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形容词搭配不定式

形容词搭配不定式

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形容词搭配不定式

在“主语+谓语+不定式”的结构中,不定式结构可以与形容词搭配,以此来构成形容词词组。但由于形容词类别的不同,形容词词组所形成的句型也就有所差异。下面,分别介绍三种“形容词+不定式”的意义和用法。

一、主句主语是不定式的逻辑主语

用于该种搭配的一般是动态形容词。主要有四类:

1.表示喜怒哀乐的形容词+不定式:

I am sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息,我很难过。

She is glad to help children in the poor areas. 帮助贫穷山区的孩子,她很开心。

2. 表示运气好坏的形容词+不定式:

The little boy was lucky to get the present. 这个小男孩很幸运,得到了礼物。

3. 表示心理状态、个人态度的形容词+不定式:

He was anxious to find out the answer. 他迫切地要找到答案。

4. 表示性格特征、行为表现的形容词+不定式:

He was careless to break the window. 他不小心打破了窗户。

二、主句主语是不定式的逻辑宾语

用于该种结构的一般都是静态形容词。主要有两类:

1. 能以不定式作主语,且能转换成先行it-结构:

This book is interesting to read.

= To read this book is very interesting.

= It is very interesting to read this book.

2. 不能以不定式作主语,也不能转换成先行it-结构:

This kind of coffee is bitter to taste. 这种咖啡尝起来很苦。

This map is clear to read. 这张地图看起来很清晰。

动词不定式的语法功能

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常见词组固定搭配

常见词组固定搭配

(一)名词的固定搭配 介词+名词形式 on account of 因为,由于in addition 另外in addition to 除…之外(包括) in the air 在流行中,在传播中 on average 平均,一般来说 on the basis of 根据,在……的基础上 on board 在船(车、飞机)上 out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公,因事in case of 假使,万一 in no case 决不 in charge (of) 负责,主管in common 共用,共有,共同 in conclusion 最后,总之on condition that 在……条件下 in consequence of 由于……的缘故 on the contrary 反之,正相反 in contrast with/to 与……成对照 out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住at all costs 不惜任何代价 at the cost of 以……为代价 in the course of 在…过程中,在…期间 in danger 在危险中out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过期(时)的up to date 时新的 in debt 欠债 in detail 详细地 in the distance 在远处

off duty 下班on duty 值班,上班 in effect 有效;实际上 in the face of 面对,不顾,即使 in fact 其实,实际上 on fire 烧着 on foot 步行 in force 有效;实施中 in favo(u)r of 有利于,赞成,支持 in front of 在……面前 in general 通常,大体上by hand 用手 hand down to 往下传,传给(后代) hand in hand 手拉手,携手 on (the) one hand... on the other hand... at home and abroad在国内外 in honor of 以纪念,向……表示敬意 in a hurry 匆忙地,立即for instance 例如,举例说 at least 至少,最低限度at length 终于,最后;详细地 in the light of 按照,根据at a loss 困惑,不知所措by all means 无论如何,必定by no means 决不by means of 借助于 in memory of 纪念 at the mercy of 在……支配下 by mistake 错误地 at the moment 现在此刻at present 目前,现在for a moment 一会儿 for the moment 暂时for the present 目前,暂时for the time being in a moment 立刻,马上

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常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结 ★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decideto do sth. ★同意做某事agree todo sth、 ★需要某人做某事needto do sth。 ★使用某物做某事use sth to dosth ★迫不及待做某事can’t waitto do ★准备做某事get/beready to do ★尽力/努力做某事trytodo sth ★计划做某事plan to do sth。 ★不得不have to do ★轮流做某事take one’sturns to do st h。 ★拒绝做某事refuse to dosth。 ★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth、

★请某人做某事ask sb、todosth。 ★期待某人做某事expectsb、to dost h. ★教某人做某事teach sb。todo sth ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb、to do sth、 ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth。. ★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb、to do st h。 ★帮助某人做某事helpsb。todo sth/help sb.do ★It’sone's turnto do sth、轮到某人做某事 ★It’s time(for sb。) to dosth。就是某人做某事时候了

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