高中英语状语从句讲解汇总
原因从句和结果／原因从句
除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。
A 原因从句
1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句：
We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on．
我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。
As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there．
因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。
2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because：
As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand．
既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。
As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he?d better do the talking．
既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。
3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替：
As／Since／Seeing that／If you don?t like Bill，why did you invite him？
既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他？
注意：if so的用法：
—I hope Bill won?t come．
—If so（＝If you hope he won?t come），why did you invite him？
—我希望比尔别来。
—如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他？
关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。
B 结果从句（参见第339节）由because或as引导：
The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit．
保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。
He was angry because we were late．
他生气是因为我们来晚了。
As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day．
因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。
As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards．
因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
C 这种组合也可用so连接两个主句的形式来表示：
It was too dark to go on，so we camped there．
天太黑了，不能继续往前走了，所以我们就在那儿露宿了。
You are here，so you may as well give me a hand．
你们既然在这儿，不如就帮我一下。
It froze hard that night，so there was ice everywhere next day．
那天夜里冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。
也可以使用therefore，但只限用于非常正式的句子中：
The Finnish delegate has not yet arrived．We are therefore postponing／We have therefore decided to postpone／Therefore we are postponing the meeting．
芬兰代表还没有到达。我们因此要把会议推迟／因此我们已决定把会议推迟／因此我们要把会议推迟。（注意therefore 可以放在几个不同的位置。）
such／so…that引导的结果从句
A such是形容词，用于形容词+名词结构之前：
They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．
他们有一条如此凶猛的狗，以致没人敢靠近他们家。
He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep．
他说了这么长时间，以致在座的人都犯困了。
B so是副词，用于副词和不带名词的形容词之前：
The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．
雪下得这么快，以致我们的脚印很快就被雪盖住了。
His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep．
他的讲话这么长，以致在座的人都开始犯困了。
Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it．
他们的狗太凶猛了，所以没人敢靠近它。
但such不能用于much和many之前，所以so可用于后跟名词的much和many之前：
There was so much dust that we couldn?t see what was happening．
灰尘太大了，使得我们看不清发生了什么事。
So many people complained that they took the programme off．
抱怨的人太多，所以他们取消了那个节目。
C 注意：such＋a＋形容词＋名词可由so＋形容词＋a＋名词来代替，所以such a good man可由so good a man来代替。这只能在名词前面有a／an的情况下使用。这种形式不常见，但有时出现在文学作品中。
有时为了表示强调，so位于句首。这时后面跟动词的倒装形式（参见第45节）：
So terrible was the storm that whole roofs were ripped off．
暴风真可怕，把整个的屋顶全都刮飞了。
让步从句
它们由下列词来引导：although，though（参见第327节与第329节），even though，even if，no matter，however （参见第85节）。有时也可以使用whatever。as也可以，但是只限于形容词＋as＋be结构。
Although／Though／Even though／Even if you don?t like him you can still be pol ite．
尽管／即使／纵然／即使你不喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。
No matter what you do，don?t touch this switch．
无论怎样，都别碰这个按钮。
However rich people are，they always seem anxious to make more mon－ey．
无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更多的钱。
However carefully you drive，you will probably have an accident eventual－ly．
无论你开车多小心，最后你大概还会出车祸。
Whatever you do，don?t tell him that I told you this．
无论如何，别跟他说这件事是我告诉你的。
Patient as he was，he had no intention of waiting for three hours．
哪怕他再有耐心，也不打算等上三个小时。
may＋动词原形可用于假设情况：
However frightened you may be yourself，you must remain outwardly calm．
无论你有多害怕，外表上你仍要保持冷静。
may含有I accept the fact that（我接受这一事实）的意思：
—But he?s your brother！
—He may be my brother but I don?t trust him！
—可他是你的兄弟！
—尽管他是我的兄弟，可我不信任他！
但may这样用时，是另一主句的一部分，并不属于让步从句之列。should＋动词原形结构可用于even if之后，正如用于条件句的if之后一样，用来表示should后面的动词原形所指的动作不太可能发生：
Even if he should find out he won?t do anything about it．
即便他发现了，他也不会采取什么行动的。
比较从句
A 形容词和限定动词连用时的比较（另参见第20节至第22节）：
It?s darker today than it was yesterday．
今天比昨天天色昏暗。
He doesn?t pay as much tax as we do／as us．
他没我们交的税款多。
He spends more than he earns．
他花的比挣的多。
注意：that＋形容词是一种口语形式，表示“那么……”：
—Will it cost￡100？
—No，it won?t cost as much as（all）that．It won?t be（all）that expen
－sive．／It won?t be as expensive as that．
—要花100英镑吗？
—不，花不了那么多。没那么贵。
that＋形容词结构有时用于口语中表示very（很）的意思。
B 副词和限定动词连用时的比较（参见第31节至第34节）：
He didn?t play as well as we expected／as well as you（did）．
他打得不如我们预料的好／你打得好。
He sings more loudly than anyone I?ve ever heard／than anyone else （does）．
他唱得比我听到的任何人唱得都响／比任何人都声音响。
You work harder than he does／than him／than I did at your age．
你比他干得卖劲／我在你这个年龄时干得卖劲。
C 形容词和不定式或动名词连用时的比较：
通常两者都可使用，但动词不定式常常用于特定的动作，动名词则用于一般情况（参见下面E）：
It?s sometimes as cheap to buy a new one as（it is）（to）repair the old one．
Buying a new one is sometimes as cheap as repairing the old one．
有时买一个新的跟修理旧的一样便宜。
He found that lying on the beach was just as boring as sitting in his office．
He found lying on the beach just as boring as sitting etc．
他发现躺在沙滩上和坐在办公室里一样没趣／烦人。
He thinks it（is）safer to drive himself than（to）let me drive．
He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive．
他认为自己开车要比让我开车更安全些。
It will soon be more difficult to get a visa than it is now．
Getting a visa will soon be more difficult than it is now．
不久之后，签证会比现在更难拿到。
D 上面C所述的这种比较句式中，如as／than前面用的是动词原形，则常在as／than后面用动词原形而不用动名词。与此相同，如as／than前面用的是动名词，则在其后面一般也使用动名词，而不用动词原形，见前面的例子。位于as／than之前的限定动词＋this／that／which后面多跟动名词，虽也可跟动词不定式：
I?ll deliver it by hand；this will be cheaper than posting it．
我自己送过去，这样比邮寄要便宜。
He cleaned his shoes，which was better than doing nothing．
他把自己的鞋擦了，这总比无事可做好。
E 动词原形与would rather／sooner连用（参见第297与第298节）：
Most people would rather work than starve．
多数人宁可工作也不愿挨饿。
I would resign rather than accept him as a partner．
我宁可辞职也不愿接受他为合伙人。
时间从句
A 时间从句由下列表示时间的连词来引导：
after immediately till／until
as nosooner…than when
as soon as since whenever
before the sooner while
hardly…when
时间从句也可由the minute，the moment来引导。
用when，as，while的例句，参见第331节至第333节。
用before的例句，参见第195节B。
B 请留意，时间从句中不用将来时态或条件时态。
1 如将下列将来时态放入时间从句中，须将它变为一般时态。
一般将来时：
You?ll be back soon．I?ll stay till then．
你会很快回来，我一直等到那时。相当于：
I?ll stay till you get back．
我一直等到你回来。
be going to形式：
The parachutist is going to jump．Soon after he jumps his parachute will open．
跳伞运动员要往下跳。他刚跳之后不久，降落伞就会打开。
现在进行时用做一般将来时和将来进行时：
He?s arriving／He?ll be arriving at six．
他将在6点到。
但是：
Wh en he arrives he?ll tell us all about the match．
等他到了，他会好好给我们讲讲那场比赛。
Before he arrives I?ll give the children their tea．
在他来到之前，我会给孩子们吃茶点的。
如进行时态表示某一行动在继续，则其完全可以用在表示时间的从句中：
Peter and John will be playing／are playing／are going to play tennis tonight．While they are playing（during this time）we?ll go to the beach．
今晚彼得和约翰要去打网球。他们打球时，我们将去海滨。
2 在时间从句中，将来完成时变为现在完成时，将来完成进行时变为现在完成进行时：
I?ll have finished in the bathroom in a few minutes．
我一会儿就用完浴室了。
The moment／As soon as I have finished I?ll give you a call．
我一完事儿，就给你打电话。
3 在时间从句中，条件时态变为过去时态：
We knew that he would arrive／would be arriving about six．
我们知道他将在六点钟左右到。
We knew that till he arrived nothing would be done．
我们知道在他到来之前，什么都干不了。
但是，如when引导的是一个名词从句，后面可跟将来时态或条件时态：
He said，…When will the train get in？?
他说：“火车什么时候进站？”相当于：
He asked when the train would get in．
他问火车什么时候进站。
C since从句（参见第187与第188节）
since从句后面常跟完成时态（另参见第188节）：
They?ve moved house twice since they got married．／Since they gotmarried，they?ve moved house twice．他们结婚后已搬了两次家。
He said he?d lived in a tent s ince his house burnt down．
他说自从他的房屋被烧毁后，他就一直住在帐篷里。
It?s ages since I sailed／have sailed a boat．
我未驾驶帆船已有好多年了。
I haven?t sailed a boat since I left college．
自从我大学毕业后就没再驾驶帆船了。
D after从句
after从句之后常跟完成时态：
After／When he had rung off I remembered…
等他把电话挂断了之后，我才想起……
After／When you?ve finished with it，hang it up．
你用完了之后，请把它挂起来。
E hardly／scarcely… when，no sooner… than（另参见第45节）：
The performance had hardly begun when the lights went out．
Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out．
演出刚开始就停电了。
这里可以用scarcely代替hardly，但不常见。
He had no sooner drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy．No sooner had he drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy．他喝了咖啡没多一会儿，就犯困了。
He no sooner earns any money than he spends it．
Immediately he earns any money he spends it．
他钱一挣到手，就花光了。
注意the sooner…the sooner的用法：
The sooner we start，the sooner we?ll be there．
我们动身得越早，到那儿就越早。
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状语从句练习题 1.I had been looking for the book for two days____ I found it at last. a.until b. when c. before d. while 2.He punished his students ____ they did anything wrong. a.however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever 3.Those passengers will wait here____ the bus arrives. a.until b. because c. though d. as 4.Hardly had we reached home ____ it began to rain. a.before b. than c. as soon as d. when 5.No sooner had we arrived at the cinema___ the film began. a.than b. before c. when d. as soon as 6.You can’t watch TV ____ you’ve finished your homework. a.since b. until c. as d. after 7.We had scarcely left our school____ the rain began. a.before b. than c. while d. when 8.We have never seen her again_____ she went to work in another city. a.when b. as c. since d. while 9.____ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite safe. a.Since b. When c. After d. Unless 10.They were just about to leave____ the telephone rang.
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
1. Tim is in good shape physically ________ he does n't get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. uni ess D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school duri ng the day, _____ accompa nied by an adult. A. once B. whe n C. if D. uni ess 3. ___ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 4. Because of the heavy traffic , it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office . A . si nee B .that C . when D . until - 】Joh n thinks it won 't be long he is ready for his new job. A. whe n B. after C. before D. since 6. Today, we will begin we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. whe n B. where C. how D. what 7. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. whe n B. while C. after D. since 8. My pare nts don ' t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 9. You can ' t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 10. All the dishes in this menu, ______ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unl ess 11. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. whe n C. which D. since 12. ___ u nemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. 13. — Did you return Fred ' s call? 16. __________ in the fields on a March after noon , he could feel the warmth of spri ng. A . To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 17. Na ncy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A.that B.which C.whe n D.where 18. You ' d better not leave the medici ne kids can get at it. A.eve n if B.which C.where D.so that 19. I won ' t call you , ________________ something unexpected happens. A.u nless B.whether C.because D.while 20. — Where' s that report? A. Before B. Where C. U nless D. Until —I didn ' t need to I ' ll see him tomorrow. A. though B. unl ess 14. _I ' m sorry you ' ve been waiting so long , Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till C. whe n D. because but it ' ll still be some time _____ D. after 15. We ll have a picnic in the park this Sun day ____ ____ it rains or it ' s very cold. A.si nee B. if C. unl ess D. un til
状语从句暑假练习一 1.___ hard he tries, he never seems able to do the work successfully. A. Whatever B. However C. Whichever D. Whenever 2.We have to be patient. It will be some time ___ we get the full result. A. since B. that C. before D. after 3.She lied to us ___ she had to ___ a job. A. what; to get B. because; get C. because; in order get D. all; get 4.I was about to go out ___ the telephone rang. A. then B. when C. suddenly D. so 5.This equipment is so old ___ it can’t be used any more ___ some o f its parts are changed. A. as; unless B. that; unless C. that; if D. whether; or 6.I’ll tell you the result of the test ___ I know it. A. because B. the moment C. though D. for 7.You can’t go out to play ___ you finish your homework. A. if B. because C. unless D. when 8.I was late today ___ there was something wrong with my bike. A. since B. as long as C. because D. when 9.You can’t waste natural resources ___ you have much of them. A. as if B. even if C. when D. if 10.Please speak clearly ___ we can follow you. A. s o…that B. so C. so as to D. so that 11.___ you have made a decision, don’t change it frequently. A. Once B. Before C. While D. Even if 12.He used to tell children the story ___ he had had the experience. A. as though B. even if C. even though D. like 13.He came to help us ___ he had plenty of work to do. A. as B. while C. although D. whenever 14.___, he knows how to live and study. A. A child as he is B. As he is a child C. Child as he is D. Though he is child 15.We found people friendly ___ we went. A. to which B. in which C. wherever D. to where 16.___ the weather is fine, I’ll open all the windows. A. Now that B. Since that C. Because of D. For 17.It was ___ he couldn’t finish it by himself. A. so difficult a work as B. such a difficult work as C. so difficult work as D. such difficult work that 18.___ I know, this book will be used as a text book. A. So far as B. So far C. So long as D. As to 19.He had disappeared in the darkness ___ I saw who he was. A. before B. after C. till D. while 20.We’ll build a power station ___ water resour ces are plentiful. A. where B. in which C. which D. that 21.___ we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
高中英语状语从句用法详细解析 一、定义： 在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句尾时不用。 二、分类 根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较状语从句 三、时间状语从句 （一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：as, when(whenever), before, after, as soon as, until(till), since, every time, once. （二）、“as” as, when, while都有“当……的时候”，可以互用When she was a child. While she was a child. She Lived in Paris. As she was a child. as有“一边…一边”的意思 He sang as he walked. “when” When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out. I was sleeping when she came in. 动补 When we arrived at the station, the train had left. “while” 主、从句动作或状态同时发生。用while引导的从句用延续性动词，常表示较长的时间或一个过程。 While we were having supper, all the lights went out. Please keep quiet while others are studying. While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV. when, while并列连问。when和while都可用作并列连问，连接并列分句。When表示“就在……的时候”, while意反而，可是，表示转折。
高中英语条件状语从句的句型 在高中英语的学习中，学生会学习到很多的重要的句型，下面本人的本人将为大家带来条件状语的句型的介绍，希望能够帮助到大家。 高中英语条件状语从句的句型介绍 1条件状语从句 句型1 When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，+主句。(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如： As long as you give me any money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。 Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。 句型2 主句+on condition that+从句.如： I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。 句型3 主句+unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如： I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。 点击查看：高中英语语法大全 句型4 祈使句，+and/ and then+主句。(注意：祈使句也可
用一个名词短语。)如： Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。 Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。 句型5 If +necessary / impossible/ important等，+主句.(注意：if与形容词之间的it is被省略。)如： If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。 2原因状语从句 句型1 主句+in case+从句.(in case表示以免)如： I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。 句型2 主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如： He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。 高中英语 以形式主语it引导的句型 句型1 It (so) happened(chanced) that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如： It happened that he was out when I got there.
高中状语从句讲解+练习 状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如： 1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, the instant, immediately , directly, every time, the day，no sooner …than, hardly …when, scarcely …when （1）Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives. 他一到就告诉他我要见他。 （2）The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard. The moment he saw me, he ran away. 他一看见我，就跑了。 He said he’d call you the moment he got home. 他说他一到家就给你打电话 （3）The instant I saw him, I knew he was the man from the restaurant. （4）Immediately you begin to speak, he gives you his full attention.你只要一开始说话，他就全神贯注地听。 （5）My sister came directly she got my message. 我妹妹一收到我的信息就来了。 （6）Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. （7）no sooner... than... ，"一...就..." ，引导时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时,"than"后面的从句用一般过去时.(从这里可以知道,no sooner后面是主句;than后面是从句) 例: I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来 No sooner ...than...常放在句首,表示强调.这时主句要倒装. 例:No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. （8）He had hardly sat down when the telephone rang.他刚坐下电话就响了。 He had scarcely sat down when there was a knock at the door. 他刚坐下就有人敲门 另外，如果把hardly放于句首，主句要用倒装结构。如： Hardly had I finished eating when he came in. 我刚吃完他就进来了。 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. She was standing exactly where you are standing now那时他就站在你现在站的地方。 Stay where you are.呆在原地别动。 Wherever you go, you should work hard. Sit anywhere you like 随便坐吧 3．原因状语从句
条件状语从句 概念定义 由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。（注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则]（主将从现，将并非指将来时，还指表示将来含义的，跟着if后的那句话是从句。） 类型 条件状语从句 语法引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如： 1） If you ask him,he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 2） If you fail in the exam,you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的 if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面 （如果天下雨，我们就不玩了）If it rains,we will stop playing.‘ 转为We will stop playing if it rains. if引导的条件状语从句
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如：If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车，我会到的早一点儿。 那么，除了if之外，是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的，不仅有，还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小，且用法较复杂一些，所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。 1、unless conj.除非，若不，除非在……的时候 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。 2、on condition(that)...在……条件下，如果 on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保密。 You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。 3、supposing conj.如果，假如 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。 Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨，我们的运动会还要继续举行吗? Supposing anything should go wrong,what would you do then?假如出了什么问题，你准备怎么对付?
状语从句 一：状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。位置：从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。 二：考点与难点 1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与wh-ever 引导的从句的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略； 5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。三：九种常见状语从句用法 1. 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 1）.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc. 2）. 名词类 the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, the day, the year, the morning etc. 3）. 副词类：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...) 4）.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, etc. (一…就…) 注意：1. when, as, while When ①when表示时间点时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示时间段时，用持续性动词。Eg:. When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. （when表示段时间） 2). He waved a hello when he saw her.（when表示点时间） ②. 可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时,突然”，相当于and then suddenly。常用于下列句式： be doing / be about to do sth/ be on the point of doing / have/had done + when Eg.1). I was about to go out when the door bell rang. 2). One evening I was having my dinner when an unexpected friend knocked my door. ③. 还可以表示原因,意思是“既然”，相当于since; considering that Eg. 1). It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes . 2). How can he get good grades when he won't study? While ①while通常表示一段时间，从句中常用持续性动词作谓语。 Eg: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 ②while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成“然而……”。 Eg: 1). I am fond of English while he likes maths. ③while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”。 Eg. While they love the children, they are strict with them. As ①表示一边……一边……，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 eg: She is singing a song as she took a bath. ②as表示随着 eg: As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. 2. till, until和not…until 1）until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到…为止，主句必须为持续性动词。
Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication Section Ⅲ Grammar-条件状语从句和让步状语从句 语法图解 探究发现 ①If you say the word “communication”， most people think of words and sentences. ②In case there is a fire, what will you do first? ③You won't arrive there on time unless you take a plane. ④Even if you were busy, you should take care of your family. ⑤Clever as he is, he doesn't make great efforts in his lesson. ⑥However much I tried, I couldn't work the question out. ⑦He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how cold it is. ⑧Although/Though she works very hard, yet (still) she makes very slow progress. [我的发现] (1)①②③句中，黑体部分引导条件状语从句；④⑤⑥⑦⑧句中，黑体部分引导让步状语从句。 (2)由③句可知，在条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 (3)⑧句中 although/though 引导让步状语从句不与 but 连用，但可以与 yet 或still 连用。 (4)由⑤句可知，as 引导让步状语从句且置于句首时，从句用倒装语序。 (5)⑥⑦句中，however 和 no matter how 都引导让步状语从句，两者可以换用。 一、条件状语从句 1．条件状语从句的引导词 引导条件状语从句的词/短语有：if (假设，如果), unless (除非), so/as long as (只
t 状语从句讲解和练习 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当 。例如： 1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、 结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解 和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词 和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , dire ctly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3．原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as, since 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference. The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. 4．目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 5．结果状语从句 常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
状语从句 在复合句中作状语，位置灵活。 状语从句可分为时间状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，方式状语从句，结果状语从句。 （一）时间状语从句 1.when, as, while a.when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 Eg: When I get there I will call you. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语与be 可省。 Eg：When （you are）in trouble, you can ask her for help. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同时，往往可以用“when+分词”的形式代替该状从。Eg：When I came into the room(When coming into the room), I found the light was off. b.while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行过程中。主句的谓语动词 通常是非延续性动词。 Eg: He came in while I was reading a book. I met her while I was in school. c. as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同在时间点或同时间段进行。同时可表示主句的动作随着从句的动作的变化而变化。 Eg: He jumps as he sings. As the wind rose, the noise increased. 2.before(在……之前)与after（在……之后） Eg：See me before you leave. I saw them after I arrived. 3. till与until 肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。 Eg: Wait till/untill I call you. 等着直到我叫你。 She didn't arrive till/until 6 o'clock.. 她直到6点才到 但是置于句首时只可用untill. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。否定形式有另外两种表达方式： (1)Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 Man did not know what heat was until the early years of the 19th century. =Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat was. (2)It is not until…that… He will not go to bed until his mother comes home. =It is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed. 4. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately和hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than a. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。译为“一……就” Eg：As soon as she heard the news, she began crying. b. hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than都可以表示"一……就……"的意思，但主句谓语动词一般要用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。 Eg：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain。 1. We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened. A. immediately B. shortly C.quickly D. hurriedly 2. The roof fell _____he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. A. before B. as C. after D. until 3. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity he reaches the end of the story. A when B whenever C.after D.until 4. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _______ I heard the voices. A. as B. for C. while D.when 5. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. １