2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(二)试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.
Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.
While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor
11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.
Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.
1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured
2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome
3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore
4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example
5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern
6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of
7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies
8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part
9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward
10. [A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless
11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste
12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay
13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant
14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency
15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored
16. [A] [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated
17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only
18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded
19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies
20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] without
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.
These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly what was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say MsDumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
Readers of “HappyMoney”are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger.Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors? policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent。
21.According to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?
[A]A big house
[B]A special tour
[C]A stylish car
[D]A rich meal
22.The author’s attitude toward Americans’watching TV is
[A]critical
[B]supportive
[C]sympathetic
[D]ambiguous
23.Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that
[A]consumers are sometimes irrational
[B]popularity usually comes after quality
[C]marketing tricks are after effective
[D]rarity generally increases pleasure
24.According to the last paragraph,Happy Money
[A]has left much room for readers’criticism
[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
[C]has predicted a wider income gap in the us
[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement
25.This text mainly discusses how to
[A]balance feeling good and spending money
[B]spend large sums of money won in lotteries
[C]obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
[D]become more reasonable in spending on luxuries
Text 2
An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to research into what the call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in
leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.
We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem, we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.
Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves’from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image- which must did- they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that, those who self-enhance the must (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher self-esteem. “I don?t think the findings that we having have are
any evidence of personal delusion”, says Epley. “It?s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves?. If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing. Knowing the r esults of Epley …s study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level, they don?t even recognise the person in the picture as themselves, Facebook therefore ,is a self-enhancer?s paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit ,style ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle it?s not that people?s profiles are dishonest,sayscatalinatoma of Wiscon—Madison university ,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.
26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______.
[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high
[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect
[C] our need for leadership is unnatural
[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective
27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______
[A] rapid watching
[B] conscious choice
[C] intuitive response
[D] automaticself-defence
28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______
[A] underestimate their insecurities
[B] believe in their attractiveness
[C] cover up their depressions
[D] oversimplify their illusions
29.The word “Viscerally”(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.
[A]instinctively
[B]occasionally
[C]particularly
[D]aggressively
30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.
[A]present their dishonest profiles
[B]define their traditional life styles
[C]share their intellectual pursuits
[D]withhold their unflattering sides
Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, on joy, typically make Americans feel uncomforuble and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating (毁灭性的) tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. But judging form recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both
those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.
Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological responset, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.
Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to clicit assistance form others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. V ocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention, So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves.
Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress, University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to =cut onion would contain no such substance.
Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.
At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr.PeterKastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse and
exposure to medication(药物), to determine whether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable, to stu dy the causes of “dry eye” syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.
At Columbia University Dt.LiasyFaris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to the diagnosis of diseases away from the eyes. Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading the body and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.
31. It is known from the first paragraph that ________.
A) shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American
B) crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedy
C) crying usually wins sympathy from other people
D) one who sheds tears in public will be blamed
32. What does “both those responses to tears”(Line 6, Para, 1) refer to?
A) Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.
B) The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.
C) The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.
D) Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.
33. “Counterproductive”(Lines 6-7, Para,1) very probably means “________”.
A) having no effect at all
B) leading to tension
C) producing disastrous impact
D) harmful to health
34. What does the author say about crying?
A) It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.
B) It must have a role to play in man’s survival.
C) It is meant to get attention and assistance.
D) It usually produces the desired effect.
35. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?
A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.
B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.
C) Emotional tears can give rise to “dry eye”syndrome in some cases.
D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.
Text 4
When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. Housing is seldom mentioned.
Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.
Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.
The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.
There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could
be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.
Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.
But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing ￡4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015,is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition?s spending plans if returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate.
36. The author believes that the housing sector__
[A] has attracted much attention
[B] involves certain political factors
[C] shoulders too much responsibility
[D] has lost its real value in economy
37. It can be learned that affordable housing has__
[A] increased its home supply
[B] offered spending opportunities
[C] suffered government biases
[D] disappointed the government
38. According to Paragraph 5,George Osborne may_______.
[A] allow greater government debt for housing
[B] stop local authorities from building homes
[C] prepare to reduce housing stock debt
[D] release a lifted GDP growth forecast
39.It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would_______.
[A]lower the costs of registered providers
[B]lessen the impact of government interference
[C]contribute to funding new developments
[D]relieve the ministers of responsibilities
40.The author believes that after 2015,the government may______.
[A]implement more policies to support housing
[B]review the need for large-scale public grants
[C]renew the affordable housing grants programme
[D]stop generous funding to the housing sector
Part B
Film. Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shorts of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tuadition of English landscape painting stretching from Sammuel Palmer to Paul Nash. In the case of Hamishi Fulton, you can?t help feeling that the Scott ish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven
Days, consists of a single beautiful black and white photograph taken on Land Art created passing through. It had its origin in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Tumer and Constable.
Section III Translation
Directions:
Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half fall. But that’s exactly the kind of false
deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.”says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor, According to Ben- Shalar,realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.
Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers. When he feels down-sag, after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction, He analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons, for the future about what works and what doesn?t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life, one lecture really doesn?t matter.
Section IV Writing
Part A
Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart.In your essay, you should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student, write him an email to
1) tell him about your living habits, and
2) ask for advice about living there.
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题解析
Section I Use of English
1. A where
2. B fades
3. D while
4. C damaging
5. A well-bing
6. A turns
7. C workouts
8. B functions
9. D process
10.C excel
11.D However
12.A according to
13 B further
14 A sharpness
15 D allows
16 B track
17 D on
18. C constantly
19 C build
20 B effective
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
21 B Encourage job seekers' active engagement in job seeking.
22 C to register for an allowance from the government.
23 A A desire to secure a better life for all.
24A uneasy.
25 B Osborne's reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.
Text 2
26 .D. The attraction of financial rewards
27. C. Pursuing a bachelor's degree in another major
28. B. The rigid bodies governing the profession
29. A. Bans outsides' involvement in the profession
30. C. A problem in America's legal profession and solutions to it
Text 3
31A the symbol of the entrepreneurs
32B: the founders of the new rewards
33D: the demonstration of research foundings
34A: their endurance has done justice to them
35A : acceptable despite the criticism
Text 4
36 A critical
37 C keep a leading position in liberal education
38 A an exclusive study of American history
39 B cautious about intellectual investigation
40 B illiberal education and "the Heart of the Matter".
Part B
41. C How do archaeologists
42. F Most archaeologists, however
43. G Ground surveys allow
44. D Surveys can cover
45. B In otehr case
Section III Translation
46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp music itself.
这就是为什么当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时，我们能清楚的表达对音乐的反应，但并没有领会音乐的精髓。
47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let along the performance, of his works.
据大家所说，贝多芬是个思想自由而且有勇气的人，发现勇气是理解他作品的本质，更不用说演奏他的作品了。
48. Beethoven's habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.
贝多芬表演时习惯性的增加他的音量，然后突然转为柔和的节拍，前辈的音乐家很少有这种习惯。
2003年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二） 试题2007年03月06日星期二13:40本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，1页至7页，第二部分为非选择题，8页至9页，共9页；选择题50分，非选择题50分，满分100分；考试时间为150分钟。将全部答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。 PART ONT I. V ocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。 1. It took a long time for her to____________ the fact that her husband was dismissed. [A]come up against [B]come up to [C]come up with [D]come to terms with 2. Was it in that school______he developed his interest in physics? [A]which [B]from which [C]where [D]that 3.______for your help，I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions． [A]Not been [B] Without being [C] Had it not been [D]Not having been 4.______nothing to say, the boy shied away from the crowd. [A]Have [B]Having [C]Had [D]Having being 5.As activity carried______as one thinks fit in one's spare time，leisure has several functions. [A]On [B]out [C]off [D]over 6.Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter______he really needs is encouragement? [A]when that [B]since that [C]w hen what [D]now that 7.The other timing system belongs in our internal clocks，which，left______,would tie the body to a 25-hour rhythm. [A]behind [B]alone [C].out [D]aside 8.It has been years __________ I returned home. [A]after [B]that [C]sinc e [D]when 9.We'll keep you ______ any news. [A]up to date wit h [B]in step with [C]in line with [D]in terms of 10.I'd like to go to the cinema, but I'm ______ to . [A]enable [B]disable [C]unable [D]able Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points，1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项；根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的 字母涂黑。 Japan is a small country with few natural resources. ( 11 ) this，Japanese productivity，the rate at which goods are produced，( 12 ) more than eleven times in the past thirty years．Many people in the West wonder how the Japanese do it．The key ( 13 ) Japan's success can be discovered by looking at some basic differences between Japanese and Western attitudes towards work．People in the West generally view work ( 14 ) a necessary evil--one must give up part of one's
文化是国家和民族的灵魂，是其发展中更基本、更深沉、更持久的力量；文化也是一个行业或一个已组织存在的基础和持久发展的动力。现代意义上的信托在我国有四十多年的发展历史，但始终面临没有核心主营业务，发展大而不强的问题，经历了多次整顿。这种现象的原因之一就是信托行业定位不清晰，行业发展缺乏文化支撑。信托文化建设可以成为信托行业转型发展的动力和保障。 本文首先从信托制度的历史演进探讨信托文化的内涵；在此基础上，将信托与其他财产管理制度进行比较，研究信托文化的特性；最后，尝试提出信托文化建设的具体要求。 信托文化的起源与含义 信托文化传承于信托制度 现代信托制度起源于中世纪英国的用益use制度。use制度的盛行与当时社会上流行的教会遗赠，以及英国普通法和衡平法的并存密切相关。信托在英国的起源历史决定了英国民事信托和公益慈善信托非常发达，信托观念和意识也根深蒂固，形成了较好的信托文化基因。 18世纪末，美国从英国引入信托业务，并将其作为一种商业模式运营推广。在公司这一组织形式成熟之前，许多企业都是采用信托的形式运营，典型的如洛克菲勒标准石油公司。相较英国而言，美国更早完成了从个人受托向法人受托、从民事信托向商事信托的转移，为现代信托制度奠定了基础【这也可以解释为什么美国是反托拉斯法（antitrsut law），而不是其他国家的反垄断法或反不正当竞争法】。 日本和我国台湾地区将信托引入之初则是以其作为一种融资工具，随着社会经济的发展，信托功能被深入挖掘，制定了明确和清晰的信托法律制度，并逐渐发展出年金信托、个人目的信托、知识产权信托等业务类型。 总体来看，许多国家都有类似信托的制度，如德国法上的treuhand，印度法上的benemi，伊斯兰法上的waqf等。 信托在各国的发展初衷和发展历程决定了尽管其被赋予的功能和价值可能有所差异，但源于名义上的所有权与衡平法上的所有权的分离，是受托人作为名义上的所有权人被赋予管理信托财产责任的法律源头。可以说，产生于信任、服务于财产管理与财产收益的分离、使信托制度绵延不衰的根本，就是信托文化。
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题解析 Section I Use of English 1.【答案】A(However) 【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。”而空后说“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”这两句话语义是转折的，因此答案A。B. moreover表递进C. therefore 表结果D. Otherwise表对比 2.【答案】D (around) 【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是转折关系。事实上,这样的预测已经二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。A. off 停止B. back 返回C. over 结束，与后文均不构成转折，故答案选D. around出现。 3.【答案】B (concept) 【解析】空格所在的句子意思为例如, 1975年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的____”将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念(定义)，而A“力量”,C“历史”,D“角色”，语义都不恰当，并且如果选择role的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。 4.【答案】D (reverse) 【解析】空格填入的动词跟前面的动词revolutionize (变革)意思上应该是同义替换的，要选择含有变革，彻底改变意思的词汇，四个选项中A. reward 奖励B. 抵抗C. resume 重新开始，继续，都不合适，只有D选项reverse“颠覆”最为贴切，本句译为“电子支付方式不久将改变货币的定义,并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。” 5.【答案】C (slow) 【解析】根据前面的句意得知，早在1975年就预测了无现金社会将到来，而实际上作者讲到“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，因此也得出这种变革是一个缓慢的过程，故答案选择C。A. silent沉寂的，B. sudden突然的，D. steady稳定不变的。 6.【答案】B (against) 【解析】上一段末句提出本段的论点，即人们进入无现金时代的速度缓慢的原因。因此本段应围绕纸币系统不会消失来阐述。而且由句首的Although得知，空格所在句与前一句是转折关系。尽管电子支付手段可能比纸币支付方式更加高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统“不会”消失的原因，故答案选B，work against妨碍，对…产生消极影响。A. work for 为…而工作C. work with 与…共事，对…起作用D. work on 从事…工作，对…起作用，都不合适。 7.【答案】B (expensive) 【解析】本句陈述的原因都是关于上句提到的传统支付方式的优点，即推广电子支付方式不利之处。所以根据这个基调，得出选项productive不对，最后根据空后的内容推理出消极意思的选项expensive，其他选项意思放到空格处不合理，imaginative，意思是“虚构的、富于想象力的”;sensitive，意思是“敏感的、容易受伤的”。故本题正确答案为B。 8.【答案】D(dominant) 【解析】空格所在句译为...使得电子货币成为____支付方式，将四个选项带入，C, D是比较恰当的，再结合本文章的主旨，应该选择“占主导地位的，支配地位”这层意思的D 选项。A. similar 相似的B. original原始的，独创的,都不合适。 9.【答案】B (provide) 【解析】纸质支票支付能够____收据,这是和电子支付相比的一大优势，A. collect 收集收据，C. copy 复印收据，D. print打印收据都和实际生活不符合。应该是B. provide提供
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persist 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. B .for 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along. realized I realize did realize I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. 7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year. A .importance B. attention 8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes. A. that 9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone. through in for after over on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is. out out out out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently. Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year. Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin. "No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes. WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking. 11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what
大学英语自学考试练习题 一单项选择题 1 My aunt never married because her father didn’t ________to her marriage to a man she loved. A consent B confirm C contend D conceive 2 The semi-final will be___________. A revenge B temptation C certainty D despair 3 The new furniture does not_______ to the design of the new room. A conform B condemn C confine D confirm 4 Jane ________ her lateness to the traffic jam. A contributed B reflected C attributed D represented 5 After the harvest , the peasants began to _______ and enjoy the results of hard work. A set back B Settle down C Load down D Sit back 6 The book has been well reviewed , but _______ actual sales it hasn’t been very successful. A in terms of B in need of C In contrast D in place of 7 Isn’t it too expensive to ride there? Let’s walk, shall we? But it will _______ us a lot of time to ride. A cost B take C save D spend 8 Why did he look so excited? Because he _______ two week leave. A was granted B had granted C has granted D had been granted 9 Little ____ explain so much about the matter. A did I need B need I do C need I D x 10 ______ At the observation window , I can enjoy a bird view of the city. A Seating B Seated C To sit D Sitting down 11 With so many eye _______ him , he was too nervous to speak. A fixed B fixing C to fix D being fixed 12 The world famous singer soon ________ the hearts of the audience. A conquered B defeated C mastered D ruled 13 The spirit is willing but the _____ is weak. A strength B flesh C muscle D vision 14 Contemporary crime writers explore a world of crime that is much darker than _______ imagined by Agatha Christie. A wherever B flesh C muscle D vision 15 I think the _______ thing to do is phone before you go and ask for direction. A sensible B sensitive C sensory D sensational 16 There is a ____ to the amount of time I’m prepared to spend on this. A restriction B extent C limit D limitation 17 Such is his confidence in his daughter _______ he believes she will be a great pianist one day. A as B that C so that D in that 18 The idea that the earth is flat was ________ centuries ago.
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题及答案 【完型填空答案解析】 今年完形填空的难度系数很小，基本无生词，长难句也很少。讲的是家长对孩子要有耐心，属于比较生活的话题。下面我们一起来看一下答案及解析。 1.【答案】D tricky 【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。文章首段首句为主题句：每位父母都想成为好的父母。空格句开头为but，句意上出现了转折，“但是如何定义好的父母是个难题”，since后给出了原因，“因为不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的”。tricky意为“棘手的，困难的”，符合句意。 2.【答案】B for example 【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。前面说了不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的，此句为例证，如果换一种养育方式，一个冷静而听话的孩子可能会比他的弟弟或妹妹反应更好些。所以用表示举例分析的for example最合适，其他选项另外、偶尔、意外地都不合适。 3.【答案】A Fortunately 【解析】此处考察副词词义辨析+上下文语境。空格所在句指出：还有一类父母描述起来会容易一些，这类就是非常耐心的父母。第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，这里在上下文文义上是个转折，幸运地是/还好，有一类父母比较容易定义，并且各个年龄段的孩子都可以从他们的养育方式中获益。故选Fortunately，其他选项偶尔，对应地，最终地都不合适。 4.【答案】C describe 【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，第二段出现转折说但是有一类父母很好描述/定义，describe与define相呼应，故选C符合句意。 5.【答案】A while 【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句指出：虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母，但这并不容易。逗号前后为转折关系，四个选项中while表转折，选A符合句意。 6.【答案】B task 【解析】此处考察名词词义辨析。虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母，但这不是个容易的差事/任务。task 意为任务，其余选项答案，选择，途径/权限都不合适，故选B符合句意。 7.【答案】A tolerant 【解析】此处考察形容词词义辨析。空格所在句指出有时父母会很累很沮丧，这时候对待孩子就很难沉着冷静(composed)和包容。tolerant意为包容的，故选A符合句意。 8.【答案】C push 【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。你也不是圣人/你也只是普通人，而且有时候孩子会把你逼的很紧。push为催促/紧逼，此处move(移动，使感动)，drag(拖拽)，send(发送)均不符合句意，故选C。 9.【答案】D inevitable
全国至自学考试英语二历年真题及答案全集 Last revision on 21 December 2020
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 第一部分：阅读选择（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分） 第二部分：阅读判断（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分） 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16-25题，每题1分，共10分） 第四部分：填句补文（第26-30题，每题1分，共10分） 第五部分：填词补文（第31-40题，每题1分，共10分） 第六部分：完型补文（第41-50题，每题分，共15分） 绝密★启用前 2014年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 （课程代码00015） 第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分） 1、B 2、B 3、A 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、A 8、A 9、B 10、A 第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）
11、D 12、A 13、C 14、B 15、A 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分） 16、C 17、D 18、A 19、B 20、F 21、D 22、F 23、E 24、A 25、C 第四部分：填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分） 26、C 27、E 28、A 29、F 30、B 第五部分：填句补文（第31~40题，每题分，共15分） 31、G 32、I 33、B 34、H 35、A 36、K 37、C 38、E 39、L 40、J 第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题分，共15分） 41、born 42、resulted 43、growth 44、manufacturing 45、moved 46、addition 47、fewer 48、machines 49、unnecessary 50、unemployment 【评分参考】本部分无分和1分的计分。语法错误或拼写错误均不给分；英、美拼写均可接受；大小写错误不扣分。 第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分） 51.范文（略）
2016年10月高等教育自学考试英语（二）真题 第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Being ”Cool” in Middle School A new study shows that gentle and quiet kids in middle school will grow up to rule. Or, they’ll live healthier and more productive lives than the “cool” kids will. The study looked at 13-year-olds who acted old for their age by having “cool”behavior, such as early romantic relationships. They were seen as “cool” and popular kids. But as they grew up, things changed. The study found that these kids tended to have problems with drugs and relationships by their 20s. Their behavior was no longer linked with popularity. Instead, they were thought to be less socially skilled by their peers. Besides, the average “cool”kids, by age 22, did more poorly than the average kids in the study. They had a 45 percent greater rate of problems due to drugs and alcohol. They also had a 22 percent greater rate of criminal behavior. The study also found that these kids failed to develop important life skills. They spent so much time trying to seem cool. They didn’t
资金信托合同文本 Effectively restrain the parties’ actions and ensure that the legitimate rights and interests of the state, collectives and individuals are not harmed ( 合同范本 ) 甲方：______________________ 乙方：______________________ 日期：_______年_____月_____日 编号：MZ-HT-070831
资金信托合同文本 委托人名称：________（法人或其他组织填写）法定代表人或负责人：______________________ 营业执照号：______________________________ 营业地址或住址：__________________________ 联系地址：________________________________ 邮政编码：________________________________ 联系电话：________________________________ 传真：____________________________________ 委托人姓名：________________（自然人填写）身份证号码：______________________________ 住所地：__________________________________ 联系电话：________________________________
绝密★启用前 2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试 英语（二） （科目代码：204） ☆考生注意事项☆ 1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡 指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。 2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷 条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。 3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须 书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。 4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂 写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。 5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。 （以下信息考生必须认真填写） 考生编号 考生姓名
SectionⅠUse of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct–it can12new scientific advances, for instance–but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.“Thinking about long-term 20is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says.In other words,don’t read online comments.
2019 年 10 月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语 (二）试卷 （课程代码： 00015） 本试卷共 8 页，满分 100 分，考试时间 150 分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1? 10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分） 下面的短文后列出了10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果 该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁 ) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might
自考大学英语二真题精选及答案解析 1、单选题 [阅读判断]The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future， their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year， the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. Q： The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. A.True B.Not Given C.False 正确答案：A 答案解析：答案选A。该题目说的是：Kiribati的人民担心他们的国家将被突发的洪水淹没。该题源于第一句：Kiribati的国民担心在近期的某一天，他们的国家将会地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。 2、单选题 [阅读判断]Now， there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United States —— one for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996， 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统-考试英语（二）试题 Section I Use or English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A. B. C or D on the A NSWER SHEET. (10 points) Being a good parent is what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very1particularly since children respond differently lo the same style of parenting. A calm rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than 2 a younger one. 3, there's another sort of parent that's easier to4; a parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still ,5. every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6 . sometimes, parents gel exhausted and are unable to maintain a 7style with their kids. 1 understand this. You're only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And then the9happens: You lose your patience and either scream al your kids or say something that was too10and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11the clock and start over. We've all been there. 12even though it's common, it's vital to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may13for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also14your child's self-esteem. If you consistently lose your15with your kids, then you are modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids.We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16of modeling patience for the younger generation.This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to maintain emotional control when17 by stress is one of the most significant of all life's skills.