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Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake 素材 (人教版八年级上) (2)

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

Section A

知能新视窗

本节主要通过了解香蕉混合饮料和水果沙拉的制作过程,学习食物制作的过程和方法。同时学习听从指令的祈使句和可数名词与不可数名词的区别。

名师开小灶

1. Turn on the blender. 打开搅拌器。

(1) 这是一个祈使句。表示命令、请求、劝告、建议等语气的句子称作祈使句,它的结构与陈述句一样,但主语往往省略。另外,祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。祈使句的否定一般在谓语动词前加Don’t,有时也可用Never。如:Be careful! 当心!

Listen to the tape and answer my questions. 听录音然后回答我的问题。

Let’s discuss it. 我们来讨论一下。

Don’t read in the sun. 别在阳光下看书。

Never be late again next time. 下次决不要迟到。

(2) turn on是一个“动词+副词”构成的短语,意思是“打开(电灯、自来水、煤气等)”。如:

There is a football game on TV. Please turn it on. 有一场足球赛,请把电视打开。

I want to listen to music. Could you turn on the radio?

【辨析】turn on, turn off, turn up, turn down

这四个都是“动词+副词”构成的短语,都与“电器、开关”有关,但turn on意思是“打开”,turn off意思是“关闭,关掉”,turn up意思是“开大,调高”,turn down意思是“关小,调低”。如:

The music is too loud. Please turn it down. 音乐太吵人了,请调低点音吧。

【金钥匙】“动词+副词”构成的短语,当接代词作宾语时,代词只能放在动词与副词之间。

【拓展】与turn有关的短语:

turn left / right 向左/右转turn green 变绿turn…into…把……变成……

turn to…翻到……turn over 翻转turn in 上交

2. Cut up the bananas. 把香蕉切碎。

cut up意为“切碎”,相当于cut into piece,是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语。如:Please cut up the apples. 请把苹果切碎。

【链接】“动词+副词”构成的短语:

put on穿上give up放弃take out取出give back归还

write down写下cut down砍倒g ive away 赠送take off 脱下

3. Pour the milk into the blender. 把牛奶倒进果汁机里。

pour作动词,意为“倾,倒”。pour…into…意思是“往……倒……,把……倒进……里”。pour sb. sth. 或pour sth. for sb. 意思是“为某人倒……”。如:

Can I pour you a cup of tea? 我可以给你倒一杯茶吗?

The factory is pouring waste water into the river. 那家工厂正把污水放进河里。

4. Put the bananas and ice cream into the blender. 把香蕉和冰激凌放入搅拌器。

put是动词,意思是“放,加入”。put…into意思是“把……放入……里,把……翻译成……”。如:

He put some sugar into the coffee. 他在咖啡里放一些糖。

Can you put the sentence into English? 你能把这个句子译成英语吗?

【链接】与put有关的短语:

put away 放好,把……收好put off 拖延,延期

put on 穿上put together 放在一起

put up 举起,建造,张贴put down 放下,记下

5. How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉?

How much yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶?

(1) how many, how much意思都是“多少”,前者后接可数名词,后者后接不可数名词。如:How many people are there in your family? 你家有几口人?

How much money do you have? 你有多少钱?

(2) need在此句中作行为动词。当need作行为动词使用,有人称和数的变化,后可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式,可用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句中。如:She needs three books. 她需要三个本子。

The bike needs mending. = The bike needs to be mended. 自行车需要修理一下。

I don’t need to see the doctor. 我不需要看医生。

Do you need to go now? 你需要现在去吗?

【拓展】① need作名词,表示“需要,必要”,无复数形式。但有时与a连用,后面可接不定式及for或of引出的短语。如:

There is no need for you to come. 不需要你来。

They all feel a need for a good teacher. 他们都觉得需要一位好老师。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

②need作情态动词,无人称和数的变化,后接不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形),多用于否定句和疑问句中。如:

You needn’t worry about your study. 你不必担心你的学习。

Need I go with you? 需要我和你一起去吗?

【金钥匙】由need引出的一般疑问句,肯定答语常用must或have to;否定答语用needn’t。如:

—Need I answer the question? 我需要回答那个问题吗?

—Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的,你必须回答。

—No, you needn’t. 不,不必了。

6. We need one cup of yogurt. 我们需要一杯酸奶。

英语中,不可数名词不能在其前直接用数量修饰,为了表示“数量”,常用“基数词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示。如:

one cup of tea. 一杯茶two glasses of milk 两杯牛奶

three bottles of apple juice 三杯苹果汁

【金钥匙】①“量词”可以有复数形式。

②可数名词也可以用此形式。如:four kilos of oranges四公斤橘子

【拓展】不可数名词与可数名词

①不可数名词指物体的数量不可数,没有单复数之分,也不能直接在词前直接加冠词a 或an。表示不可数名词的数量时可以在词前加相应的量词短语,如:a piece of (一片,一块,一条……),a cup of (一杯……),a teaspoon of (一茶匙……)等,也可用下面的词来修饰,如:much (许多), a little (一点), little (很少), lots of (许多), a lot of (许多), some (一些), any (一些)。可数名词指物体的数量可数,有单复数之分,在单数名词前可以直接用a或an 修饰,也可以用其他的基数词修饰,还可以用many (许多), a few (几个), few (很少), some (一

些), any (一些), a lot of (许多), lots of (许多)等修饰。

②规则变化的可数名词复数的构成方法:

a. 一般情况下在词尾加-s。如:

map—maps pencil—pencils book—books

b. 以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。如:

bus—buses box—boxes watch—watches dish—dishes

c. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,先将y改为I,再加-es。如:

family—families city—cities country—counties

d. 以-f或-fe结尾的名词,把-f或-fe改为v,再加-es。如:

knife—knives leaf—leaves

e. 以辅音字母+o结尾的名词,在词尾后加-es。(photo除外)如:

tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes

7. Finally, mix it all up. 最后,把所有的都混和起来。

(1) finally作副词,意为“最后,终于”。相当于in the end或at last。如:

The car didn’t work. We had to walk home finally. 车子坏了,最后我们只好走回家。

【辨析】finally, at last, in the end

①finally只指一系列事物或论点的顺序,一般不带感情色彩。如:

He spoke at the meeting finally. 他在会上最后发言。

②at last有时可与finally互换,但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后,因而带有较浓厚的感情色彩,如不耐烦、放心、如愿等。如:

I have obtained my wish at last. 我的愿望终于实现了。

③in the end指经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况后,某事才发生。还可用于预卜未来。如:

He bought the house in the end. 他终于买下了这栋房子。

(2) mix作及物动词,意为“使混和”。mix up 是由“动词+副词”构成的短语,意思是“混合起来”,是指把两个或两个以上的东西混合起来,有“混乱,杂”的意思。如:Don’t mix up all the clothes. 别把衣服搞混了。

If you mix red and white, you will make pink. 如果你把红色和白色掺起来,就会酿成粉红色。

实战演练场

夯实基础

一、将下列名词分类。

1. 可数名词:_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

2. 不可数名词:_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

3. 既可作可数________________________________________________________

也可作不可数________________________________________________________

二、用how many, how much填空。

1. ___________ bananas do we need?

2. ___________ yogurt do you need?

3. ___________ tomatoes would you like?

4. ___________ milk is there in the glass?

5. ___________ honey do you add into the milk shake?

6. ___________ salt do you put in the noodles?

三、选用方框内的动词的适当形式填空。

1. How long does it ________ to get to school?

2. I can’t come. I _________ a really busy day.

3. Mr. Green likes to __________ sandwiches with lettuce.

4. Let’s ________ some bananas before eating it.

5. __________ some more salt to the popcorn, please.

6. You have to _________ the banana before eating it.

7. Can you help me _________ these tomatoes?

8. Don’t _________ waste water (废水) into the river.

9. Next you need to _________ all these things into the blender.

10. Finally, _________ on the blender and you’ll get some fruit salad.

四、根据汉语意思完成句子。

1. 到新闻联播的时间了,请打开电视机。

It’s time ________ CCTV News. Please ________ _______ the TV set.

2. 我们需要多少杯酸奶?

________ _________ _________ _________ yogurt do we need?

3. 让我们制作水果色拉吧。

Let’s _________ _________ ________.

4. 请把西红柿和牛肉切碎。

Please ________ _______ the tomatoes and beef.

5. 请把蜂蜜和牛奶混合起来。

Please ________ honey and milk ________.

五、句型转换。

1. Put the butter on the bread. (改为否定句)

________ ________ the butter on the bread.

2. There are two glasses of honey in the bottle. (就划线部分提问)

_________ _______ glasses of honey _______ _______ in the bottle?

3. I need one teaspoon of salt. (就划线部分提问)

________ ________ salt _______ you ________?

4. There is a bottle of water. (改为复数)

There ________ some ________ of water.

5. You should drink some hot tea with honey. (改为祈使句)

________ ________ hot tea with honey.

能力提高

六、补全对话。

A: Let’s 1._________ fruit salad.

B: OK. Good 2.________. Do you have the ingredient?

A: Yes, I do. We have bananas, watermelons, apples and yogurt.

B: How 3._________ bananas, apples and watermelons do we need?

A: Three bananas, two apples and one watermelon. And we 4.________ two teaspoons of yogurt. B: 5.________ do you make fruit salad?

A: First, 6.________ the bananas and apples. 7._________, cut up the bananas and apples and the watermelons. Put them 8._________ a bowl. Then, put in two teaspoons of yogurt.

9.________, mix it all 10._________.

B: OK. I think it’s very delicious.

Section B

知能新视窗

本节继续学习可数名词和不可数名词,谈论个人所喜欢的食物,并学会如何制作这些食物,掌握制作这些食物的操作过程。

名师开小灶

1. Do you like lettuce in sandwiches? 你喜欢加生菜的西红柿吗?

like作动词,意为“喜欢”,后可跟名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式作宾语。如:

Do you like hamburgers? 你喜欢汉堡包吗?

The dress looks nice, I like it. 这裙子看起来很漂亮,我喜欢它。

Do you like swimming? 你喜欢游泳吗?

Do you like to go shopping? 你喜欢去购物吗?

【金钥匙】like to do sth. 表示目前或较近时间内喜欢做某事,着重强调一次动作;like doing sth.表示爱好、习惯,强调经常、习惯的动作。如:

Do you like watching TV? 你喜欢看电视吗?

Do you like to play basketball this afternoon? 今天下午你喜欢踢足球吗?

【拓展】like作介词,意为“像……”,常和系动词连用。如:

She is like her sister. 她像她的姐姐。

He looks like his father. 他看起来像他的父亲。

2. Put some relish on a slice of bread. 将一些佐料放在一片面包上。

slice是量词,常与数词及of一起用来表示名词的数量。表达复数概念时,slice变为复数,不可数名词不变。如:two slices of bread 两片面包

【金钥匙】当of后为可数名词时,该可数名词通常用复数。如:

a basket of eggs 一篮子鸡蛋

3. First, put the butter on a slice of bread. 首先将黄油抹在一片面包上。

(1) first作副词,意思是“第一次,最初地,首先”,可放在句前,也可放在句尾。序数词用作副词或作表语时,前面不加冠词。如:

I’ll tell you how to use the computer first. 我先告诉你如何使用电脑。

Meimei comes to school first every day. 梅梅每天最先到学校。

(2) first用作序数词,意为“第一”,其前一般要加冠词the,但序数词前若有物主代词时,则不用the。如:

He is the first student to come to class. 他是第一个到班的学生。

My first vacation was spent in Beijing. 我的第一个假期是在北京度过的。

4. Then cut up an onion and a tomato. 然后切碎一个洋葱和一个西红柿。

(1) then意为“然后”,与next意思基本相同,但next更强调“接着做某事”,而then则着重于表示“下一个动作在……之后”,常与and连用。如:

He did his homework, and then he watched TV for an hour. 他先做作业,然后看一个小时的电视。

(2) 本句中的洋葱和西红柿都是不确定的,所以用不定冠词修饰。

【辨析】冠词an / a与one的区别

①a用在辅音开头的单数名词前;an用在元音开头的单数名词前;one用在任何单数名词前。如:

My father is a doctor, but my mother is an nurse. 我父亲是一位医生,妈妈是一位护士。

Could you give me one glass of water? 你能给我一杯水吗?

② a / an作为冠词,主要强调事物所属的类别;而one作为数词则强调数量。如:Do you have a pen pal? 你有笔友吗?

I can see one bird in the tree. 我可以看见树上有一只鸟。

③ one 可以作代词,复数形式是ones 。如:

I don’t like this one. 我不喜欢这一个。

5. Finally, put another slice of bread on the top. 最后,把另一片面包话在项上。

another 表示“又一,另一”,指三者或三者以上中的另一个,是一个不确定的概念。如: Would you like another cake? 你想再要一块蛋糕吗?

【辨析】another, the other

another 和the other 均可表示“另一个”,但前者每时同类人或事物不确定数目中的另一个,后者指两个人或物中的另一个。如:

I don ’t like this shirt. Please show me another one. 我不喜欢这件衬衫,请给我看看另的。 I have two rulers. One is red, the other is blue. 我有两把尺。一把是红色的,另一把是蓝色的。

【金钥匙】①another 一般后只接单数名词,但其后可接带有few 或数词的复数名词。如:

She ’s going to stay in Beijing for another few days. 她将在北京再呆几天。

② more 也有“又,再”的意思,其结构为“数词+more+名词”,这与another 的结构“another + 数词+名词”不同。如:

She’s going to stay in Beijing two more days. 她将在北京再呆两天。

6. Here ’s a recipe for a great turkey sandwich! 这是美味火鸡三明治的菜谱!

(1) 这是一个倒装句。当副词位于句首时,句子需用倒装语序,即谓语位于主语之前。如: Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。

(2) 当主语为人称代词时,则不需要用倒装语序。如:

Here you are. 给你。

实战演练场

夯实基础

一、 将下列各词分类。

Vegetable: ____________________________________________________________

Fruit: ________________________________________________________________

Meat: ________________________________________________________________

Food: ________________________________________________________________

Others: _______________________________________________________________

二、根据汉语及句意完成单词。

1. How do you make a milk _________ (混合饮料)?

2. Put the apples into the _________ (榨汁机).

3. Before using the cell phone, please read the __________ (说明) carefully.

4. Would you like some __________ (三明治)?

5. You should put a little __________ (黄油) on the bread?

6. Salt is a kind of _________ (调味品).

7. On Thanksgiving Day, Americans often like to eat __________ (火鸡) as a big meal.

8. Zhang Li beat Liu Fang in the tennis __________ (最后

).

9. The girl became a _________ (超级的) singer.

10. We can see the whole city on the ________ (顶部) of the building (建筑物).

三、翻译下列短语。

1. 一汤匙酸奶_________________

2. 两片面包________________

3. 三碗面条_________________

4. 四杯茶________________

5. 五包盐_________________

6. 六瓶牛奶________________

7. 七盒铅笔_________________ 8. 八公斤鸡蛋______________

9. 九杯水_________________ 10. 十篮橘子_______________

四、单项选择。

( ) 1. ________ slices of bread do you need?

A. How much

B. How many

C. How long

D. How often

( ) 2. It’s good to have ________ every day.

A. two glass of milk

B. two glasses of milks

C. two glasses of milk

D. two glass of milks

( ) 3. Do you like lettuce _______ sandwiches?

A. in

B. on

C. to

D. for

( ) 4. Here is a recipe ________ a great turkey sandwich!

A. at

B. to

C. for

D. in

( ) 5. British people eat _______ a lot, and they are cooked in different ways.

A. potato

B. potatoes

C. beef

D. chicken

能力提高

五、补全对话。

A: How do you 1.__________ a turkey sandwich?

B: Well. 2. ________ put some butter on a slice of bread.

A: How 3._________ butter?

B: Oh, about a teaspoon. 4.________ cut up some tomatoes. Maybe one is enough(足够的). Put it on the sandwich. 5.________ cut up an onion, too..

A: Sounds good. How 6._________ the turkey?

B: Put all three 8._________ of turkey on the sandwich.

A: OK. Is that all?

B: Not quite. Put some relish on the turkey.

A: How 8.___________?

B: Two teaspoons should be 9._________ it. And don’t forget the lettuce. 10.________, put another slice of bread on the top.

六、阅读填词。

请根据表格中提示的信息,做一个美味的水果乃昔。

Make a fruit milk shake

Ingredients Amount

apple juice half a cup

banana one

strawberry one and a half cups

ice cream one teaspoon

Do you know how to make a fruit milk shake? If you don’t know, let me tell you. First, you have to peel a 1.___________ and cut it up. Next, cut the 2._________ into pieces. We need 3._________ of them. Then you have to put the 4._________, 5._______ and 6.________ of apple juice into the blender. Then 7._______ the blender for about five minutes. Finally, you can pour

the mixture (混合物) into the glass and enjoy it. You can put 8._________ ice cream into the blender after you put apple juice into it.

Self Check

知能新视窗

本节主要复习动词及短语动词的用法,复习祈使句的结构及用法。了解食物的制作过程,并学习写出操作过程。

名师开小灶

1. I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。

本句表示请求,need也可以用want,但二者是有区别的。

(1) 两者都可以表示“需要,要”,后面接名词、代词或数词。如:

He needs / wants some more water. 他需要多喝水。

(2)两者后都可接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,或直接用不定式的被动形式。如:The desk needs / wants repairing. 这张桌子需要修理。

(3) need可以用作情态动词,而want不可以。如:

You needn’t put every sentence into Chinese. 你不必把每句话都译成汉语。

(4) want可以接复合宾语,need则不可以。

He wanted you to ring him up. 他想要你打电话给他。

(5) help的用法:

①作名词时是不可数名词,意思是“帮助”。如:

Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。

②作动词时是及物动词,意思是“帮助”。如:

Don’t worry. I can help you. 别担心,我能帮助你。

【链接】与help有关的短语:

help oneself (to)…请随便……th one’s help 在某人的帮助下

help sb. with sht. 帮助某人某事help sb (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

2. First, check you have all the ingredients. 首先,检查你所有的原料。

(1) check 作动词,意思是“检查,检验,核对”。后可直接接名词、代词作宾语,也可接宾语从句。如:

Check your answer, please. 请核对你们的答案。

You should check whether you have answered all the questions. 你应该检查你是否答完了所有题。

(2) ingredient是可数名词,意为“原料,材料”.

(3) all在此作形容词,用于修饰不可数名词或复数名词,一般放在定冠词the、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之前。如:

He ate all his vegetables. 他把蔬菜都吃完了。

We walked all the way. 我们一路上都是步行。

【拓展】①all作代词,意为“全部,全体”,反义词是none。在句子中作同位语时可位于系动词be、情态动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前。如:

All of us are going to see the game. 我们都去看比赛。

That’s all. 完了。

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