第3讲代词
代词
一、人称代词
1．人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词，它的人称、数和格的变化见下表：
数人称主格宾格
单数第一人称I me
第二人称you you
第三人称he
she
it him her it
复数第一人称We us
第二人称you you
第三人称they them
主格与宾格：
人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语；宾格主要用作宾语。
人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。
人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen is bad.I can’t write with it.这支钢笔不好，我没法用它写字。
2.人称代词的排列顺序
人称代词并列使用时，通常以下列顺序出现，请熟悉并记忆。
1）单数代词：you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I
2）复数代词：we and they ; we and you ; you and they; we, you and they
3）第三人称单数代词：he and she
*人称代词排序口诀：人称代词并列观，注意顺序礼貌见；
单数人称二、三、一，复数人称一、二、三；
麻烦事情“我”站前，其他人称没意见；
两性并用为三单，男先女后是习惯。
二、物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+ 名词
例，Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣?
It’s hers. 是她的。hers= her coat
*关于物主代词的口诀：
物主代词很重要，译成汉语都有“的”，后面必须加上物，否则就要犯错误，
my your his her its our their 不放过。
形容词性是基础，除了我的“mine”外，其他词尾“s”性
形物代词能力差，出门常把名词加；名物代能力强，常来独去又独往。
三、反身代词
反身代词也叫“自身代词”，表示“**自己”。
I can do it by myself. 我自己能做这件事。
*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀：
反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加，其余开头用物主，复数-ves替-f
四、指示代词
This (这个)------- these (这些) 指近处的事物
That (那个)------- these (那些) 指远处的事物
例，This is a book. 这是本书。These are some books. 这些是书。
That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。Those are some cars. 那些是小汽车。
小学阶段不定代词
．常用不定代词有：some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone），no（nothing，nobody，no one），every（everything，everybody，everyone，），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。
不定代词的用法
不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语和定语。
1．作主语
Both of them are teachers．他们两人都是教师。
2．作宾语
I know nothing about this person．我对这个人一无所知。
3．作定语
There is a little water in the glass．玻璃杯里有一些水。
二．some（something，somebody，someone）和any（anything，anybody，anyone）的区别some（something，somebody，someone）和any（anything，anybody，anyone）都有“某人/物/事”的意思，一般情况some用在肯定句中，而any用在疑问句或否定句中。
Did you hear anything? 你听到什么了吗？
Yes, I heard something. 对，我听到了。
Did you see anyone in the shop? 你在商店看到有人吗？
I didn’t say anything. 我什么也没说。
Someone has taken your umbrella. 有人拿走了你的伞。
但是，有一种特殊情况需注意，some（something，somebody，someone）可用于表示征求意见的问句中。
Would you like something to drink? 你要喝点什么吗？
Do you want some milk? 你要牛奶吗？
另外anything有两种意思1，一些事2，任何事
当它是第一个意思的时候，通常用于在否定以及疑问句中替代something，因为something 一般用于肯定句中。
第二个意思很好理解，它强调的是任何事，任何个体。
一个有名的广告语，Anything is possible.一切都有可能。
I think I can do anything for you.为了你，我愿意做任何事。
1、代词的分类
2、代词在题型中的应用
3、不定代词的用法
1. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister.
A. That
B. It
C. She
D. This
解析：人称代词做主语用she，故答案为C
2. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
A. She, you and I
B. You, she and I
C. I, you and she
D. Her, me and you
解析;人称代词的排序问题二三一人称。故答案选择B
3. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.
解析：for后边为宾格只有C为宾格，故答案为C
A. theirs
B. they
C. me
D. I
4. Mr Smith often praises（表扬） _____ in class.
A. he
B. him
C. I
D. my
解析;动词后为宾格故选择him
5. —Here’s a postcard for you, Jim!
— Oh, ________ is from my friend, Mary.
A. he
B. it
C. she
D. it’s
解析：代替上面的明信片，在句子中做主语故选择B
6. Don’t shake（摇） the young tree. ___ leaves are falling off（掉落）. You should look
after __.
A. It, it’s
B. It’s, it
C. Its, it
D. It, it
解析：第一个空填它的选择its，第二个是代替小树用it故选择C
A部分基础练习
一、帮下面的好朋友团圆（连线）
I 她
its 我们
her 他（她，它）们
we 我
they 你的
their 他（她，它）们
your 她的
she 它的
二、填空
1．She’s a teacher . This is _________ bag.
2. He’s a driver. This is ___________ taxi.
3. I am a boy . __________ name is Peter.
4. --What’s __________ name?
-- My name is Tony.
5. It’s my puppy. ______ name is Mimi.
B部分提高部分
选择
( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _________.
A. him
B. he
C. his
D. she
( ) 2. _____ book is it ? I t’s ________.
A. Whose…her
B. Whose… hers
C. Who…hers
D. Whom… her ( ) 3. He is a friend of ________.
A. our
B. us
C. my
D. mine
改错
1. I, you and he are all teachers.
______________________________________________________
2. This is mine teddy bear.
______________________________________________________
3. These are ours bags.
______________________________________________________
4. These is their teachers.
______________________________________________________
C阅读练习
Here is a bus timetable.
1. You may take the ______ bus if your live near the Daping and have lessons at eight.
A. five fifty
B. twenty past six
C. six five
D. twenty-five to seven
2. Which bus can take you to the Book shop before eight?
A. Bus 1
B. Bus 2
C. Bus 3
D. Bus 4
3. If you live near the bus stop, you may take Bus 4 to the park at ______.
A. 6:25
B. 6:45
C. 6: 55
D. 7:18
4. How long does it take to go to school before eight by bus if you live near the park and have breakfast at six forty?
A. About one hour.
B. Thirty minutes.
C. One hour and ten.
D. One hour and two.
5. What time must you get on the bus if you live near the factory and want to buy some books at nine o'clock?
A. About twenty past seven
B. Half past seven
C. A quarter to eight
D. Forty past seven
Key
CADAB
American boys and girls love to watch television. Some children spend six hours a day in school and four to six hours a day in front of the television set. Some even watch television for eight hours or more on Saturday.
Televisions are like books or films. A child can learn bad things and good things from them.
Some programs(节目) help children to understand (理解)the news, others show people and places from other countries or other time in history. With television a child does not have to go to the zoo to see animals to the ocean to see a ship. Boys and girls can see a play, a concert or a game at
home.
Television brings many places and events into our homes. Some programs show crime(犯罪)
and other things that are bad for children, so parents sometimes help them to find other interesting things to do.
( )1. Some children spend eight hours more _______.
A. studying
B. playing games
C. watching TV
D. helping their parents.
( )2. On television children can see _____.
A. games
B. big animals
C. oceans
D. almost everything
( ) 3. Children usually spend _______ a day in school.
A. six hours
B. more than eight hours
C. only a few hours
D. four hours.
( ) 4. “Television brings places and events into homes” means_____.
A. television makes things happen in homes
B. we can know places and events without going to see them.
C. we can see houses and buildings on TV.
D. we can find them easily.
( )5. Parents sometimes help their children find other things to do when there is ____ for
children .
A. a bad programs
B. an animal
C. a game
D. an uninteresting film
CDABA
选择填空.
1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
2. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.
A. She , she
B. She , herself
C. Her, herself
D. Her. she
3. Jim’s watch is much newer than _________.
A. hers
B.she
C. her
D. herself
4.Would you like _____for super?
A: something Chinese B：Chinese something
C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything
5.______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.
A. She
B. She’s
C. Hers
D. Her
6.——Who taught you English last year?
——Nobody taught me . I taught ______.
A. me
B. myself
C. mine
D. I
7.That bike is _________?
A．he B. him C. his D. it
8. We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn”t like it.
A. they, them
B. them , they
C. themselves , their
D. theirs, they
9 She is a student, _____ name is Julia.
A. its
B. her
C. hers
D. his
10Could you help _____ with _______ English, please.
A. I, my
B. me, me
C. me, my
D. my, I
11. A friend of _____ came here yesterday.
A. my
B. his
C. him
D. himself
12. ______ pencil-box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ______.
A. Toms, my, he
B. Tom's, mine, his
C. Tom's, mine, him
D. Tom's, my, his
13. Most of ______like Chinese food.
A. they
B. Their
C. Them
D. theirs
14. Don't you let ____ help you ?
A. I and my friend
B. my friend and I
C. my friend and me
D. my friend and I to
15. How hard______ works!
A. we
B. him
C. he
D. his
16. ______ have been chosen.
A. I, you and he
B. He, you and I
C. You, he and I
D. You,and me
17. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _______ .
A. I
B. me
C. my
D. mine
18. That's not ______, it is_______. I made it ______ .
A. ours, mine, myself
B. your, mine, myself
C. yours, her, myself
D. yours, my, myself
19. We bought _____ English-Chinese dictionaries.
A. us
B. ours
C. ourselves
D. to us
20. Most people think ______ are winning SARS.
A. ours
B. ourselves
C. we
D. us
选择填空.
1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
2. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.
A. She , she
B. She , herself
C. Her, herself
D. Her. she
3. Jim’s watch is much newer than _________.
A. hers
B. she
C. her
D. herself
4. Would you like _____for super?
A: something Chinese B：Chinese something
C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything
5. ______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.
A. She
B. She’s
C. Hers
D. Her
6. ——Who taught you English last year?
——Nobody taught me . I taught ______.
A. me
B. myself
C. mine
D. I
7. That bike is _________?
A．he B. him C. his D. it
8. We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn”t like it.
A. they, them
B. them , they
C. themselves , their
D. theirs, they
9. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister.
A. That
B. It
C. She
D. This
10. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
A. She, you and I
B. You, she and I
C. I, you and she
D. Her, me an
d you
11. Between you and ________, he is not a real friend.
A. me
B. I
C. he
D. his
12. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.
A. theirs
B. they
C. me
D. I
13. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim!
— Oh, ____ is from my friend, Mary.
A. he
B. it
C. she
D. it’s
14. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to ________.
A. he
B. his
C. her
D. him
15. Will anyone go on a trip with him ? — Not ________.
A. I
B. me
C. mine
D. he
16. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by ________.
A. he
B. his
C. him
1、D
2、B
3、A
4、D
5、D
6、B
7、C
8、B
9、C 10、B 11、A 12、C 13、B 14、B 15、B 16、C
(1)
阅读John的日程表，选择正确答案。
( )1. __________ is ill in hospital.
A. Kate
B. Peter
C. John
D. Sam
( )2. John has a swimming class on __________.
A. Sunday
B. Tuesday
C. Wednesday
D. Thursday
( )3. John does his part-time job for _________ hours a week.
A. five
B. six
C. ten
D. eleven
( )4. John meets Sam __________.
A. at Dave’s house
B. In the hospital
C. at the airport
D. Kate’s home
( )5. Kate’s birthday is from _________ to _________.
A. 2:00, 4:00
B. 12:00, 6:00
C. 12:00, 5:00
D. 5:00, 7:00
Key
BBBCD
B篇
Students in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teenagers(少年). Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by hearing the language over the radio, on TV, or in films. One must work hard to learn another language.
Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required(要求) for study. They study their own language. Maths and English. Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because they want to go to college or university(大学). Some of their books are written in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers and magazines in English.
( ) 1. People learn English ________.
A. at school
B. over the radio
C. on TV
D. not all in the same way
( ) 2. It is ________ to answer why so many people want to learn English.
A. hard
B. easy
C. pleased
D. angry
( ) 3. Different kinds of people want to learn English __________.
A. together with other subjects
B. for different reasons
C. for their work
D. for higher studies at colleges
( ) 4. From this passage we know that _____________.
A. we can learn English easily
B. English is very difficult to learn
C. English is learned by most people in the world
D.English is a useful language but one must work hard to learn it
( ) 5. From this passage we know that ___________.
A. We don't need to learn any foreign language
B. We can do well in all work without English
C. English is the most important subject in schools
D. We should learn English because we need to face the world.
Key
DABDD
课程顾问签字： 教学主管签字：