Key to Unit 4
Text comprehension
IV.Explain in your own words the following sentences.
1.David and I felt so young and healthy that we couldn't believe we would fall victim to any
disease before the word AIDS appeared in my life.
2.We didn't spend as much time together as before.
3.I asked him face to face to explain why we were not friends any more.
4.I couldn't go away from him when he needed me badly.
5.I was unable to control any more the strong emotions which I had been trying to hold back
until this moment.
Vocabulary
I.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.
1.having a very enjoyable and exciting time
2.disconnected and refused to take my phone call
3.go away from or refuse to be with
4.didn't give up, still taking him to be my best friend as before
5.experience so much pain and stress
6.endure all the pain and sorrow by myself
II.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.
1.invincible
2.stress
3.confront
4.keep up
5.marking
6.blame
7.pushing aside
8.emotional
9.positive
10.recognized
III.Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.
1-4 B C A C 5-8 D D D A
IV. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in its appropriate form and note the differences in meaning between them.
1.(Careless is used when people do not pay enough attention to what they are doing, so they
make mistakes, or cause harm or damage, while carefree refers to a person or a period of time that does not involve any problems, worries, or responsibilities.)
a.carefree
b.careless
c.careless
d.carefree
2.(Both words can refer to suffering from a disease or a health problem. In this sense, sick can
often be used as attributive in front of a noun. When ill is used as attributive, it often refers to something harmful or unpleasant. Sick can also mean "going to vomit," so it can be confusing to say "I'm sick." Sick is sometimes used to talk about a dislike from too much of something.)
a.sick c. ill
b.sick d. ill
3.(Disease refers to any kind of bad health or is an illness that affects people, animals or plants.
It does not have any implications as to whether the sickness is acute or chronic, mild or harsh, or long or short in duration. Plague specifically refers to a very infectious disease that spreads quickly over a wide area and kills large numbers of people.)
a.disease c. disease
b.plague d. plague
4.(Keep, among its many different uses, can mean "cause something or somebody to continue
to do something," or "have without the need of returning." Maintain means "continue to have something and do not let it stop or grow weaker," or "keep something in good condition by regularly checking it and repairing it when necessary.")
a.keep c. maintain
b.keep d. maintain
V.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.
1.tighten (intensify, enhance)
2.unhappy (wretched, miserable, cheerless)
3.quickly (rapidly, swiftly)
4.negative (doubtful, pessimistic, uncertain)
5.benefit (profit, advantage)
6.gain (increase, gather)
7.cautious (alert, watchful)
8.beginning (start, commencement)
VI.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized word in brackets.
1.unfavourable
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0214319381.html,anisation
3.worthless
4.imperfect
5.strengthening
6.ashamed
7.gratitude
8.youth
Grammar
I. Put in any, each, every, some or one of their compounds.
1. every (We use “each” when we talk about people or things as individuals and we use “every”when we think of them as a group.)
2. everything
3. anywhere (“Anywhere” in an affirmative sentence means “in any place; no matter where”)
4. everyday
5. somehow; anything
6. anyone; someone
7. some
8. somewhere
II. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.
(The nouns in the underlined parts are all normally uncountable, but they are used as countable nouns here.)
1. a kind of seriousness
2. a kind of devotion
3.people that cause joy
4.the water of the stated river
5. a kind of zeal
6.many kinds of tea
7.something that distracted
8.something that made him disappointed
III. Choose the best answer.
1-4 C C B C 5-8 DACB
IV. Insert suitable prepositions in the following sentences.
1.in
2.since
3.behind
4.in; by
5.in ("Deal in" means "buy and sell.")
6.to; for
7.by; for; by; in/under; of
8.by; of; in; around
9.to; in; with; on; in
10.under ("Under the weather" means "slightly unwell or in low spirits.")
V. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.
1.√(We use "between" when we talk about comparisons.)
2.above →over (We use "over," not "above," when we say that something covers something
else and is in contact with it.)
3.under →below (We use "below" when one thing is not directly under the other.)
4.through →across
5.√("Over the hill" means "too old.")
6.on →in
7.√
8.in →at
Translation
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. We were in different classes, so we didn't hang out as much.
我们分在不同的班级，所以就不再那么经常厮混在一起了。
2. People looked at him as if he had a plague, and our friends from school wanted nothing to do with him.
人们看他的眼神，就好像他得了瘟疫，学校里的那些朋友都不想与他交往。
3. I was being treated this way because teenagers are not used to dealing with situations like this, and don't know how to react.
我遭到这样的待遇，是因为十几岁的孩子们还不习惯处理这样的情况，也不知道怎么应对。
4. Towards the end of May he became so sick that the hospital staff had a bubble around him, so he wouldn't catch our bad germs.
快到五月底时，他病情加重，医生用个透明的塑料罩子把他给围了起来，以防他受到我们身上有害细菌的侵害。
II. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 这是为增强我们的竞争能力所作的尝试。(strengthen)
It is an attempt made to strengthen our competitive ability.
2. 这个地区的警察知道那些小偷经常出没于哪些地方。(hang out)
The police in this district know where the thieves hang out.
3. 这些签署的协议将冲破对自由贸易设置的所有障碍。(break down)
The agreements signed will break down all the barriers to free trade.
4. 那是一种非常困难的局势，但他应付得很成功。(handle)
It was a very difficult situation, but he handled it very successfully.
5. 他是我最好的朋友。既然他需要我的帮助，我可不能对他置之不理。(turn one's back on)
He is my best friend. I just can't turn my back on him now that he needs my help.
6. 只要你努力工作，你迟早一定会获得成功，实现自己的抱负。(sooner or later)
So long as you work hard, you are bound to succeed and realize your ambition sooner or later.
7. 虽然他讨厌这工作，但他决心坚持干下去，因为他需要钱来养家。(stick it out)
Although he hates the job, yet he is determined to stick it out because he needs the money to support his family.
8. 那位癌症病人对疾病始终抱乐观的态度，坚持与疾病作斗争，最后终于战胜了癌症。(keep an attitude)
That cancer patient kept an optimistic attitude towards his disease, persisted in combating it, and conquered it in the end.
9. 这所大学拥有教职工2 000多人，其中包括150名左右教授和500余名副教授。(have a staff)
This university has a staff of more than 2,000, including about 150 professors and over 500 associate professors.
10. 举办这场音乐会是为了纪念这位作曲家逝世75周年。(mark)
The concert was held to mark the 75th anniversary of the composer’s death.
Integrated skills
I. Dictation
One of the world's most deadly health problems / is spreading to new places. / The problem is heart disease / and it is affecting more and more people / in developing nations. / For years / heart disease has been the number one cause of death / in most industrial nations. / The disease has claimed more lives / than cancer or accidents. / Now the WHO has warned that / heart disease is increasing rapidly / in almost every developing nation. / Why is this happening? / One reason is that / people in developing nations / are living longer. / Another reason is that / many people have changed the way they live. / They now eat more fat and salt / and fewer fruits and vegetables.
II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.
1)spread
2)out
3)return
4)cure
5)likely
6)unfortunate
7)about
8)tend
9)because
10)how
Writing
Combine the following sentences with appropriate correlative conjunctions.
1. Violence as a way of achieving racial justice is impractical. Violence as a way of achieving racial justice is immoral, too.
Violence as a way of achieving racial justice is both impractical and immoral.
2. Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety do not deserve liberty. Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety do not deserve safety, either.
Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.
3. The man of knowledge must be able to love his enemies. The man of knowledge must be able to hate his friends.
The man of knowledge must be able to not only love his enemies but also to hate his friends.
4. Education is not the filling of a pail. Education is the lighting of a fire.
Education is not the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire.
5. You can decide to stay in the shallow end of the pool. You can decide to go out in the ocean.
You can decide to either stay in the shallow end of the pool or go out in the ocean.
6. That you win this race doesn't matter. That you lose this race doesn't matter, either.
Whether you win or lose this race doesn't matter.
7. The one who criticizes you more is not your enemy. The one who criticizes you more is your friend.
The one who criticizes you more is not your enemy but your friend.
8. You can wait for the opportunities to come. You can find opportunities yourself.
You can either wait for the opportunities to come or find opportunities yourself.
9. Bureaucrats write memos because they appear to be busy when they are writing. Bureaucrats write memos because the memos, once written, immediately become proof that they were busy.
Bureaucrats write memos both because they appear to be busy when they are writing and because the memos, once written, immediately become proof that they were busy.
10. Don't underestimate the power to change yourself. Don't overestimate your power to change others.
Neither underestimate the power to change yourself nor overestimate your power to change others.
Listening
Telephone Messages
Patient 1
NAME Robert
ADDRESS Flat 6; 208
TEL.NO. 2266071
PROBLEM High temperature; large spots
ACTION TAKEN phone back
Patient 2
NAME James
ADDRESS 17 London Road
TEL.NO. 8595249
PROBLEM Broken arm
ACTION TAKEN sister's
Patient 3
NAME May
ADDRESS 16; Drive
PROBLEM Heart attack
ACTION TAKEN an ambulance