就新大纲而言，广大考生最关注的是和去年相比，有什么最新的变化，接下来复习的权重是什么。这里首先可以给同学们吃颗定心丸，今年的考纲在考试范围、考试要求、考试形式、试卷结构上均无变化，所以同学们可以承接前一阶段的复习成效，继续按照已有计划进行学习。
各题型解读篇
很多同学都很迷惑英语一和英语二在考查要求上究竟有什么区别，下面跨考教育英语教研室张老师在与英语一考纲要求的对比中，对考研英语二的考纲进行全方位的解读。
一、考试性质
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的统考科目。
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)是为高等院校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的统考科目。
即英语(一)是针对学术硕士研究生的考生，英语(二)是针对专业硕士研究生的考生。专业硕士研究生主要包括以下19种：法律硕士、社会工作硕士、教育硕士、体育硕士、汉语国际教育硕士、翻译硕士、艺术硕士、风景园林硕士、工程硕士、建筑学硕士、农业推广硕士、兽医硕士、临床医学硕士、口腔医学硕士、公共卫生硕士、会计硕士、工商管理硕士、公共管理硕士、军事硕士。
考研英语试卷一分为二既是为了顺应考研英语测试向更加科学化、多样化、
公平化等方面发展的需要，也是对硕士研究生人才选拔方式的一次大胆尝试。从学习和考试的角度来讲，这种一分为二提供的更多的是机遇，而不是挑战，因为总的来说考研英语没有增加新的东西，只是进行了合理的拆分，只要明确了自己的努力方向，这种拆分无论对于英语(一)的考生还是对于英语(二)的考生都是有所帮助的。
二、评价目标
1．语法
英语二明确了八个语法知识点。英语(一)大纲要求考生能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，而英语(二)专门列出了考生需要掌握的八个语法知识点，明确了考查方向和备考范围。这就意味着英语(二)语法考查范围相对较小，更注重考查考生的基础知识，难度会比英语(一)大大降低。建议考生把这八个语法知识点认真吃透，并加以灵活运用。
2．词汇
英语二词汇的复习重点有别于英语一词汇。英语(一)大纲要求“考生能掌握5500左右的词汇及相关词组”。而英语(二)大纲要求“考生应能较熟练地掌握5500个左右的常用词汇以及相关常用词组”。可见，英语(二)不会像英语一那样偏重对词汇词义和用法的深度挖掘，而是主要偏重考查“常用”的词汇和词组，其考查的难度大家就心里有底了。
此外，英语一对词汇还提出了更全面的要求“除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考
生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等”。而英语(二)提到的是“考生应能根据具体的语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义”。由此可见，英语(一)与英语(二)的词汇要求侧重点不同，英语(一)的要求相对较高，考生复习起来难度和任务量也较大，而英语(一)对词汇的要求相对较低，更多的只是考查考生根据语境推测非常用词词义的能力。因此，英语(二)应以此为参考，明确自己词汇复习的重点。
最后，在阅读能力要求方面，英语(二)大纲去掉了括号里的“生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%”这一条。可见，英语(二)涉及到的生词量问题较少，考查生词的可能性也降到了最低。
3．阅读能力
英语(二)阅读能力要求相对较低。英语(一)大纲要求“考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献、技术说明和产品介绍等”。而英语(二)大纲要求“考生应能读懂不同题材和体裁的文字材料，题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等”。由此可见，英语(二)不仅明确告诉了考生文章选材的题材和体裁，而且只字未提超纲词，这就是考生备考能够有的放矢，知道从哪些题材的文章去多做积累和准备，同时也不必过于担心超纲词的问题。
此外，英语(一)对考生的八大阅读能力要求，在英语(二)大纲里变成了六条，少了“理解文中的概念性含义”和“区分论点和论据”这两条，这两条都对阅读能力有很高的要求。此外，“进行有关的判断、推理和引申”在英语(二)中只剩了一半：“进行一定的判断和推理”，少了“引申”能力这个难点的考查。综上，英语(二)对阅读能力的考查也大大地降低。考生在复习过程中多多注意文章的主旨、文中具体信息、理解作者的意图、观点和态度等方面就可以了。
4．写作能力
英语(二)对写作能力要求也略微低一些。英语(一)大纲要求“考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、或议论性的文章”，还要求“考生做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；遵循文章的特定文体格式；合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯”，由此可见英语一对语言的准确度、文体格式、文章结构、语域的恰当性提出了较高的要求。而英语(二)大纲表述为“考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确，切中题意，结构清晰，条理清楚，用词恰当，无明显语言错误”，由此可见，英语(二)对考生写作能力的要求也降低了，甚至表明出现个别的语言表达错误，也不会很大程度上影响分值。因此，英语(二)考生练习英文写作的时候，多参考范文，从大纲要求的这几个角度，发现范文的闪光点所在，进而通过仿写达到熟练、自如表达的能力。
复习策略篇
1．完型：看重句子结构和词汇搭配运用能力
新大纲出后，完形并没有像许多人所预期的那样如四六级一样取消完形填空，实际上并没有发生任何变化，也就意味着命题人仍然看重考生的句子结构和词汇搭配运用这些基本语法知识问题。它比单纯的语法词汇题要高和难，因为它是放在篇章上下文里来测试。其测试点体现在以下三个方面：
首先考生要读懂文章，然后从句子层面阅读来答题。英语大纲规定完形填空的测试点是三个方面：1．语法结构，包括时态与语态，非谓语动词，主从复合句及其连接用语(该项为重点)，特殊句式，比较结构等。2．词汇考点包括词义辨析和一词多义，词语搭配，固定用法等。因此考生在复习单词时要注意熟记常用词组，掌握词汇的搭配，归纳和区别近义词或同范畴的词语，同时利用词根和词缀来扩展词汇。3．语篇衔接，尤其是要学会利用上下文帮助来答题，同时关注句子之间的逻辑关系，这很有技巧，我会在启航冲刺班告诉大家怎样去拿到一些高分。因此现在要求大家认真提高单词量，把考研核心词汇掌握好，至于一些偏难词或超纲词语，稍微看看就行。
2．翻译：强调基本功
翻译题在大纲出来后并没有发生改变，如往年一样作为阅读的第三部分，它的测试点仍在于常规句子结构的分析能力和一些特殊结构。因此出题人并未受到四六级考试的变化的影响而对大纲作出大的调整，仍然强调学生的基本功。因此我们在做翻译题是，要学会在分析句子结构时要化繁为简，学会抓句子核心主干部分，即主谓宾的习惯，只要句子结构懂了，然后在句子结构下，来决定词义要
容易得多，因为词义服从结构，在参考译文时一定要端正心态，只要基本意思和参考译文相符就可以，不一定要和其译文非常相似，这是许多同学问到的问题，我在此想对广大考生说，在理解句子结构表达时，条条道路通罗马，参考译文不参考，译对就好。
特殊句子结构按照我课堂上提到的7大特殊结构来备考，一定要熟悉这些特殊句子结构考点，因为这是重点也属于难点，是翻译拿高分的地方。另外，我在暑期课翻译课堂上讲到，从9月份开始，找到92的翻译真题到09年的翻译真题，单独把历年的翻译真题拿出来做完，因为翻译是在测试你的基本功和语法分析能力，所以翻译是所有题型的基础，应该拿出来单独做完，而不是放到后面来做，做完翻译之后，再攻阅读，把翻译放到阅读文章中来巩固，我在暑期阅读真题5遍法中已经提到。
3．新题型：关注7选5
新题型在大纲出来后与去年一样并没有发生许多变化，该题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。05、06年考查的是难度相对较大的第一种完形填句(段)题，而07年则选择了难度相对较低的第三种——选择小标题。08、09年继续选择的是完形填句题。10、11年考查的是第二种排序题。12年考查的仍然是完型填句题。不同的题型考查的重点不同，因此有不同的解题思路和技巧，需要考生全面把握，尤其是对于完形填句(段)题和排序题，是对语言能力和阅读理解
能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于小标题选择题和观点例证题，考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。接下来就是阅读的Part B 新题型部分，新题型有四种备考题型，新题型与阅读Part A 的最大差别在于，新题型测试点在于篇章把握文章，不用太多关注细节内容，而阅读Part A 重点在于考细节部分，要求充分读懂文章内容，而7选5不太要求读懂文章的细节内容，要求从整体上把握文章主题，找出做题的信号词，练就一副孙悟空的火眼金睛。
今年考试还是希望大家训练时特别关注7选5，一是因为它是四种备选题型中最难的；二是它在真题中已考过五年，形成一定的出题思路，7选5的测试点是句子和段落之间的逻辑关系，比如句子之间的定义关系，并列关系，例证关系等，这些都应该是做题时的重要依据。
段落排序题测试点更大，要求考生从段落的逻辑关系和写作思路来给段落排序，关键还是在于从文章中找到一些做题的突破口，比如代词照应，名词重复等。接下来的两种备考题型测试点是考词义的概括和具体之间的转化，大家可以上我博客看看相关的文章。
2014年考研英语二真题及答案解析 (1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of English Thinner isn’t always better. A. number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health. Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem___9___ , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,___10___ others with a low BMI may be in poor ___11___ .For example, many collegiate and professional football players ___12___ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a ___13___ BMI. Today we have a(an) ___14___ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes ___15___in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes ___16___ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. ___17___very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity,___18___in health concems，have stimulated a number of anti-obesity__19__.My ownhosital system has banned sugary drinks its facilities.Many employes instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign ___20___childhood obesity，even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat. 第1题 A.denied B.concluded C.doubled D.ensured 第2题 A.protective B.dangerous C.sufficient D.troublesome 第3题 A.Instead B.However C.Likewise D.Therefore
2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(二)试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health. Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI. Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat. 1. [A] denied [B] concluded [C] doubled [D] ensured 2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome 3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore 4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example 5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern 6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of 7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies 8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part
2019年MBA/MPA考研英语（二）真题及答案Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 ,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 . As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals. I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level,strength and inches lost For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto_ 11 _ my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program. I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I'm training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale. Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level. 1. [A] Besides [B] Therefore [C]Otherwise [D] However 2. [A] helps [B]cares [C]warns [D] reduces 3. [A] initially [B] solely [C] occasionally [D] formally 4. [A] recording [B] lowering [C] explaining [D] accepting 5. [A] modify [B] set [C]review [D] reach 6. [A] definition [B] depiction [C] distribution [D] prediction 7. [A] due to [B]regardless of [C] aside from [D] along with 8. [A] orderly [B] rigid [C] precise [D] immediate 9. [A] claims [B]judgments [C] reasons [D] methods 10. [A] instead [B]though [C]again [D]indeed 11. [A] report [B] share [C] share [D] share 12. [A] depend on [B]approve of [C]hold onto [D]account for 13. [A] prepare [B]share [C]share [D] share 14. [A] results [B]features [C]rules [D]tests 15. [A] bored [B]anxious [C]hungry [D] sick 16. [A] principle [B]secret [C]belief [D]sign 17. [A] request [B]necessity [C]decision [D]wish 18. [A] disappointing [B]surprising [C]restricting [D]consuming 19. [A] if because [B]unless [C]until [D]consuming
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Thinner isn’t always better.A number of studies have1that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually2.For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an4of good health. Of even greater5is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined 6body mass index,or BMI.BMI7body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of 18to25is often considered to be normal weight.Between25and30is overweight.And over30is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10others with a low BMI may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players12as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a13BMI. Today we have a(an)14to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes15in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes16with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.17very young children tend to look down on the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity,18in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity 19.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign20childhood obesi-ty,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat. 1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured 2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome 3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore 4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example 5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern 6.[A]in terms of[B]in case of[C]in favor of[D]in of 7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies 8.[A]in essence[B]in contrast[C]in turn[D]in part 9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward 10.[A]so[B]while[C]since[D]unless 11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste 12.[A]start[B]qualify[C]retire[D]stay 13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant 14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency 15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored 16.[A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated
2014年考研英语二大小作文真题及答案解析 英语二大作文 Directions: Write an essay based on the following chart.In your essay, you should 1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments。 You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points) As the bargraph indicates, both city and rural area witnessed a distinguished phenomenonin population fluctuation. Indeed, population in city increased at a breakneckspeed and surpassed that of rural area during the period from 1990 to 2010while population in rural region slightly decreased down to a scale which wasclose to that of city。
Whataccounts for this disparity? The answer involves two factors. The firstcontributing factor is the substantially fast developing steps of cities inChina. No one can deny that since Chinese economic reform from 1980s whichmostly benefits people in city. The second reason is that Chinese farmers enjoythe harvest from new policies that are established to benefit farmers. Peoplein rural areas are allowed to migrate for work and residence by the law and anincreasing number of farmers choose to work in city and become migrant workersjust because they would make much more money than ever before in city. Allthese are the result of urbanization。 Basedon the analyses above, we can safely draw the conclusion that the process ofurbanization will continue in the years ahead, and every single Chinese benefitsfrom the fast development of China。 英语二小作文 Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student, write him an email to 1) tell him about your living habits, and 2) ask for advice about living there。 首先，注意试题要求，一定要在首段告知写信目的后，在第二段给出自己的生活习惯，尾段一定按着题目要求向对方请求一些建议，否则会被认为是没有涵盖所有信息点，会被扣分。 其次，第二段写自己的生活习惯时，不宜写的太过极端和个性，否则你的信件会让目标读者反感，因此起不到大纲要求的“对目标读者产生预期效果”，也会被无情扣掉很多分。
2014考研英语二答案及解析
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题解析 Section I Use of English 1、【答案】B concluded 【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied（否认）与意义相反，doubled（翻倍）与题意较远，ensured（确保）不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。所以正确答案为B。 2、【答案】A protective 【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。Dangerous和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。 3、【答案】C likewise 【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重……。需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。A 选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D选项therefore 表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地；也，而且。因此正确答案为C。 4、【答案】A indicator 【解析】本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。A选项，表示指示器，指标。B选项objective表示客观；C选项origin表示来源，D选项example表示例子。根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。因此正确答案为A。
2014年考研英语（二）试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) 2.[A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome 3.[A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore 4.[A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example 5.[A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern 6.[A] in terms of[B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of 7.[A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies 8.[A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part 9.[A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward
10.[A] so [B] while [C] since [D] unless 11.[A] shape[B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste 12.[A] start [B] qualify [C] retire [D] stay 13.[A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal[D] constant 14.[A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency 15.[A] employed[B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored 16.[A] compared [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated 17.[A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only 18.[A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded 19.[A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies 20.[A] for [B] against [C] with [D] without Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each tex t by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 poi nts) Text 1 What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton. These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dunn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others. This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason
2011年研究生入学考试英语二真题 Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) "The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ? Last month, Howard Schmidt, the n ation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama government a4 to make the Web a safer place —a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license10 by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems that mak e it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12, the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of 13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'" Still, the administration’s plan has16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17be a license” mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though 3． A.careless https://www.doczj.com/doc/055678930.html,wless C.pointless D.helpless 4． A.reason B.reminder https://www.doczj.com/doc/055678930.html,promise D.proposal 5． https://www.doczj.com/doc/055678930.html,rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6． A.by B.into C.from D.over 7． A.linked B.directed C.chained https://www.doczj.com/doc/055678930.html,pared 8． A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve 9． A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize 10． A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered 11． A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in 12． A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13． A.trusted B.modernized C.thriving https://www.doczj.com/doc/055678930.html,peting