E v e r y d a y U s e f o r Y o u r G r a n d m a m a
In order to understand this passage better, we can watch a movie---”The Color of Purple”
故事发生于1909年美国南部。未受过教育的黑人女孩西莉被继父强奸后，又被迫嫁给了粗鲁，凶狠的黑人男子，西莉称其为“先生”。在惊恐和胆怯中她开始了奴仆一般的痛苦生活。幸而有亲姐妹南蒂与之相伴，泪水中才多了一些欢乐。不久，这短暂的幸福也从西莉身边消失了。因为“先生”强奸南蒂不成，恼羞成怒地将南蒂赶了出去，姐妹二人被残酷的分开。年复一年，西莉在门口的邮筒中找寻南蒂的音讯，她始终期盼有一天能与南蒂再次重逢……(从中大家可以看到当时的整个社会的缩影，以及黑人生活的社会环境和社会地位，黑人女性的崛起和黑人女性的反抗精神也从有深刻得展现)
Everyday Use for Your Grandmama
Characters:
Maggie: a shy,young woman made even more self-concious by scars she got in a house fire years ago. She hasn` t has much formal education but has learned traditional skills, such as quilting, from her familiy.
Mama(Mrs johnson): the narrator of the story. She is a middle-aged or even older African American woman living with her younger daugter, Maggie. Athough poor, she is strong and independent, and takes great pride in her way of life.
Dee(Wangero):
Dee is Mama` s older daugher. She is attractive, well-educated and sophisticated. Moreover, she is selfish and she may even has caused the fire that disfigured （损毁···的外貌）her sister. Mama(Mrs johnson) called her Dee or Wangero.
Asalamalakim: a young muslim man who accompanies Dee on her visit. Mama, unable to pronounce his name , called him “Hakim-a- Baber”. The muslim greeting he gives to her means “peace and happiness to you. ” This maybe ironic because their visit disturbs the peaceful lives of Maggie and Mama. The relationship between him and Dee is unknown. He may be a friend, a boyfriend, husband or spiritual adviser.
Main content:The story begins when the mother and Maggie wait for Dee to come back goes back home with her lover. She asks for some traditional household appliances, especially two old quilts made by their grandma. The mother refuses. Instead, she sends the two quilts to Maggie. Dee leaves her eyes, two old quilts(百纳被) are the cultural heritage of blacks. Maggie inherits the black tradition and she should own them.
The text:
I. para1-2 The prelude: the three family members.
II. Para3-16 The mother’s recollections / flashback:the three persons’relationships——mother; Maggie; Dee III. Para17- 82 The process of Dee going back home.
Detailed study of the text:
Paragraph 1---16:
Paragraph1:
1,...Maggie and I made so clean and wavy...(wavy:波动起伏的。It shows that Maggie and Mama had made carefully preparations for the arrival of Dee.)
2,It is like a extended living room. (extended: enlarged, prolonged. Expressions with extend: extended family) Paragraph 2:
1,```homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs...(homely: 不好看的，不漂亮的，later we will know how she got the scar, so that is a suspense.)
2, she thinks her sister has held life always...to say to her.(she think that her sister has always had a firm control of her life and that she can always has what she want. )(课后习题paraphrase )
The role of the first two paragraph: it describes the place and main characters.
Paragraph3:
1,totter: 蹒跚。Backstage:背后。
Paragraph4:
1,Johnny Carson: he is famous for such TVprograms, On TV he was a sporty man with gray hair and a smiling face.
Paragraph5:
1, In real life i am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands.(that means Mama was a typical black working woman.)
2, My fat keeps me hot in zero weather.(because I am fat, I feel hot even in freezing weather.)(课后习题paraphrase )
3,I am the way my daughter...an uncooked barely pancake.( this sentence tells that Dee was ashamed of his mother as a woking-class black woman.)
4, Johnny Carson has much to do ...witty tongue.(johnney carson has a witty and glib tongue. But i outdo 超过，胜过him and so he has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me.)(课后习题paraphrase )
5,, who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue(that is a rhetorical question. The obvious answer is that no one in the Johnson family has a quick tongue.)
Paragraph6:
1, It seems to me i have talked to them always with one foot raised... from them.(I am ready to leave as quickly as possible because of discomfort, nervousness, timidity,etc, and turn my head away from them in order to avoid them as much as possible for the same reason.)课后习题paraphrase )
2,She would always look anyone in the eye.(she would always look at somebody directly and steadily, not feeling embarrassed or ashamed.)课后习题paraphrase )
Paragraph 9
1, have you ever seen a lame跛足的animal ...to be kind to him （here the narrator compares Maggie to an injured and pitiful animal.）
2,she has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground..to the ground. (Maggie has been very shy ever since the fire destoryed our other house. She is so shy that she never raises her head or eyes when looking at and talking to people, and she is always feel so neverous and restless that she is unable to stand still.)
Paragraph10,
1, Dee is lighter than Maggie..,(lighter means the color of one` s skin, not weight.)
2,And Dee.(an elliptical sentence, meaning”and there was Dee”)
3, she had hated the house that much.(so she was glad to see it burn down. This shows Dee is ashamed of her family.)
Paragraph11
1,she used to read to us without pity, forcing...underneath her voice.(The narrator implies that the books Dee read to them were written by white people and full of their language and ideas, falsehoods and their way of life.) 2,she washed us in a river of ...need to know.(she imposed on us lots of falsity and so-called knowledge that was totally useless and irrelevant to us.)课后习题paraphrase )
Paragraph12
1,her eyelids 眼皮would not flicker闪烁for minutes at a time.（it shows that Dee was undaunted勇敢的，无畏的, with a strong character. She would look at anybody steadily and intently for a long time.）
2, Often I fought off the tempation to shake her.( Often I wanted so much to shake her , but I restrained myself.) 3,At sixteen she had a style of her own, and knew what style was.( she had her own unique way of doing thing at an early age, she also know what is fashion. That means she is totally different from her sister. )
Paragraph13
1,she stumbles along good-naturedly...(she often makes mistakes while reading, but never loses her good temper.)
2, like good looks and money, quickness passed her by.(she was homely and poor. Besides she was not smart.)课后习题paraphrase )
Paragraph14
1,”when did Dee ever had any friends ”(a rhetorical question that means Dee never really had any friend.) Paragraph15
1,furtive:鬼鬼祟祟的，秘密的，
His furtive behaviour aroused our suspicion.
他鬼鬼祟祟的行为引起了我们的怀疑。
Paragraph3--16: this section is what we call exposition, providing background and preparing for the main action, which is what happens during Dee` s visit.
… but there they are!
Before I could meet them (in the yard), they have already arrived.
…I stay her with my hand. I stop her from dashing off with my hand.
1)stay: to stop, halt or check somebody from doing sth.
2)Note that the simple present tense --- the purpose is to make the story telling more vivid.
1. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.
A simile by comparing the young man’s hair to a mule tail
2. I hear Maggie suck in her breath. "Uhnnnh," is what it sounds like.
I hear Maggie inhale her breath and a sound like “Uhnnnh” escapes her mouth.
3. like when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your foot on the road.
1)课后习题Ⅳ-B-3 an elliptical sentence --- it was like the reaction you have when you see the
wriggling end of a snake just in front of your foot on the road.
2)Wriggle: to move to and fro with a twisting and writhing motion
1. A dress down to the ground, in this hot weather
课后习题Ⅳ-B-4 an elliptical sentence ---she is wearing a dress long enough to touch the ground in spite of this hot weather.
2. a dress so loud…
1)an elliptical sentence --- she is wearing a dress in loud colors
2)课后习题Ⅳ-A-12 loud: attracting attention by being unpleasantly colorful and bright
3.there are yellows … the light of the sun
throw back: to reflect
4.earrings gold, … her shoulder
课后习题Ⅳ-B-5 an elliptical sentence ---her earrings are gold, too, and they are hanging down to her shoulders. 5.it is her si ster’s hair.
This time it is her sister’s hair style that makes Maggie utter an exclamation of dislike and disapproval.
6.it is black as night … behind her ears.
1)black as night: a simile
2)rope about: metaphor --- compare the moving of Dee’s pigtails to that of a rope
3)like small lizards: a simile
4)Dee’s new hairstyle is African, and looks bizarre to the country girl Maggie.
1.“Aalamalakim, my mother and sister!”
To call strangers “y mother and sister” is not the American way of greeting, but a Muslim habit
2.he moves to Maggie but she falls back…
hugging a girl at the first meeting is a western habit. Maggie is too shy and, as a rural girl, she is probably not used to being hugged by young men she doesn’t know.
… kisses me on the forehead
Not usual for a daughter to kiss her mother on the forehead. Normally, people kiss each other on the cheeks for greeting. This shows Dee is very distant and unloving with her family.
Also note she takes all the photos first before she kisses her. A loving daughter will run up to her mother and throw her arms around her.
1.meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through … hand.
课后习题Ⅲ-8 paraphrase---meanwhile Dee’s boyfriend is trying to shake hands with Maggie in a fancy and elaborate way.
2.Maggie’s hand is as limp as a fish… sweat…
Simile. Ma ggie’s hand lacks firmness and is cold though she is sweating
3.or maybe he doesn’t know how…
ungrammatical spoken English
4…. He soon gives up on Maggie
Soon he knows that won’t do for Maggie, so he stops trying to shake hands with her in that manner.
Note “gives up on Maggie”, not gives up Maggie, the meanings are diffirent.
There is an exclamation mark which shows emphasis.
Here, we also can see the trace of the name changing. During the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s, many African Americans were disappointed by the influence of integration. Many blacks affirmed their African roots by discarding their “slave names”and adopting Africans names, even many didn’t know the meaning or how to spell them correctly. And they also wore African hair styles and African clothing.
The author held negative opinion about the name changing. She thought an African name was not related to the recent past of the black Americans’’experience.
Mama felt her daughter “Dee”no longer existed. So that, she describes her daughter’s visit as something happening in the past.
She meant that the girl born again with a new name. (Dee no longer existed.)
“Dee”vs. “Big Dee”
The daughter’s name was after her aunt, and then we added “Big”to aunt’s name to make a distinction.
“Though, in fact, …through the branch es”.
Actually, I could trace it back before the Civil War, through the family branches. But Dee seemed tired, I wouldn’t go on either.
“There you are”.
It is a colloquial expression. Dee’s boyfriend meant “I knew you couldn’t trace it further back”by saying this.
1. “Looking down …a Model A car”.
Here “a Model A car”meant something old and out-of-date.
2. “every once …my head”
Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way.
“Ream it out again”
Try to pronounce it again no matter how difficult.
Ream: to extract the juice from; to enlarge a hole with a reamer
1. “Well, soon …the way”
We overcame the difficulty and could pronounce it.
2. “I tripped it out”
I failed to say to say it correctly.
Trip: to stumble; catch one’s foot and lose balance
The narrator hints some conflict here. We can guess those beef-cattle are Muslims.
“I accepted some of their doctrines”
Conversion to Islam was also part of many African Americans’search for a new identity by this.
1. Greens –green leafy vegetables eaten cooked or raw.
2. “She talked …potatoes”
Talk a blue streak: talk a lot and rapidly
3. “Everything delighted her”
“New interest”vs. “Old hatred”
-----Indicated a change of value.
“Maggie’s …an elephant’s”
It is a simile. Elephants are said to have good memories.
“I can use …alcove table”
Centerpiece –an ornament
Alcove –a secluded section of a room for meal. 凹室
1.“Sink”is used figuratively meant a depression in the wood of the handle left by the thumb and fingers.
2. “You could …the wood”
The objects record history. Dee only noticed the nice shape, but Mama and Maggie connected them with the people who used them.
Para55-82: Dee asks for the old quilts.
Words:
Para55:rifle:plunder;to search messily
Eg: The men rifled through his clothing and snatched the wallet.
hang back(off):to be reluctant to advance,as from timidity and shyness
Eg: I saw him step forward momentarily but then hang back, nervously massaging his hands.
dishpan:a pan in which dishes,cooking utensils,etc,are washed
teeny(colloquial):tiny
Eg: I forgot to mention one teeny wittle item.
Para61:stroke中风; 一件(幸运的)事n.
（用笔等）画；轻抚；轻挪；敲击vt.
Eg: He had a minor stroke in 1987, which left him partly paralysed.
It didn't rain, which turned out to be a stroke of luck..
She held the quilts securely in her aarms,stroking them.(this is a sentence in our textbook)
Para74:“That was Maggie’s portion.”
He re “portion” means fate in our textbook.
Para80:“You ought to try ro make something of yourself,too…”
Here in our textbook,“make”means to turn out to be;to prove to have the essential qualities Sentences:
“Bits and pieces of grandpa Jarrell’s Paisly shirts.”(para55)
the quilts there were bits and pieces of Grandpa Jarrell’s Paisly shirts.
“MaMa,”Wangero said,sweet as a bird.”Can I have these old quilts”(para56)
Simile.“MaMa,”Wangero said in an extremely sweet voice.
“I promised to give them quilts to Maggie…John Thomas.”(para64)
Incorrect should be “I promised to give these quits to Maggie when she marries John Thomas.”
“She gasped like a bee had stung her.”(para65)
breathed suddenly in painful surprise.
“God knows I been saving’em…nobody using’em.”( para67)
Incorrect grammer.It should be”God knows I have been saving them long enough with nobody using was hoping somebody would use them.”
“Lwss than that!”(para68)
quilts would be in rags or in an even worse condiction.
“I can remember Grandma Dee without the quilts.”(para73)
Paraphrase:I do not need the quilts to remind me of Grandma lives in my memory.
It's really a new day for us.(para80)
us colored people,this is a new era,and we must seize our opportunities.
But a real smile,not scared.(para82)
smiled a real smile from the bottom of her heart,not nervous.
Paragraphs(The portrayal of the characters and the plot of the story):
para61: “She held the quilts securely in her arms,stroking them. ”
In ,she was “clutching them closely to her bosom.”All this shows how much she wanted them and how determined she was to have them.
para66：“She’d probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.”
Here Wangero said that Maggie was behind times,and not as well educated as she was and that Maggie would not able to appreciate the value of the quilts and would use them just as quilts,not as works of art.
para74：“It was Grandma Dee and Big Dee…to quilt herself. ”
Again it shows Maggie has inherited the cultural legacy from the maternal ancestors.
Para75:In this paragraph the action reaches the did something she had never done before by hugging Maggie to her bosom,snatching the quilts from Wangero’s hands and putting them on Maggie’s lap.
Para80:“Your heritage…”“heritage ”is a key word. Wangero understood that old quilts represented heritages but her interpretation of it was superficial as she only saw it as a thing for Maggie who was closely involved in carrying on the heritage by making them.
Para82:This paragraph contains the final section of the plot-resolution;it records the outcome of the story ens with Mama and Maggie sitting in the yard,just enjoying a dip of snuff,undisturbed.
CONCLUSION:
Mama grew up in a world where colored people were treated much differently than Maggie and Dee have experienced. When Mama was growing up, she had few civil liberties as a colored person. She is a very spiritual woman; she mentions that she sings church songs, and describes one of her actions in comparison to how she might act in church when the “spirit of God touches her”. Mama has a deep, rich personality, and although she has not lived an easy life, the rough life she has lived has turned her into a strong woman.
Mama is happy with the life she has been given. Although she has not accomplished much materialistically, she is proud of who she is. On the night in which the story takes place, Mama and Maggie sit on the porch, “just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed”. It is easy to imagine that this is how the two spend many evenings, and M ama says that after Maggie marries she will be “free to sit here and just sing church songs to herself” . Her life is not very exciting, but she is happy.
Unit 7 GM's Difficult Road Ahead Episode 1 If the old saying “what?s good for American is good for General Motor and vice versa” is still true, we are all in a lot of trouble. General Motors is limping along in the breakdown lane, in need of a lot more than a minor tune-up. With GM?s stock trading near an all time low and its bonds rated as junk, the company reported losses of more than $10 billion last year. Unless it stops hemorrhaging money, it will have to be towed into bankruptcy court—a consequence that could cascade through the American economy, threatening up to a million jobs and changing the dreams of American workers. *General Motors is not just another company.For almost a century, it was emblematic of American industrial dominance, with a car for every customer and a brand for every stratum of society. ***Back when Pontiacs were as sexy as Sinatra and Cadillac the synonym for luxury, GM made half the cars in the United States. And a job on one of its assembly lines was a ticket into the middle class. But that was before the first oil shock, and the Japanese imports. Today, General Motors is losing $24 million a day—and *** all bets are off. Cole: **And this is not a phantom crisis or a fake crisis. This is a real crisis. David Cole is chairman of the Center for Automotive Research, a non-profit consulting firm in Ann Arbor Michigan. He is widely considered one of the industry?s top analysts, and believes that Detroit is now facing what the steel industry and the big airlines have already been through: high labor costs that make it almost impossible to compete. Cole: And every one of the Big Three faces a problem right now of about $2000 to $2500 per vehicle produced cost disadvantage. ** If that plays out over time, they?re all dead. Correspondent: Change or die. Cole: It?s change o r die. Everything is driven by a profitable business. If you can?t be profitable, you can?t be in business. Episode 2: Wagoner: This is a mid-sized car, the Chevy Impala SS… It has certainly not escaped the attention of General Motors chairman Rick Wagoner, who we met at the Detroit Auto Show and may have the toughest job in America: running a corporation many analysts believe has become, too big , too bloated and too slow to compete with more nimble foreign competitors. Correspondent: How did General Motors get to the point where it is right now? Wagoner: …Cause we have a long history, almost 100 years. We have a lot of employees. We
高级英语第三版第一册课后英译汉答案 Unit1Paraphrase: 1.We’re23feet above sea level. 2.The house has been here since1915,andno hurricane has ever caused any damag e to it. 3.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage. 4.Water got into the generator and put it out.It stopped producing electricity,so the lights also went out. 5.Everybody goes out through the back door and runs to the cars! 6.The electrical systems in the car(the battery for the starter)had been put out by w ater. 7.As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee i nland. 8.Oh God,please help us to get through this storm safely 9.Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew di mmer and finally stopped. 10.Janis displayed the fear caused by the hurricanerather late. 1.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。（check out） Each and every airplane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 2.居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。（waste incineration plant,concerned about） The residents were firmly against the construction of a waste incineration plant in th eir neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the air pollution emitt ed by the plant. 3.在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿。（mount to） In this area,investment in ecological projects mounted up to billions of yuan. 4.干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。（strewn with） The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes. 5.虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。（perish）Although war caused great losses to this country,its local cultural traditi ons did not perish. 6.为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的、具有民族特色的建筑都被拆毁了。（demolish） To make space for modern high rises,a lot of ancient buildings with ethnic cultural fe atures had to be demolished. 7.在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。（disintegrate） The main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated in the earthqua ke. 8.他为实现自己的目标付出了最大的努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化为了泡影。
E v e r y d a y U s e f o r Y o u r G r a n d m a m a In order to understand this passage better, we can watch a movie---”The Color of Purple” 故事发生于1909年美国南部。未受过教育的黑人女孩西莉被继父强奸后，又被迫嫁给了粗鲁，凶狠的黑人男子，西莉称其为“先生”。在惊恐和胆怯中她开始了奴仆一般的痛苦生活。幸而有亲姐妹南蒂与之相伴，泪水中才多了一些欢乐。不久，这短暂的幸福也从西莉身边消失了。因为“先生”强奸南蒂不成，恼羞成怒地将南蒂赶了出去，姐妹二人被残酷的分开。年复一年，西莉在门口的邮筒中找寻南蒂的音讯，她始终期盼有一天能与南蒂再次重逢……(从中大家可以看到当时的整个社会的缩影，以及黑人生活的社会环境和社会地位，黑人女性的崛起和黑人女性的反抗精神也从有深刻得展现) Everyday Use for Your Grandmama Characters: Maggie: a shy,young woman made even more self-concious by scars she got in a house fire years ago. She hasn` t has much formal education but has learned traditional skills, such as quilting, from her familiy. Mama(Mrs johnson): the narrator of the story. She is a middle-aged or even older African American woman living with her younger daugter, Maggie. Athough poor, she is strong and independent, and takes great pride in her way of life. Dee(Wangero): Dee is Mama` s older daugher. She is attractive, well-educated and sophisticated. Moreover, she is selfish and she may even has caused the fire that disfigured （损毁···的外貌）her sister. Mama(Mrs johnson) called her Dee or Wangero. Asalamalakim: a young muslim man who accompanies Dee on her visit. Mama, unable to pronounce his name , called him “Hakim-a- Baber”. The muslim greeting he gives to her means “peace and happiness to you. ” This maybe ironic because their visit disturbs the peaceful lives of Maggie and Mama. The relationship between him and Dee is unknown. He may be a friend, a boyfriend, husband or spiritual adviser. Main content:The story begins when the mother and Maggie wait for Dee to come back goes back home with her lover. She asks for some traditional household appliances, especially two old quilts made by their grandma. The mother refuses. Instead, she sends the two quilts to Maggie. Dee leaves her eyes, two old quilts(百纳被) are the cultural heritage of blacks. Maggie inherits the black tradition and she should own them. The text: I. para1-2 The prelude: the three family members. II. Para3-16 The mother’s recollections / flashback:the three persons’relationships——mother; Maggie; Dee III. Para17- 82 The process of Dee going back home. Detailed study of the text: Paragraph 1---16: Paragraph1: 1,...Maggie and I made so clean and wavy...(wavy:波动起伏的。It shows that Maggie and Mama had made carefully preparations for the arrival of Dee.) 2,It is like a extended living room. (extended: enlarged, prolonged. Expressions with extend: extended family) Paragraph 2: 1,```homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs...(homely: 不好看的，不漂亮的，later we will know how she got the scar, so that is a suspense.) 2, she thinks her sister has held life always...to say to her.(she think that her sister has always had a firm control of her life and that she can always has what she want. )(课后习题paraphrase )
Lesson 1 Question: 1. Why did John Koshak decide to stay although he knew the hurricane would be bad? For the following reasons: For one thing, the house was 23 feet above sea level; for another,he was unwilling to abandon his home. 2. How did the man prepare for the hurricane? Why was a generator necessary? They filled bathtubs and pails. Besides, they checked out batteries for portable radio and flashlights, and fuel for the lantern. A generator was necessary because John's father wired several light bulbs to it and prepared a connection to the refrigerator. 3. What made it impossible for the Koshak to escape? It was impossible for the Koshers to escape both by car and on foot. The car's electrical system had been killed by water. Meanwhile, the water became too deep for them to escape on foot. 4. Why did John Koshak feel a crushing guilt? Because he blamed himself for underestimating the power of the hurricane and then endangering the whole family by his wrong decision not to flee safer inland. 5. Why did Grandma Koshak ask children to be sing? A: Because she knew how frightened the children were and wanted to boost their spirit. 6. What was a hurricane party? What happened to the party gores? A hurricane party was the one that was held by several vacationers to enjoy the spectacle of the hurricane with a clear and broad view in the fancy Richelieu Apartments from where they believed they would be safe. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart by the hurricane and 26 people perished. 7. What did Grandma Koshak mean when she said," We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important?" She meant that human lives are more important than material possessions. 8. How did the community of Gulfport act after Hurricane Camille was over? They managed to make their lives return to normal and began rebuilding their community without any delay. Paraphrase: 1. We're elevated 23 feet. Our house is 23 feet above sea level. 2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. The house was built in 1915 and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it. 3. We can batten down and ride it out. We can prepare ourselves for the hurricane and manage to survive it without much damage. 4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. Water got into the generator, and it didn't work. As a result, the lights were put out. 5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! Everybody go out though the back door and get into the cars. 6. The electrical system had been killed by water. The electrical system in the cars had been destroyed by water. 7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. When John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he b
Lesson 9 “A More Perfect Union” (Part Ⅰ) 一、词汇短语 1. improbable adj. not likely to be true or to happen不可能的 2. persecution n. the state of treating someone cruelly or unfairly over a period of time, especially because of their religious or political beliefs 迫害 3. stalemate n. a situation in which it seems impossible to settle an argument or disagreement, and neither side can get an advantage 僵局，僵持 4. embed v. to fix something firmly into a substance or solid object 使插入，使嵌入 5. parchment n. a substance made from animal skin, used in the past for writing on; a document, manuscript, or diploma on parchment （用于书写正式文件的）仿羊皮纸；毕业文凭 6. obligation n. the state of being forced to do something because it is your duty, or because of a law, etc.义务，职责， 债务 7. unyielding adj. if a person is unyielding, they are not easily influenced and they are unlikely to change their mind坚强的，不屈的， 执着的
On Getting Off to Sleep by J.B. Priestley 课后练习(Exercises on the text) A. 1. The author thinks that humor: can save grace of us and weshould die of vexation without it. 2.Yea. 3.No. . 4. No. 5. No. 6. The author thinks that the matter of sleep can best illustrate the contrariness of things. 7. He can do anything but sleep when he lies between the sheets at a late hour. 8. The author thinks that the best way of inducing sleep is to imagine a dialogue with a friend, whose task ,without anything like fancy and wit, is boring. B. 1．人是一个矛盾的集合体！ 2．我们的思想和头脑中的意象是完全有形的东西。 3．我过去常常怀着惊奇的心情去读那些吹捧好战的超人的故事…… 4．人为的催眠法有很多，但都不灵。 5．当她的大脑对这种单调的生活感到厌倦时，睡眠自然就会来。 6．她最喜欢的方法就是想象一幅画在墙上没挂正，她去把它弄正。 7．但是我还没有放弃寻找加快睡眠的方法。 8. 今天晚上，我就要抛弃诸如数跳羊和扶歪画之类的想象。 C. 1. clenched 2. refreshed 3. straighten 4. remonstrated 5. of no avail 6. eventual 7. meditated 8. inhuman D. 1. contradiction 2. dim 3. tormented
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案： 篇一：高级英语第一册课后答案 Lesson 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar I． 1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt． 2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery —market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy． 3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar． 4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit. 5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil
宇宙边缘的黑暗 很多领域的研究者都非常想直接目睹过去的情景，但是他们通常只能通过风化的化石、腐烂的羊皮纸或是木乃伊遗体拼凑起遥远过去的信息。而宇宙学却截然不同，这一学科研究的是宇宙的起源和发展，实际上在这一领域，我们可以直接见证历史。 人们肉眼所看到的点点星光是几年前或是几千年前射向我们的光子，效力大的望远镜发现远处物体所发射的光向我们这里走过的时间远远超过几年或几千年，有时甚至长达数十亿年。我们看到的远古的光线实际上是远古的时间。 过去十年对于这些远古星光的观察不仅为宇宙的过去提供了很深邃的见解，而且对于宇宙未来的本质也提供了深刻的见解。由于一种叫做“暗物质”的物体，这些数据所提供的未来尤其令人不安。 发现暗物质的故事从一个世纪以前开始，当时阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦认识到空间并非艾萨克·牛顿所预期的那样一成不变，恰恰相反，爱因斯坦通过自己研究的广义相对论发现，空间和时间可以扭曲和旋转，其反应的状态就像孩子跳跃的蹦床一样。实际上，空间的可延展性极强，按照数学上的推理，宇宙的大小是随着时间进行必要的改变的，空间的结构一定是在膨胀或是收缩，总之不可能完全不变。 对爱因斯坦来说，他无法接受这一结论，他已经花了十年艰难的时间来发展相对论，寻找对于重力更好的理解方式，但是对他来说，宇宙膨胀说或是宇宙缩小说的观念似乎完全错误，因为它公然违背了人们最普遍的知识---即宇宙是固定不变的。 爱因斯坦迅速做出了回应，他修改了相对论的方程式，以便数学结果可以产生出不变的宇宙。如同拔河中的僵持阶段一样，静态的局面需要相等而且相反的作用力来抵消彼此的力量。对于很远的距离以外，形成宇宙的力就是重力的引力，所以爱因斯坦推论出需要一个与引力相排斥的反作用力。但是这会是什么力呢？ 爱因斯坦惊讶地发现，自己简单地修改相对论的方程式需要反重力，反重力的概念将令牛顿非常惊讶---因为反重力是在推动对方而不是吸引对方。像地球和太阳这样普通的物体，只能产生引力。但是数学公式表明，在更远的地方，就像桑拿房中充满蒸汽一样，有一种能量可以产生重力的反作用力，这种能量均匀地充斥着太空，只是我们无法看见。爱因斯坦把这一充满太空的能量称为宇宙常数。他还发现只需微调一下宇宙常数的数值，其产生的斥力就能精确地抵消恒星和星系所产生的引力，从而产生静态的宇宙。爱因斯坦不禁如释重负地叹了口气。 然而十二年以后，爱因斯坦却对自己引入宇宙常数的概念后悔不迭。1929年，美国天文学家埃德温·哈勃发现所有远处的星系都在向远离我们的方向奔去，宇宙星系大批离去可以直接从广义相对论中得到最佳解释：就像正在烘烤的松饼上的罂粟种子在面团膨胀后互相分离一样，太空星系也互相分离。哈勃的观察建立了一个概念，没有必要设置宇宙常数，宇宙不是静止不变的。
第一课Face to face with Hurricane Camille 1. Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。 2. The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emissions polluting the air. 居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。 3. Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of Yuan. 在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿元。 4. The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes. 干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。 5. Although war caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish. 虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。 6. To make space for modern high rises, many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished. 为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的，具有民族特色的建筑物都被拆毁了。 7. In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated. 在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。 8. His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals.他为实现自己的目标付出了最大努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化成了泡影。 第二课Hiroshima-the “Liveliest” City in Japan 1. There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off. 礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。 2. That modern construction looks very much like a flying saucer. 那座现代建筑看上去很想个飞碟。 3. Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other. 四川话和湖北话在北方人听起来很相似，有时难以区别。 4. The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern Bazaar 1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处 2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有 3)我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。 5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。 6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。 9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。 10）黄昏临近时，天渐渐地暗下来了。 11）徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。 12）吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner. Lesson 2 Hiroshima-the Livest city in Japan 1)礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。 2)那本书看上去很像个盒子。
3)四川话和湖北话很相似，有时很难区别。 4)一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。 5)他陷入沉思之中，没有例会同伴们在谈些什么。 6)他干的事与她毫无关系。 7)她睡不着觉，女儿的病使她心事重重。 8)这件事长期以来一直使我放心不下。 9)他喜欢这些聚会，喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题交换意见。 10)大家在几分钟以后才领悟他话中的含义。 11)土壤散发着青草的气味。 12)我可以占用你几分钟时间吗？ 13)你能匀出一张票子给我吗？ 14)那个回头发上了年纪的人是铜匠。 Lesson 4 Everyday Use for your grandmama 1.一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。 2.只要你为人正直，不怕失去什么，那你对任何人都不会畏惧。
Lesson Eleven On Getting off to Sleep谈睡眠 人真是充满矛盾啊! 毫无疑问，幽默是惟一帮助我们摆脱矛盾的办法，要是没有它，我们就会死于烦恼。 What a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surety, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation. 在我看来，没有什么比睡眠更能说明事物间的矛盾。 With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. 比如，我打算写一篇文章，面前放好了笔、墨和几张白纸，准保没写几个字我就会困得要命，无论当时是几点都会那样。 If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is. 我瞪着那似乎在谴责我的白纸，直到眼前一片模糊，声音也难以辨清，只有靠意志力才能勉强坚持。 I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all. 即使这时，我也会迷迷糊糊地像在做梦一样继续坚持工作。 Even then, I proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream. 但是当深夜躺在床上，我什么事都能干，只有睡觉无法做到。 But let me be between the sheets at a late hour, and I can do any-thing but sleep. 随着时钟一遍一遍的报时，我可以完成大量的文章。 Between chime and chime of the clock I can write essays by the score. 极有吸引力的主题和崇高的思想纷纷出现在脑海，随之而来的还有恰如其分的意象和措辞。Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression. 除了笔、墨和纸，什么也不能阻止我写出半打不朽的杰作。 Nothing stands between me and half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper. 如果，我们的思想和主观意象对于来世的人来说真的就像我们的书本和图片一样是有形的、摸得着的，那么我在来世会比在今生获得更高的声誉。 If it be true that our thoughts and mental images are perfectly tangible things, like our books and pictures, to the inhabitants of the next world, then I am making for myself a better reputation there than I am in this place. 只要我躺在床上有一两个小时睡不着觉，我就能令自己满意地解决人类一切的疑虑。 Give me a restless hour or two in bed and I can solve, to my own satisfaction, all the doubts of humanity. 如果我有兴致的话，我可以谱写出宏伟的交响乐，描绘出壮丽的画卷。 When I am in the humour I can compose grand symphonies, and paint magnificent pictures. 我就是莎士比亚、贝多芬和米开朗基罗。但这一切仍无法令我满意，因为我还是无法入睡。