《大学英语4》综合复习资料
I. Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
In the United States, when people attain legal marriage age and meet certain medical requirements, they are free to choose their own mates. Once a couple has decided to get married, the man customarily gives the girl a diamond ring. The use of a ring comes from the ancient custom of using a ring to settle an important agreement. When the wedding day is decided upon, the girl sends wedding announcements or invitation to friends and relatives.
On the wedding day it is supposed to be bad luck for the bride and bride-groom to see each other before the wedding. Another old custom that many people believe will bring good luck to the marriage is for the bride to wear "something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue".
Before the wedding day the bridegroom always chooses a "best man", a good friend to help him and stand beside him during the wedding ceremony. The idea of having a best man originated from the belief that evil spirits, envious of the couple's happiness, would be out to harm them, but would be confused by so many similarly dressed people. The custom of the best man goes back to the ancient days when a strong friend helped the bridegroom escape from the bride's friends. Bells were originally rung at weddings to frighten away the evil spirits, and noisy celebrations were held beforehand to try and drive them from the community.
When a couple gets married, the groom gives his bride a wedding ring. Many marriages are double-ring ceremonies —that is, the bride and the groom exchange rings. The wedding ring is customarily a simple plain gold band. The roundness of the ring symbolizes eternity and announces that the couple is untied for life. The wedding ring is worn on the third finger of the left hand. People believe that a vein from the third finger runs directly to the heart.
Near the end of the reception, which is offered by the bride's parents,the bride throws her bunch of flowers to the unmarried women. The lucky girl who catches it is supposed to be the next one to get married.
1. People can get married when____________.
A. they arrive legal age
B. they have a baby
C. they meet certain medical requirements
D. both A and C
2. Which of the following can bring the marriage good luck?
A. The bride and groom have a date on the previous night of the wedding ceremony.
B. The groom finds a lot of handsome best men to stand beside him at the ceremony.
C. The bride throws her bunch of flowers to the unmarried women.
D. The bride wears "something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue".
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the "best man" is not true?
A. The best man should be a good friend to help the groom and stand beside him during the wedding ceremony.
B. The best man was originally used to confuse the evil spirits with the many similarly dressed people.
C. The best man is the person who should ring the bells at the wedding ceremony to frighten away the evil spirits.
D. The best man in ancient days should be strong enough to help the bridegroom escape from the bride's friends.
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the wedding ring is not true?
A. The roundness of the wedding ring means that the marriage will last for ever.
B. The roundness of the wedding ring shows that the couple is united for life.
C. The wedding ring is usually worn on the third finger of the right hand.
D. The wedding ring is usually a simple plain gold band.
5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. The Tradition of Wedding Ring.
B. The Best Man and the Wedding Ceremony.
C. Good Luck at the Wedding Ceremony.
D. Wedding Customs and Traditions.
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
A third of Britons are overweight, states a report published in January by the Royal College of Physicians, the result of an 18-month-long study. About five percent of children weigh too much, and are likely to stay that way for life; in the mid-twenties age group the proportion of fat people rises to a third, and of the middle-aged population half are overweight.
Fat people risk severe health problems, says the report, including high blood pressure, breathlessness, and various forms of heart disease. Smoking is particularly risk for overweight people.
The safest way to lose weight is to eat cereals, bread, fruit and vegetable, and cut down on fatty meats, butter and sweet foods. Fat diet do far more harm than good: slimming machines that vibrate muscles have not been proved useful; saunas（桑拿浴）merely remove a little body water, and health farms, says the report, serve as expensive holidays.
Exercise is most important to health, the report emphasizes; though it doesn’t necessarily reduce weight, it maintain s the correct proportion of body fat to body muscle. And it isn’t only for the young. From middle age a minimum of 20 minutes of gentle physical jerks should be practiced three times a weeks.
The report advocates several public health measures to combat the high prevalence of overweight in this country. They include an increase of tax on alcohol to reduce its increasingly and dangerously fattening consumption; and the provision of more sports facilities by local authorities. Britain’s doctors, the report concludes, must learn to be more sympathetic and specific in their advice to the overweight, encouraging a change in eating habits on a long-term basis, and taking into account the many—often complex—reasons why fat people are fat.
6. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How to Avoid Getting Overweight
B. Britons’ Overweight Problem
C. The Cause of Briton’s Overweight
D. The Relations Between Overweight and Health
7. What does the report in the passage think of exercise?
A. It is a way to reduce weight.
B. It is a sure way to keep one healthy.
C. It sometimes increases weight.
D. It can convert fat to muscle.
8. Which of the following statements is true according to the report mentioned in the passage?
A. Fat diets are effective in reducing weight.
B. A person is likely to stay fat for the whole of his life if he is born fat.
C. To reduce fatty meats, butter and sweet food is a good way to lose weight.
D. Blood pressure has little to do with overweight.
9. The report points out that drinking too much alcohol ___________.
A. will also cause one to get overweight
B. will make one forget the fact that he is fat
C. will lead one to bad eating habits
D. will cause one to do less sports
10. The Briton’s doctors should ___________ when treating the overweight.
A. first consider why so many people are fat
B. encourage a long-term diet for everyone
C. be more considerate and give detailed advice
D. do all of the above mentioned
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 16 are based on the following passage.
Cecil B. DeMille was a very famous and successful motion picture businessman among Hollywood's movie pioneers. He was born in Ashfield, Massachusetts in 1881. Both his parents were writers of plays. His father died when he was twelve years old. His mother kept the family together by establishing a theater company. Cecil joined the company as an actor. He continued working in his mother's theater company as an actor and a manager until 1913. That year, he joined Jesse L. Lasky and Samuel Goldfish to form the Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company.
The three men started making motion pictures immediately. They loved working in the movie business. They were deeply interested in its creative and financial possibilities. DeMille, Lasky and Goldfish began working on a movie version of the popular American western play, "Squaw Man". DeMille urged that the movie be made in the real American West. He chose Flagstaff, Arizona. DeMille and the company traveled to Flagstaff by train. When they arrived, DeMille thought the area looked too modern. They got back on the train and keep going until they reached the end of the line. They were in a quiet little town in southern California. The town was called Hollywood. DeMille decided this was the perfect place to film the movie.
"Squaw Man" was one of the first full-length movies produced in Hollywood. It was released in 1913 and was an immediate success. DeMille is considered the man who helped Hollywood become the center of the motion picture business. He quickly became a creative force in the new movie industry.
11. What did DeMille's mother do to support the family after his father's death?
A. She wrote a lot of plays and then sold them.
B. She set up a theater company together with other family members.
C. She worked as an actress.
D. She asked her son to manage the company.
12. When was the Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company formed?
A. In 1881.
B. In 1903.
C. In 1913.
D. Not mentioned.
13. Why did DeMille and the company finally choose Hollywood as the perfect place to film the movie?
A. Because Hollywood was the end of the line, and they had no choice.
B. Because Hollywood was modern but quiet.
C. Because Hollywood was very famous at that time.
D. Because Hollywood didn't look so modern as Flagstaff and was fit for filming a western.
14. Which of the following is true about the movie "Squaw Man"?
A. The movie was an immediate success as a full-length western.
B. The movie was taken in Flagstaff, Arizona.
C. The movie described people's life in the wild and was produced in 1913.
D. The movie was the first movie produced in Hollywood.
15. Which of the following is NOT true about Cecil B. DeMille?
A. He was well-known as a pioneer in the movie business.
B. He once was an actor in a theater company.
C. He used to think that Hollywood is not an ideal place to film western movies.
D. He helped Hollywood become the center of the movie industry.
Passage 4
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?
Despite huge differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.
A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.
Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers （变压器）, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more meaningful?
Heroes are catalysts （催化剂）for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated （隔离的）buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to take place without leaders with attractive personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
16. What does the first sentence "Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship." in the first paragraph mean?
A. Many of my generation and I are not strong enough to be heroes.
B. Many of my generation and I are too weak to worship heroes.
C. Many of my generation and I do not worship heroes.
D. Many of my generation and I worship heroes.
17. Which of the following is NOT one of heroes' characteristics?
A. Doing something worth talking about.
B. Having a story of adventure to tell.
C. Listening to the opinions of his community.
D. Serving powers or principles larger than themselves.
18. According to the fourth paragraph, in what sense are heroes like high-voltage
transformers?
A. They instruct and inspire different cultures with their deeds.
B. They set very good examples for ordinary people to follow.
C. Their characteristics give ordinary people strength and confidence.
D. They receive high energy and transform it into heroic action.
19. In which of the following aspects famous people are different from heroes?
A. Heroes go beyond mere fame.
B. Famous people serve only their own fame.
C. They are willing to live different lives.
D. Both A and B.
20. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that____________.
A. heroes quicken the speed of historical changes
B. heroes change possibilities into reality
C. historical changes are impossible without heroes
D. heroes with attractive personalities will certainly bring about large-scale change
Passage 5
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.
And yet, city life isn’t easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, an d the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it’s long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.
One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.
This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we’re crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions o f strangers. In recent years, it’s become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.
21. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A. The city inspires talented people.
B. The city hurts your brain.
C. The city has many pleasures and benefits.
D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.
22. The word ―metropolis‖ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.
A. citizen
B. nature
C. city
D. stress
23. People have just come to realize that_______.
A. human attention is a scarce resource
B. city life can make people very tired
C. the city is an engine of intellectual life
D. an urban environment is damaging to the brain
24. What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly?
A. Nature.
B. Better treatment.
C. Experienced doctors.
D. Good medicine.
25. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an
increase in self-control.
B. Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.
C. For the first time in history, the earth’s population is more urban than rural.
D. A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.
Passage 6
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand "the point". Americans mention it often："Let's get right to the point", "My point is ...","What's the point of all this?"
The "point" is the idea or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, at the center of people's thinking, writing, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to "make their points clear", meaning that they are supposed to write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to express.
People from many other cultures have different ideas about "the point". Africans traditionally tell stories that express the thoughts they have in mind, rather than stating "the point" clearly. Japanese traditionally speak indirectly, leaving the listener to figure out what the point is. Thus, while an American might say to a friend, "I don't think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit", a Japanese might say, "Maybe this other coat would look even better than the one you have on." Americans value a person who "gets right to the point". Japanese are likely to consider such a person insensitive if not rude.
The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity（模糊）. The precision（精确）and directness Americans associate with "the point" cannot be achieved, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to learn a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas if they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.
26 By ―the point‖,Americans mean____________.
A. the idea or information in their mind
B. the most important idea or information
C. what they think, write and speak
D. what they wish to express
27 Compared with people from many other cultures, Americans are____________.
A. direct and honest
B. clear and talkative
C. impolite and rude
D. traditional and silent
28 A typical American seems to be ______to a typical Japanese.
A. sensitive and rude
B. insensitive but not rude
C. sensitive instead of rude
D. insensitive and even rude
29 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. You are expected to state your idea clearly when speaking to an American.
B. Telling stories to express their ideas is a traditional way of Africans.
C. Japanese often imply their disapproval with polite words.
D. Chinese and Japanese languages are hard to understand because they are not clear.
30 A conclusion can be made that____________.
A. Americans and Africans cannot communicate satisfactorily
B. Africans and Japanese cannot communicate satisfactorily
C. Misunderstanding may arise when Americans communicate with Chinese
D. Chinese and Japanese will certainly get on well with each other
Passage 7
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the ―Netherlands‖ which means ―low land.‖ Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in ver y rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens.
Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low.
The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take or reclaim land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years.
Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea.
Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods.
31. Water is the main threat to Holland because ____.
A. the sea is too rough
B. the land is lower than the sea
C. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods out
D. the weather is too rough
32. ―Netherlands‖ means ____.
A. high land
B. land of water
C. low land
D. land of dykes
33. Holland is threatened not only by the sea, but also by ____.
A. the floods from broken dykes
B. the three rivers
C. the sea tides
D. many passages the three rivers have cut across the country
34. The Holland claim land from the sea in order to ____.
A. prevent floods
B. make their country larger
C. make their country more beautiful
D. have more farmland
35. If pumps stop working there will be very bad floods because _____.
A. the water will run back at high tide
B. the sea may break the dykes in rough weather
C. the battle against water will never end
D. the land is too low and water can rise up through the drained land
Passage 8
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.
One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents' victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said, ―This wasn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.‖ The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least two years.
The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player propped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.
36. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have____________.
A. created goodwill between the nations
B. bred only false national pride
C. barely showed any international friendship
D. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred
37. What did the manager mean by saying "... Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished."?
A. His team would no longer take part in the international games.
B. Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions.
C. There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation.
D. The Federation should be dissolved.
38. The basketball example implied that____________.
A. too much patriotism was displayed in the incident
B. the announcement to prolong the match was wrong
C. the appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decision
D. the American team was right in rejecting the silver medals
39. The author gives the two examples in paragraph 2 and 3 to show____________.
A. how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games
B. that sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to be
C. that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendship
D. that unfair decisions are common in Olympic Games
40. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
A. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.
B. Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games.
C. Sport should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game.
D. International contests are liable for misunderstanding between nations.
II. Vocabulary and Structure
1. You can't imagine ____________when they received these gifts.
A. how they were excited
B. how excited they were
C. how excited they have
D. they were how excited
2 _____by a large audience, he felt very nervous and didn't know what to say.
A. Watching
B. Watch
C. Watched
D. Having watched
3. It makes no difference to me ____________he will come or not.
A. how
B. why
C. when
D. whether
4. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ____________after 11 o'clock at night.
A. were not played
B. not to play
C. not be played
D. did not play
5. The International Studies University, ____________in 1951, is a military academy.
A. founded
B. has been founded
C. to have been founded
D. was founded
6. I'm very grateful for your help and hope to do something for you _____ in the future.
A. in exchange
B. instead
C. in return
D. in particular
7. ____________the 1500's____________the first Europeans explored the coast of California.
A. It was not until ... when
B. It is until ... that
C. It is not until ... when
D. It was not until ... that
8. By the end of last week 611 people from 49 countries _____________ to attend the meeting, with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain.
A. had registered
B. have registered
C. registered
D. were registered
9. I'd rather you ____________make any comment on the issue for the time being.
A. don't
B. wouldn't
C. shouldn't
D. didn't
10. _______, he failed in the college entrance examination again.
A. To disappoint his parents
B. To his parents’ disappointment
B. At his parents’ disapproval D. His parents’ disappointing
11. I can't do my homework with all this noise____________.
A. is going on
B. to go on
C. gone on
D. going on
12. I’m not used to ______ in that impolite way.
A. speaking
B. being spoken
C. spoken
D. be spoken
13. Liu Fang studies much better than _______student in his class.
A. any
B. any other
C. the other
D. other
14. You screamed in your sleep last night. You _____ a terrible dream.
A. must have had
B. must have
C. must had had
D. must have been
15. There used to be some trees by the lake, ____________?
A. was there
B. were there
C. weren't there
D. wasn't there
16. However much _____, it will be worth the money.
A. the dictionary costs
B. costs the dictionary
C. the dictionary will cost
D. does the dictionary cost
17. If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we _____ at the airport.
A. will see her off
B. would have seen her off
C. would see her off
D. must have seen her off
18. I don’t care _____ or not she will apologize to me.
A. if
B. whether
C. what
D. which
19. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____obtaining water is not the least.
A. of which
B. for what
C. as
D. whose
20. If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we _____ at the airport.
A. will see her off
B. would have seen her off
C. would see her off
D. must have seen her off
21. I can ____you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you needn't worry about them.
A. suppose
B. assume
C. assure
D. grant
22. Many buildings ________ knocked down by the earthquake.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
23. Our school-run factory ______ various kinds of chemical devices last year.
A. turned into
B. turned up
C. turned out
D. turned off
24. Al’s doctor insists _____ for a few days.
A. that he is resting
B. him to rest
C. his resting
D. that he rest
25. You screamed in your sleep last night. You ________ a terrible dream.
A. must have had
B. must have
C. must have had
D. must have been
26. There wasn’t much snow last winter so people couldn’t go ____ except in the mountains.
A. skiing
B. skied
C. to ski
D. having skied
27. The teacher should not confront his pupils ________ too much information in one lesson.
A. by
B. with
C. from
D. about
28. —Did Charles vote in the last election?
—No, he wasn’t .
A. enough old then
B. then enough old
C. old then enough
D. old enough then
29. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded_____ other more well-informed experimenters failed.
A. as
B. unless
C. what
D. where
30. Every boy and girl ________ not to swim in the lake, for it is polluted.
A. has been warned
B. have been warned
C. has warned
D. have warned
31. There is no ______ in applying for that job as you are not properly qualified.
A. reason
B. point
C. result
D. chance
32. Harmonious marriage, however, does not necessarily ________ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.
A. take over
B. result in
C. hold on
D. keep to
33. She heard a terrible noise, ________ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it
B. this
C. which
D. that
34. However much ________, it will be worth the money.
A. the dictionary costs
B. costs the dictionary
C. the dictionary will cost
D. does the dictionary cost
35. ________ five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late.
A. Had you come
B. Do you come
C. Did you come
D. Should you come
36. Judges must be independent _____ political pressure.
A. to
B. of
C. under
D. on
37. One of my brother’s many faults is that he never ________ anything very long.
A. decides on
B. sticks to
C. goes over
D. makes up
38.________ the former president’s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction.
A. A small amount of
B. A large number of
C. A little bit of
D. A great deal of
39. ________ when she started complaining.
A. Not until he arrived
B. Hardly had he arrived
C. No sooner had he arrived
D. Scarcely did he arrive
40. To be honest, today’s dinner was just so-so. It wasn’t such a good one ______ promised by the boss.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. what
III. Cloze Test
Passage 1
Histories tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It’s the one 1 the teacher standing in the schoolroom door waving goodbye to students for the summer and calling after them, ―By the way, we won World War II.‖
The problem with the joke, of course, is that it’s not funny. The recent surveys on 2 illiteracy（无知）are beginning to numb（令人震惊）: nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even 3 which countries the United States fought against in that war. One third have no 4 when the Declaration of Independence was signed. One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly 5 the Civil War between 1850 and 1990. 6 when they get the answers right, some are still guessing.
Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be directly connected to loss of international 7 . But it does affect our future 8 a democratic nation and as individuals.
The good news is that there is growing agreement 9 what is wrong with the teaching of history and what needs to be done to fix it. The steps are tentative 10 yet to be felt in most classrooms.
1. A. about B. in C. for D. by
2. A. historical B. educational C. cultural D. political
3. A. distinguish B. acknowledge C. identify D. convey
4. A. sense B. doubt C. reason D. idea
5. A. place B. judge C. get D. lock
6. A. Even B. Though C. Thus D. So
7. A. competitiveness B. comprehension C. community D. commitment
8. A. of B. for C. with D. as
9. A. to B. with C. on D. of
10. A. therefore B. or C. and D. as
Passage 2
Conversation begins almost the moment we come into contact with another and continues throughout the day with the aid of cell phones and computers. However, we are so often absorbed in conversation that we 11 sight of its true purpose and value.
One important aspect of a good conversation is that the words are properly used to express thoughts and feelings. We are 12 deep thoughts and strong emotions, yet our vocabularies are not enough for this expression, and many make little effort to expand that. Perhaps you see a movie that touches you deeply, yet you have t he following conversation: ―So, what did you think of the film?‖ ―Oh, my God, it was so sad, I swear. I went through 13 a box of tissues(面巾纸). I was in tears.‖ This dialogue is 14 an effective way of expressing feelings. It gives no fact of how or why the movie truly 15 you. Such commonly-used phrases are certainly not enough to describe a deeply moving experience. However, not only 16 try to avoid overused words, you must also be careful in your selection. The purpose of expanding vocabulary is not to use the biggest or most impressive words, but to find those best suited.
What is lacking in many conversations is the ability to talk to another rather than just talking with that person. A 17 person will find that even in the most ordinary conversations. There are a thousand questions 18 to be asked if you have courage and a desire for exchange. Good conversations should not be 19 nonsense, but of a meeting of two sharing the human condition. It should bring a better understanding of others and offer a release of emotions more than drive away 20 thoughts or kill time.
11. A. lose B. have C. win D. miss
12. A. lack of B. short of C. fond of D. full of
13. A. using up B. to use C. used up D. using off
14. A. partly B. actually C. hardly D. truly
15. A. infected B. infects C. affects D. affected
16. A. you will B. must you C. you must D. will you
17. A. careless B. efficient C. thoughtful D. able
18. A. waiting B. wait C. waited D. waits
19. A. make up for B. made up of C. make up of D. made up for
20. A. clever B. pleasant C. unpleasant D. happy
Passage 3
The mysterious tiger has been a symbol of power and strength for centuries. Its power is a __21 to hunters, 22 have tried to kill it to prove their own skill and bravery. In India throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, large parties of sportsmen from around the world 23 go out on huge tiger hunts. Hundreds of tigers could be killed in a few weeks. As a 24 of this over-hunting, 25 with loss of habitat(栖息地)，the population of tigers in India dropped from about 40,000 at the turn of the twentieth century to about 2,000 by 1972.
With the help of India and other concerned countries, the World Wildlife Fund founded Operation Tiger in 1972 to save the tiger 26 dying out. Since then, seventeen tiger preserves(保护区)have been 27 ,and the tiger population in India has risen to between 4,000 and 5,000.
But when people live on the edge of the tiger preserves, tigers sometimes kill their farm animals and attack people –about 600 people in India have been killed by tigers in the last dozen years. Usually tigers do not eat humans. But ―old, wounded and homeless‖ tigers can become habitual(习惯的) man-eaters. In one area in India, villagers have 28 a clever solution. They wire lifelike human dummies(假人) to electricity 29 the tigers get a(n) electric shock when they attack. It is hoped that in this way tigers will learn to avoid people. But the conflict between human and tiger 30 . Only if people have enough food, shelter and fuel will the tiger survive in the long run. And only if the tiger and its forest survive will people have a natural world they can return to 。
21. A. succession B. challenge C. guarantee D. intelligence
22. A. that B. which C. who D. those
23. A. had better B. would rather C. ought to D. used to
24. A. result B. condition C. lack D. cause
25. A. provided B. guided C. perceived D. combined
26. A. through B. from C. away D. out
27. A. set up B. stood up C. paid back D. hold back
28. A. looked up to B. passed by C. kept in touch with D. come up with
29. A. as soon as B. so that C. as long as D. for fear that
30. A. remains B. removes C. releases D. relieves
Passage 4
There are more than forty universities in Britain — nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight completely new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created 31 converting old colleges of technology into universities. In the same period the 32 of students more than doubled, from 70, 000 to more than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen to twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women. All the universities are private institutions. Each has its 33 governing councils, 34 some local businessmen and local politicians as well as a few academics（大学教师）. The state began to give grants to them fifty years 35, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its 36 from state grants. Students have to pay fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authority of the place 37 he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and food unless his parents are rich. Most students take jobs in the summer for about six weeks, but they do not normally do outside work during the academic year. The Department of Education takes 38 for the payments which cover the whole expenditure of the universities, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence 39 new developments through its power to distribute funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly 40 of academics.
31. A. with B. by C. at D. into
32. A. amount B. quantity C. lot D. number
33. A. self B. kind C. own D. personal
34. A. making B. consisting C. including D. taking
35. A. ago B. before C. after D. ever
36. A. suggestions B. grades C. profits D. funds
37. A. what B. which C. where D. how
38. A. responsibility B. advice C. duty D. pleasure
39. A. at B. to C. on D. form
40. A. consisted B. composed C. made D. taken
IV. Translation
Directions:In this part there are 5 English sentences for you to translate into Chinese. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1. 在压力下，他别无选择，只好辞职。
2. 只要你幸福，我受多少苦都不要紧。
3. 我们都知道地球围绕太阳转这个真理。
4. 政府正在采取各种措施来提高偏远山区人民的生活水平。
5. 尽管这些植物看起来相同，实际上它们有很大的不同之处。
6. 我们反对一切削减教育预算的计划。
7. 这家公司的任务是向周围的住户供应煤气。
8. 锻炼、新鲜空气和好的食物是保持健康必不可少的。
9. 要是没有他们的帮助，你就不能这么快完成这些任务。
10. 如果我自己都迟到，我就不能指望她准时。
11. 孩子们通常以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。
12. 几百年来，妇女一直在针对不公平的待遇而进行抗争。
V. Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic given below. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
1. Computers and Students
(1) 电脑得到越来越广泛的应用。
(2) 大学生能从应用电脑中受益。
(3) 大学生们应该学好电脑操作。
2. The Influence of Traveling on People’s Life
(1) 旅行对人们生活的积极影响。
(2) 旅行对人们生活的消极影响。
(3) 我的观点。
3. Use of Free Time
（1）随着工作时间的缩短，空余时间越来越多了
（2）如何利用空余时间
（3）利用空余时间的益处
4. Private Tutoring
（1）现在许多家长给孩子找家教的原因。（2）家教的好处
（3）然而，我认为……
Keys:
I. Reading Comprehension
1-5 DDCCD 6-10 BBBAC 11-15 BCDAC 16-20 DCCDA
21-25 BCDAC 26-30 BADDC 31-35 BCBBD 36-40 CBACA
II. Vocabulary and Structure
1-5 BCDCA 6-10 CDADB 11-15 DABAC 16-20 ABBAB
21-25 CBCDA 26-30 ABDDA 31-35 BBCAA 36-40 BBBBC
III. Cloze Test (10%)
Passage 1 1-5 AACDB 6-10 ACDCC
Passage 2 1-5 ADACC 6-10 BCABC
Passage 3 1-5 BCDAD 6-10 BADBA
Passage 4 1-5 BDCCA 6-10 DCACB
IV. Translation
1. Under the pressure, he had no choice but to resign.
2. As long as you are happy, it doesn’t matter how much I’ll suffer.
3. We all know that the earth goes around the sun.
4. The government is adopting various measures to improve the living standard of people who live in the remote mountain areas.
5. Although they look similar, these plants are actually quite different.
6. We oppose any plans to cut back on the education budget.
7. The task of this company is to supply the homes around with gas.
8. Exercise, fresh air and good food are essential to the preservation of health.
9. Without their help, you would not be able to fulfill the tasks so quickly.
10. I can't expect her to be on time if I'm late myself.
11. Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
12. For centuries, women have been striving against unfair treatment.
V. Writing 略
全新版大学英语综合教程4(第二版)重点单词
Unit 1 > alliance n.联盟 > campaign n.战役，运动> conquest n.战胜，征服> crucial adj.重要的 > decisive adj.决定性的> declaration n.公告 > efficient adj.有效率的> engage v.吸引 > heroic adj.英勇的 > instruct v.指导，命令> invasion n.入侵 > launch v.发动 > limp v.一瘸一拐地走 > minus v.减 > occupation n.职业，占有> offensive adj.冒犯的 > raw adj.阴冷的 > reckon v.计算，认为 > region n.地区 > render v.使成为 > resistance n.抵抗
> catch sb. off guard 趁某人不备> drag on 拖延 > be engaged in (doing) sth. 参加> in the case of 在…的情况下 > press on/ahead 继续进行 > reckon with 处理 > stand/get/be in the way 妨碍 > take a gamble 冒险,从事 > take its/a toll 造成损失 > thanks to 幸亏 > turn the tide 局势扭转 > call off 取消 > due to 由于 > hold out 提供 > in case 万一 > on the eve of 在…前夕 > pay off 取得好结果 > pin down 把…困住 > prior to 在…之前 Unit 2 > alert v.使警觉 > apart adj.分离的
【一】全新版大学英语综合教程1课后题 Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1. …down back and on in 2. been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. the command the soldiers opened fire. bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. , rigid, to inspire tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas , career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ. violating Ⅲ. , in upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ. Cloze 1. back
and on out/in 2. Ⅱ. Translation 1. 1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2. Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship I. Vocabulary 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. 1) absolutely 2) available
One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?
Unit 1 > allia nee n.联盟 > eampaig n n.战役，运动 > eonquest n .战胜，征服 > erueial adj .重要的 > deeisive adj .决定性的 > deelarati on n.公告 > effieient a dj .有效率的 > engage v.吸弓丨 > heroic adj.英勇的 > in struct v.指导，命令 > inv asi on n.入侵 > launch v.发动 > limp v.—瘸一拐地走 > mi nus v.减 > occupati on n.职业，占有 > offen sive adj.冒犯的 > raw adj. 阴冷的 > reckon v.计算，认为 > region n.地区 > ren der v.使成为> resista nee n.抵抗
> siege v.围攻 > stroke n.打击 > toll v.征收 > underestimate v.低估 > weake n v.使虚弱 > aboard adv.在船/飞机上 > ambitious adj.雄心勃勃的 > boast v.吹嘘 > can cel v.取消 > concern v.关心 > con test v.争辩 > objective adj.客观的 > obstacle n .障碍,干扰 > respon sible adj.负责的 > secure adj.安全的 > stiff adj.呆板;坚硬的 > withsta nd v.抵抗 > at the cost of 以…为代价> befaced of 面对 > be/get bogged down 陷入困境> bide one'stime 等待时机
BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式
我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。
Unit one: decisive, bide one’s time, stroke, alliance, render, invasion, siege, bring to a halt, desperate, offensive, reckon, crucial, launch, efficient, catch sb. off guard, press on/ahead 1.On October 4, 1957, Soviet scientists ______ the world’s firs t artificial satellite, called Sputnik. https://www.doczj.com/doc/0312247638.html,puters connected to data banks make the home the most _____ place to work in many cases. 3.The adoption of the euro is widely viewed as a _____ step toward a single European government. 4.Amazingly, our soccer team won the victory in the ______ final game. 5.He _______ until Harvard University offered his a professorship. 6.I saw a chance of solving all my problems at a _______. 7.NATO is considered as the most powerful military ______ in modern history. 8.On Hitler’s orders, the ______ of Poland began on September 7,1941. 9.His troops were ＿＿____ and badly defeated in the first days of fighting. 10.Hundreds of people were _______ homeless by the earthquake. 11.The city was under ______ for six months. 12.Our journey was _________ by a storm. 13.He makes crude jokes that are _____ to women. 14.Looking up at the sun, I ____ that it must be about three o’clock. 15.The central government is determined to ______ with the reforms. 16.He was so _________ that he got down on his knees and prayed to God. keys: 1. launched 2. efficient 3. decisive 4. crucial 5. bided his time 6. stroke 7. alliance 8. invasion 9. caught off guard 10. rendered 11. siege 12. brought to a halt 13. offensive 14. reckoned 15. press on/ahead 16. Desperate
3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .
Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and
Teaching Planning College English Integrated Course Book Three Unit Two The Freedom Givers Zhong wen 1.Background Information Teacher: zhong wen Students: 56 sophomores Content of the textbook: unit-2 text A the Freedom Givers Textbook: foreign language teaching and research press Time duration：10 minutes 2.Textbook Analysis The author tells three stories about the Underground Railroad and early Black civil rights movement. The three stories are chosen because they are representative of all participants in this movement: John Parke r is a freed slave who later turned into a courageous “conductor”; Levi Coffin is a brave white “conductor”; Josiah Henson is a slave who struggled his way to freedom with the help of the Underground Railroad. We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In this way the author achieves coherence of text. 3.Students Analysis The class is made up of 56 students, with 30 girls and 26 boys ,who have a good knowledge of Basic English, but know very little about the American culture behind the language. So in this introduction part, It is necessary to introduce some background information to the students before reading 4.Teaching Objectives Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea(early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the underground Railroad) 2.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text, 3.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit 4.Appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer (comparison and contrast, topic sentence followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices,etc.); 5.Teaching Procedures: Greetings Step 1 Lead-in T: Today we are going to talk about the ethic heroes in American history, before the class, I’d like to introduce the slavery to all of you. T: Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, during his term of office; he led the civil war and abolished the slavery. T: In the battle against slavery, not only did the president try his best to abolish this system, but also the people, especially the black people living in the South America try hard to fight for their own feat. Today, we will introduce some freedom givers in the American history. Before
全新版大学英语综合教程4重点单词表 Unit 1 text A Alliance Campaign Conquest Crucial Decisive Declaration Desperate Efficient Engage Equip Heroic Instruct Invasion Launch Limp Minus Occupation Offensive Raw Reckon Region Render Resistance Siege Stroke(n.) Toll Underestimate Weaken At the cost of Be faced with Be/get bogged down Bide one’s time Bring to a halt Catch sb off guard Drag on Engage/be engaged in (doing) sth.In the case of Press on/ahead Reckon with Stand/get/be in the way Take a gamble Take its/a toll Thanks to Turn the tide (against) Text B Aboard Ambitious Boast Cancel Concern Contest Objective Obstacle Responsible Secure Stiff Withstand Call off Due to Hold out In case On the eve of Pay off Pin down Prior to Unit 2 text A Alert Apart Application Approximately Automate Bunch(v.) Calculate Computerize Correlate Decrease Detect Eliminate Expansion Frequency Harzard Incorporate Lane Lucrative Magnetic Monotonous Mount Orbit Prototype Remote Satellite Signal Steer Vapor Vibrate Be poised to (do) Get/be stuck in In the air Send out Start up Take control of Turn (sth.) into a reality Text B Accommodate Address(v.) Affordable