvenient, and fail to provide any setting for human interaction or support. The destruction of established social structures is the worse possible approach to the difficulties of living in a town or city. Instead, every effort should be made to conserve (保护) the human scale of the environment, and to retain familiar landmarks.6. According to the author, living in a city causes stress because there are so many people who are ________.A. anxious to succeed7. The author thinks that crime is increasing in cities because ________.B. criminals are difficult to trace in large populations8. The majority of people who live in inner cities tend to quit from the inner areas because they ________.B. have been forced by circumstances to do so9. Architectural changes have affected city life by ________.A. scattering long-established communities10. The author's general argument is that urban life would be improved by ________.D. preserving existing social systemsMy love of nature goes right back to my childhood, to the times when I stayed on my grandparent's farm in Suffolk. I think it was my grandmother who encouraged me more than anyone: she taught me the names of wildflowers and got me interested in looking at the countryside, so it seemed obvious to go on to do Zoology at university.I didn't get my first camera until after I'd graduated, when I was due to go diving in Norway and needed a method of recording the sea creatures I would find there. My father didn't know anything about photography, but he bought me an Exacta, which was really quite a good camera for the time, and I went off to take my first pictures of sea anemones (海葵) and starfish (海星). I became keen very quickly, and I learnt how to develop and print.I've tried from the beginning to produce pictures which are always biologically correct. There are people who will alter things deliberately: you don't pick up sea creatures from the middle of the shore and take them down to attractive pools at the bottom of the shore without knowing you're doing it.There can be a lot of ignorance in people's behaviour towards wild animals and it's a problem that more and more people are going to wild places: while some animals may get used to cars, they won't get used to people suddenly rushing up to them. The sheer pressure of people, coupled with the fact there are increasingly few places where no-one else has photographed, means that over the years, life has become much more difficult for the professional wildlife photographers.Nevertheless (然而), wildlife photographers play a very important part in educating people about what is out there and what needs conserving. Although photography can be an enjoyable pastime (消遣), as it is to many people, it is also something that plays a very important part in educating young and old alike.11. The author decided to go to university and study Zoology because ________.C. she was keen on the natural world12. How is the author different from some of the other wildlife photographers she meets?B. She takes photographs which record accurate natural conditions.13. The author now finds it more difficult to photograph wild animals because ________.C. it is harder to find suitable places14. According to the author, wildlife photography is important because it can make people realize that ________.D. it is important to look after wild animals15. Which of the following describes the author?B. Sensitive.TEST 4一、介词1.If she must chooseSan Carlo Borromeo.4. I find peace of mind acceptable in those losers who have exhausted every means disposal, and who have peace of mind despite being losers.5. If the team members had been unsuccessful in getting in touch with their support base, they6. The newly-published dictionary does not keep changes in contemporary language usage.Film Theatre.8. The Government will continue to invest a strong infrastructure, and boost technology expertise (专门知识) in the regions.9. We still lag far15. When you sign二、词汇结构1. He does not g e t a l o n g w i t h his workmates and there are often disagreements between them.2. Hot metal c o n t r a c t s as it grows cooler.3. Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work r e w a r d i n g in other ways.4. I'm in no m o o d this evening to listen to popular music.5. Jack will g e t o v e r his nervousness once he's in front of the camera.6. He has been a c c u s e d of murdering the Japanese visitor.。