1. I, we, you, he, she, it, they me, us, you, him, her, it, til UH
2. my, our, your, his, her, its, their mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs
3. myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself ourselves, yourselves, tli eiin selves
4. each other ( ) one ano ther ( )
5. this, that, these, til OS 6
6. who, whom, whose, which, wlwt
7. who, whom, whose, that( ),which, that, as, whose
8. all, each, either, neither, both, none, other, another, something, everything, no thi ng somebody, everybody, n obody some one, every one, no one, many, much, few, 嗦
1.
Joh n waited a while but even tually he went home.
John hoped Hie passenger would be Mary and indeed ii was she. 句中。When he arrived , John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。
2?人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在
省略句中，还可以作主语。如：
I saw her with them ；at least，I thought it was her.（第一个her 作动词宾语，them 作介词宾语，第二个her作表语）
—Who broke the vase ?谁打碎了花瓶？一Me.我。
3. 人称代词之主、宾格的替换
（1）宾格代替主格
在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not后，多用宾语。
—I like English. 。—Me too.
一I 血弋wine? —Not me.。
在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主
语只能用主格。
He is taller than l/me. He is taller than I am,
2）主格代替宾格
在介词but, except后，有时可用主格代替宾格。
在电话用语中常用主格。一I wish to speak to Mary.。—This is she.
注意：在动词be或to be后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。
I thought it was she.我以为是她。（主格一一主格）丨山皿狈il L讣he （宾格――宾格）
丨was taken to血补匕我被当成了她。（主格——主格）
They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。（宾格------ 宾格）
4. 代词的指代问题
1 ）不定代词an ybody, everybody , n obody, anyone, some one, every one, no one, 及whoever 和person 在正式场合使用时，可用he, his, him 代替。女口：Nobody came ,tid I1C? 2）动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he, she,带有亲切的感情色彩。如：Give the cat some food.She is hungry.。
3）指代车或国家，船舶的名词，含感情色彩时常用she。
5. 并列人称代词的排列顺序
1）单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称T第三人称T第一人称，即you T
he/she; it 。喊口I：\0U, he and I should return on time.你，他还有我应该按时回来。
英语
2）复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称T第二人称T第三人称，即we^ you T they。
在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面。
在承认错误，承担责任时。Il w朋I i和”」ohi】山卯made hc「a.ngry.是我和约翰惹她生气了。
在长辈对晚辈，长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人称，如：[and W川叮心finish it.
并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时。
当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。
二、物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名
Our school is here , and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。
1?物主代词的用法
1）物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用。如：
Joh n had cut his fin ger; appare ntly there was a broke n glass on his desk /?
2）物主代词有形容词性（my, your等）和名词性（mine, yours等）两种，形容词性的物
主代词属于限定词。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的’属格结构。如：Jack ' s c意为The cap is Jack 。 ' s
His cap 意为The cap is his。
2?名词性物主代词的句法功能
1）作主语。如：May 1 ihse your pen? Yours works belter.
2）作宾语。如: I love iny mMh已讪ml as ITILIC I I as you 血记弹山门.
3）作介词宾语。如: 丫血血血1 i】加卩呵whaL I said in my sens e of the word , not in yours.
英语
4) The life I have is yours」山yoursJt:s yours.
3.
a an this that these those some any several no each every
such ano ther which this that+ +of+
a an
this that these those Thai is
1. this/that these/those
2.
1) Tliis is Hie 许ay iodo iL
2) [like tHs better than that
3) My point is Ulis.
4) 1 讹Mi 邓no(o 山乩There is no fcar of that,
1
That is my teacher. that
He is going to marry this girl. this
He is going to marry this. this
I bought this. this
2 that those this these
those He admired that which looked beautiful.
He admired those who looked beautiful. those
He admired that who danced well. that
He admired those who danced well. those
He admired those which looked beautiful. those
She talking to herself,
2. Dogs bark cocks crow frogs croak to each other.
1. 1) abse nt bathe amuse blame dry cut enjoy hurt i n troduce
behave We eiyoyed ourselves very much Iasi night. Please iielp yourself io so me fish.
2)
+
+ take pride ill be ann oyed with help on eself to sth
1 could not dress myself up at that time.
get up stand up wake up
PlctlSU Sit down.
2 lam not mvseinodav.
2. I'he thing ilself is noliniporlant.
3.
but except for
1)
Myself drove the car
I myself drove the car.
2) and or nor
myself
Charles and myself saw it.
each other one ano ther
People should love one ano ther.
1.
说明：传统语法认为，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用each other,存在于两个以上人
和物之间用one an other。现代英语中，两组词交替使用的实例也很多。
He put all the books beside each other/o ne ano ther.他把所有书并列摆放起来。
Usually these small groups were independent of each other.这些小团体通常是相互独立的。
3?相互代词可加*构成所有格。如：T加血血Ms 肌d each other's notes.六、不定
代词
不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every
等，以及含有some，any，no 等的合成代词，女口anybody，something，no one。这些不定代
词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但none和由some，any，
no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。如：
—you hm d 汀？— Yes, I have one. —I don ' t know any of the他们,
n 代词的用法
1. nothing, none, HQ OHt
none作为代词，最常用来表示数量，它可以是一个可数的概念（how many）也可以是
一个不可数的概念（how much）,或者any引起的问题；而nothing是相对于something（有某物）什么都没有，它回答的是“What is in/on…的问'题；而noone=nobody没有人，它回答的是“Who did that?'1（谁..... ）或是anyone （有没有人）的问题。
* ----- W hal is i n the bollle?
对比一（扌旨东西〉
—How much waler is ihtre i n the boUle?
. —None.（指数量）
*—Who is in the class room now?
--- INo one/Nobody.
—Has anyo ne seen my Look?
—INo, no one/nobody（has seen your book）?
--- How many slu de inis are there iin llhe classroom?
、一丽咤（指数量〉
2. one, ones, that, thosej t
（1）one和ones可以用来代替前面提到过的可数名词，one代单数，ones代复数，其
中：两者都可以指代物（只要是可数）
英语
one前面一般不加a,因为它本身有一个”的意思，但如果one前面有形容词修饰，则需要
力口a/a n。
Shall we have a rest?
one
Didn t we just have on e?( on e=a someth ing)
One should always believe in oneself.
2 that those
that the one those
the ones
The populati on of China is bigger tha n that of In dia. (that=the populati on
The boy told his stoiy tind that of the girl next rwin.(that=the story)
The cell phones we made nowadays are better than those/the ones made 2 years ago.
those=the cell phon es=the on es)
3 one i[；
,one
it i need a pen lo sign my name. Can I have one? (one =a pen) I cannot find my new pen. Have you see n it? it
3. another, the other, other, others, thf 0therS
1 ano ther ttlC 0曲『：
ano ther the other
He lias three brotliers. one is a teacher, another is a doctor and the third is an engin eer.
ano ther ano ther, the other
more
another:
ano ther
few
Have you finished your report yet No I W\ 11 tlflisll it ill mother ] 0 [TliriUieS, 1'here is room for another few people in the back of lire bus.