大学英语四级考试（CET4）
（恩波英语研究所命题）
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
—Band Four —
恩波英语模考试卷-试题册（130分钟）
PartⅠWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start the essay with a brief account of the phenomenon of fascination with PC games and then explain the harm of PC game. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.
Part ⅡListening Comprehension(30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
1. A) He refused to take Linda with them. B) He agreed to take Linda with them.
C) He thought Linda should decide herself. D) He thought Linda should write something.
2. A) By car. B) By bus. C) By plane. D) By train.
3. A) Don’t drink beer. B) Drink dark beer.
C) Don’t use ice. D) Boil the beer.
4. A) The teacher postponed the meeting this afternoon.
B) There won’t be a test this afternoon.
C) The students will be attending the meeting.
D) The students will take a test this afternoon.
5. A) If he can help her fill out a job application.
B) If he can introduce her to the campus counselor.
C) If he knows of any job openings with his former employer.
D) If he’ll return to the campus where he worked last year.
6. A) Someone else should make the introduction.
B) Dan isn’t a very good violinist.
C) There will be other musicians to introduce.
D) It’s rather late to ask Dan to make the introduction now.
7. A) She doesn’t have much trouble. B) She understood the reading last night.
C) She understands very little. D) She hasn’t been doing much of the reading.
8. A) The man has been complaining too much.
B) The man’s toothache will go away by itself.
C) The man should have seen the dentist earlier.
D) The man should confirm his appointment with the dentist.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) “Lose-lose”solutions are useful in keeping a successful marriage.
B) To run a “win-win”solution is hard.
C) There is no success in marriage.
D) Running a successful marriage involves many factors.
10. A) They changed their ways of talking.
B) They changed to another topic.
C) They made their way to choose the wallpaper that was favored by both.
D) They just stopped quarrelling.
11. A) They don’t want to be weak.
B) They want to feel loved and respected.
C) Controlling over another means winning arguments at home.
D) They lack trust and insecurity.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) She makes the keypad dirty.
B) She always drops crumbs off the computer keyboard.
C) She always eats off a toilet seat.
D) It is not clean.
13. A) There are many difficulties in the examination.
B) The examination is useless for the employees.
C) The examination is to tell people there are many bugs on keyboard.
D) The examination is very successful.
14. A) Wash hands after going to the toilet.
B) Eat at the computer desks.
C) Eat much at lunch.
D) Touch the toilet door handle.
15. A) The survey needs more than 4,000 people.
B) A minority of people never clean the keypad and the mouse.
C) 10 people never clean their keypad and mouse.
D) People never clean the keypad and mouse.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) He obtained his philosophy degree. B) He sold his own life on the Internet.
C) He became famous for his website. D) He requested to part with his girlfriend.
17. A) He intended to do something special.
B) He wanted to ask for donations for charities.
C) He did not know the reason himself.
D) He meant to offer some help to poor people.
18. A) Driving license. B) Training course.
C) Cooking skills. D) Australian passport.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) Because they had caught serious disease.
B) Because they had been away from home for many years.
C) Because it was said they had died.
D) Because they were put into prison.
20. A) His bitter experience abroad.
B) What he saw in the Asian countries.
C) Made-up stories based on his imagination.
D) The stories about his family.
21. A) Where the countries are.
B) How to make a travel around the world.
C) What he told about is quite true.
D) How to find the black stone for cooking.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) She was believed to be the last survivor after the big ship sank.
B) She was reported to die at her own home in England on Sunday.
C) She was the youngest passenger on board when the disaster happened.
D) She was taking a journey with her family when the liner hit an iceberg.
23. A) Her father. B) Her mother. C) Her brother. D) Her sister.
24. A) Because it would make her feel uncomfortable.
B) Because she was too sick to attend the ceremony.
C) Because she didn’t like being treated as a celebrity.
D) Because she had to make some miserable speeches.
25. A) V aluable prints taken from the A suitcase filled with donated clothes.
C) Her lifesaving sack in the Apology letters to her from the Fund.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time. you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or does not live up to the manufacturer’s ______26 for it, the first step is to present the guarantee at the store of purchase. ______27, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” the consumer takes his or her
______28, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, ______29 he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in person ______30, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is ______31 to phone or write the complaint in a letter. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but ______32, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in ______33. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by ______34 specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization ______35 protecting consumers’ rights.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of particular, when older patients ____36 of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.
Times have changed. Today, we take pain ____37. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in ____38 a person’s well being. We know that chronic(慢性的) pain can disrupt(扰乱) a person’s life, causing problems that ____39 from missed work to depression.
That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who ____40 in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social ____41 related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often ____42 the work of social workers, psychiatrists(心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.
This modern ____43 for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a ____44 number of drugs available, and many of them caused ____45 side effects in older people，including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.
A) result
B) involves
C) significant
D) rangeE) relieved
F) issues
G) seriously
H) magnificent
I) determining
J) limited
K) gravely
L) complained
M) respect
N) prompting
O) specialize
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Art of Friendship
A) One evening a few years ago I found myself in an anxiety. Nothing was really wrong — my family and I were healthy, my career was busy and successful—I was just feeling vaguely down and in need of a friend who could raise my spirits, someone who would meet me for coffee and let me rant until the clouds lifted. I dialed my best friend, who now lives across the country in California, and got her voicemail. That s when it started to dawn on me—lonesomeness was at the root of my dreariness. My social life had dwindled to almost nothing, but somehow until that moment I d been too busy to notice. Now it hit me hard. My old friends, buddies since college or even childhood, knew everything about me; when they left, they had taken my context with them.
B) Research has shown the long range negative consequences of social isolation on one’s health. But my concerns were more short-term, I needed to feel understood right then in the way that only a girl friend can understand you. I knew it would be wrong to expect my husband to replace my friends: He couldn’t, and even if he could, to whom would I then complain about my husband? So I resolved to acquire new friends—women like me who had kids and enjoyed rolling their eyes at the world a little bit just as I did. Since l’d be making friends with more intention than I’d ever given the process, I realized I could be selective, that I could in effect design my own social life. The downside, of course, was that I felt pretty frightened.
C) After all, it’s a whole lot harder to make friends in midlife than it is when you’re younger—a fact women I’ve spoken with point out again and again. As Leslie Danzig, 41, a Chicago theater director and mother, sees it, when you’re in your teens and 20s, you’ve more or less friends with everyone unless there’s a reason not to be. Your college roommate becomes your best pal at least partly due to proximity. Now there needs to be a reason to be friends. “There are many people I’m comfortable around, but I wouldn’t go so far as to call them friends. Comfort isn’t enough to sustain a real friendship,”Danzig says.
D) At first, finding new companions felt awkward. At 40 I couldn’t run up to people the way my 4-year-old daughters do in the playground and ask, “Will you be my friend?”“Every time you start a new relationship, you’re vulnerable again,”agrees Kathleen Hall, D Min, founder and CEO of the Stress Institute, in Atlanta. “You re asking, ‘Would you like to come into my life?’It makes us self-conscious.”
E) Fortunately, my discomfort soon passed. I realized that as a mature friend seeker my vulnerability risk was actually pretty low. If someone didn’t take me up on my offer, so what: I wasn’t in junior high, when I might have been rejected for having the wrong clothes or hair. At my age I have amassed enough self-esteem to realize that I have plenty to offer.
F) We’re all so busy, in fact, that mutual interests—say, in a project, class, or cause that we already make time for—become the perfect catalysts for bringing us in contact with candidates for camaraderie. Michelle Mertes, 35, a teacher and mother of two in Wausau, Wisconsin, says a new friend she made at church came as a pleasant surprise. “In high school I chose friends based on their popularity and how being part of their circle might reflect on me. Now it’s our shared values and activities that count.”Mertes says her pal, with whom she organized the church’s youth programs, is nothing like her but their drive and organizational skills make them ideal friends.
G) Happily, as awkward as making new friends can be, self esteem issues do not factor in—or if they do, you can easily put them into perspective. Danzig tells of the mother of a child in her son’s preschool, a tall, beautiful woman who is married to a big deal rock musician. “I said to my husband, ‘she’s too cool for me,’”she jokes. “I get intimidated by people. But once I got to know her, she turned out to be pretty laid back and friendly.”In the end there was no chemistry between them, so they didn t become good pals. “I realized that we weren’t each other’s type, but it wasn’t about hierarchy.”What midlife friendship is about, it seems, is reflecting the person you’ve become (or are still becoming) back at yourself, thus reinforcing the progress you ve made in your life.
H) Harlene Katzman, 41, a lawyer in New York City, notes that her oldest friends knew her back when she was less sure of herself. As much as she loves them, she believes they sometimes respond to issues in light of who she once was. An old chum has the goods on you. With recently made friends, you can turn over a new leaf.
I) A new friend, chosen right, can also help you point your boat in the direction you want to go. Hanna Dershowitz, 39, an attorney and mother in Los Angeles, found that a new acquaintance from work was exactly what she needed in a friend. In addition to liking and respecting Julia, Dershowitz had a feeling that the fit and athletic younger woman would help her to get in shape.
J) While you’re busy making new friends, remember that you still need to nurture your old ones. We asked Maria Paul, author of The Friendship Crisis: Finding, Making, and Keeping Friends When You’re Not a Kid Anymore, for the best ways to maintain these important relationships. Keep in touch. Your friends should be a priority; schedule regular lunch dates or coffee catch up
sessions, no matter how busy you are. Know her business. Keep track of important events in a friend’s life and show your support. Call or e-mail to let her know you’re thinking of her. Speak your mind. Tell a friend (politely) if something she did really upset you. If you can’t be totally honest, then you need to reexamine the relationship. Accept her flaws. No one is perfect, so work around her quirks—she’s chronically late, or she’s a bit negative—to cut down on frustration and fights. Boost her ego. Heartfelt compliments make everyone feel great, so tell her how much you love her new sweater or what a great job she did on a work project.
46. Leslie Danzig thought making friends at one’s middle age needed some reasons.
47. A well-chosen new friend can help you go in the direction that you like.
48. A few years ago the author felt lonely and depressed when she phoned her best friend in another city who was much wanted then but unavailable.
49. According to Kathleen Hall, one might feel sensitive in the first course of making new friends.
50. Midlife friendship can help you realize your direction of life and reinforce the progress you
ve made in your life.
51. In Maria Paul’s book, to be a better friend, you should keep track with your friends, care for your friend’s job, express yourself, accept her flaws and compliment your friend for her/his good dressing and job.
52. For the author, a girl friend might be the right person to understand her and erase her negative feeling.
53. According to Michelle Mertes, midlife friendship is based on the shared values and activities.
54. As a mature friend seeker, the author finds herself with enough confidence to offer and take rejection with grace.
55. With newly made friends, you can have a chance to take on a new look in your life.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so. Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking what it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what
Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non stop, usually for 1520 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank screen start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
56. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel”(Lines 3-4, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means .
A) no one can be both creative and critical
B) they cannot be regarded as equally important
C) they are in constant conflict with each other
D) one cannot use them at the same time
57. What prevents people from writing on is .
A) putting their ideas in raw formB) attempting to edit as they write
C) ignoring grammatical soundnessD) trying to capture fleeting thoughts
58.What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?
A) To organize one s thoughts To choose an appropriate topic.
C) To get one’s ideas To collect raw materials.
59. One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that .
A) it overstresses the role of the creative mindB) it takes too much time to edit afterwards
C) it may bring about too much criticismD) it does not help them to think clearly
60. In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?
A) It refines his writing into better It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C) It saves the writing time available to It allows him to sit on the side and observe.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my . at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender(性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture(培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war”stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.
61. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?
A) She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
B) She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.
C) She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D) She finds space research more important.
62. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failures to .
A) the very fact that she is a woman
B) her involvement in gender politics
C) her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist
D) the burden she bears in a male-dominated society
63. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her . and post-doctoral research?
A) Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.
B) Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.
C) People’s stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.
D) Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture.
64. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?
A) Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.
B) Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.
C) Her female students can do just as well as male students.
D) More female students are pursuing science than before.
65. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?
A) Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.
B) Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.
C) Women can balance a career in science and having a family.
D) Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.
Part ⅣTranslation(30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日——中秋节。传说月亮在这一天最大最圆。中秋节的传说有很多，嫦娥(Chans Er)奔月是最为人熟知的故事。虽然各地风俗不同，但是赏月是最流行的活动。到了那天月亮升起的时候，全家人围桌而坐，一边聊天，一边赏月，还可以吃月饼、
石榴(pomegranate)、枣子等水果和点心。
人力资源管理师四级考前冲刺精选试题及答案解析（附答案解析） 一、选择题 1在常见的绩效信息采集方法中,()是考评人员到有关数据统计或汇总的权威部门查证有关数据采集考核信息。 A.实地调查法 B.现场记录法 C.数据积累法 D.问卷调查法 参考答案：C 参考解析： 常见的绩效信息采集方法包括:①实地调查法;②现场记录法;③数据积累法; ④问卷调查法;⑤抽样调查法。其中,数据积累法是指考评人员到有关数据统计或汇总的权威部门查证有关数据采集考核信息。 2下列陈述中,符合绩效考核指标设置要求的是()。 A.让顾客完全满意 B.熟悉设备的使用和维护 C.尽量节约时间 D.每月废品率不超过1% 参考答案：D 参考解析：
绩效应以完成工作所达到的可接受的条件为标准,不宜定得过高。由于绩效标准是考评评判的基础,因此,必须客观化、定量化,具体做法是将考评要项逐一分解,形成考评的评判标准。只有D项指标符合客观化、定量化的要求。 3绩效管理制度的基本内容不包括()。 A.绩效管理的目标 B.员工申诉的管理办法 C.职位晋升的标准 D.考评结果应用原则及配套措施 参考答案：C 参考解析： 在起草和编写企业员工绩效管理制度时,至少应当包括以下十个方面的基本内容:①概括说明建立绩效管理制度的原因、绩效管理的地位和作用;②对绩效管理的组织机构设置、职责范围、业务分工,以及各级参与绩效管理活动的人员的责任、权限、义务和要求做出具体的规定;③明确规定绩效管理的目标、程序和步骤,以及具体实施过程中应当遵守的基本原则和具体的要求;④对各类人员绩效考评的方法、设计的依据和基本原理、考评指标和标准体系做出简要确切的解释和说明;⑤详细规定绩效考评的类别、层次和考评期限;⑥对绩效管理中所使用的报表格式、考评量表、统计口径、填写方法、评述撰写和上报期限,以及对考评结果偏误的控制和剔除提出具体的要求;⑦对绩效考评结果的应用原则和要求,以及与之配套的薪酬奖励、人事调整、晋升培训等规章制度的贯彻实施和相关政策的兑现办法做出明确规定;⑧对各个职能和业务部门年度绩效管理总结、表彰活动和要求做出原则规定;⑨对绩效考评中员工申诉的权利、具体程序和管理办法
2019年深圳罗湖区初三二模英语试卷 说明 1.答题前,务必将自已的姓名、学号等填写在答题卷规定的位置上 2.考生必须在答题卷上披规定作答:凡在试卷、草稿纸上作答的,其答案一律无效 3.全卷共9页,考试时间80分钟,满分100分(听说15分,笔试85分) 笔试部分 第一部分选择题(60分) I.词汇测试(15分) i.根据句意,选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。(8小题,每小题1分) 14.Jenny,have you seen the film Fang Hua? ---Yes,I have. It was written by a celebrated writer, Yan Geling. A single B. famous C fashionable 15.-Mum,that iPhone X looks really nice! ---sorry,Lily it' s too expensive.We cannot afford it A can buy it later with enough money B cannot borrow money to buy C have no enough money to buy 16.-Mark,I think the answer should be B -John, it's not a proper one.Please try again. A.right B.model C. final 17.-Is there a Minsheng Bank near the shopping mall? -Yes, look and you can see there is one just opposite the mall. A.far from B.next to C.across from 18.The radio in your grandfather's house is out of date,right?
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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第 一套） Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minute s) Directions: There are 4 reading passa ges in this part. Each passage is followe d by some questions or unfinished stateme nts. For each of them there are four choi ces marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the co rresponding letter on the Answer Sheet wi th a single line through the center. Pass age One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the follo wing passage. There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of a nswering theoretical questions; technolog y is a method of solving practical proble ms. Science has to do with discovering th e facts and relationships between observa ble phenomena in nature and with establis
四级考前冲刺试题一 1. 有人认为公交车上年轻人必须给老人让座 2. 有人认为年轻人没有义务给老人让座 3. 你的看法Is Offering Seats Compulsory for Young Passengers? Eat an Apple (Doctor’s Orders) The farm stand is becoming the new apothecary (药剂师), preparing and giving out apples — not to mention vegetables such as artichokes, asparagus and arugula — to fill a novel kind of prescription. Doctors at three health centers in Massachusetts have begun advising patients to eat “prescription produce” from local farmers’ markets, in an effort to fight obesity (when someone is very fat in a way that is unhealthy) in children of low-income families. Now they will give coupons (赠券) amounting to $1 a day for each member of a patient’s family to promote healthy meals. “A lot of these kids have a very limited range of fruits and vegetables that are acceptable and familiar to them. Potentially, they will try more,” said Dr. Suki Tepperberg, a family physician at Codman Square Health Center in Dorchester, one of the program sites. “The goal is to get them to increase their consumption of fruit and vegetables by one serving a day.” The effort may also help farmers’ markets compete with fast-food restaurants selling dollar value meals. Farmers’ markets do more than $1 billion in annual sales in the United States, according to the Agriculture Department. Massachusetts was one of the first states to promote these markets as hubs of preventive health. In the 1980s, for example, the state began issuing coupons for farmers’ markets to low-income women who were pregnant or breast-feeding or for young children at risk for malnutrition (营养不良). Thirty-six states now have such farmers’ market nutri tion programs aimed at women and young children. Thomas M. Menino, the mayor of Boston, said he believed the new children’s program, in which doctors write vegetable “prescriptions” to be filled at farmers’ markets, was the first of its kind. Doctors will track participants to determine how the program affects their eating patterns and to monitor health indicators like weight and body mass index, he said. “When I go to work in the morning, I see kids standing at the bus stop eating chips and drinking a soda,” Mr. Menino said in a phone interview earlier this week. “I hope this will help them change their eating habits and lead to a healthier lifestyle.” The mayor’s attention to healthy eating dates to his days as a city councilman. Most recently he has app ointed a well-known chef as a food policy director to promote local foods in public schools and to foster market gardens in the city. Although obesity is a complex problem unlikely to be solved just by eating more vegetables, supporters of the vegetable coupon program hope that physician intervention will spur young people to adopt the kind of behavioral changes that can help prevent lifelong obesity. Childhood obesity in the United States costs $14.1 billion annually in direct health expenses like prescription drugs and visits to doctors and emergency rooms, according to a recent article on the economics of childhood obesity published in the journal Health Affairs. Treating obesity-related illness in adults costs an estimated $147 billion annually, the article said. Although the vegetable prescription pilot project is small, its supporters see it as a model for encouraging obese children and their families to increase the volume and variety of fresh produce they eat. “Can we help people in low-income areas, who shop in the center of supermarkets for low-cost empty-calorie food, to shop at farmers’ markets by making fruit and vegetables more affordable?” said Gus Schumacher, the chairman of Wholesome Wave, a nonprofit gro up in Bridgeport, Conn., that supports family farmers and community access to locally grown produce. If the pilot project is successful, Mr. Schumacher said, “farmers’ markets would become like a fruit and vegetable pharmacy (药房) for at-risk families.” The pilot project plans to enroll up to 50 families of four at three health centers in Massachusetts that already have specialized children’s programs called healthy weight clinics. A foundation called CAVU, for Ceiling and Visibility Unlimited, sponsors the clinics that are administering the vegetable project. The Massachusetts Department of Agriculture and Wholesome Wave each contributed $10,000 in seed money. (Another arm of the program, at several health centers in Maine, is giving fresh produce coupons to pregnant mothers.) The program i s to run until the end of the farmers’ market season in late fall. One month after Leslie-Ann Ogiste, a certified nursing assistant in Boston, and her 9-year-old son, Makael Constance, received their first vegetable prescription coupons at the Codman Center, they have lost a combined four pounds, she said. A staff member at the center told Ms. Ogiste about a farmers’ market that is five minutes from her apartment, she said. “It worked wonders,” said Ms. Ogiste, who bought and prepared eggplant, cucumbers, tomatoes, summer squash, corn, bok choy, parsley, carrots and red onions. “Just the variety, it did help.” Ms. Ogiste said she had minced some vegetables and used them in soup, pasta sauce and rice dishes — the better to disguise the new good-for-you foods that she served her son. Makael said he did not mind. “It’s really good,” he said. Some nutrition researchers said that the Massachusetts project had a good chance of improving eating habits in the short term. But, they added, a vegetable prescription program in isolation may not have a long-term influence on reducing obesity. Families may revert to their former habits in the winter when the farmers’ markets are closed, these researchers said, or they may not be able to afford fresh pr oduce after the voucher program ends. Dr. Shikha Anand, the medical director of CAVU’s healthy weight initiative, said the group hoped to make the veggie prescript ion project a year-round program through partnerships with grocery stores. But people tend to overeat junk food in higher proportion than they undereat vegetables, said Dr. Deborah A. Cohen, a senior natural scientist at the RAND Corporation. So, unless people curtail (减少) excessive consumption of salty and sugary snacks, she said, behavioral changes like eating more fruit and vegetables will have limited effect on obesity.
扬州中学教育集团树人学校九年级模拟考试 英语试卷 说明： 1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题～第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题～第81题， 共36题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.答题前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，同时务必在试卷的装 订线内将本人的姓名、准考证号、毕业学校填写好，在试卷第4页的右下角填写好座位号。3.所有的试题都必须在专用的“答题卡”上作答，选择题用2B铅笔作答、非选择题在指定位置用 0.5毫米黑色水笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。 一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题l分，计15分） 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 ( )1. Tom told me that he needed a chair and that soon he found _________. A. it B. that C. one D. the one ( )2. I knock at the door several times but ____answered, so I left. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody ( )3. —_____ did your family spend the New Year? —In our hometown. A. Why B. When C. Where D. How ( )4. — How long will it be ________ the Stock Market returns to normal? — At least one year, I guess. A. before B. when C. until D. that ( )5. You are not ______ to smoke here. It’s dangerous. A. supposed B. suggested C. used D. allowing ( )6. — What took you so long? — I got lost. I have no _________ of direction. A. feeling B. ability C. knowledge D. sense ( )7. The best way to make sure that you can keep fit is to ______ healthy eating habits. A. find B. develop C. shape D. prepare ( )8. My computer began to return to the ______ running state after I killed the virus by newly-updated Kill 3000. A. ordinary B. normal C. average D. common ( )9. People _________ are bored are more likely to turn to unhealthy habits like smoking. A. which B. whom C. whose D. who ( )10. Their car broke down while they ________in the desert. A. drove B. were driving C. are driving D. will drive ( )11. Please pass the glasses, my dear. I can __________ read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C. rather D. clearly ( )12. The computer system _____suddenly while he was surfing the Internet.
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第 一套） Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice
大学英语四级考前阅读冲刺复习应做到三精读一略读 距离四级考试还有10天左右的时间，复习也进入了最后阶段，建议各位考生利用这最后的时间进一步提升考试能力,找到冲刺的感觉。 冲刺备考 一、模考。 尚未进行过模考的同学应该利用上午时段，严格按照考试时间进行1-3次模考。模考建议用06年6月四级改革以后的4套真题。由于目前还没有一套模拟题可以像真题一样更贴近真题难度，所以不建议用模拟题。大家一定要通过对真题的模考来检验自己的真实水平，并适应考试的强度。尽量避免出现在考场上大脑一片空白或是在听完听力以后感觉耗尽了精力没办法让自己在集中精神在阅读文章上的情况。新增加的两类题型快速阅读和选词填空到目前为止只考过4次，这4篇真题就是最好的复习依据。 二、新题型。 在四级改革后的4次考试中，快速阅读作为一种新题型，呈现出多样化的特点：有的有小标题，有的没有小标题;有的题型是判断+填空，有的是四选一+填空。在多样化的表象背后有一个共性：那就是快速阅读的考察目的，即考生在短时间内处理大量信息的能力。 这就要求考生必须掌握略读(skimming)和寻读(scanning)技巧。略读，就是只读文章的标题、首段、小标题，了解文章的主题和结构。寻读，就是根据题干的关键词在原文中定位。这里要提醒考生一点，在运用寻读技巧做题的时候，不要像做仔细阅读那样一次把所有题干都看完，建议看一题做一题，按照题目顺序在文章中找定位，这样又快又准确。 快速阅读的四选一题型的难度比仔细阅读低很多，关键是要找到原文的同义替换。判断题NG选项难度稍大，如无把握就判断为N。填空题如果有难度，可以做一个简单的减法:把原文中与题干相同的成分去掉，原文剩下的部分照抄就是答案。 新四级另一种新题型是选词填空。选词填空的难度比完形填空低，主要考察考生的词汇水平。所以对于15个备选单词，考生认识得越多得分就会越高。建议重点背已经考过的选项、完形填空中的选项、阅读文章中不认识的单词以及四级高频词汇。做题技巧是：先把备选单词按词性分类，然后根据空白前后的单词词性来判断该空白填什么词性的单词，最后根据上下句内容来选择正确的单词。 三、老题型的新特点。 新四级的仔细阅读增加了文章的长度和段落数量，题型向细节性方向发展。仔细阅读要求做到三精读一略读。一是精读文章首段和每段第一次出现的结论句，了解文章的主题和结构。二是精读关键词定位的地方，请注意，细节题题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较，
北京市东城区2018-2019学期初三英语二模考试试卷 一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。每段对话读 两遍。（共4分，每小题1分） 二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独自的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳 选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。（共12分，每小题1分） 请听一段对话，完成第5至第6小题。 5．What fruit does John have for breakfast? A．An apple. B．An orange. C．A banana. 6．What does he drink? A．Milk. B．Juice. C．Coffee. 请听一段对话，完成第7至第8小题。 7．Where’re the speakers? A．In China. B．In the USA. C．In Australia. 8．What does the man do? A．He is a student. B．He is a teacher. C．He is a tourist. 请听一段对话，完成第9至第10小题。 9．How does Lucy get the chance to go to England? A．She has won a competition.
B．She has saved enough money. C．She has made lots of friends. 10．What’s the highest temperature in July in England? A．10 degrees. B．20 degrees. C．30 degrees. 请听一段对话，完成第11至第13小题。 11．What’s wrong with Mike? A．He had a cold. B．He hurt his head. C．He broke his legs. 12．How long will he stay at home? A．At least two weeks. B．At least three weeks. C．At least four weeks. 13．How can Mike keep up with his classmates? A．He listens to t}le lessons at home. B．Tony will help him through the Internet. C．His teacher will go t0 his home to help him. 请听一段独白，完成第14至第16小题。 14．Ⅵmat can you do in the Study Centre? A．Take exams. B．Talk with friends. C．Do language practice. 15．How many books can you borrow at a time? A．Six. B．Four. C．Two. 16．What’s the speaker doing? A．Giving some advice. B．Making an introduction. C．Offering an invitation. 三、听对话。根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，记录关键信息。对话读两遍。（共8分，每 小题2分） A．Tim gave her a cup of tea B．He thought for a while and smiled C．It was a worried young lady D．She found the money in her handbag E．I could go to fret it after her death 知识运用（共27分） 四、单项填空（共15分，每小题1分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 21．I’m going to the cinema. Would you like to go with ________? A．me B．I C．my D．mine 22．Bob usually gets up at seven ________ the morning. A．on B．at C．in D．of 23．Alice and Tina ________ good friends. They both like dancing. A．be B．am C．is D．are 24．— Your new skirt looks beautiful. ________ did you buy it? — At Wangfujing. A．How B．Where C．When D．What 25．Don’t just stand there. Do ________! A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing 26．Although this house is ________ than that one, it’s more comfortable. A．smaller B．small C．smallest D．the smallest 27．— ________ you make a cake by yourself? — No, I can’t. A．Must B．May C．Can D．Should
大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s