2017年英语专业四级真题及答案
III. 语言知识：
11. ___B_____ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot.
A. Regarding
B. Whatever.
C. In so far as
D. No matter
12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closed door, ____B______ the women gave a quick knock before opening it..
A. wherein
B. on which
C. but when
D. then
13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ______C____ with seven years’ racing experience.
A. woman drivers
B. women driver
C. women drivers
D. woman driver
14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.”The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___.
A. past event for exact time reference
B. present event for tentativeness
C. present event for uncertainty
D. past event for politeness
15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______.
A. alleviate hostility
B. express unfavorable feelings
C. indicate uncertainty
D. make a suggestion
16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____.
A obligation
B disappointment
C future in the past D. tentativeness
17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that _____D______ history.
A. could have later made
B. should have made later
C. might make later
D. would later make
18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ___C___by microbes.
A. having been created
B. being created
C. to have been created
D. to be created
19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone.
A. would have been …had been
B. should be … had been
C. could be … were
D. might have been… were
20. You must fire __C____ incompetent assistant of yours
A. the
B. an
C. that
D. whichever
21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their __A___to reveal themselves.
A. characters
B. characteristics
C. charisma D characterizations
22. If you intend to melt the snow for drinking water, you can ___D_____ extra purity by running it through a coffee filter.
A. assure
B. insure
C. reassure
D. ensure
23. The daisy-like flowers of chamomile have been used for centuries to ___B____anxiety and insomnia.
A. decline
B. relieve C quench D suppress
24. Despite concern about the disappearance of the album in popular music, 2014 delivered a great crop of album ___C_______.
A. publications B appearances C. releases D. presentations
25. The party’s reduced vote in the general election was ___C______of lack of support for its policies.
A. revealing
B. confirming
C. indicative
D. evident
26. He closed his eyes and held the two versions of La Mappa to his mind’s __B______ to analyze their differences.
A. vision B eye C. view D. sight
27. Twelve pupils were killed and five ___A_____injured after gunmen attacked the school during lunchtime.
A. critically
B. enormously
C. greatly
D. hard
28. A 15-year-old girl has been arrested ___C_____ accusations of using Instagram to anonymously threaten her high-school.
A. over
B. with
C. on
D. for
29. It was reported that a 73-year-old man died on an Etihad flight __D______to Germany from Abu Dhabi.
A. bounded
B. binded
C. boundary
D. bound
30. It’s ____B_____ the case in the region; a story always sounds clear enough at a distanced, but the nearer you get to the scene of events the vaguer it becomes.
A. unchangeably
B. invariably
C. unalterably
D. immovably
IV. 完形填空：
A. always
B. barely
C. demise
D. emergence
E. gained
F. implications
G. leaf
H. lost
I. naturally
J. object
K. one
L. online
M. rising
N. single
O. value
MILLIONS of people now rent their movies the Netflix way. They fill out a wish list from the 50,000 titles on the company's Web site and receive the first few DVD's in the mail; when they mail each one back, the next one on the list is sent. The Netflix model has been exhaustively analyzed for its disruptive, new-economy（31）implications. What will it mean for video stores like Blockbuster, which has, in fact, started a similar service? What will it mean for movie studios and theaters? What does it show about "long tail" businesses -- ones that combine many niche markets, like those for Dutch movies or classic musicals, into a (32)single large audience? But one other major implication has (33)barely been mentioned: what this and similar Internet-based businesses mean for that stalwart of the old economy, the United States Postal Service.
Every day, some two million Netflix envelopes come and go as first-class mail. They are joined by millions of other shipments from（34）online pharmacies, eBay vendors, https://www.doczj.com/doc/055901213.html, and other businesses that did not exist before the Internet.
The（35）demise of "snail mail" in the age of instant electronic communication has been predicted at least as often as the coming of the paperless office. But the consumption of paper keeps （36）rising. It has roughly doubled since 1980. On average, an American household receives twice as many pieces of mail a day as it did in the 1970's.
The harmful side of the Internet's impact is obvious but statistically less important than many would guess. People (37) naturally write fewer letters when they can send e-mail messages. To (38) leaf through a box of old paper correspondence is to know what has been _(39) lost i n this shift: the pretty stamps, the varying look and feel of handwritten and typed correspondence, the tangible (40) object that was once in the sender's hands.
V. Reading comprehension
Section A
Passage one
（1）When I was a young girl living in Ireland, I was always pleased when it rained, because that meant I could go treasure hunting. What’s the connection between a wet day and a search for
buried treasure? Well, it’s quite simple. Ireland, as some of you may already know, is the home of Leprechauns – little men who possess magic powers and, perhaps more interestingly, pots of gold. （2）Now, although Leprechauns are interesting characters, I have to admit that I was more intrigued by the stories of their treasure hoard. This, as all of Ireland knows, they hide at the end of the rainbow. Leprechauns can be fearsome folk but if you can discover the end of the rainbow, they have to unwillingly surrender their gold to you. So whenever it rained, I would look up in the sky and follow the curve of the rainbow to see where it ended. I never did unearth any treasure, but I did spend many happy, showery days dreaming of what I could do with the fortune if I found it.
（3）As I got older, and started working, rainy days came to be just another nuisance and my childhood dreams of finding treasure faded. But for some people the dream of striking it lucky never fades, and for a fortunate few, the dream even comes true! Such is the case of Mel Fisher. His dream of finding treasure also began in childhood, while reading the great literature classics “Treasure Island” and “Moby Dick”. However, unlike myself, he chased his dream and in the end managed to become one of the most famous professional treasure hunters of all time, and for good reason. In 1985, he fished up the priceless cargo of the sunken Spanish ship Atocha, which netted him an incredible $400 million dollars!
（4）After the ship sank in 1622 off the coast of Florida, its murky waters became a treasure tro ve of precious stones, gold bars and silver coins known as “pieces of eight”. The aptly-named Fisher, who ran a commercial salvaging operation, had been trying to locate the underwater treasure for over 16 years when he finally hit the jackpot! His dreams had come true but finding and keeping the treasure wasn’t all plain sailing. After battling with hostile conditions at sea, Fisher then had to battle in the courts. In fact, the State of Florida took Fisher to court over ownership of the find and the Federal government soon followed suit. After more than 200 hearings, Fisher agreed to donate 20% of his yearly findings for public display, and so now there is a museum in Florida which displays hundreds of the objects which were salvaged from the Atocha.
（5）This true story seems like a modern-day fairytale: a man pursues his dream through adversity and in the end, he triumphs over the difficulties - they all live happily ever after, right? Well, not exactly. Archaeologists object to the fact that with commercial salvaging operations like
passage One (Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice) In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned．There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging．Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other．What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all．We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged．The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing．We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute．The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing．No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us． The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing．They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement．If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution．Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake．In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme．The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us．Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law． Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other’s problems．And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information．'Talk, talk, talk,’the advocates of violence say,‘all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser．’It’s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge．After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser．‘Possible, my lord,’the barrister replied,‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed．’Knowledge
常用英语单词分类记忆 学科 mathematics / mAWi5mAtiks/ 数学 arts / arts/ 文科 science / 5saiEns/ 理科 history / 5histEri/ 历史 geometry / dVi5Rmitri/ 几何 geography / dVi5RgrEfi/ 地理 geology / dVi5RlEdVi/ 地质学 biology / bai5RlEdVi/ 生物 chemistry / 5kemistri/ 化学 physics / 5fiziks/ 物理 literature / 5litEritFE/ 文学 sociology / sEusi5RlEdVi/ 社会学philosophy / fi5lRsEfi/ 哲学 psychology / sai5kRlEdVi/ 心理学engineering / endVi5niEriN/ 工程学medicine / 5medisin/ 医学 agriculture / 5AgrikQltFE/ 农学astronomy / Es5trRnEmi/ 天文学economics / i：kE5nRmiks/ 经济学 politics / 5pRlitiks/ 政治学 law / lR：/ 法学 finance / fai5nAns, fi-/ 财政学architecture / 5a：kitektFE/ 建筑学 艺术流派 Byzantine / bi5zAntain/ 拜占庭式Romanesque / 5roumE5nesk/ 罗马式Gothic / 5gRWik/ 哥特式 Baroque / bE5rEuk/ 巴洛克式 classicism / 5klAsisizEm/ 古典主义,古典风格romanticism / rou5mAntisizm/ 浪漫主义realism / 5riElizEm/ 现实主义 symbolism / 5simbElizm/ 象征主义impressionism / im5prZFEnizEm/ 印象主义expressionism / / 表现主义 Fauvism / 5fouvizm/ 野兽派 abstract art / / 抽象派, 抽象主义 Cubism / 5kju：bizm/ 立体派, 立体主义naturalism / 5nAtFErElizEm/ 自然主义existentialism / / 存有主义 futurism / 5fju：tFErizm/ 未来主义 文学 author / 5R：WE/ 作者essay / 5esei/ 随笔 reportage / repR：5tB：V/ 报告文学criticism / 5kritisizEm/ 评论 anthology / An5WRlEdVi/ 选集 edition / i5diFEn/ 版 work / wE：k/ 作品 masterpiece / 5ma：stEpi：s/ 杰作copyright / 5kRpirait/ 版权, 著作权humanities / / 人文学科 writer / 5raitE/ 作家 volume / 5vRljum/ 卷 theatre / 5WiEtE/ 戏剧 drama / 5dra：mE/ 话剧 comedy / 5kRmidi/ 喜剧 tragedy / 5trAdVidi/ 悲剧 farce / fa：s/ 滑稽剧 play / plei/ 剧本 playwright / 5pleirait/ 编剧 performance / pE5fR：mEns/ 演出 act / Akt/ 幕 scene / si：n/ 场 plot / plRt/ 情节 intrigue / in5tri：g/ 错综复杂的剧情 story / 5stR：ri/ 故事 episode / 5episEud/ 逸事 denouement / / 结局 poetry / 5pEuitri/ 诗歌 poet / pEuit/ 诗人 poem / 5pEuim/ 诗 ode / oud/ 颂歌 sonnet / 5sRnit/ 十四行诗 verse / vE：s/ (诗)节 line / lain/ (诗)行 rhyme / raim/ 韵脚,押韵 metrics / 5mEtriks/ 韵律学,格律学 prose / prEuz/ 散文 novel / 5nRvEl/ 小说 biography / bai5RgrEfi/ 自传 allegory / 5AligEri/ 寓言 science fiction / 5fikFEn/ 科幻,科学幻想小说satire / 5sAtaiE/ 讽刺诗 essay / 5esei/ 杂文 composition / kRmpE5ziFEn/ 学术著作rhetoric / 5retErik/ 修辞学
自2016年起，专四考试写作部分改革，要求根据所给的题目、图表或阅读材料等，写一篇200词左右的作文。出现的新题型命题+ 材料作文对考生的阅读理解及归纳能力提出了更高的要求。考生可以 米取“简短概述材料一评论一总结”的写作模式。值得注意的是，在 写作过程中，概述材料和进行评论缺一不可，否则将可能被扣分。 例题1 PART VI WRITING Read carefully the followi ng excerpt and the n write your respo nse in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, i n which you should: 1) Summarize the main messageof the excerpt, and the n 2) Comment on whether students learn more from classes tha n from other resources You can support yourself with information from the excerpt. Marks will be awarded for content releva nee, content sufficie ncy, orga ni zati on and Ian guage quality. Failure to follow the above in structi ons may result in a loss of marks.
范文1 In the information age, the traditional student-teacher relati on ship has bee n affected deeply and people beg in to doubt whether stude nts can lear n more from classes tha n from other resources（. 介绍背景）According to the conventional view, teachers are still the primary source from which students obtain professional knowledge, timely class interaction, and effective supervision from teachers（. 总结第一种观点）On the contrary, nowadays, many people believe that students can learn more from other resourcessuch as Internet and TV since they are more accessible and engage students more actively in
2018 英语专八阅读练习题及答案 英语专业八级针对的对象是英语及相关专业大四学生。非英语及相 关专业与非在校生无法参加考试。英语专业八级考试(TEM-8),全称为 全国高校英语专业八级考试。应届毕业生网小编为大家整理了2018 英 语专八阅读练习题及答案汇总，供各位考生参考。 Exploration of the Titanic After resting on the ocean floor, split asunder and rusting, for nearly three-quarters of a century, a great ship seemed to cone alive again. The saga of the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, carrying more than 1,500 passengers to their death, has been celebrated in print and on film, in poetry and song. But last week what had been legendary suddenly became real. As they viewed videotapes and photographs of the sunken leviathan, millions of people around the world could sense her mass, her eerie quiet and the ruined splendor of a lost age. Watching on television, they vicariously joined the undersea craft Alvin and Jason Jr. (J.J.) as they toured the wreckage of the luxury liner, wandering across the decks past corroded bollards, peering into the officers quarters and through rust-curtained portholes. Views of the railings where doomed passengers and crewmembers stood evoked images of the moonless night 74years ago when the great ship slipped beneath the waves. The two-minute videotape and nine photographs, all in color and shot 12,500ft.under the North Atlantic, were a tiny sample of 60 hours of video and 60,000 stills garnered during the twelve-day exploration. They are released at a Washington press conference conducted by Marine Geologist Robert Ballard, 44, who led the teams from the Wood Hole Oceanographic
大学四级英语词汇分类汇总 catalog 一、Animal (2) 二、Architecture .. 2 三、Art (3) 四、Business (4) 五、Clothing (4) 六、Combat (5) 七、Direction (6) 八、Family (6) 九、Food (6) 十、Fruit (7) 十一、Grammar (7) 十二、Health (7) 十三、Home (9) 十四、Kitchen (10) 十五、Law (10) 十六、Map (11) 十七、Measure (11) 十八、Nature (12) 十九、Job (13) 二十、Politics (14) 二十一、Religion . 14 二十二、School (14) 二十三、Sport (16) 二十四、Time (16) 二十五、Transport 16 二十六、Vegetable 17
一、Animal 1.barn n.谷仓；牲口棚 2.biology n.生物学；生态 学 3.bristle n.短而硬的毛； 鬃毛 4.brood n.同窝幼鸟vt. 孵(蛋) 5.camel n.骆驼 6.claw n.爪，脚爪，螯 7.cock n.公鸡；雄禽；旋 塞 8.cow n.母牛，奶牛；母 兽 9.crawl vi.爬，爬行 10.creep vi.爬行；缓慢地 行进 11.cricket n.板球；蟋蟀 12.crow n.鸦，乌鸦vi.啼 13.flock n.羊群，群；大量 14.frog n.蛙 15.fur n.软毛；毛皮，裘皮 16.hare n.野兔 17.hatch vt.孵出vi.(蛋)孵 化 18.hawk n.鹰，隼 19.herd n.兽群，牧群vt. 放牧 20.inn n.小旅店；小酒店 21.insect n.昆虫，虫 https://www.doczj.com/doc/055901213.html,mb n.羔羊，小羊；羔 羊肉 https://www.doczj.com/doc/055901213.html,undry n.洗衣房，洗衣 店 https://www.doczj.com/doc/055901213.html,l n.磨坊；制造厂 25.mosquito n.蚊子 26.nest n.巢，窝，穴 27.nursery n.托儿所；苗圃 28.owl n.猫头鹰，枭 29.ox n.牛；公牛，阉牛 30.paw n.脚爪，爪子 31.pigeon n.鸽子 32.reproduce vt.&vi.繁殖， 生殖 33.saddle n.鞍子，马鞍 34.seal n.海豹 35.shell n.壳；贝壳；炮弹 36.shepherd n.牧羊人，羊 倌 37.sparrow n.麻雀 38.spider n.蜘蛛 39.squirrel n.松鼠 40.stable n.厩，马厩，牛 棚 41.swan n.天鹅 42.tortoise n.龟，乌龟 43.worm n.虫，蠕虫 44.ant n.蚂蚁 45.zebra n.斑马 二、Architecture 1.alloy n.合金；(金属的) 成色 2.aluminum n.铝 3.amplify vat.放大，增强； 扩大 4.apparatus n.器械，仪器； 器官 5.appliance n.用具，器具， 器械 6.area n.面积；地区；领 域 7.ash n.灰，灰末；骨灰 8.ax n.斧子 9.barrel n.桶；圆筒；枪 管 10.barrier n.栅栏，屏障； 障碍 11.battery n.电池；一套， 一组 12.beam n.梁；横梁；束， 柱 13.bell n.钟，铃，门铃； 钟声 14.blade n.刀刃，刀片；叶 片 15.bolt n.螺栓；插销vat. 闩门 16.bow n.弓；蝴蝶结；鞠 躬 17.brass n.黄铜；黄铜器 18.cable n.缆，索；电缆； 电报 19.cassette n.盒式录音带； 盒子 20.castle n.城堡；巨大建筑 物 21.ceiling n.天花板，顶蓬 22.cellar n.地窑，地下室 23.cement n.水泥；胶泥vt. 粘结 24.chimney n.烟囱，烟筒； 玻璃罩 25.coal n.煤，煤块 26.concrete n.混凝土；具 体物 27.construction n.建造；建 筑；建筑物 28.copper n.铜；铜币，铜 制器 29.corridor n.走廊，回廊， 通路 30.cottage n.村舍，小屋 31.crystal n.水晶，结晶体； 晶粒 32.disk n.圆盘，唱片；磁 盘 33.fence n.栅栏 34.fertilizer n.肥料 35.fuel n.燃料vat.给…加 燃料 36.furniture n.家具；装置， 设备 37.gasoline n.(美)汽油 38.hammer n.锤，榔头vat. 锤击 39.handle n.柄，把手vat. 拿，触 40.hardware n.五金器具； 硬件 41.hay n.干草
历年专四作文题 1992 My View on Reading Extensively You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state clearly what your view is. In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. 1993 My Idea of Becoming a Teacher in the Future 1994 TV: a good thing or a bad thing? 1995 Nowadays it has become fashionable for college students to take a part-time job in their spare time. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend. 1996 Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Student’s Union to write a passage entitled: The Main Difference between My College Life and My Middle School Life 1997 Some of your classmates think that more pressure from academic studies is not beneficial to students. You either agree or disagree with them: More pressure from academic studies does (does not) good to us 1998 It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. Your are to suggest only ONE way to solve the problem. One way to solve the problem 1999 We see advertisements on television everyday. Some people think that TV advertising brings as benefits, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion? A major advantage/disadvantage of advertising on television 2000 College life should be varied and colorful. And extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improvement in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled: The importance of extracurricular activities 2001 Travel has become part of our life. And more and more of us have come to know the significance of travel through our own experience: Travel Broadens the mind 2002 Nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise every day; others try to keep a balanced diet. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?
历年专八短文改错试题 2014年英语专八改错真题答案 There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? What motivates people to acquire additional languages? What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language? What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the) the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting) so. W hether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact) 2013英语专八改错真题答案 Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____ listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______ happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______ Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______ you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______
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历年专四作文题 1995 Nowadays it has become fashionable for college students to take a part-time job in their spare time. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend. 1996 Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Student’s Union to write a passage entitled: The Main Difference between My College Life and My Middle School Life You are to write in three paragraphs. In the first paragraph, state clearly what you think the main difference is between college and middle school life. In the second paragraph, state which life you prefer and why. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or suggestion. 1997 Some of your classmates think that more pressure from academic studies is not beneficial to students. You either agree or disagree with them: More pressure from academic studies does (does not) good to us You are to write in three paragraphs. In the first paragraph state clearly what your view is. In the second paragraph, support your view with details. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or suggestion. 1998 It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. Your are to suggest only ONE way to solve the problem. One way to solve the problem You are to write in three parts. In the first paragraph, state what your suggested way is. In the second paragraph, state one or two advantages of your suggestion on. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion . 1999 We see advertisements on television everyday. Some people think that TV advertising brings as benefits, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion? A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television You are to write in three parts. In the first paragraph, state just ONE major advantage or disadvantage of TV adv ertising. In the second paragraph, give one or two reasons to support your point of view. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.