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(重要)新目标八年级上册英语第二单元

(重要)新目标八年级上册英语第二单元
(重要)新目标八年级上册英语第二单元

八年级上册英语第二单元知识点归纳

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

一.词组,短语:

1、help with housework

2、go shopping

3、on weekends

4、how often

5、hardly ever

6、once a week

7、twice a month 8、go to the movies

9、every day 10、use the Internet

11、be free 12、have dance and piano lessons

13、swing dance 14、play tennis

15、stay up late 16、at least

17、go to bed early 18、play sports

19、be good for 20、go camping

21、in one’s free time 22、not…、at all

23、the most popular 24、such as

25、go to the dentist 26、more than

27、Old habits die hard 28、hard=difficult

29、less than

二.习惯用法,固定搭配:

1、help sb、with sth

2、How about+n、/v、ing?=What about…?

3、want sb、to do sth、

4、How many +

5、主语+ find+ that

6、It’s + adj、+ to do sth、

7、spend time with sb、

8、ask sb、about sth、

9、by doing sth、

10、What’s your favorite…、、?

11 start doing sth、

12、the best way to do sth、

13、leave for…

三.知识精讲:

1.How often do you exercise?您多久锻炼一次?

【解析】本句就是含有特殊疑问词how often 得特殊疑问句。

how often 多久一次,用于对动作发生得频率进行提问。回答应该就是频度副词或表示频率得词组,如always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly,ever,never,every day,once a week,three times a day 等。

Eg、—How often do you go to the movies?您多久去瞧一次电影?

—Once a week、一周一次。

how often: 多久一次,用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作得次数,答语有never, sometimes, often, usually, always, three times a year等。

how long: 多长时间,用来对“for + 一段时间”提问,强调时间得延续,其谓语

动词应为延续性动词;此外,还可用于询问物体得长度。

how soon: 需要多长时间,过多久才……对“in+一段时间“提问,答语有in a week/

month/ year 等。

how far :多远,用来询问距离,答语常用“数字 + miles/ kilometers”等。

2.What do you usually do on weekends ? 您在周末做什么?

We often clean the classroom every day

( )I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future 、

A 、 sometimes

B 、 some times

C 、 sometime

D 、 some time

for our school

newspaper?

—Sometimes 、

A、How long

B、How often

C、How much

D、How far

( ) The teachers never arrive late for work from Monday to Friday、

A、on weekdays

B、on weekends

C、every day

D、five times a week、

辨析:sometimes ,some times ,sometime ,some time

sometimes 就是频度副词,意为“有时;间或”,表示动作发生得频率,相当于at times提问。常用于一般现在时与一般过去时。提问用how often

some times 就是名词短语,意为“几倍、几次”。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解;表示“时间”时就是不可数名词。How mang times

sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来得某个时候。提问用when

some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。

口诀记忆:分开“一段时间” ;相聚“某个时候”。

Eg:Sometimes I get up very late、有时我起床很晚。

I will go to shanghai sometime next week、下周某个时候我要去上海。

He reads the story some times、她读这个故事几遍了。

I’ll stay here for some time、我将会在这儿呆一段时间。

练习:

①We plan to stay in Hainan for 、我们打算在海南呆一段时间。

②I am sure that we have met before、我肯定我们之前见过几次了。

③I have letters from him、有时我会收到她得来信。

3、Hardly ever几乎从不

◆It’s hard/difficult for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说就是困难得

It’s hard for us ____________(finish) the work without other’s help、

I can hardly believe it、

( )It’s raining ____ 、People can _____ go out、

A、hard; hardly

B、hardly; hard

C、hard ; hard

D、hardly ; hardly

【注】形容雨雪下得大用hard/heavy

辨析:hardly 与hard

hardly 几乎不,一般位于动词之前。hard 努力,位于动词之后。

eg:He hardly works、她几乎不工作。He works hard、她工作努力。

4、What’s your favorite program?您最喜欢得节目就是什么?

句型:What’s your favorite、、、?=What、、、do you like best?您最喜欢得、、、、、、就是什么?

1、What’s your favorite animal?您最喜欢得动物就是什么?= ________________________________________

5、twice a week一周两次

【解析】英语中,once表示“一次”,twice表示“两次”,从“三次”起用“基数词+times”表示次数。three times三次,five times五次。

7.I go to the movies maybe once a month、我可能一月去瞧电影一次。

【解析】maybe adv、大概;或许;可能

Eg、Maybe that man is a police man、或许那人就是警察。

maybe 副词,意为“或许;大概”,常

位于句首表推测。

Maybe he is at Jim's home、

或许她在吉姆家。

may be 由情态动词may与be构成,

意为“可能就是、也许就是”,

在句中作谓语。

He may be right、

她可能就是对得。

【解析1】go to the movies = go to the cinema = see the film 去瞧电影

【解析2】maybe/may be辨析:

(1)maybe =perhaps adv也许,可能,表示推测,通常用于句首,在句中作状语。

( )______ Li Hua wants to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei、

A、May be

B、May

C、Also

D、Maybe

(2)may be 就是“情态动词may +动词原形be”, 或许,可能就是,也表示推测,在句中作谓语。可以与maybe 互换。

Tom’s pen may be in his backpack、

=Maybe Tom’s pen is in his backpack

【江苏南通】Now all of us exercise at ____ least ____ hour a day in and outside school、

A、the ; a

B、a; an

C、/; a

D、/; an

8.He plays at least twice a week、她至少一周踢(足球) 两次。

【解析】least adv、最小;最少adj、& pron、最少得;最小得,它就是little得最高级。

Eg、He has least money of all of us、在我们所有人中她得钱最少。

She works least、她工作最少。

We have least time、我们时间最少。

at least 至少;不少于;起码,其反义短语为:at most 至多

9、On Wednesday and Friday、在周三与周五

【解析】介词at/ in /on /for表示时间:

1)at、表示某一具体时间点,某一时刻/ 年龄

at six o’clock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night 2)in表示时间段,一天得三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生得某个时期(某人几十岁时)

In the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March

in the twenty-first century in his fifties

3)on表示星期几/某一具体得日子/具体某天得上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中得三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时、

g、At least he should say thanks、她至少应该说声谢谢。

10、频度副词、

【解析】频度副词表示经常性得动作或情况,常与一般现在时连用,表示现在经常或反复发生得动作,按其频率发生得高低分别就是:always 总就是;usually 通常;often 经常;sometimes 有时;hardly ever 几乎不;never 从不。对这些频度副词进行提问时,用特殊疑问词how often,意为“多久一次”。

Eg、They always go to the park by bus、她们总就是乘公共汽车去公园。

Kate is often late for school、凯特经常上学迟到。

I sometimes_watch TV programs、(对画线部分提问)

How often do you watch TV programs? 您多久瞧一次电视节目?

11、How many hours do you sleep every night?您每天晚上睡几个小时?

【解析】how many 与how much

how many与how much都可以表示“多少”,但how many后接可数名词复数,而how much后接不可数名词。

Eg、How many girls can you see? 您能瞧见多少个女孩?

How much milk do you want? 您想要多少牛奶?

词语词义用法答语特征

how long 多久询问时间多久for/about+一段时间

12、Last month we aske d our students about their free time activities、

我们向学生询问了她们业余活动得情况。

ask sb、about sth、“询问某人关于某事”

Eg:I asked my teacher about today’s homework、____________________________________。

My friend is _______________(active)、

14、Although many students like to watch sports,game shows are the most popular、尽管许多学生喜欢瞧运动类节目,但游戏类节目就是最受欢迎得。although 连词。意为“虽然,尽管”。but 意为“但就是”。英语中,although与but 不能同时使用。

Eg:Although it rained,the boys still played outside、

= It rained,but the boys still played outside、尽管天下雨了,但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。

1、My cousin knows a lot about geography,he is only four years old、

A、because

B、so

C、although

15、It's good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows,but we think the best way to relax is through exercise、尽管通过上网或观瞧游戏节目对放松很有好处,但就是我们认为锻炼就是最好得放松方式。

【解析】这就是一个“It’s+adj++to do sth、”得句型结构,意为“做某事就是…、、”。其中it就是形式主语,真正主语就是动词不定式to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows;

It’s+adj+(for sb、)+to do sth、意为“(对某人来说)做某事就是……得”。

该句中得形容词用于描述事物得特征,表客观情况,如difficult(困难得),hard(困难得),easy(容易得)

Eg:It’s very important to listen carefully in class、上课认真听讲很重要。

It’s easy for us to swim、对我们来说游泳很容易。

By在此处表示方式、方法、手段,意为“凭借;靠;用;通过”。其后通常接名词或动名词,作方式状语,可放在句首也可放在句末。

By作为介词用法:by+交通工具乘…、by+时间在…、之前,到…、为止by+地点在…、、旁边;靠近…、、

16、Although many students like to watch sports、虽然许多学生喜欢瞧体育节目

【解析】although=though conj 虽然,即使;不能与but 连用,引导让步状语从句

( )①_____ he isn’t rich enough,he often gives away money to some poor children、

A、Though

B、When

C、Because

D、If ( )②____ he is very tried, he still tries ______、A、Because ; work B、Because; to work C、Although; working D、Although ;to work

17、Exercise such as playing sports is fun,and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together、像参加体育运动这样得锻炼就是有趣得,并且您可以与您得朋友与家人一起花费时间进行锻炼。

【解析】such as 例如;像……这样表示举例,相当于like。

Eg、I like animals such as cats and dogs、我喜欢动物,像猫与狗。

such as结构既可表示为“名词+such as+例子”,也可表示为“such+名词+as+例子”。

Eg、I enjoy songs such as this one、=I enjoy such songs as this one、我喜欢像这首歌一样得歌。

and swimming、

He didn’t spend much time on his homework、她没在作业方面花很多时间。

I spend 200 yuan on a new coat、____________________________________

②spend time\money (in)doing sth、花费时间或金钱做某事

Don’t spend too much time watching TV、不要花费太多时间瞧电视。

He always spend his time playing football、________________________________ Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I can’t too much time that、

A、take, doing

B、spend, doing \

C、spend, for doing

D、take, to do 18.And remember,“old habits die hard”.请记住:“旧习惯就是很难摈弃得”。【解析】die v、消失;消灭;死亡

(1)作“死亡”讲,就是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,强调动作,就是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间得状语连用。

Eg、His grandfather died five years ago、她祖父五年前去世得。

(2)die可以用于进行时态,表示“即将死去,奄奄一息”。

Eg、He is dying、她快要死了。

dead 死得,就是die得形容词形式。可作表语或定语。作表语时,表示状态。

Eg、His dog has been dead for two weeks、她得狗已死了两周了。

death 死亡,就是die得名词形式。

Eg、His mother's death made him very sad、她母亲得去世使她非常难过。

20、She says she is afraid、她说她害怕。

__【解析】afraid adj “担心得,害怕得”

①、be afraid to do sth害怕做某事,(强调主观上得原因不去做)Eg:I am afraid to travel by plane、我害怕乘飞机旅行。

②、be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事(强调为担心出现得状况或结果,就是客观造成得而不敢去做)Don’t be afraid of asking questions、不要怕问问题。be afraid of sb、\ sth、害怕某人\某物Eg:She is afraid of the dog、她害怕

那只狗。

be afraid to do sth、= 害怕做某事语法归纳

频度副词

1.概念

频度副词就是用来表示动作发生频率得词,常用来表示不确定时间,主要包括always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never等,如果表示具体频度次数,可采用次数加单位时间。例如:

once a week 一周一次

twice a month 每月两次

如:He hardly never exercises、她几乎从不锻炼。

注意:表示具体得次数、频率时,一次用once,两次用twice,三次及以上用“基数词+times”表示。

如:I play soccer twice a week、我每周踢两次足球。

She watches TV four times a week、她每周瞧四次电视。

2、在句中得位置。

1)一般放在实义动词前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。

如:We never eat junk food、我们从来不吃垃圾食品。

I can hardly say a word、我几乎说不出一句话来。

He is sometimes very busy、她有时很忙。

2)有些频度副词也可位于句首,但表示不同得含义

①simetimes常用于句首,与位于句中区别不大。

如:Sometimes Jack plays computer games、

②often用于句首时,通常表示强调,且其前一般有quite,very修饰。

如:Very often he goes online、她上网很经常。

③usually有时也可用于句首,其前不用修饰语。

如:Usually my father gets up early、

④always一般不用于句首,但可用于祈使句中。

如:Always remember this、请时刻记住这一点。

3)对频度副词提问时,用特殊疑问词how often。

如:--How often do you exerxise?

--Hardly ever、几乎从不。

2017年新目标英语八年级上教案(全册)

(此文档为word格式,下载后您可任意编辑修改!) Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Section A 1 (1a-2d) 一、教学目标: 1. 语言知识目标: 1) 能掌握以下单词:anyone, anywhere, wonderful, quite a few, most, something, nothing, everyone, of course, myself, yourself 能掌握以下句型: ①—Where did you go on vacation? —I went to the mountains. ②—Where did Tina to on vacation? —She went to the beach. ③—Did you go with anyone? —Yes, I did.No, I didn’t. 2) 能了解以下语法: —复合不定代词someone, anyone, something, anything等的用法。—yourself, myself等反身代词的用法。 3)一般过去时态的特殊疑问句,一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答。 2. 情感态度价值观目标: 学会用一般过去时进行信息交流,培养学生的环保意识,热爱大自然。 二、教学重难点 1. 教学重点: 1) 用所学的功能语言交流假期去了什么旅行。 2) 掌握本课时出现的新词汇。 2. 教学难点: 1) 复合不定代词someone, anyone, something, anything等的用法。

2) yourself, myself等反身代词的用法。 三、教学过程 Ⅰ. Lead-in 1. 看动画片来进入本课时的主题谈论上周末做了些什么事情,谈论过去发生的事情。 Ⅱ. Presentation 1. Show some pictures on the big screen. Let Ss read the expressions. 2. Focus attention on the picture. Ask: What can you see? Say: Each picture shows something a person did in the past. Name each activity and ask students to repeat: Stayed at the screen. Say: Look at the picture A. Where did Tina go on vacation? She went to mountains. Ask: What did the person do in each picture? 2. Play the recording the first time. 3. Play the recording a second time. Say: There are three conversations. The people talk about what did on vacation. Listen to the recording and write numbers of the names in the right boxes of the picture. 4. Check the answers. IV.Pair work 1. Point out the sample conversation. Ask two Ss to read the conversation to the class. 2. Now work with a partner. Make your own conversation about the people

人教版新目标八年级上册英语单词

八年级上学期单词表 Unit l how often 多久一次 exercise v.&n.锻炼;运动 skateboard v.踩滑板;参加滑板运动 hardly adv. 几乎不;几乎没有 ever adv. 曾;曾经 shop v.购物 once adv. 一次 twice adv. 两次;两倍 time n.(c) 次;次数 surf v.在激浪上驾(船);在……冲浪 Internet n. 网络;互联网 program n. 节目单;(电脑)程序 high school (美)中学;(英)公历中等学校 most adj.大多数的;大部分的 no adj.没有的;全无的 result n. 结果;成果 active adj.活跃的;积极的 for prep.对于;关于;在……方面;就……而言 as for 至于;关于 about adv.约摸;几乎 junk n. 废弃的旧物;破烂物 junk food 垃圾食品 milk n. 牛奶 coffee n.咖啡 chip n.(食物等的)薄片 cola n.可乐 chocolate n.巧克力 drink v.喝;饮 health n.健康;健康状况 how many 多少 interviewer n. 采访者 habit n. 习惯;习性 try v.试图;想要;设法;努力 of course 当然;自然 look after 照顾;照看 lifestyle n.生活方式 grade n.分数;成绩;年级 better adj.(good和well的比较级)更好的;更使人满意的same adj.同样的;相同的 as prep.(表示比较)像……(一样) different adj.差异的;不同的

人教版新目标八年级上册英语知识点全册

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