《史记。屈原贾生列传第二十四|贾谊传》阅读试题答案及翻译（译文）
《史记?屈原贾生列传第二十四|贾谊传》阅读试题答案及
翻译（译文）
贾谊
贾生名谊，洛阳人也。年十八，以能诵诗属书闻于
郡中。吴廷尉为河南守，闻其秀才，召置门下，甚幸爱。孝文皇帝初立，闻河南守吴公治平为天下第一，故与李
斯同邑而常学事焉，乃征为廷尉。廷尉乃言贾生年少，
颇通诸子百家之书。文帝召以为博士。
是时贾生年二十余，最为少。每诏令议下，诸老先
生不能言，贾生尽为之对，人人各如其意所欲出。诸生
于是乃以为能，不及也。孝文帝说之，超迁，一岁中至
太中大夫。……
孝文帝初即位，谦让未遑也。诸律令所更定，及列
侯悉就国，其说皆自贾生发之。于是天子议以为贾生任
公卿之位。绛、灌、东阳侯、冯敬之属尽害之，乃短贾
生曰：“洛阳之人，年少初学，专欲擅权，纷乱诸事。”于是天子后亦疏之，不用其议，乃以贾生为长沙王太傅。贾生既辞往行，闻长沙卑湿，自以寿不得长，又以谪去，意不自得。……后岁余，贾生征见。孝文帝方受厘，坐
宣室。上因感鬼神事，而问鬼神之本。贾生因具道所以
然之状。至夜半，文帝前席。既罢，曰：“吾久不见贾生，自以为过之，今不及也。”居顷之，拜贾生为梁怀王太傅。梁怀王，文帝之少子。爱，而好书，故令贾生傅之。文帝封复淮南厉王子四人皆为列侯，贾生谏，以为患之兴自此起矣。贾生数上疏，言诸侯或连数郡，非古之制，可稍削之。文帝不听。居数年，怀王骑，堕马而死。无后。贾生自伤为傅无状，哭泣岁余，亦死。
——选自《史记?屈原贾生列传第二十四》
1.下列句子加下划线的字解释不正确的一项是()
A.孝文帝说之，超迁，一岁中至太中大夫。高兴
B.冯敬之属尽害之嫉妒
C.乃短贾生曰说坏话
D.孝文帝初即位，谦让未遑也。闲暇
2.下列四组句子加下划线的词意义和用法相同的一项()
A.吴廷尉为河南守，闻其秀才吾其远也
B.爱，而好书，故令贾生傅之堕马而死
C.乃以贾生为长沙王太傅乃征为廷尉
D.贾生尽为之对请以战喻，填然鼓之
3.下列六个句子分为四组，都能从侧面表现贾谊“才能非凡”的一项是()
①以能诵诗属书闻于郡中
②召置门下，甚幸爱
③诸律令所更定，及列侯悉就国，其说皆自贾生发
之
④孝文帝说之，超迁，一岁中至太中大夫
⑤贾生数上疏，言诸侯或连数郡，非古之制
⑥吾久不见贾生，自以为过之，今不及也
A.①④⑥
B.②③⑤
C.②④⑥
D.①③⑤
4.下面对原文有关内容的分析和概括不正确的一项()
A.贾谊年轻时能诗善文，富有才华，因为吴廷尉的
推荐，被文帝召到朝廷，任命为博士。
B.汉孝文帝刚即位时，天子提议任命贾生为公卿职位，受到了很多人的嫉妒。由于谗言，皇帝渐渐疏远了他，也不采纳他的建议。
C.贾生做长沙王太傅很失意。一年以后，被孝文帝
召见，没有问及济世安邦的大事，却问他鬼神的根本是
什么。
D.文帝封淮南厉王的四个儿子为列侯。贾生认为祸
由此生，因为诸侯和多郡勾通，有反叛迹象，必须想办
法削势尊主，文帝没听。
5.翻译下面的四个句子。
①诸律令所更定，及列侯悉就国，其说皆自贾生发
之。
译文：
_________________________________________________ _________
②上因感鬼神事，而问鬼神之本。
译文：
_________________________________________________ _________
③贾生自伤为傅无状，哭泣岁余，亦死。
译文：
_________________________________________________ _________
④至夜半，文帝前席。
译文：
_________________________________________________ _________
附参考答案：
1.A喜欢。
2.C.乃：副词，于是、就。(A其：代词，他：副词，表祈使婉商语气。B而：连词，并且；连词，表修饰关系。D之：代词，他们；没有意义的衬字)
3.C.①③正面表现其才能非凡。⑤表其建议。
4.D.无中生有，无勾通谋反之迹。
5.①各种法律条令的更改立定，以及各诸侯王的分封，这些意见都出自贾生。②文帝因感念鬼神的事，就
问鬼神的根本。③贾生为自己作为老师未尽责任而伤心，哭泣了一年多后，也死了。④到了半夜，文帝不自觉地
向前移动席位。
译文
贾生名叫贾谊,是洛阳人.十八岁时就因能诵诗作文
闻名当地.吴廷尉担任河南郡守时,听说贾谊才学优异,就召他到衙门任职,特别器重他.孝文皇帝即位之初,听说河南郡.守吴公政绩为全国第一,而且旧时和李斯同乡,曾经向李斯学习过,于是就征召吴公担任廷尉.吴廷尉就向孝
文皇帝推荐贾谊,说他年轻有才,很精通诸子百家的书.孝文皇帝就征召贾谊,让他担任博士之职.
当时贾谊二十多岁,在同僚中年纪最轻.每次皇帝下
令让臣子们讨论问题,各位老先生们都无法应对回话,而
贾谊就替他们一一应答,人人都觉得说出了自己想说的话.各位老先生们都认为贾生很有才能,自己比不上他.孝文
帝也非常喜欢他,破格提拔馋,贾谊一年之内就升任到太
中大夫.
贾谊认为汉朝从建立到孝文皇帝时已有二十多年了,国家安定团结,正是应该修正历法,变易服色,制订法令截
度,确立官职名称,振兴礼乐的时候,于是他草拟了各种仪法,崇尚黄色,遵用五行之说,创设官名,完全改变了秦朝
的旧法,孝文皇帝刚刚即位,多谦让而无暇变法改制.但后来各项法的更改,以及诸侯必须到封地去一任等,这些主
张都是贾谊提议的.于是皇帝就和大臣们商议让贾谊担任公卿之职,而绎侯周勃,灌婴,东阳侯,冯敬这些人都嫉妒他,诽谤贾谊说:"这个洛阳人,年纪轻而学识浅,只想独揽大权,把政事弄得一团糟."此后,皇帝也就疏远了贾谊,不再采纳他的意见,就派他去担任长沙王太傅.
贾谊辞别皇帝后前往长沙赴任,他听说长沙地势低洼,气候潮湿,自认为寿命不会很长,又因为是被贬离开,内心非常不愉快,在渡湘水的时候,写下一篇辞赋来凭吊屈原.
贾谊担任长沙王太博有三年.又过了一年多,贾谊被
召京城拜见皇帝.当孝文帝正坐在宣室,接受神的降福保佑.文帝因为有惑于鬼神之事,就向贾谊询问鬼神的本原.贾谊就详细说明了鬼神形成的情形.到半夜时分,孝文帝
已听得很入神,不时移动座席向前靠拢.听完之后,文帝慨叹道:"我好长时间没见贾谊了,自认为超过他了,现在看
来还是不如他."过了不久,孝文帝任命贾谊为梁怀王太傅.梁怀王是孝文帝的小儿子,最受孝文帝宠爱,又喜欢读书,因此才让贾谊当他的老师.
孝文帝又封淮南厉王的四个儿子为列侯口贾谊劝谏,
认为国家祸患就要从此兴起了.贾谊又多次上疏皇帝,说有的诸侯封地太多,甚至多达几郡之地,和古代的制度不符,应该逐渐削弱他们的势力,但是孝文帝不肯听从.几年之后,梁怀王因骑马不慎从马上掉下来摔死了,没有留下后代口贾谊认为这是自己作太傅没有尽到责任,哭泣了一年多,也死去了.死的时候年仅三十三岁.
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2000年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不足，后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观 众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆!它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。 参考译文The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers. The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries. The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements. 2001年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说，“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都
01到14年专八汉译英真题及答案： 2014年本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。老舍的作品生活气息浓郁，语言朴实直白。因此，在翻译本篇时不仅要注意忠实于文字意义，更要忠实地再现原文的语言风格，所以要避免用过于高级的词汇表达和句子结构，用平实的语句表达出原文的精神面貌。 当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。可是，我也愿意升学。我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。入学，要交十圆的保证金。这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。 参考译文：After I graduated from primary school，relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress，I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms，books，room and board. To enter the school，I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However，after two weeks' tough effort，mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation，mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her，"you can have a rest in the future." but she replied nothing，only with tears streaming down her face. 2013年 生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于智慧。 Life is like a cup of wine; people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. Hold in the hand and gaze at it, the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood, which is the impress of life. Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste, the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life, which is complicated and blurred. Once the sip is swallowed, the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind, leaving a person lifelong benefit. There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine: the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows, just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. When life comes to twilight years, it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity, just like a bottle of wine to be savored.
2013汉译英 生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。Life is like a cup of wine；people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. 将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。Hold in the hand and gaze at it，the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood，which is the impress of life.抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste，the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life，which is complicated and blurred. 喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。Once the sip is swallowed，the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind，leaving a person lifelong benefit. 红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine：the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows，just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. 当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于智慧。 When life comes to twilight years，it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity，just like a bottle of wine to be savored. 英译汉 联合国代表大会，中心政治论坛，由193个成员国组成，几乎包括世界上所有国家，其中三分之二的国家为发展中国家，占世界总人口的四分之三。通过决议非常困难，尤其是所有惯例决出的协议必须达成一致才能通过。结果就是，重要的协议总是被狭隘的特殊利益所挟持，并且大部分协议都只是用来使自己的利益最大化。但真正的问题是世界上主要国.是否愿意看到民主最大限度地开展。联合国安理会，负责和平和安全，处理最重要的政治问题。安理会只有15个成员国，所以能经常性地应付危机。它曾一度由于冷战对立而停摆，但已经重新获得了联合国宪章给予的权利。 2012汉译英 痛苦纠聚心中，眉心发烫发热，胸口郁闷难展，胃里一股气冲喉而上。院长说这孩子发育迟缓时，她更是心头无绪。她在孩子所待的房里来回踱步，这房里还有其他小孩。整个房间只有一扇窗，窗外树影婆娑。就让孩子留下来吧，这里有善心的神父和修女，这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看护中心，这是留住孩子最好的地方。这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。 Tortured by the pains gathering in her heart, she felt something was burning between her eyebrows. Her chest was brimmed with depression which was likely to run out of her throat at any moment. She could not think clearly any longer when the headmaster told her that the child suffered from developmental retardation. She strode up and down in the room where her child stayed with other pals. There was only one window in the room, out of which some shady trees were whispering. ―Just leave it here‖, she told herself, ―This is the best choice by far, for there are kind priests and nuns in this place which may also be renovated into a Medicare center‖. The chi ld was her secret which would be kept in the buildings behind the woods. 英译汉But such policies seem instead to have created the conditions for even more campus violence. Some college students who previously drank in bars and lounges under the watchful supervision of bouncers(夜总会，就把等保安人员)（not to mention owners eager to keep their liquor licenses）now retreat to the sanctuary of their fraternity houses and apartments, where they no longer control their behavior their drinking. The boomerang effect has also played a role in attempts to reduce the availability of illicit drugs. During recent years, the federal government has been quite successful in reducing the supply of street drugs. As fields are burned and contraband(违禁品) confiscated, the price of street drugs has skyrocketed to a point where cheap alternatives have begun to compete in the marketplace. Unfortunately, the cheap alternatives are even more harmful than the illicit drugs they replace. 然而上述政策反而引发了更多的校园暴力。一些大学生先前在夜总会的酒吧买醉，处于保安人员严密的监控之下(酒吧老板们为了保住自己卖酒的牌照也不会允许过激的事情发生)。现在，大学生们躲到他们互助会会所和公寓中酗酒,对自己饮酒的 数量或行为都不再控制。政府在打击非法毒品方面采取的措施同样适得其反。近年来,联邦政府已经有效地抑制了街头毒品买卖。警方捣毁了很多毒品种植地，没收了违禁品，导致毒品的价格暴涨，那些便宜的替代品因此也有了竞争力。糟糕的是，那些便宜的替换品带来的危害甚至比他们所替代的毒品更大。 2011：汉译英原文现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛
2016年专八翻译题及答案详解 “流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫。”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。 【参考译文1】 They have found that the flowing water,either a murmuring stream or a mighty river, passes quickly and never returns. With the passage of time, the young become the old and the green grass turns yellow. People naturallyhave a sense of urgency to value every bit of time. As time goes by,no matter how slowly it elapses, people always use the word “liushi” to warn thelater generations for fear of time’s flowing away. They tell their descendants to treasure every single minute and make a hurried action, which adds a sense of tension to the word. 【参考译文2】 They find that either a murmuring stream or a mighty river has gone forever and that the passage of time turns a young man into an old one, and yellows of the grass, which sends a massage of how time flies. Maybe the passing of time is slow. But no matter how slow it is, it makes people so fearful that they use “passage” to warn the later generations to rush. And the use of “passage” also infuses a sense of tension into the word. 【参考译文3】
2007年英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考答案 C-E:暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯。 Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.
1997年:English to Chinese Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达 到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment （完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、 渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻 的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.
历年专八英译汉翻译真题 1995 I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self? I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.” Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us. 对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居，作为回报，我儿媳也帮着照看其孩子。乡邻之间互相交换技能和劳动。但比之更重要的是，你如何来衡量那静谧与安详？如何来衡量自我价值呢？ 我无意将小地方的生活理想化。因为有时外面的世界会无情地侵入：比如汽油价格上涨，开发商把眼睛盯住尚未开发的农田；那里充斥着凶残和偏狭，大城市的种种卑劣行径，小地方也一应俱全。不仅如此，当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或将它们解释为异乡人的为所欲为，而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时，就更难以忽视它们。 1996 It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeed more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government. 这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将，他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源，是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美国上下一片和平，美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外，这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助，因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的候选人是罗纳德·里根，他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统：一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。
英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考谜底 令狐采学 CE:暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在垂头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发明它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而纯真的脸色。如果稍稍长久一点打量这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯。 Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls.
专八翻译 第一部分汉译英 1.2000年试题 中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不足，后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。 世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。 中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆。它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。 The first generation museums of sciences are those devoted to natural history, which show through fossils and specimens the evolutionary changes of the earth and organisms. Those of the second generation are museums of industrial technology exhibiting achievements made in various periods of the industrial age. These two types of museums, while functioning as disseminators of scientific knowledge, treat their visitors as mere viewers. Science museums of the third generation are entirely different from their predecessors. They stress visitor participation, encouraging those interested to make detailed study of the exhibits on their own by trying their hands on them. The experience so gained will enable them to understand advanced technologies better and help them in their quest for what is still unknown in science （陶文好李孚声，《2000年英语专业八级汉译英词汇误译心理认知分析》，《上海科技翻译》，2001年第1期第36-41页） 2.2001年试题 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。 晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。” 译文 1 In his later years (Late in his life), Qiao Yu has become enamored of fishing (developed a penchant / special fondness for fishing). He asserts: “Mostly speaking, a place with water and fish must necessarily be blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood. I believe that the optimum fishing places are not those commercial fishing centers which provide the fishermen with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but those naturally-formed places in the wilderness w hich exert a special appeal.” According to him, fishing can constitute an activity conducive to the cultivation of one’s
TEM 8 2015 Translation Chinese to English 2015专业八级汉译英真题 茶花（Camellia）的自然花期在12月至翌年4月，以红色系为主，另有黄色系和白色系等，花色艳丽。本届花展充分展示了茶花的品种资源和科研水平，是近三年来本市规模最大的一届茶花展。为了广大植物爱好者有更多与茶花亲密接触的机会，本届茶花展的不沾范围延伸至整个园区，为赏花游客带来便利。 此次茶花展历时2个月，展期内200多个茶花品种将陆续亮相。 Camellia naturally blooms between December and April in the next year, mainlyinredaswellasinyellowandwhite,withitsbrightandgorgeousblossom.TheFlower Show, which displays into full the varieties and technological research of theflower, marks the largest one in our city in recent three years. In order to enable thevegetation lovers to embrace Camellia, the flower show extends its place to the wholegarden, making it more convenient for the visitors. The Flower Show lasts for two months and more than 200 types of camellia willmake its appearance during the period. 1/ 1