目录
Unit 1 Newspapers (2)
Unit 2 Detectives and crimes (8)
Unit 3 Modern machines (16)
Unit 4 Historical stories (22)
Unit 5 Strange creatures (27)
Unit 6 Jobs (34)
Unit 7 Environment (42)
期中测试 (49)
期末测试 (51)
参考答案 (53)
Unit 1 Newspapers
单元目标
1. 句子中注意suggest的应用。
2. 掌握spend + 时间/ 钱+ on sth / (in) doing sth.
3. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
Part 1
要点精讲
一、短语
1.hold a meeting 开会
2.decide to do 决定做某事
3.suggest doing sth 建议做某事
4.elect …to be/as…选举…作为…
5.agree to do sth 同意做某事
6.agree with sb. 同意某人
7.agree on sth. 就某件事达成共识
8.make a decision about…对……作出决定
9.take charge of= be in charge of 主管；掌管
10.vote for / against 投票赞成；投票否决
11.take notes 做记录；做笔记
12.be responsible for 负责；有责任
13.talk … over 详谈某事
14.make a list of 把……列成清单
15.be free for sb. 对(某人)免费
16.pay for 付费(买…)
17.in one week’s time 一周后
18. a copy of 一份
19.for free 免费的
20.from the air 从空中
21.of one’s own 某人自己的
22.in all 总计，合计
23.form a circle 形成一个圈
24.at the stall 在一个摊位
25.in pairs 成双成对
26.belong to 属于
27.in the newspaper 在报纸上
28.have sb. do sth. (=make sb. do sth.) 使某人做某事
29.believe in oneself 相信自己
30.give sb. advice 给某人建议
31.keep fit 保持健康
32.be pleased with 对…满意
33.be interested in 对…..感兴趣
34.have the habit of (doing sth) 有……的习惯
35.try one’s best to do sth 尽力做某事
36.try to do sth 尽力做某事
37.once a week 每周一次
38.have a high fever 发高烧
39.at break 课间休息时
40.get on well (with sb) (和某人)相处好
41.for this reason因为这样
42.keep on doing 继续做某事
43.thanks for doing sth 谢谢做某事
44.be the same as 与…一样
45.be different from 与…不同
46.not a bit = not at all 一点儿都不
47.not a little = very (much) 很、非常
48.leave + sth. + 地点：把…留在…
49.forget + sth. : 忘记…
50.feel sick/lonely 感到不舒服/孤单
51.on one’s/the way (to) 去…...的路上
52.at the end of… 在...末尾
53. in the end= at last 最后，终于
二、词汇的变化记忆
edit(v.)-editor(n.)-edition(n.) decide(v.)-decision(n.) suggest(v.)-suggestion conclude(v.) – conclusion(n.) consider(v.) – consideration(n.) elect (v) - election confident-confidence include(v)-including(prep) enjoy(v)- enjoyable(adj) fun(n) – funny (adj) design(n/v) – designer(n.)
三、重点解析
1. alone / lonely:
alone,“独自一人；单独”不含感情色彩。可当形容词，但只在系动词后作表语：Jack is alone. 杰克是单身。
The old woman is alone in the house. 那位老妇一个人在屋里。
可当副词，修饰动词：
She lives alone. 她独居。
Can you move the stone alone? 你能独自搬动那块儿石头吗？
Dick is walking on the beach alone. 狄克独自在海滩漫步。
（注意：不可说very alone. 但可说very much alone. 是特例）
lonely“孤独的；寂寞的”带有伤感色彩。只当形容词。可在系动词后作表语：
The old man is lonely.这位老人是孤独的。
He has many relatives, but he feels lonely. 他有很多亲戚，但感到孤独。
（lonely 和心理感受有关，而alone和心理感受无关。）
也可在名词前作定语：
a lonely person一位孤独的人
a lonely village一个偏僻的村庄（alone不可作定语）
2. I suggest (that) we go out to eat.
（宾语从句的that不充当成分，可省略）。
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
当suggest作“建议，提议”讲而又表示与现实相反或难以实现时，后面的从句用虚拟语气，即suggest that+(should) do…（should可省略）。
如：We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
注：当suggest作“表明”讲时，后面不用虚拟语气。
如：All the evidence suggests (that) he stole the money.
（所有证据都表明是他偷了钱）。
值得说的是，注意若that省略了不太容易看出句子结构，很多人就以为suggest sb do是个固定形式，这样记也没什么不可，但记得that 和should通常被隐藏起来的，最主要的是…sb.不是宾格，而是主格，做that引导的后面的从句的主语的…像上面的he千万别写成him.
类似的词有desire insist order request require advice demand等等…
典型例题
【例1】The boy always stays there for _______ .
A. one and half hour
B. one and a half hour
C. one and half hours
D. one and a half hours
【答案】D
【解析】表示“整数＋一半”的时间段有两种方法：①基数词＋a half＋名词复数②不定冠词或基数词＋名词＋a half 如：“一个半小时”可译为：one and a half hours 或an／one hour and a half。
【例2】The teacher is so kind that he is _________ his pupils.
A．popular by B．welcome by C．welcomed to D．popular with 【答案】D
【解析】sb.／sth.be popular with sb.意为“某人或某事深受……的欢迎／某人或某事深为……所喜爱”。
针对训练
1．The tower on the top of the hill_____________. the beauty of the lake.
A．adds up to B．adds to C．adds up D．adds
2．She tried to speed __________ the car, but it was impossible, for it was too old, and it could only run__________ the speed of 20 kilometres an hour.
A．up, at B．up, to C．/, by D．/, with
3．He stood at the beach, his eyes ___________ the ships and the seagulls on the sea.
A．fixing at B．fixed upon C．fix, on D．to fix, at
4．The artist is said to study in the US in his twenties. ________ 5．How beautiful this lake is! I'll sit here, and you, please take a photograph for me.
________
Part 2
要点精讲
一、语法/句型
1.it is adj of sb to do sth & it is adj for sb to do sth
2.try doing sth & try to do sth
3.at the end of, in the end, & by the end
4.leave & forget
5.include & including
6.believe in & believe
7.It’s fun + doing sth.
8.S+V+P 主系表结构
9.pay, take, spend &cost
10.lonely & alone
11. a bit & a little
12.in & after + 时间段
13.take part in, join in & join
14.of one’s own & on one’s own
二、重点精讲
1. take, cost, pay, spend
(1) It + take + sb + some time + to do sth.
It took us half an hour to cut down the tree.
(2) 物+cost+sb+钱:
The bag cost me thirty yuan. (cost, cost, cost)
若cost后无sb, 则译作―价钱是‖：The bag costs 30 Yuan.
(3) 人+ pay +sb + 钱+ for sth:
I paid the seller 200 Yuan for the bike. (pay, paid, paid). (pay后所加内容可视具体情况取舍。)
(4) 人+ spend + 时间/ 钱+ on sth / (in) doing sth.
The girl spent two hours (in) searching the Internet.
The girl always spends much money on her clothes.
2. leave可指“离开”
leave Zhengzhou离开郑州
leave Zhengzhou for Wuhan离开郑州到武汉
leave for Wuhan动身到武汉(for后接目的地，而不是出发地)
leave留下；忘记
I left my backpack at home.
leave后接地点，而forget后无地点。Sorry, I forgot the money.
典型例题
【例1】Sorry，Miss Wang . I ______ the key to the door of the classroom at home . I have to go back for it .
A. left
B. missed
C. forgot
D. lost
【答案】A
【解析】“leave＋sth.＋地点状语”表示“把某物忘在了某处”，其中的leave 不能用forget。
【例2】How many pages have you ____________ so far? Can you return the book ___________ me tomorrow?
A．looked, for B．seen, with C．covered, to D．turned, /
【答案】C
【解析】此句从题意来看应该是“读了多少页”，而只有cover有此意，第二空“把……还给某人”，应为return sth.to sb.，故选C。cover还有“对……采访”，“报道……”、“占有……(面积)”，走完……(路程)”，“谈到……”等意思。
针对训练
1．They can certainly get rid of the difficulties facing them by getting down __________ all these jobs.
A．do B．to do C．doing D．to doing
2．—I feel like__________ to Pop music.
——_________________.
A．to listen, So do I B．listening, So I do
C．listening, So do I D．to listen, So I do
3．—Is your brother a reporter?
—Yes, He is ____________ China Daily.
A．in B．from C．at D．on
4．To walk is a good form of exercise for both young and old. ________ 5．China is a developed country belonging to the third world. ________
中考链接
(2010，江苏省无锡市)Though his grandmother lives ______,she never feels________.
A.alone;alone
B.lonely;lonely
C.alone;lonely
D.lonely;alone
【答案】C
（2010，甘肃省兰州市）How much does the ticket ______ from Shanghai to Beijing?
A. cost
B. took
C. spend
D. pay
【答案】A
（2010，台湾省）It’s _____ me a lot of time to find out what I really want to do in the future.
(A) paying (B) spending (C) taking (D) using
【答案】C
单元测试
一、单项填空
1. It is no use _________ a lot without doing anything.
A．to talk B．talking C．to talk about D．talking about
2. Turning a corner, he found himself____________ with a fat policeman.
A．face-to-face B．face to face
C．back to back D．heart-to-heart
3. —Don’t you think all the programmes are good？
—__________. Some of the programmes are interesting，but others aren’t.
A. Yes，I do
B. Yes , I don’t
C. No , I do
D. No，I don’t
4. The more you learn，the more _____ you can get a job .
A. easily
B. easier
C. easy
D. easiest
5. This is the most beautiful park I have visited _____ .
A. ever
B. never
C. not
D. yet
6. The twin sisters have learned a lot _____ they came to China.（北京东城区）
A. when
B. as soon as
C. since
D. after
7. She went round the whole building and tried to ______ her lost bike.
A. watch
B. see
C. look for
D. find
8. My father is leaving ______ Dalian tomorrow.
A. to
B. at
C. for
D. on
9. His joke made all of us ______.
A. happy
B. happily
C. nice
D. interesting
10. ______ beautiful bookmarks! Where did you buy them?
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
二、阅读理解
Over thirty thousand years ago people from northern Asia（亚洲北部）went to America. Today, we call these people Indians（印第安人）.
The Indians went to America because the weather began to change. Northern Asia became very cold. Everything froze. They had to move or die. How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!
Later Columbus found the New World in 1492. At first, only a few Europeans followed（跟随）. They traveled to America in boats. For the next three hundred years, about 500,000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly. From 1815 to 1915, over thirty-two million Europeans left their countries and went to the United States. The biggest groups were from Germany and Italy（意大利）. These Europeans spoke many different languages. Most of them took almost no money. They went to America so that they could find a better life.
1. ________ went to America first.
A. People from northern Asia
B. People from Europe
C. People from Germany
D. Columbus
2. Why did the Indians go to America? Because _______ .
A. northern Asia became very hot
B. northern Asia became very cold
C. they were interested in America
D. they liked traveling
3. The first Europeans went to America ________ .
A. by plane
B. by bike
C. by boat
D. by train
4. These Europeans _______ .
A. didn’t speak the same language
B. spoke English only
C. spoke German only
D. spoke both English and German
5. The Europeans went to America in order to _______ .
A. find the New World
B. find a better life
C. build more boats
D. learn English
Unit 2 Detectives and crimes
单元目标
1. 动词后面只接带to的不定式的用法。
2. no longer句型的掌握
3. 情态动词肯定句和否定句的用法
4. Why not +V等句型的应用
5. 祈使句的应用
Part 1
要点精讲
一、词汇
1. recent(adj.) recently(adv.)
2. proof(n.) prove(v.)
3. invite (v.) invitation(n.)
4. spell(v.) s pelling(n.)
5. enter (v.) entrance (n.)
6. manage(v.) manager(n)
7. death(n.) dead & die(adj. & v.)
8. appear (v.) appearance(n.)
9. murder(n.) murderer（凶手）
10. detect(v.) detective(n.)
11. true(adj.) truth(n.)
12. mean(v.) meaning, meaningful (n., adj.)
13. conclude (v.) conclusion(n.)
14. safe(adj.)安全的safe（n.保险柜）safety（n.安全）
15. care (v.) careful(adj.)
16. miss(v.) missing(adj.)
17. state(v.) statement(n.)
18. guilt (n.) guilty(adj.)
19. thief (n.) theft(n.)
20. insure (v.) insurance(n.)
21. central (adj.) centre(n.)
22. arrangement (n.)arrange(v.)
23. criminal (n.) crime(n.)
24. manage (v.) m anager(n.)
25. recently (adv.) recent(adj.)
26. explain (v.) explanation(n.)
27. paint (v.) painting(n.)
28. exact (adj.) exactly(adv.)
29. add (v.) addition(n.)
30. distant (adj.) distance(n.)
31. rob(v.) robber, robbery(n.)
二、短语
Reading A
1. be the same… as… 和…同样的…
2. no longer/more=not…any longer/more不再
3. break into强行闯入
4. go to jail/ prison进监狱
5. instead of= in place of代替… 而不是
6. behind bars =in jail/ prison坐牢
7. work as… 从事…工作
8. as well as 除……之外(还)
9. deny doingt sth否认做过某事
10. notice sb do sth注意到某人做了某事
11. notice sb doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
12. steal sth from sb偷了某人的东西
13. adimt doing sth承认做过某事
14. the innocent无罪的人
15. the guilty有罪的人
16. a recent case一起最近的案件
17.lock the vase in the safe把花瓶锁在保险柜
18. look for clues寻找线索
19. reach/ come to/ make a conclusion 得出结论Reading B
20. between…and… 在…与…之间
21. not…at all 一点也不
22. by underground乘地铁
23. at the underground station在地铁站
23. at the front of在…的前部
24. at the back of 在…的后部
Listening
25. go in 进入室内
26. refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
27. invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
28. agree to do sth同意做某事
29. put on穿上
30. forget to do sth忘记要去做某事
31. in fact事实上
32. at first 起初，一开始
33. turn off the light 关灯
34. arrange/plan to do sth 计划做某事
35. on my way home from work在我下班回家的路上
36. ten minutes early提早十分钟
37. look around四处看
38. a large bar of chocolate一大块巧克力
39. so/ such…that如此…以致
40. make sb/sth adj 使某人/某物怎样
Writing ~more practice
41. bump into sb/sth 碰撞到某人/某物
42. take away带走,拿走
43. get away(from) 逃离;脱身
44. at the time of在…期间
45. say goodnight to sb向某人道晚安
46. knock at敲击
47. break…down打倒(或砸破)
48. from a distance从远方
49. in addition to=besides除…以外，还
50. kill oneself自杀
51. lose money输钱;亏损
52. succeed in doing sth成功做了某事
53. be angry with sb生某人的气
be angry about sth 因某事而生气
54. leave the window in the room open让房间里的窗开着
55. aim a small gun用小枪瞄准
56. nothing missing没有丢失什么
57. have driving/ dancing/ singing/ lessons 上……课
58. drive sb to school 开车送某人去上学
59. play softball/ golf/ basketball/ football
play chess/ cards
play the piano/ violin/ guitar
60. sb spend…doing/ on sth
e.g. He spent all his life writing the book.
sth cost(s) sb …
e.g. This meal costs me ＄30.
sb pay …for sth
e.g. will pay you 2 pounds for it.
It takes/ took sb some time to do
e.g. It took her three hours to mend her bike.
61. hero/ tomato/ potato/ mosquito复数加es
62. have a great time doing 做某事很开心
类似的词组还有：have problems (in)doing 做某事有困难
ps：have problems with sth 在某事上有问题。
have fun doing
have a good time doing
三、重点解析
1. No longer意思是“不再”，其确切含意为某状态在某个时刻之后不再继续下去了。所以，当你从学校毕业了，就可以说：I'm no longer a student.我不再是个学生了。
有两个短语和no longer同义，即not…any longer和not…any more，但他们侧重的方面不同。前者侧重时间，例如：
He no longer lives here. = He doesn't live here any longer.
他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。)
后者侧重程度和数量，比如：
You can drink no more. = You can't drink any more.
你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。)
要注意的是：由于no longer本身就带有否定的含义，即表示“再也不”，所以不能在同一个句子中加入否定词，例如：
I'll come here no longer.我再也不来了。
特地补充很重要的一点：no longer通常放在行为动词的前面；和be动词连用时，放在系动词后面；而not ... any longer中的any longer通常位于句末。
典型例题
【例1】—______ does he swim?
—He swims twice a week.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How old
D. How often
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查疑问词的意义用法，How often 是询问事件发生的频率，意为“多久一次”；how soon用于询问某个事件要在多久以后发生，意为“还要多久”；how long用于询问时间的延续长度。how old是询问年龄多大。
【例2】—Where is Tom’s and Peter’s homework?
—The two students_____ ill yesterday, and they didn’t come to school.
A. are all
B. were all
C. are both
D. were both
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查一般过去时，were是are的过去形式，all用于三者或三者以上，both 用于两者或两者以上。
针对训练
1. If Mr. Smith comes, ask him to leave a _____.
A. message
B. sentence
C. notice
D. news
2. The boy wanted to be an engineer when he was a child, ____ in the end he became an actor.
A. and
B. so
C. or
D. but
3. — Be quiet, please! The baby _______.
— Sorry.
A. sleeps
B. slept
C. is sleeping
D. was sleeping
4. —John, you really did a good job.
—Thanks, but I think I can do it even better if I have ______ time.
A. many
B. much
C. more
D. less
5. — Would you mind my smoking here?
—____. It says ―NO Smoking‖.
A. Not at all
B.You’d better not
C. I think so
D. No problem
Part 2
要点精讲
一、语法/句型
1. the + adj.表示―一类人‖
2. no longer/ more = not… any longer/ more不再
3. Which cinema did you go to? = Where did you go ?（where是副词，go后面没有to）
4. It was so interesting that I forgot the time. = It was such an interesting story that forgot the time.so后面接的是形容词、副词等，such后面接的是名词或名词性短语
5. 动词不定式及动名词
动词后面只接带to的不定式(to do)：
agree promise decide refuse appear fail seem hope manage happen want offer wish plan…
动词后面只接不带to的不定式(即原形)：
役使动词：let have make
短语：had better
动词后面只接动名词(doing)：
enjoy practise finish mind keep admit deny consider suggest imagine miss dislike include avoid…
动词后面接动词原形(do)或动名词(doing)：
感官动词：see hear feel notice find
动词后面接原形或不定式：help
6. as well as, with连接两个主语时谓语动词与前面那个保持一致
Eg: I as well as/ with my parents am interested in drawing.
not only…but (also)…, neither…nor…, either…or…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用就近原则Not only I but (also) my parents are interested in drawing.
7. must be对现在肯定的猜测can’t be对现在否定的猜测
must have done对过去肯定的猜测can’t have done对过去否定的猜测
二、重点精讲
1.表示建议的句式
(1).Why don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+主语+V+其他？―为什么不……呢
e.g. Why don’t you give them some advice?
(2).Why not +V+其他?提出建议―为什么不……呢‖
e.g. Why not go shopping with us?
(3).let’s+动词原形。
(4).Shall we +v
(5). What/How about +doing
(6) .Had better(not)do +sth.最好（不要）做某事What is …like? / How is …? ―……怎么样‖
e.g. What’s your school life like?=How is your school life?
What is sb. like？（qualities or personalities）
What do/does sb look like? （appearance）
How do/does look？（appearance）
2. few, a few, little, a little
few和a few 通常修饰可数名词，little和a little一般修饰不可数名词
a few和a little表示肯定，―有一点、有一些‖，few和little表示否定，―很少，几乎没有‖
e.g.
(1) There is a little milk in the bottle, isn’t there?
(2) My mother knows little about English, so she can’t help me with my English.
(3) I have a few new magazines here.
(4) ----May I have a look at them? Few people came because of the heavy rain.
PS: a little 可以修饰形容词或副词的原级与比较级.
little—less—least+不可数名词few—fewer—fewest+可数名词
e.g.
(1) It’s a little hot outside. I want a glass of juice.
(2) Jim runs a little faster than his brother.
1.a mixed school 一所男女混合的学校。
mixed (adj).
e.g. We live in a mixed society. 我们住在一个种族混杂的社会。
2. mix(v) 使混合，相融合mixture（n）混合物mix…with…把…和…混合
e.g. He mixed the salt with the sugar.
3. I don’t know how to do things for myself.
疑问词+不定式，在句中作宾语（who which where when ）
4. We can read any book from the library.
any+可数名词单数(本义) other+可数名词复数，any other+可数名词单数
5. healthy and tasty meal
healthy(adj)—healthier--healthiest health(n)
tasty（adj）taste(v)
6. during this year’s Reading Week 在今年的读书周期间
7. near the end of each class 每次课接近结束时
8. talk to sb. about sth.和某人谈论某物ps: tell sb about sth.告诉某人关于某物
9. as well 也.as well as和...一样;和;也
e.g.
(1) He studies hard and I study hard as well.
(2) Coco is a singer and a dancer as well.
辨析：too 句末，either否定句，also用于be动词，情态动词后，实意动词前。
典型例题
【例1】The beautiful music made the kids ________ . They began to dance to it.
A. bored
B. boring
C. excited
D. exciting
【答案】C
【解析】优美的音乐令孩子们兴奋。excited 主要指人感觉到怎样，主语（人）+be+excited；exciting 主要指某事或物令某人感觉怎样，主语（物）+be+exciting或exciting +物【例2】The visitors are going to ______ three days in Henan next week.
A. spend
B. pay
C. cost
D. take
【答案】A
【解析】spend 的意思是―度过,花费‖,既可以花费时间,也可以花费金钱.常用以下两种结构: ―spend 钱/时间on‖―spend钱/时间doing‖；spend，cost，take和pay都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。spend的主语必须是人，cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，take后面常跟双宾语，pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。
针对训练
1. He spends all his free time __________ his grandchildren.
A. for
B. to
C. with
D. on
2—What is your mother going to do this Saturday?
--I’m not sure.She_____go to see my grandmot her.
A.can
B.must
C.may
3. What do you __________ the book you bought yesterday?
A. think
B. feel
C. like
D. think of
4. —You haven’t been to Sanya, have you?
—__________. How I wish to go there!
A. Yes, I have
B. No, I haven’t
C. No, I have
D. Yes, I haven’t
5. Friends like you make life __________ to live in a new place.
A. to easy
B. to be easy
C. easier
D. very easier
中考链接
（2010，浙江省杭州市）Remember to spend some time ______ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.
A. from
B. with
C. in
D. on
【答案】D
（2010，江苏省苏州市）Julia is very clever．In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has_______ IQ．
A．a high B．a higher C．the higher D．the highest
【答案】B
单元测试
一、单项填空
1. —Where is Tom’s and Peter’s homework?
—The two students_____ ill yesterday, and they didn’t come to school.
A. are all
B. were all
C. are both
D. were both
2. —Lovely weather, ______it?
—Yes，it is warm today.
A. doesn’t
B. isn’t
C. won’t
D. wasn’t
3. —______ does he swim?
—He swims twice a week.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How old
D. How often
4.Thank you, mum. I won’t do it so well _____ your help.
A. with
B. without
C. in
D. under
5. Go and tell the boy ______ with the fire. It’s too dangerous.
A. don’t play
B. not play
C. not to play
D. not playing
6. He was _____ tired _______ he fell asleep as soon as he lay down.
A. so; that
B. too; to
C. enough; to
D. such; that
7. Dictionary is a good teacher. You’d better _______ the new words in a dictionary instead of keeping asking others.
A. put up
B. wake up
C. set up
D. look up
8. The visitors are going to ______ three days in Henan next week.
A. spend
B. pay
C. cost
D. take
9. The beautiful music made the kids ________ . They began to dance to it.
A. bored
B. boring
C. excited
D. exciting
10. — Be quiet, please! The baby _______.
— Sorry.
A. sleeps
B. slept
C. is sleeping
D. was sleeping
二、阅读理解
Most Americans enjoy moving from place to place. For example, they often drive their cars 120 to 160 kilometers away just to have dinner with a friend or even fly to Europe just for watching a football math. In some states only one person in five lives in a place for more than five years. One may be born in one city, and go to school in another. He may finish his middle school in two or three cities, and then attend( 出席) a college far across the country. When he has entered business, he may possibly（可能地）move from job to job. Moving from one job to another, which is called ―job-hopping‖, is a very common practice in the United States.
Job-hopping does good to workers, because every change of a job gives them a chance to move up to a higher position(位置) and to get better pay. And job-hopping also give bosses the chance to get new ideas and skills(技巧) that different people bring to their companies(公司) and factories.
11 According to (根据) this passage,Americans often travel______.
A. in order to have dinner with their friends
B. in order to watch football matches
C. to enjoy themselves
D. in order to find a job
12 In some places in America,_________ for more than five years.
A. most people stay in one place
B. about 20% of the people live in one place
C. the owners of houses stay in one place
D. the owners of five houses stay in one place
13 In the USA job-hopping _______.
A. has become a custom（风俗）
B. had helped young people to attend a college
C. has helped students to enter business
D. has helped workers in traveling
14 The writer thinks _______.
A. job-hopping does good only to the bosses
B. job-hopping does good neither to the workers nor to the bosses
C. little of the job-hopping
D. highly of the job-hopping
15 The writer wants to say _______.
A. if the country is rich. Probably people don’t like to move
B. in the USA people probably like to change their homes when they get new jobs
C. job-hopping may cause trouble in the country
D. job-hopping may cause some people to lose theirs jobs
Unit 3 Modern machines
单元目标
1. need句型的应用
2. 掌握动词的比较级&最高级
Part 1
要点精讲
一、短语
1. be short of 短缺
2. hidden helper 隐藏的帮手
3. be unaware of 没意识到；不知道
4. be dependent on 依靠；依赖
5. more importantly更重要的是…
6. for the time being = at present 暂时,目前
7. have great understanding of对…有很深的了解
8. of one’s own某人自己的
9. in the future将来
10. change one’s life(lives)改变某人的生活
11. make one’s life better/worse使某人的生活更好/更糟
12. have nothing to do 没事可做
13. raise a question 引发/提出问题
14. for these reasons 由于这些理由
15. make mistakes/a mistake犯错
16. according to sb 根据
17. need to do sth需要做某事
18. by (doing sth.) 通过…方式
19. put…into 把…放入
20. to do…为了达到…目的
21. it is adj for sb (not) to do sth对某人来说，(不)做某事是怎样的
22. give sb instructions给某人指示/指令
23. computer program电脑程序
24. computer programmer 电脑程序员
25. spoken language口头语言
26. written language书面语言
27. not…but…不是……而是……
28. leave sth/sb alone让某物/某人单独留下
29. be made of用……做成(看得出原材料)
30. be made from用……做成（看不出原材料）
31. last for 持续
32. in one’s opinion在某人看来
33. prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth比起…更喜欢…
34. a research team 一个研究小组
35. have the idea of…有…的想法
36. link…together 把…连接起来
37. in the 1960s 二十世纪六十年代
38. communicate with 与…沟通；交流
39. share information[U] 分享信息
40. at that time 在那时；当时
41. a wide range of services很广范围的/各种各样的服务
42. on the internet 在因特网上
43. more and more…越来越多…
44. through e-mail 通过电子邮件
45. instant messages 即时信息
46. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
47. learn about 得知；获悉
48. contact ….with…把…与…联系起来
49. be known as…被认为是....；作为...而出名=be famous as
50. log onto the internet登录网络
51. radio-controlled cars无线电遥控车
52. in the city centre 在市中心
二、词汇
aware (opp.)-unaware
hide (adj.) –hidden
depend (adj./n.)-dependent/dependence
calculate (n.) –calculator/calculation
rare (adv.) – rarely
important (adv.)-importantly
understand (n.) –understanding program (n.) -programmer mean (n.) -meaning instruct (n.) –instruction speak (adj.)-spoken write (adj.)-written produce (n.) -product invent (n.)-invention/inventor type(n.) -typist inform (n.) –infromation refer (n.) –reference high (n.)-height weigh (n.) –weight long (n.) –length agree (opp.)-disagree
serve (n.)-service connect (adj.) –connected
三、重点解析
1. dependent
a. 依靠的,依赖的
一般都是和on连接使用，例如：
(1) The child is dependent on his parents for support.
这个小孩靠他的父母养活。
(2) Success is dependent on how hard you work.
成败取决於努力的程度。
dependent on解释为：依赖于.... 依靠....
2. know，know about，learn，learn about
learn：v. 学习,获悉,记住，了解
(1) I'm trying to learn English.
我正在尽力学英语。
(2) I learned this news from the newspaper.
learn about: vt. 了解(知道)
(1) I want to learn about your new policy on investment.
我想了解一下你们的新投资政策。
known :a. 已知的,有名的
(1) After chemical assay, we have known the composition of the ore.
经过化学分析，我们知道了矿石的构成。
(2) Your theory doesn't square with the known facts.
你的说法跟已知的事实不符.
known about:v. 知道关于...的情况
(1) Henry thinks nothing is known about him, but I am told that the authorities have him taped.
亨利以为谁也不知道他的情况，但我听说当局已摸清了他的底细了。
(2) She had known about the scheme for some time, but only opted in at the last minute.
她知道这个计划已有一些时候，但直到最后一分钟才决定参加进去。
典型例题
【例1】Tom didn’t get the job because he ________ experience.
A. was short in
B. was short at
C. was short for
D. was short of
【答案】D
【解析】这句子是说缺乏经验所以被淘汰，而be short in/at/for后面都该加具体的名词而experience只能用be short of来修饰，你要记住，这是固定搭配。
【例2】when his book was published, it did__ the interest of many readers.
A arouse
B rise
C arise
D raise
【答案】D
【解析】arouse唤醒，唤起；rise上升，增加；arise出现，起立，上升；raise提高，提升。rise是不及物，而且一般用于无意识的，自然的，不可控制的～上升～比如太阳上升，物价上涨。raise是及物。用于可控制的。人为的。
针对训练
1. This shirt is a little ___________ than that one.
A. cheap
B. cheaper
C. the cheapest
D. cheapest
2. A: Could I please ___________________?
B: Sorry, you can’t . Your father has to use it.
A. do chores
B. go to the movies
C. use the car
D. go to school
3. There ________ any sharks in the aquarium.
A. are
B. aren’t
C. isn’t
D. is
4. “How was the movie?”“It was ________. I don’t like it”.
A. funny
B. good
C. well
D. boring
5. ______ readers said they were going to learn a new language.
A. A little
B. Little
C. Few
D. A few
Part 2
要点精讲
一、句型&语法
1. hard & hardly
2. raise & rise
3. need 既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词
实义动词need to do -- don’t need to do need sth. -- don’t need sth.
need do -- needn’t do
need to do & need doing?
4. it is adj for sb (not) to do sth 对某人来说，(不)做某事是怎样的
5. else修饰疑问词和不定代词、不定副词，放在后面。
What else can you see in the picture? Who else is in the room?
Do you have anything else to say? Where else can you see it?
6. 比较级&最高级
不规则形式或易错形式：
much/many→more→most bad/badly/ill→worse→worst
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest little→less→least
few→fewer→fewest old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
以ly结尾的形容词常把-ly换成-lier/-liest.
修饰比较级: much, a little, a lot, even, far
修饰原级: so, very, rather, too, quite
比较级中有of the two时，比较级前要用the
not as/so + 原级+ as: 不如…This room is not as/so big as that one.
(倍数)+as+原级+as：是…的几倍This room is three times as big as that one.这间房是那间的三倍大。
(倍数)+比较级+ than: 比…几倍This room is twice bigger than that one.这间房比那间大两倍。
越来越…more and more + 原级(单音节), 比较级+ and +比较级(多音节)
越…，就越…―the+比较级，the+比较级”(―the+比较级”分别置于两句的开头)
The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
less + 原级：不如…the least + 原级：最不…
one of the + 最高级+ 名词复数+ in/of 最……之一
the +序数词+最高级（序数词后用最高级。）
eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
最高级可与以下句型转换：比较级+than+ any other + 单数名词
比较级+than+ the other + 复数名词
Eg. Mike gets to school earliest in his class.
= Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.
= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.
7. hold
握着;抓住;夹住
He held a knife in his hand.
容纳;包含
The box can hold all my clothes.
举行
They will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0916247658.html,e sth to do sth
用某物做某事
I use a knife to cut the apple
You could use a big bag to carry the books.
9.listen to sb doing sth听某人做某事
10. link together使连接〔系〕在一起
The highway links the two cities together
11. communicate with与。。。。。交流
I usually communicate with him by letter
12. not...but...不是...而是...
He's not rich but poor
典型例题
【例1】It rained ______ , people could _______ go out .
A. hardly, hardly
B. hard, hardly
C. hardly, hard
【答案】B
【解析】hard表示雨下得大，hardly表示几乎不能。
【例2】We want to rent a bus which can ___ 40 people for our trip to Beijing
A load
B hold
C fill
D support
【答案】B
【解析】hold:容纳,表示能容纳多少人，是一个及物动词。load: 装载（货物），搭配load ... with sth。
针对训练
1. As time goes on, the world’s population is _________.
A. more and more
B. larger and larger
C. smaller and smaller
D. fewer and fewer
2. ____ she is, ____ she feels.
A. Busier, happier
B. The busier, the happier
C. The busier, the more happily
D. If busy, how happy
3. He is ____ of the two.
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. the taller
4.—The classroom is ______ clean _______ it was yesterday.
—Sorry. I forgot to clean it.
A. as; as
B. so; as
C. not so ; as
D. more; than
5. Colours can change our moods and make us ______ happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.
A. to feel
B. feeling
C. felt
D. feel
中考链接
（2010，湖北省荆州市）—Do you think yesterday’s math problem was difficult?
—Yes. I could ________ work it out.
A．hardly B．easily C．finally D．nearly
【答案】A
(2010，河北省卷) The Internet is very useful for us. We can find information.
A. easy
B. easily
C. hard
D. hardly
【答案】B
(2010，江苏省盐城市)We are all looking forward to______more than HK $6,500 for the Oxfarm.
A.raise
B.raising
C.be raised
D.being raised
【答案】B
（2010，贵州省铜仁市）27.— Hello! May I speak to Mary, please?
—____. I’ll go and get her.
A. Speaking
B. Hold on, please .
C. I don’t think so
D. Hurry up, pleas