Department:安全工程学院Class:安全B122班（分B12乙A-9）Name: 熊昊Student Number: 201210044238
Topic：I have a dream
General: To persuade
Specific purpose:Fight for freedom and equality and employment for blacks
Thesis statement: This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.
Introduction:
1.（Attention Getter）I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
2.（Credibility Statement）…No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream.
3．（Topic）One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we’ve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.
Body
Ⅰ.On Grammatical
1.Reference
(1) And so we’ve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.
The pronoun we refers to I and you. There are many pronoun in the speech, which is an essential tool to unite the audience together. We means that the leader is standing together with them, that they all have suffered the same inequality and discrimination, that his dream is their dream, that they must unite to fight for their own rights and freedom.
2.Substitution
(2) We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one.
3.Ellipsis
(3) We will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like
a mighty stream.
(4) With this faith, we will be able to work together; to pray together; to struggle together; to go to jail together; to…
(5) Free at last! Free at last!
4.Conjunction
(6) But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free…So we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.
Ⅱ.On Lexical
1.Repetition
(8) But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of seGREgation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.
(9) But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the GREat vaults of opportunity of this nation. https://www.doczj.com/doc/026315096.html,e of Parallelism
(10) …by the manacles of seGREgation and the chains of discrimination…
(11) “there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America…”
A. parallel nouns:
(12) 1963 is not an end, but a beginning
B. Parallel noun phrases:
(13) So we have to came to cash this check-a check that will give as upon demand the riches of freedom and The security of justice.
C. Parallel infinitive phrases:
(14) It would be fetal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro.
D. Parallel prepositional phrases
(15)…, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, …
E. Parallel clauses:
(16) …, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and (that) their freedom is inextricably bound t our freedom. (Par. 6, two parallel objective clause)
3. Use of Similes and Metaphors
(17) This is no time … to take the tranquilizing drag of gradua lism.
(18) …we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righ teousness like a mighty stream.
4. Use of Contrast
(19) One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.
(20) Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood
Conclusion
As we have analyzed above, stylistic devices are frequently used in the discourse of literary works especially in speech, to achieve certain specific purposes. The speech couldn’t have been so famous and successful without the cohesive devices analyzed above.