2017-2018年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”（中国赛区）题目翻译及解题tips 【翻译】：2018与以下哪个数字相加的总和是偶数？The sum of…总和…；the even number偶数 【翻译】：约翰和吉尔一共有92美元。约翰的钱是吉尔的三倍。问约翰有多少钱？ ①…has three times（倍数）as many(修饰可数名词)/much(修饰不可数名词)as…A的…是B的几倍 ②As···as···和什么一样多 【翻译】：汤姆是一个篮球热爱者！在他的书中，他写了100次“ILOVENBA”（我爱NBA）。问他写的第500个字母是什么。（提示：本题考查周期循环规律题） 【翻译】：一个长*宽为8*25的长方形和以下哪个长方形有相同的面积。 【翻译】：前100个正整数（1-100）的和与后50个正整数（51-100）的和之间的差是多少？ ①Positive difference···与···的差；②positive integers正整数 【翻译】：你有一根10英尺长的杆子需要被切成10等份。若每一份需要10秒去切，完成这份工作一共需要多少秒。 【翻译】：Amy将2018四舍五入约至十位（rounded···to the nearest tens）得到的数字与Ben将2018四舍五入约至百位得到的数字，这两个数字之和是多少？
【翻译】：下列哪组数有最小公倍数？ 【翻译】：Dan每买2支铅笔的同时也会5支钢笔。如果他买了10支铅笔，那他一共买了几支钢笔？ 【翻译】：星期四的20天后是星期几？ 【翻译】：下列哪个角的度数最小？ ①an obtuse钝角②an acute锐角③a right直角④a stright平角 【翻译】：我们班的每位学生都要轮流喊一个整数。第一个人喊的是1。后面每人喊的数字都比前者多3,（即第二个人喊的是数字4，1+3=4）。问下面哪个选项的数字是我们班的某一个学生可能喊到的数字？（提示：本题考查等差数列） ①A whole number整数②in turn轮流③shout out大声喊 【翻译】：一个男孩买了一个篮球和一个棒球，一共花了1.25美元。如果这个篮球比这个棒球贵25美分，那篮球多少钱？（注意：1美元=100美分） 【翻译】：2小时+？分钟+40秒=7600秒 【翻译】：如右图，把数字1-7放入其中，使得每条直线的数字相加为12，请问中间的圆圈填数字几？
2015 年全国高中数学联合竞赛（A 卷） 参考答案及评分标准 一试 说明： 1.评阅试卷时，请依据本评分标冶填空题只设。分和香分两档；其他各题的评阅，请严格按照本评分标准的评分档次给分，不要增加其他中间档次. 2.如果考生的解答方法和本解答不同，只要思路合理、步骤正确，在评卷时可参考本评分标准适当划分档次评分，解答题中第9小题4分为一个档次，第10、11小题该分为一个档次，不要增加其他中间档次． 一、填空题：本大题共8小题，每小题8分，满分64分． 1．设b a ,为不相等的实数，若二次函数b ax x x f ++=2)(满足)()(b f a f =，则=)2(f 答案：4.解：由己知条件及二次函数图像的轴对称性，可得22 a b a +=-，即20a b +=，所以(2)424f a b =++=． 2．若实数α满足ααtan cos =，则αα 4cos sin 1 +的值为 ． 答案：2. 解：由条件知，ααsin cos 2=，反复利用此结论，并注意到1sin cos 2 2=+αα， 得 )cos 1)(sin 1(sin sin sin cos cos sin 122224 αααααααα-+=++=+ 2cos sin 22=-+=αα． 3．已知复数数列{}n z 满足),2,1(1,111???=++==+n ni z z z n n ，其中i 为虚数单位，n z 表示 n z 的共轭复数，则=2015z ． 答案：2015 + 1007i ．解：由己知得，对一切正整数n ，有 211(1)11(1)2n n n n z z n i z ni n i z i ++=+++=+++++=++, 于是201511007(2)20151007z z i i =+?+=+． 4．在矩形ABCD 中，1,2==AD AB ，边DC 上（包含点D 、C ）的动点P 与CB 延长线上（包含点B ）的动点Q 满足条件BQ DP =，则PQ PA ?的最小值为 ． 答案 34 ． 解：不妨设 A ( 0 , 0 ) , B ( 2 , 0 ) , D ( 0 , l ) ．设 P 的坐标为（t , l) （其中02t ≤≤），则 由||||DP BQ = 得Q 的坐标为（2，-t )，故(,1),(2,1)PA t PQ t t =--=--- ,因此， 22133()(2)(1)(1)1()244 PA PQ t t t t t t ?=-?-+-?--=-+=-+≥ ． 当12t =时，min 3 ()4 PA PQ ?= ． 5．在正方体中随机取三条棱，它们两两异面的概率为 ． 答案： 2 55 ．解：设正方体为ABCD-EFGH ，它共有12条棱，从中任意取出3条棱的方法
2017-2018年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛 (三年级) (初赛时间：2017年11月26日，考试时间90分钟，总分200分) 学生诚信协议：考试期间，我确定没有就所涉及的问题或结论，与任何人、用任何方式交流或讨论， 我确定我所填写的答案均为我个人独立完成的成果，否则愿接受本次成绩无效的处罚。 请在装订线内签名表示你同意遵守以上规定。 考前注意事项： 1. 本试卷是三年级试卷，请确保和你的参赛年级一致； 2. 本试卷共4页(正反面都有试题)，请检查是否有空白页，页数是否齐全； 3. 请确保你已经拿到以下材料： 本试卷(共4页，正反面都有试题)、答题卡、答题卡使用说明、英文词汇手册、草稿纸。考试完毕，请务必将英文词汇手册带回家，上面有如何查询初赛成绩、及如何参加复赛的说明。其他材料均不能带走，请留在原地。 选择题：每小题5分，答对加5分，答错不扣分，共200分，答案请填涂在答题卡上。 1. 5 + 6 + 7 + 1825 + 175 = A) 2015 B) 2016 C) 2017 D) 2018 2.The sum of 2018 and ? is an even number. A) 222 B) 223 C) 225 D) 227 3.John and Jill have $92 in total. John has three times as much money as Jill. How much money does John have? A) $60 B) $63 C) $66 D) $69 4.Tom is a basketball lover! On his book, he wrote the phrase “ILOVENBA” 100 times. What is the 500th letter he wrote? A) L B) B C) V D) N 5.An 8 by 25 rectangle has the same area as a rectangle with dimensions A) 4 by 50 B) 6 by 25 C) 10 by 22 D) 12 by 15 6.What is the positive difference between the sum of the first 100 positive integers and the sum of the next 50 positive integers? A) 1000 B) 1225 C) 2025 D) 5050 7.You have a ten-foot pole that needs to be cut into ten equal pieces. If it takes ten seconds to make each cut, how many seconds will the job take? A) 110 B) 100 C) 95 D) 90 8.Amy rounded 2018 to the nearest tens. Ben rounded 2018 to the nearest hundreds. The sum of their two numbers is A) 4000 B) 4016 C) 4020 D) 4040 9.Which of the following pairs of numbers has the greatest least common multiple? A) 5,6 B) 6,8 C) 8,12 D) 10,20 10.For every 2 pencils Dan bought, he also bought 5 pens. If he bought 10 pencils, how many pens did he buy? A) 25 B) 50 C) 10 D) 13 11.Twenty days after Thursday is A) Monday B) Tuesday C) Wednesday D) Thursday 12.Of the following, ? angle has the least degree-measure. A) an obtuse B) an acute C) a right D) a straight 13.Every student in my class shouted out a whole number in turn. The number the first student shouted out was 1. Then each student after the first shouted out a number that is 3 more than the number the previous student did. Which number below is a possible number shouted out by one of the students? A) 101 B) 102 C) 103 D) 104 14.A boy bought a baseball and a bat, paying $1.25 for both items. If the ball cost 25 cents more than the bat, how much did the ball cost? A) $1.00 B) $0.75 C) $0.55 D) $0.50 15.2 hours + ? minutes + 40 seconds = 7600 seconds A) 5 B) 6 C) 10 D) 30 16.In the figure on the right, please put digits 1-7 in the seven circles so that the three digits in every straight line add up to 12. What is the digit in the middle circle? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 17.If 5 adults ate 20 apples each and 3 children ate 12 apples in total, what is the average number of apples that each person ate? A) 12 B) 14 C) 15 D) 16 18.What is the perimeter of the figure on the right? Note: All interior angles in the figure are right angles or 270°. A) 100 B) 110 C) 120 D) 160 19.Thirty people are waiting in line to buy pizza. There are 10 people in front of Andy. Susan is the last person in the line. How many people are between Andy and Susan? A) 18 B) 19 C) 20 D) 21
This Solutions Pamphlet gives at least one solution for each problem on this year’s exam and shows that all the problems can be solved using material normally associated with the mathematics curriculum for students in eighth grade or below. These solutions are by no means the only ones possible, nor are they necessarily superior to others the reader may devise. We hope that teachers will share these solutions with their students. However, the publication, reproduction, or communication of the problems or solutions of the AMC 8 during the period when students are eligible to participate seriously jeopardizes the integrity of the results. Dissemination at any time via copier, telephone, email, internet or media of any type is a violation of the competition rules. Correspondence about the problems and solutions should be addressed to: Prof. Norbert Kuenzi, AMC 8 Chair 934 Nicolet Ave Oshkosh, WI 54901-1634 Orders for prior year exam questions and solutions pamphlets should be addressed to: MAA American Mathematics Competitions Attn: Publications PO Box 471 Annapolis Junction, MD 20701 ? 2015 Mathematical Association of America
2015-2016年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛 (五年级) (初赛时间：2015年11月14日，考试时间90分钟，总分200分) 学生诚信协议：考试期间，我确定没有就所涉及的问题或结论，与任何人、用任何方式交流或讨论， 我确定以下的答案均为我个人独立完成的成果，否则愿接受本次成绩无效的处罚。 如果您同意遵守以上协议请在装订线内签名 选择题：每小题5分，答对加5分，答错不扣分，共200分，答案请填涂在答题卡上。 1. A 6 by 6 square has the same area as a 4 by ? rectangle. A) 3 B) 6 C) 8 D) 9 2.Every prime has exactly ? positive divisors. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 or more 3.If I answered 34 out of 40 questions on my math test correctly, I answered ? % of the questions correctly. A) 75 B) 80 C) 85 D) 90 4.120 ÷ 3 ÷ 4 × 12 = A) 1 B) 10 C) 12 D) 120 5.10 × 20 × 30 × 40 = 24 ×? A) 1000 B) 10 000 C) 100 000 D) 1000 000 6.One of my boxes contains 1 pencil and the others each contain 5 pencils. If there are 101 pencils in my boxes, how many boxes do I have? A) 19 B) 20 C) 21 D) 22 7.An electrical company imports 2016 light bulbs. Unfortunately, 25% of those are damaged. How many light bulbs are not damaged? A) 25 B) 504 C) 1512 D) 2016 8.50 × (16 + 24) is the square of A) -40 B) -4 C) 4 D) 80 9.Which of the following numbers has exactly 3 positive divisors? A) 49 B) 56 C) 69 D) 100 10.Ten people stand in a line. Counting from the left, Jerry stands at the 5th position. Counting from the right, which position is he at? A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 11.On a teamwork project, Jack contributed 2/7 of the total amount of work, Jill contributed 1/4 of the work, Pat contributed 1/5 of the work, and Matt contributed the rest. Who contributed the most toward this project? A) Jack B) Jill C) Pat D) Matt 12.Which of the following numbers is a factor of 2016? A) 5 B) 11 C) 48 D) 99 13.2 × 4 × 8 × 16 × 32 × 64 = A) 210B) 215C) 221D) 2120 14.On a game show, Al won four times as much as Bob, and Bob won four times as much as Cy. If Al won $1536, how much did Al, Bob, and Cy win together? A) $96 B) $384 C) $1920 D) $2016 15.The sum of two composites cannot be A) odd B) even C) 11 D) 17 16.If a and b are positive integers such that a/b = 5/7, then a + b is A) 12 B) 24 C) 36 D) not able to be determined 17.What is the greatest odd factor of the number of hours in all the days of the year 2015? A) 3 B) 365 C) 1095 D) 3285 18.If the current month is February, what month will it be 1 199 999 months from now? A) January B) February C) March D) April 19.Two angles are complementary. One of these angles is 36° less than the other. What is the measure of the larger angle? A) 36°B) 54°C) 63°D) 72° 20.(The square root of 16) + (the cube root of 64) + (the 4th root of 256) = A) 12 B) 24 C) 32 D) 64 21.In ?ABC, m∠A–m∠B = m∠B–m∠C. What is the degree measure of ∠B? A) 30 B) 60 C) 90 D) 120 22.For every 3 math books I bought, I bought 2 biology books. I bought 55 books in all. How many of those are math books? A) 11 B) 22 C) 33 D) 44 23.John wrote a number whose digits consists entirely of 1s. This number was a composite number. His number could contain exactly ? 1s. A) 17 B) 19 C) 29 D) 32 24.Weird Town uses three types of currencies: Cons, Flegs, and Sels. If 3 Sels = 9 Cons and 2 Cons = 4 Flegs, then 5 Sels = ? Flegs. A) 12 B) 24 C) 30 D) 36 第1页，共4页
1. ICM aims to identify the risk of churn in its early stages, as it is cheaper to gain the loyalty of an employee early in their carreer rather than have to improve the culture once it has soured. It is more productive to have a motivated workforce from the start rather than having to provide incentives to prevent people from leaving. ICM旨在识别生产处于早期阶段的风险,因为它是便宜的忠诚员工在他们的事业上,而不是改善早期文化一旦恶化。是更有生产力从一开始就积极的劳动力而不必提供激励措施阻止人们离开。 2. A worker is more likely to churn if he or she was connected to other former employees who have churned. Thus churn seems to diffuse from employee to employee, so identifying those that are likely to churn is valuable information to prevent further churning. 一个工人更有可能生产如果他或她与其他前 员工有搅拌。因此从员工流失似乎弥漫 员工,因此识别那些可能产生有价值的信息 防止进一步的生产。 3. One HR issue is matching employees to the right position such that their knowledge and abilities can be maximized. Currently each employee gets an annual evaluation based on performance as judged by the supervisor. These ratings are currently not used by the HR office. 一个人力资源问题是匹配到正确的位置,这样员工 知识和能力可以最大化。目前每个员工得到了一个 年度评估基于性能根据主管。这些 评级目前不使用的人力资源办公室。 4. ICM recognizes that middle managers (Junior Managers, Experienced Supervisors, Inexperienced Supervisors) often feel stuck in their jobs with little opportunity to advance, causing them to leave the company when they find a comparable or better job. These mid-level positions are critical ones that unfortunately suffer high turn-over (twice the average rate of the rest of the company) and seem to need filling all the time. ICM认识到中层管理人员(初级经理,经验丰富 监事、没有经验的监事)经常感到困在他们的工作很少 机会,使他们离开公司时,他们找到一个 类似或更好的工作。这些中层职位的至关重要 不幸的遭遇高营业额(其余的平均水平的两倍 公司),似乎需要填充。 5. Recruiting good people is difficult, time consuming and expensive. ICM usually has only 85% of its 370 positions filled at any time and, because of administrative delays and office capacity and internal promotions, the HR office is actively hiring about 8-10% of the ICM positions (about 2/3 of the current vacancies). 招聘优秀人才是困难的,耗时和昂贵的。ICM通常 只有85%的370个职位里在任何时间,因为行政 延迟和办公能力和内部晋升,人力资源办公室正在积极招聘 大约8 - 10%的ICM位置(大约2/3的当前职位空缺)。 6. In order to move up into the higher management-level positions, people are currently required to
2015年全国高中数学联合竞赛一试试题（A 卷） 一、填空题：本大题共8小题，每小题8分，满分64分 1.设,a b 为不相等的实数，若二次函数2()f x x ax b =++满足()()f a f b =，则(2)f 的值为 2.若实数α满足cos tan αα=，则41cos sin αα +的值为 3.已知复数数列{}n z 满足111,1(1,2,3,)n n z z z ni n +==++= ，其中i 为虚数单位，n z 表示n z 的共轭复数，则2015z 的值为 4.在矩形ABCD 中，2,1AB AD ==,边DC （包含点,D C ）上的动点P 与CB 延长线上（包含 点B ）的动点Q 满足DP BQ = ,则向量PA 与向量PQ 的数量积PA PQ ? 的最小值为 5.在正方体中随机取3条棱，它们两两异面的概率为 6.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，点集{} (,)(36)(36)0K x y x y x y =+-+-≤所对应的平面区域的面积为 7.设ω为正实数，若存在,(2)a b a b ππ≤<≤，使得sin sin 2a b ωω+=，则ω的取值范围是 8.对四位数(19,0,,9)abcd a b c d ≤≤≤≤，若,,a b b c c d ><>，则称abcd 为P 类数，若 ,,a b b c c d <><，则称abcd 为Q 类数，用(),()N P N Q 分别表示P 类数与Q 类数的个数，则 ()()N P N Q -的值为 二、解答题：本大题共3小题，满分56分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤 9.（本题满分16分）若实数,,a b c 满足242,424a b c a b c +=+=，求c 的最小值. 10.（本题满分20分）设1234,,,a a a a 是4个有理数，使得 {}311424,2,,,1,328i j a a i j ??≤<≤=----???? ，求1234a a a a +++的值. 11.（本题满分20分）在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，12,F F 分别是椭圆2 212 x y +=的左、右焦点，设不经过焦点1F 的直线l 与椭圆交于两个不同的点,A B ，焦点2F 到直线l 的距离为d ，如果直线11,,AF l BF 的斜率依次成等差数列，求d 的取值范围.
PROBLEM A: Eradicating Ebola The world medical association has announced that their new medication could stop Ebola and cure patients whose disease is not advanced. Build a realistic, sensible, and useful model that considers not only the spread of the disease, the quantity of the medicine needed, possible feasible delivery systems, locations of delivery, speed of manufacturing of the vaccine or drug, but also any other critical factors your team considers necessary as part of the model to optimize the eradication of Ebola, or at least its current strain. In addition to your modeling approach for the contest, prepare a 1-2 page non-technical letter for the world medical association to use in their announcement. 问题一：根除病毒 世界医疗联盟声称，他们的新药物可以制止埃博拉病毒，并且治愈病情没有恶化的患者。建立一个现实的，明智的，并且有用的模型，需要考虑的不仅是疾病的扩散、所需要的药物、可能并且可行的发放系统、发放的地点、生产疫苗或药物的速度，还有你们队伍认为在优化消灭埃博拉（或至少它的现在的同类血亲）模型之中重要的因素。除了建立模型以外，还需写一封1-2页非技术性信给世界医疗联盟，让他们在声明中阐述。 SIR
数学英语词汇 数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom 定理theorem 计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum 减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend 差remainder 乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product 除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than 小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator 数字digit 数number 自然数natural number 整数integer 小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction 分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio
页脚内容 - 2 - 2015-2016年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛 (五年级) (初赛时间：2015年11月14日，考试时间90分钟，总分200分) 学生诚信协议：考试期间，我确定没有就所涉及的问题或结论，与任何人、用任何方式交流或讨论， 我确定以下的答案均为我个人独立完成的成果，否则愿接受本次成绩无效的处罚。 如果您同意遵守以上协议请在装订线内签名 选择题：每小题5分，答对加5分，答错不扣分，共200分，答案请填涂在答题卡上。 1. A 6 by 6 square has the same area as a 4 by ? rectangle. A) 3 B) 6 C) 8 D) 9 2. Every prime has exactly ? positive divisors. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 or more 3. If I answered 34 out of 40 questions on my math test correctly, I answered ? % of the questions correctly. A) 75 B) 80 C) 85 D) 90 4. 120 ÷ 3 ÷ 4 × 12 = A) 1 B) 10 C) 12 D) 120 5. 10 × 20 × 30 × 40 = 24 × ? A) 1000 B) 10 000 C) 100 000 D) 1000 000 6. One of my boxes contains 1 pencil and the others each contain 5 pencils. If there are 101 pencils in my boxes, how many boxes do I have? A) 19 B) 20 C) 21 D) 22 7. An electrical company imports 2016 light bulbs. Unfortunately, 25% of those are damaged. How many light bulbs are not damaged? A) 25 B) 504 C) 1512 D) 2016 8. 50 × (16 + 24) is the square of A) -40 B) -4 C) 4 D) 80 9. Which of the following numbers has exactly 3 positive divisors? A) 49 B) 56 C) 69 D) 100 10. Ten people stand in a line. Counting from the left, Jerry stands at the 5th position. Counting from the right, which position is he at? A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 11. On a teamwork project, Jack contributed 2/7 of the total amount of work, Jill contributed 1/4 of the work, Pat contributed 1/5 of the work, and Matt contributed the rest. Who contributed the most toward this project? A) Jack B) Jill C) Pat D) Matt 12. Which of the following numbers is a factor of 2016? A) 5 B) 11 C) 48 D) 99 13. 2 × 4 × 8 × 16 × 32 × 64 = A) 210 B) 215 C) 221 D) 2120 14. On a game show, Al won four times as much as Bob, and Bob won four times as much as Cy. If Al won $1536, how much did Al, Bob, and Cy win together? A) $96 B) $384 C) $1920 D) $2016 15. The sum of two composites cannot be A) odd B) even C) 11 D) 17 16. If a and b are positive integers such that a /b = 5/7, then a + b is A) 12 B) 24 C) 36 D) not able to be determined 17. What is the greatest odd factor of the number of hours in all the days of the year 2015? A) 3 B) 365 C) 1095 D) 3285 18. If the current month is February, what month will it be 1 199 999 months from now? A) January B) February C) March D) April 19. Two angles are complementary. One of these angles is 36° less than the other. What is the measure of the larger angle? A) 36° B) 54° C) 63° D) 72° 20. (The square root of 16) + (the cube root of 64) + (the 4th root of 256) = A) 12 B) 24 C) 32 D) 64 21. In ?ABC , m ∠A – m ∠B = m ∠B – m ∠C . What is the degree measure of ∠B ? A) 30 B) 60 C) 90 D) 120 22. For every 3 math books I bought, I bought 2 biology books. I bought 55 books in all. How many of those are math books? A) 11 B) 22 C) 33 D) 44 23. John wrote a number whose digits consists entirely of 1s. This number was a composite number. His number could contain exactly ? 1s. A) 17 B) 19 C) 29 D) 32 24. Weird Town uses three types of currencies: Cons, Flegs, and Sels. If 3 Sels = 9 Cons and 2 Cons = 4 Flegs, then 5 Sels = ? Flegs. 城市 区 准考证号 所在学校 年级 姓名(签名) ………………………………………………装……………………………………………订……………………………………………线…………………………………………………………… ……………………………………装…………………订…………………线…………………内…………………不…………………答…………………题……………………………………… 第1页，共4页
2015年第13届“走美杯”小学数学竞赛试卷（六年级初赛B卷） 5 2015 年第 3 13 届走美杯小学数学竞赛试卷（六年级初赛 B 卷） 一、填空题（共 5 小题，每小题 8 分，满分 40 分） 1．（8 分）计算： + + = ． 2．（8 分）某商品今年的生产成本比去年增加了 5%，扔保持原来的销售价格，则每件产品的利润下降了 20%，那么，如果要保持成本在销售价格中所占的百分比，销售价格应该在去年的基础上提高 %． 3．（8 分）用 1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8 这八个数字给 4 名男生与 4 名女生编号，要求是男生用奇数，女生用偶数，那么，一共有种不同的编号方法． 4．（8 分）用 2015 减去它的，再减去余下的，再减去余下的，，以此类推，一直减去余下的，那么最后的得数为． 5．（8 分）24 点游戏很多人熟悉的数学游戏，游戏过程如下：任意从 52 张扑克牌（不包括大小王）中抽取 4 张，用这 4 张扑克牌上的数字（A=1，J=11，Q=12，K=13）通过加减乘除四则运算得出 24，最先找到算法者获胜．游戏规定 4 张牌扑克都要用到，而且每张牌只能用 1 次，比如2，3，4，Q．则可以由算法（2Q）（4﹣3）得到 24．王亮在一次游戏中抽到了4，4，7，7，经过思考．他发现（4﹣）7=24．我们将满足（a﹣）b=24 的牌组{a，a，b，b}称为王亮牌组，请再写出一组不同的王亮牌组．二、填空题（共 5 小题，每小题 10 分，满分 50 分） 6．（10 分）在荷兰的小镇卡茨林赫弗尔 2013 年 6 月建成了一个由三个半圆组成的城市雕塑，三个半圆的直径分别为 24.2m，19.3m，4.9m．这个雕塑的原始图形来自于阿基米德《引理集》中的鞋匠刀形（Arbelos），即图中的阴影部分所示的图形．那么该城市雕塑中的鞋匠刀形的周长为（圆周率用表示）． 7．（10 分）足球可以近似地看成是由一些五边形与正六边形组成的几何体，每一个顶点处有 3 条棱，这个几何体是阿基米德立体（Archimedean Solids）中的一个，通常，可以通过如图所示的方法，截正二十面体得到足球，那么，一个足球的棱数为． 8．（10 分）如图所示，BD，CE 分别是ABC 的角平分线，如果BAC=62，那么，BFC= ． 9．（10 分）将图中的边染色，要求有共同顶点的两个相邻的边染不同的颜色，则至少需要中颜色． 10．（10 分）索马里方体是丹麦物理学家皮特海音（Piet Hein）发明的 7 个小立方体组块（如图所示），如果假设这些小立方体的边长为 1，则利用这 7 个组块不仅可以组成一个 33 的立方体，还可以组成很多美妙的几何体，那么，要组成下面的几何体，需要用到的 3 个索玛立方体的编号是． 三、填空题（共 5 小题，每小题 12 分，满分 60 分） 11．（12 分）一个大于 0 的自然数如果满足所有因数（即约数）之和等于它自身的 2 倍，则称这个数为完全数（或完美数），比如，最小的完全数是 6，因为6 的所有因数为 1，2，3，6，而 1+2+3+6=12．古希腊时代的人们就已经认识完全数，并且找到了前4 个 6，28，496，8128 完全数，那么，8128 的全体质因数为． 12．（12 分）只能被 1 和自身整除的大于 1 的自然数叫做质数或素数．比如 2，3，5，