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语法专项训练

语法专项训练
语法专项训练

语法---专项训练

【例题精选】:

一、提取下列句子的主干:

1、我们能够学会我们原来不懂的东西。

主干:我们能够学会东西。

简析:注意能愿动词“能够”的使用。在提取句子主干时要保留在主干里。

2、每一个共产党员都不要忘记自己身上的责任。

主干:共产党员不要忘记责任。

简析:否定词“不”要保留在主干里;能愿动词“要”要保留在主干里。

二、用符号法划分句子成分:

1、孩子成才‖是每个家长的希望。

简析:主谓短语“孩子成才”是句子的主语。

2、研制摸仿人的动作和智能的自动机器,‖[已]有几十年的历史。

简析:动宾短语“研制……自动机器”充当句子的主语。

3、我‖觉得我们的战士太伟大了。

简析:(1)“觉得”是表心理活动的动词,它后面的内容都回答了“什么”的问题,所以“觉得”的后面都是宾语;(2)主谓短语“我们的战士太伟大”充当句子的宾语。

4、(母亲那种勤劳俭朴)的习惯,(母亲那种宽厚仁慈)的态度,‖[至今还在我心中]留有深刻的印象。

简析:并列短语“……习惯……态度”充当句子的主语。

5、(永定河上)的卢沟桥‖修建<于公元1189年到1192年间>

简析:介宾短语“于1189到1192年间”在谓语的中心语“修建”的后面,回答了修建年代的问题,而没有回答“修建”“什么”的问题,所以介宾短语“于1189到1192年间”充当补语。

三、下面句子的主语是

和已知线段两个端点距离相等的点的轨迹,是这条线段的垂直平分线。

A.轨迹

B.和已知线段两个端点距离相等的点的轨迹

C.两个端点距离相等的点的轨迹

D.和已知线段两个端点距离相等的点

答案:B

简析:注意区分“主语”和“中心语”的内涵。

四、下面这首诗为了表达不同的语气用了哪四种不同的句式?

红豆生南国,()

春来发几枝?()

愿君多采撷,()

此物最相思!()

答案并简析:第(1)句是陈述句,因为是告诉别人一件事;第(2)句是疑问句,因为要询问别人一件事;第(3)句是祈使句,因为这一句是在请求别人一件事;第(4)句是感叹句,这句表示了作者的强烈感情。

【专项训练】:

一、用“‖”划分主语、谓语不正确的是

A.我姐姐‖是一名出色的外科医生。

B.他‖为人正直是大家都知道的。

C.瓢泼大雨‖从空中倾泻下来。

D.我国桥梁事业的飞跃发展‖表明了我国社会主义制度的无比优越。

二、用符号法划分句子成分不完全正确的是

A.(赵州桥高度的技术)水平和(不朽的艺术)价值,‖[充分]显示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。

B.[在苍茫的大海上],狂风‖卷集着乌云。

C.(蠢笨)的企鹅,‖[胆怯地把肥胖的身体]躲藏在悬崖底下。

D.(新换)的毛‖颜色深些。

三、下列句子中,主语是动宾短语的是

A.炉火的微光渐渐暗了下去。

B.我认为我们应该从这个故事中吸取教训。

C.在我的记忆里,她是一个温柔和美丽的人。

D.实现四个现代化是全国人民的心愿。

四、下面句子中“幸福”充当的句子成分,依次判断正确的一项是(

)。

(1)我们的生活幸福。(2)我们生活得幸福。(3)幸福来之不易。(4)幸福生活万年长。

A.(1)谓语(2)补语(3)主语(4)定语

B.(1)谓语(2)宾语(3)主语(4)定语

C.(1)补语(2)谓语(3)主语(4)定语

D.(1)谓语(2)谓语(3)状语(4)主语

五、提取下列句子的主干:

1、每个共产党员和革命分子都应该拿起这个武器。

2、获得冠军是每个运动员的心愿。

3、一阵风雪刮得他几乎站不住。

4、小华成绩过硬是全班同学公认的。

5、我走过镇公所的时候,看见许多人站在布告牌前面。

6、我常常想:他的对于我热情的希望,不倦的教诲,小而言之,是为中国,就是希望中国有新的医学;大而言之,是为学术,就是希望新的医学传到中国去。

六、语气最强烈的一项是

A.他学习好。

B.没有人说他学习不好。

C.没有一个人不说他学习好。

D.大家都说他学习好。

七、为了使上下句连贯,下面这句话的空缺处填入的最恰当的语句应是

经过三年的努力,取得了优异的成绩。

A.我们不是把学习上的各种困难都克服了吗?

B.我们克服了学习上的各种困难。

C.我们把学习上的各种困难都克服了。

D.学习的各种困难都被我们克服了。

八、指出下列各句的句式,并按要求变换句式:

1、真正的政治家没有不努力读书的。

改成肯定句:

2、你帮我分析一下这道题!

改成疑问句:

3、这情况你知道。

改成反问句:

改成双重否定句:

4、他们把卡瑞尔叫醒了。

改成被动句:

【答案】:

一、B

二、C

三、D

四、A

五、1、共产党员和革命分子应该拿起武器。

2、获得冠军是心愿。

3、风雪刮。

4、小华成绩过硬是全班同学公认的。

5、我看见许多人站在布告牌前面。

6、我想:他的对于…………传到中国去。

六、C

七、B

八、1、双重否定句

真正的政治家都努力读书。

2、祈使句

你帮我分析一下这道题好吗?

3、肯定的陈述句

这情况你难道不知道?

这情况你不是不知道。

4、主动句

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