一、接动词不定式做宾语的动词
三个希望两答应( hope, wish, want, agree, promise),
两个要求莫拒接(dema nd, ask, refuse), 设法学会做决定( man age, lear n, decide), 不要假装在选择(prete nd, choose)
1. tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人
(不要)做某事
2. wa nt sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
3. try to do sth.试图做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
4. help sb. (to) do sth.帮某人做某事
5. be busy with sth.忙于某事
=be busy doing sth
6. spend money/time on(doing) sth.花费金钱/ 时间去做某事
7. hope to do sth./hope(that) 希望....
8. wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事
9. se nd sth to sb =se nd sb sth 发给某人某
物
10. find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
11. [remember to do sth.记得要去做某事
T
-remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事
12Jforget to do sth.忘记要去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事
13. pla n to do sth.计划做某事
14. take sb. some time/m oney to do sth.做某事花费某人时间/金钱
15. sb. pay(s) mo ney for sth.某人在某物上花
费金钱
16. sth. cost(s) sb. some mo ney 某人在某物上花费金钱
17.like to do/doing sth.喜欢做某事
18.love/like doi ng sth 喜欢做某事
ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事
decide to do sth.决定做某事
would like to do sth 想要做某事
-enjoy to do sth
-enjoy doing sth 享受做某事
二、接动词原形或者现在分词的动词
see/hear sb. do/doing sth.看见/听至U某人干过/ 在干某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事make sb do sth 使得某人做某事let sb do sth让某人做某事dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事hate doing/to do sth 讨厌做某事keep doing sth保持一直做某事be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
spend(time)doing sth 花时间做某事mind doing sth 介意做某事need to do sth需要做某事look forward to doi ng sth 期望做某事
动词不定式练习：
. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn ' t say anything.
He was too angry ______ _____ anything.
2. I don ' t know when we wiallvhe the meeting.
I don ' t know when ________ ______ the meeting.
3. He said he would write a letter.
He said he would have a letter ____ ______ .
4. That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important ____ you ___ _______ English in the morning.
5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone.
He was strong ____ ____ _____ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.
His father went to Beijing _______ _____ his holiday.
7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early ____ _____ ______ ______ there in time.
8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.
His brother decided _____ _____ the book.
9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.
He hopes ____ _____ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room.
He was seen _____ ____ into the room.
11.We made him work five hours a day.
He was made ____ _____ five hours a day.
12. Do you want to say anything for yourself?
Do you have anything ____ ___ for yourself?
13. We don ' t know what we shall do next.
We don't know what _____ _____ next.
14.I ' m very sorry on hearing the bad news.
I 'm very sorry ____ ______ the bad news.
15.He stopped and had a look at me.
He stopped ____ _____ a look at me.
16.I helped him with his English.
I helped him ____ _____ English.
17. My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike.
My father promised ___ _____ me a bike.
18. The box is so heavy that I can ' t carry it.
The box is too heavy _____ me _____ ______ .
19. “ Lie down! ” the boy said to his dog.
The boy ordered his dog _____ ______ down.
20. “ Don' t make any noise, ” she said to me.
She told me ______ _____ ________ any noise.
. 单选：
1. This company was the first ___ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.
A. producing
B. to produce
C. having produced
D. produced
2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, __ i t more difficult.
A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make
3. Helen had to shout ____ above the sound of the music .
A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard
4. I don ' t know whether you happen ________ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.
A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard
5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left.
A .to tell
B .to be told
C .telling
D .told
6. You were silly not _____ your car.
A. to lock
B. to have locked
C. locking
D. having locked
7. The teacher asked us ____ so much noise.
A .don ' t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make
8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ___ c lear warnings before
firing any shots.
A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
9. I ' d rart h aeve a room of my own, however small it is, than _____ a room with someone else.
A. to share
B. to have shared
C. share
D. sharing
10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. robbed
B. to have been robbed
C. being robbed
D. having been robbed
11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed _____ i n a fire.
A. being destroyed
B. having been destroyed
C. to be destroyed
D. to have been destroyed
12. The meeting _____ next week is sure to be a great success.
A. to take place
B. to be taken place
C. to have taken place
D. being taken place
13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ______ my work in time.
A. and finished
B. to finish
C. and finishing
D. to finished
14. I am sorry _____ written you a letter at the time.
A. to have not
B. to not have
C. not to have
D. not having
15. Will you lend him a magazine _______ ?
A. to be read
B. for reading
C. to read
D. he read
16. He could do nothing but ______ for the bus ________ .
A. wait, to come
B. wait; come
C. waiting; coming
D. waited; came
17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ______ right now.
A. to solve
B. solving
C. being solved
D. to be solving
18. There 'as man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means __________
trouble.
A. making
B. to make
C. to have made
D. having made
19. I remember _____ him _______ the bike needed ________ .
A. hearing, saying, to repair
B. to hear, say, to repair
D. to hear, saying, to be repaired
20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.
--- I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn
A. to do
B. to
C. doing
D. doing so 21. Robert is said to ________ abroad, but I don
A. to have studied
B. to study B. to be studying
22. I ' m gong to Xi ' an next weeko. uH a vneytyhing ________ to your parents?
23. when are they _________ in their plan?
A. hand
B. handed
C. to hand
D. give 24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ___________ .
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survived
D. will survive 25. When we hurried to the station, there happened ______ no bus at that time.
A. to have
B. to be
C. having
D. being
26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _______ matters worse, it began to rain.
A. made
B. having made
C. making
D. to make
27. At ______ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy
_________ a good rest.
A. no, to take
B. no, taking
C. any, to take
D. one, taking 28. --Are you a student? --No, but I used ________ .
A. to be
B. to was
C. to do
D. to be a
29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed ________ himself _______ in the living room.
A. to enjoy, to shut
B. to be enjoying, shutting
C. to be enjoying, shut
D. to have enjoyed, having shut
30. With a lot of difficult problems ______ , the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled 31. We ' re leaving at six o ' clock, and hope ________ most of the journey by lunch time.
A. to do
B. to have done
C. to make
D. to have made 32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _______ .
A. understood
B. to be understood
C. to understand
D. understand 33. Who will you get ________ the project for us?
A. design
B. to design
C. designed
D. designing
34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know ________ .
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
35. We are not allowed ________ outdoors with some other children.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. to play
D. be playing
36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ______ to carry all the way home.
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role ____________ in making the earth a
better place to live in.
A. to have played
B. to play
C. to be played
D. to be playing 38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _______ .
A. to send
B. for sending it
C. to send it to
D. for sending it to
C. hearing, say, repairing 't find her anywhere.
t know what country he studied in.
D. to have been studying A. to take B. to be taken C. to be bought to D. to buy
39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _______ everything.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. to be telling
D. to have been told 40. There are five pairs ________ , but I ' m atbauylo.ss which to
A. to be chosen
B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing 41. The problem is _______ difficult for us _________ .
A. so; work out
B. very too; to be worked out
C. rather too, to work out
D. quite too, to work it out 42. ---Where should I _______ my application?
---The personnel office is the place _________ . A. send; to send it B. send for; to send it to C. send for; for sending it D. send; to send it to 43. I ' ve worked with childnrebefore, so I know what __________ in my new job.
A. expected
B. to expect
C. expects
D. to be expecting 44. I feel it is your husband who _________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame
B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed
D. should blame 45. Can you imagine the questions I had ________ our teacher? A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. ask 46. Who did you _______ the wall yesterday?
A. have painted
B. have paint
C. have to paint 47. ---Wh at ' s the matter with John?
---He didn 't pass the test but he still ____________ . A. hopes so B. hopes to C. hope it 48. Much attention should be paid __________ people A. in improving B. to improve C. improving
49. _________ that evening was due to his ill health.
A. He failed to come
B. That he failed to coming
C. His failure to come
D. His failure in coming
50. I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
51. My family considers _____ a computer, which is considered ________ a great help in our
work and study. A. to buy; to be B. buying; being C. to buy; being D. buying; to be
52. With the plane _______ in ten minutes, all the passengers on board were asked to turn off
their mobile phones. A. taken off B. taking off C. to take off D. would take off
53. Thank you for all t he trouble you ' ve taken _________ me.
A. to help
B. with to help
C. in helping
D. of helping 54. He is believed ______ the college exam, for he is now studying very hard now.
A. to pass
B. to have passed
C. pass
D. that he can pass 55. _____________________________ --- Will you have anybody the flowers?
--- Yes, I ' ll have the flowers _________ . A. plant, planted C. plant; to be planted 56. They are looking forward with
hope _________________________________ from you soon.
D. have painting
D. hope that 's living conditions.
D. to improving
B. to plant, planted D. to plant , plant
A. to hearing
B. of hearing
57. Busy translating a book, he couldn
C. hearing
't help
D. to hear
the article.
A. write
B. writing 58. Zhou Lan doesn ' t have to be made
C. wrote
D. written _. _S_h_e_always studies very
hard.
59.
A. learn
B. to learn D. learned this cake, you
C. learning ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar, and 175 g flour. A. Having made, 60. I feel it an honour B, Make C. To make
D. Making A. to be asked ___ to speak here. B. to ask C. having asked D. asked
61. He asked me here earlier. A. come B. to come 62. Please tell him C. coming on the wall. D. came A. don ' t draw B. to not draw C. not to draw D. not draw 63. He wanted A. to have _ a cup of tea.
B. having
C. have
D. had 64. I 'd like
a word with you. B. having 65. I came here ______ my uncle. B. to see C. seeing 拒
绝） ________________ A. had A. saw 66. The man refused A. to take 67. I can let you A. to have C. to have D. have D. to be seen
back his words.
B. taking ___ one ticket. B. have 68. We often heard him A. to sing
69. He was made A. work C. took D. takes C. having in his room. D. had B. sings C. sang ___ day and night. C. to work
D. sing B. working 70. He stopped _____ a look, but saw nothing. A. having B. to have C. have D. worked D. had
71. My father was too angry __ A. to say B. not to say a word. C. to saying D. didn ' t say 72. My brother was old enough _______ A. went B. goes C. going him
73. It is time A. of, to have B. for, to have 74. It ' s very kind you A. of, to help B. for, to help 75. It ' s important
____________ A. kept B. to keep 76. Before liberation （解放） A. went B. go to school. D. to go supper. C. of, having D. for, to has me. D. of, helping C. of, help _ our classroom clean every day. C. to give D. keep they had no chance __________ to school. C. to go D. to be gone 77. He said he had an important meeting _______ . C. attending A. attend B. would attend D. to attend
78. Please give me a piece of paper
79. I don ' t know _________ . A. what do B. what will do C. what to do D. do what 80. Your radio needs _______ . A. to be repaired B. to repair C. repaired
D. to repairing 81. My wish is
__
_____ a teacher.
A. becoming
B. to become
C. become
D. became 82. I want ____ ___ him a letter
now.
A. to write
B. not write
C. write
D. wrote
83. It took us three days ________ the trees.
A. plant
B. planted
C. to plant
D. plants 84. Why not _______ here ______ me? A. to come, to see B. come, to see C. came, seeing D. come, see
85. He wishes me ____ my best _________ hard at English. A. to do, to work B. doing, working C. to do, working D. do, work 86. Please tell me ______ her. I have something ______ her. A. where to find, telling B. where to find, to tell C. where can find, to tell D. where finding, telling 87. How happy they are _____ each other again!
A. to see
B. see
C. saw
D. being seen 88. They decided （决心） ______ a letter _____ their thanks. A. to write, expressing （表达） B. writing, express C. write, expressed D. to write, to express
89. The officer ordered （命令） him ______ down ________ a rest. A. lying, have B. to lie, to have
90. The headmaster called on （号召） 动词不定式练习参考答案
1. to say
2. to have
3. to write
4. for, to, read
5. enough, to lift
6. to spend
7. in, order, to, get
8. to buy 9. to visit
10. to go 11. to work 12. to say
13. to do 14. to hear 15. to have
16. to learn （ study ）
17. to buy 18. for, to carry 19. to lie 20. not, to make
1---10 BCDDB BDACB 11
- --20 DABCC ABBCB 21---30 ABCBB DAACC 31-40 BCBCC ABCDB 41 —
50CDBAB BBDCB 51—60 DCAAA AABCA 61-70 BCACB
ABDCB
71-80 ADBAB
CDBCA 81-90 BACBA
BADBA
A. to write
B. to write on
C. writing
D. to write it
C. to lie, having
D. lie, had us
hard for our country.
A. to work
B. worked
C. work
D. to working
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习
Grammar Presentation---动词不定式 一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。 下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing.
动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce
动词不定式用法大全 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
语法：动词不定式 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、构成：to do .否定式not to do 二、常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后 置。 比较下列句子 To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . ______ To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying ________ goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss ______ White. To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. _______ 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb：?i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等）。 It is very kind of you to help me. It ' s not polite of himto speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is n ecessary for us to study hard ___ It is easy for him to speak En glish. 动词不定式作主语练习 1. It's our duty the room every day. A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. cleans（甘肃省）
八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非 谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作 句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。 一、用作主语 多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语一一动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓 语动词用第三人称单数形式。疑问词+不定式短语作主语可 置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如： 1.1 t is our duty to try our best to deal With these problems. 2. The head teacher Said it WaS necessary to talk With his mother. 3. HOW to learn EngIiSh well is important. 4. To See iS to believe.（眼见为实；百闻不如一见） 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如： 1. The best Way is to join an EngIiSh club. 2. The first thing is to IiSten to the teacher carefully. 三、用作宾语 1. 可以接带to的
动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择 同意(ask, choose, agree)期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, Iearm，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。女口： 1) We decided to talk to SOme StudentS about Why they go there. 2) He PreferS to eat White bread and rice. 3) Id love to ViSit Mexico. 2. 动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on... 可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但Why后面的不定 式不带to。女口： 1) Could you PIeaSe tell me Where to Park my car? 2) It gives advice on What to do in lots of different SitUations. 3. 动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语 代替真正的宾语--- 动词不定式，句子结构是…feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。女口: 4. 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5. 后接动词不定式或Ving形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发 生；后接Ving形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停
动词不定式的基本用法 一、概述 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其形式如下：（主动形式） ◆一般式（not）to do 一般现在时表示的动词有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. 我希望再见到你。_____________________________________________________ ◆完成式（not）to have done 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He seems to have caught a cold. 很抱歉给你带来这么多的麻烦。____________________________________________ ◆进行式（not）to be doing 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 他假装在学习。_______________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式的语法功能 （一）作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 ____________________________________________________________________ ★常用的动词有afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, happen, help, learn, long（渴望）, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish… 2）动词+疑问词+ to Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
非谓语动词 一、英语句子需要遵循一个总原则：一个句子只能有一个动词。当一个句子必须要出现两个或两个以上的动词才能完整 表达一个意思时，为了不违法总原则，英语有四种处理方式： 1. 切分成两个或者多个句子 She is a girl. She likes English 2. 将一个谓语动词做主句，其余动词改成从句 She is the girl who likes singing. 3. 添加and, but, or, when, because, not only..but also, either..or 等连词变成并列结构 She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 4. 将其中一个动词变成非谓语动词形式 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. 二、非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词(and,but,or等)的情况下， 还有别的动词出现时，这时就要用非谓语动词 三、非谓语除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以做 不定式（to do） 四、非谓语动词三种形式分词现在分词（doing） 过去分词( done ) 动名词(doing) 五、非谓语动词解题技巧： 1. 判断是不是用非谓语动词（1.看有没有逗号 2.看有没有谓语 3.看有没有连词。要牢记英语中逗号不能连接两个 句子，一个句子如果没有连词只能有一个谓语） 2. 判断是主语和动词是主动还是被动关系 3. 判断时间, 确定非谓语动词和主句动词谁先发生，谁后发生 不定式的用法 不定式构成一般式完成式进行式 主动关系to do to have done to be doing 被动关系to be done to have been done 不定式动词和谓语动词发生的时间关系不定式的动作和谓语动作同时发生， 或发生谓语动作之后 he seems to know a lot 不定式的动作发生在谓语动 作之前 I regretted to have told you a lie. 不定式的动作和谓语 动作同时发生 I’m glad to be talking with you 不定式否定形式在to前加not. 即not to..... 不定式充当的成分主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾补
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start,
非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
省略to的动词不定式用法归纳 一、使役动词与to的省略 当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。如： Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。 They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。 但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带to。如： 他被迫一天工作20小时。 误：He was made work twenty hours a day. 正：He was made to work twenty hours a day. 注意，表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。 另外注意，force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如： They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。 The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。 考例： 1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. https://www.doczj.com/doc/016141550.html, to leave https://www.doczj.com/doc/016141550.html, leaving C.to leave D.to leaving 2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one. A.choose B.chosen C.chose D.to choose 3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all. A.marry a man B.to marry a man C.to marry with a man D.married with a man 二、感觉动词与to的省略 当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略to。如： We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗? I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。 但是，当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时，则不能省略to。如：They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。 注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的to不能省略。如： They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个
动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。
如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省
动词不定式 【概念引入】 1. 动词不定式名言： （1）动词不定式作表语 To lose is to learn. 失败就是学习。 （2）动词不定式作主语 It is better to give than to take. 给予比接受更好。 （3）不定式作宾语 Expect to be treated as you have treated others. 你怎样待别人，就指望别人怎样待你。 （4）不定式作宾补 Adversity causes some men to break，others to break records. 逆境使一些人崩溃，也使一些人破记录。 （5）不定式作定语 There is a time to talk and a time to act. 该说的时候说，该做的时候做。 （6）不定式作目的状语 To find the exact answer，one must first ask the exact question. 要找到确切的答案，首先必须提出确切的问题。 2. 动词不定式定义： 动词不定式是一种非谓语形式（不能作谓语），基本形式是to do形式(to是不定式符号的标志，无意义，可以不翻译) 肯定式：to + 动词原形 否定式：not to + 动词原形 【用法讲解】 1.动词不定式的特征 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 2. 动词不定式在句子中的作用 动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 （1）动词不定式作主语。例如： To master a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。 To teach English is my favorite. 教英语是我的爱好。 It's my pleasure to help you. 很乐意帮助你。 （2）动词不定式作宾语。 某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide, begin, help, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask等。例如： I like to help others if I can. 如果有可能的话，我喜欢帮助别人。 I want to buy a new car when I have enough money. 我有钱时想买一辆新车。
动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式，它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是：not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外，其他成分都可作。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意：不定式之前的to（又称为小品词）与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语；而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用，一般可归类为三种基本用法：作名词，作形容词，作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用，在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语
名词用法的不定式和名词一样，可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意：在It is… to…‖的句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；使用这种结构，可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成―It is… to…‖的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为：It is to believe to see. 2.作表语
动词不定式（the infinitive）的基本用法 动词不定式 1. “not/never to do / not do”. 2. 基本用法：不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。 一、不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语 eg: It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school. 不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后。 e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well. ★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即： 跟踪练习 1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers. 2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream. 3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换) ________ ________ English well ______ very important. 4. It’s important _______ Chinese well. A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns 2. 作表语 eg：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. 表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等，可与系动词构成系表结构。 eg：Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school. My job is to clean the streets. 跟踪练习 1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day. 2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor. 3. 作宾语 eg：The driver offered to help the patient. 有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，表示命令、打算或希望等。常见的此类动词有：agree,