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高考英语名词知识点易错题汇编及答案(3)

高考英语名词知识点易错题汇编及答案(3)
高考英语名词知识点易错题汇编及答案(3)

高考英语名词知识点易错题汇编及答案(3)

一、选择题

1.Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A.expedition B.transformation C.link D.release

2.Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.

A.reputation B.campaign C.appetite D.occupation 3.Determination is the most important of all the ____________ because without determination, you will end up doing nothing.

A.tactics B.virtues C.emotions

4.Lulu grew up in the ____________ of her high-performing sister, Sophia.

A.protection B.gesture C.shadow

5.I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________.

A.discount B.dictation C.favor

6.—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein.

—It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg!

A.no doubt B.no surprise

C.no way D.no need

7.The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate.

A.damage B.collapse C.twist D.share

8.To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three-Character Canon without making a single .

A.slide B.slip C.sneeze D.squeeze

9.To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States.

A.distinctions B.contributions C.solutions D.attractions 10.Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________.

A.desire B.discipline C.force D.privacy

11.Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world. And, he regards himself as the ________ of the times.

A.instructor B.expert C.favorite D.admirer

12.It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be.

A.reaction B.opinion C.comment D.impression 13.—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?

—Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.

A.strength B.talent

C.ability D.skill

14.He wins the Nobel Prize for his outstanding _________to physics.

A.contribution B.conclusion C.addition D.explanation 15.Since he did not prepare for the whole story before class, he just read the of the plot instead.

A.headline B.expression C.outline D.title

16.Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.

A.trend B.tendency C.tension D.threat 17.Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.

A.topic B.shortcut C.cure D.recipe

18.With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous.

A.approach B.access C.attachment D.appearance 19.Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.

A.intelligence B.influences C.impression D.attempts

20.A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,

according to the advertisement.

A.price B.profit C.reward D.salary

21.The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family. A.prospect B.promotion C.priority D.privilege 22.—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?

— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.

A.feature B.plan C.cost D.trick

23.One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have___________ to places like shops and restaurants.

A.method B.access C.way D.means

24.Last month L.A.declared a________of emergency as protests over killing of Geroge Floyd a black man turned violent.

A.state B.condition C.situation D.circumstance 25.The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal is needed to better protect the environment.

A.currency B.framework C.allowance D.occupation

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:从监狱释放差不多一年以后,他仍然睡不好。A. expedition远征;B. transformation改变;C. link连接;D. release释放。根据from prison, he was

still unable to sleep properly意可知,此处用“释放”符合句意,故选D项。

2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation名誉;B. campaign运动;C. appetite胃口;D. occupation职业,占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知,reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:决心是所有品行中最重要的,因为没有决心,你将一事无成。

A. tactics策略;

B. virtues美德,品行;

C. emotions情绪。根据常识可知,决定是一种品行,故选B。

4.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:露露是在她高水平的姐姐索菲亚的阴影下长大的。A. protection 保护;B. gesture姿态;C. shadow阴影。根据后文her high-performing sister, Sophia可知,是在姐姐的阴影下长大。故选C。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:我建议你申请入会。会员可以享受15%的折扣。A. discount折扣;B. dictation听写;C. favor帮助,赞同。根据上一句建议入会,所以推知入会是有好处的,故选A。

6.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词组辨析。句意:——到了春天,母鸡又开始下蛋了,这给它们带来了蛋白质。

——许多文化都以鸡蛋来庆祝春天,这并不奇怪。A.no doubt 毫无疑问; B.no surprise 不惊讶;C. no way没门;D. no need不需要。固定句型:It is no doubt that…“毫无疑问……”;It is no surprise that…“不足为奇……”;It is no way that…“那是不可能的……”;It is no need that…“没必要……”。结合句意,故选B。

7.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:痛苦的经历使她的感情枯竭,但她不是那种被命运打败的扭曲的女人。A. damage破坏;B. collapse崩溃;C. twist转动,扭曲;D. share分享。结合句意表示“扭曲”,故选C。

8.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:令大家吃惊的是,这个三岁的小男孩居然一字不漏地背诵了三字经。A. slide滑动;B. slip疏忽,错误;C. sneeze喷嚏;D. squeeze挤压。根据“To everyone's surprise”可知,三岁男孩背诵三字经没有一点错误让每个人都很惊讶。故选B。

9.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于你们那些已经收到荣誉、奖励和勋章的人,我要说,做得好。对于一般的学生,我要对你们说,你也可以成为美国的总统。A. distinctions勋章;B. contributions贡献;C. solutions解决方案;D. attractions吸引。根据honors, awards可知此处用“勋章”符合语境,故选A项。

10.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一名战士,他有很强的纪律性。A. desire欲望;B. discipline纪律;C. force力量;D. privacy隐私。结合上文Being a soldier可知形容士兵应当是有很强的“纪律性”,故选B。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:李嘉诚先生被认为是世界上最成功的商人之一。他认为自己是时代的宠儿。A. instructor指导者;B. expert专家;C. favorite受喜爱的人;D. admirer爱慕者。根据上文Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world.可知李嘉诚先生认为自己是时代的宠儿(favorite)。故选C。

12.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:很难猜测他对这个消息会有什么反应。A. reaction反应;B. opinion 观点;C. comment评论;D. impression印象。分析句子可知,应是很难猜测他对消息的反应是什么。故选A。

13.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作?——你知道,英语是我的优势。所以这是我最好的选择。A. strength优势,优点;B. talent才能;C. ability能力;

D. skill技能。由前文work in an international travel agency可知,英语是我的优势。故选A。

14.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他因对物理学的突出贡献而获得了诺贝尔奖。A. contribution贡献;B. conclusion结论;C. addition增加,附加物;D. explanation解释。根据“He wins the Nobe l Prize”可知,此处指对物理学的突出“贡献”。故选A项。

15.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:由于上课前他没有准备整个故事,他只看了故事梗概。A. headline大标

题;B. expression表达,表情;C. outline大纲,概要;D. title标题。这里指“故事梗概”。故选C。

16.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:简人很好,但她话太多。A. trend趋势,走向;trend towards/in sth. 动态;B. tendency趋势,癖好;tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.倾向;偏好;C. tension 紧张,张力;D. threat 威胁。根据题干中搭配的介词是to, tendency to do sth. 表示“简喜欢说太多的话”。故选B。

17.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:让虚拟助手(比如亚马逊的Alexa)照顾你的家,对某些人来说无异于一场灾难,因为人工智能系统可能会表现出不可预测的行为,这些行为可能具有破坏性、混乱性、攻击性,甚至是危险的。A. topic话题;B.shortcut捷径;C. cure治愈;D. recipe配方。分析句子可知,显然让虚拟助手掌握实权带来的是不好的结果,也就是导致了灾难的发生,a recipe for disaster“后患无穷”。故选D项。

18.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着期中考试的临近,大多数学生变得越来越紧张。A. approach接近;B. access通道;C. attachment连接物,附属;D. appearance外貌,外观。根据“the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous”可知,此处是指随着期中考试的“临近”,故选A项。

【点睛】

名词词义辨析题注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案。如本题中由语境“the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous”可以推出,空处应选“接近,临近”的意思。

19.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限,为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力,理解力;B. influences影响;C. impression印象,效果;D. attempts企图,试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:据广告上说,能将布朗先生丢失的钱找回来的人将得到奖赏。

A. price价格;

B. profit利润;

C. reward奖赏;

D. salary工资。根据who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost以及结合生活常识,可知有人帮失主找回丢失的财物,应该是获得“奖赏”。故选C。

21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他晋升为高级编辑的好消息给他的家人带来了极大的快乐。A. prospect前途;B. promotion升职,晋升;C. priority优先权;D. privilege特权。结合后文to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.可知此处指晋升(promotion)为高级编辑的好消息给他的家人带来了极大的快乐。get a promotion“得到晋升”。故选B。

22.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。——你能告诉我做这么好吃的蛋糕的窍门吗?——好吧,我只是按照食谱上的指示做。A. feature特征;B. plan计划;C. cost花费;D. trick诀窍。这里指“做这么好吃蛋糕的诀窍”。所以选D。

【点睛】

本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。由后文的回答可以推断本题答案,“我只是按照食谱上说明书(做蛋糕)”,那么前面问的肯定是“你做蛋糕有啥技巧呀?”再根据初步判断去看选项,B、C可以排除,A和D可能拿捏不准,尤其是D,考生可能会想到play tricks认为是“把戏”的意思,就错选成A了。但是A仅仅有“特征”之意,D在此由“把戏”被转化为“技巧”,类似于tips,考生一定要注重转化意,这也是近年高考的趋势。

23.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是她可以去商店和餐馆之类的地方。 A. method方法;B. access机会、通道;C. way方法;D. means方法。我们用“have access to”表达“可以到达、有机会”这一含义,满足句意“她可以去这些地方”。故此题选B。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:上个月,洛杉矶宣布进入紧急状态,当时对杀害黑人乔治弗洛伊德的抗议演变成了暴力行为。A.state 状态;B. condition 条件;C.situation 情况;

D.circumstance环境。a state of 表示状况,这里指洛杉矶宣布进入紧急状态。故选A。25.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:会议上的报告详细分析了为什么需要一个新的法律框架来整好地保护环境。A. currency通货;B. framework框架;C. allowance津贴;D. occupation职业。根据语境和各选项分析可知,故B项正确。

高考英语易错题解题方法大全:单项选择[上]

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