化学专业英语试卷
学号：姓名：成绩: 一：把下列单词或词组译成英文（本题共30 分，每小题 1 分）
1. Ni(ClO4)2 nickel perchlorate
3. FeCl2 iron(2)chloride
5. Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate
7. MnO2 manganese dioxide
9. N2O3 dinatrogen trioxide
11. NaClO sodium hypochloride
13. P2O5 diphosphorous pentaoxide
15. KMnO4 patassium permangate
17. 盐酸hydrochloric acid
19. KCN patassium cyanide
21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷5-methyl-4-propylnonaane
23. 四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride
25. 中和neutralize
27. 比热容specific heat capacity
29. 酸酐anhytride 2. CuSO4 copper sulfate
4. CoCO3 cobalt carbate
6. Ca(C2H3O2)2 calcium acetate
8. H2SO4
10. 六氰合铁（Ⅱ）酸钾
12. Ag2SO3 sliver sulfite
14. 草酸铅lead cyanate
16. Zn(OH)2 zinc hydroxide
18. 磷酸根phosphate
20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷
2,3-dimethylpentane
22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷2,3,7-trimethyl-5-ethyloctane 24. 石蕊试纸litmus paper 26. 滴定titration
28. 非电解质electrolyte
30. 配位化合物complex compound
三. 把下列短文译成汉语（本题共40 分，每小题10 分）
1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldn’t be able to travel because there would be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fight disease.
没有化学反应我们的生活将会大变样,化学就在我们周围。没有化学生活会是什么样子——没有塑料,,家里没有电,也没有防护漆。不会给我们合成纤维,没有化肥帮助我们生产足够的食物。我们不能旅行,因为不会有金属、橡胶或燃料汽车、船只和飞机。我们的生活将会大大改变了没有电话、收音机、电视或电脑,所有这些依赖化学生产的部分。没有药物来抵抗疾病，预期寿命将低得多。
2．The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale — that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules — can be understood in terms of a set of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of