Report on OHS risk control program in Castle Peak Power
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英文内部控制报告Internal Control ReportIntroduction:The purpose of this report is to evaluate and assess the internal control system of our organization. Internal control refers to the policies, procedures, and practices implemented by management to safeguard assets, ensure accuracy of financial records, and promote operational efficiency.1. Control Environment:The control environment consists of the overall attitude, awareness, and actions of management regarding the importance of internal control. It sets the tone for the organization and influences the control consciousness of its employees. In our organization, the management has established a strong control environment by promoting ethical behavior, providing clear expectations, and encouraging open communication.2. Risk Assessment:Risk assessment involves the identification and analysis of potential risks that may impact the achievement of organizational objectives. Our organization has a comprehensive risk assessment process in place, which includesregular evaluation of internal and external factors that may affect our operations. Risks are assessed based on their likelihood and potential impact, and appropriate controls are implemented to mitigate identified risks.3. Control Activities:Control activities are the specific actions taken by management to address the risks identified during the risk assessment process. These activities include the segregation of duties, authorization and approval procedures, physical controls, and IT controls. In our organization, we have implemented various control activities to ensure the accuracy and reliability of financial reporting, safeguard assets, and promote operational efficiency.4. Information and Communication:Information and communication play a vital role in the effectiveness of internal control. Accurate and timely information is necessary for management to make informed decisions and monitor the organization's performance. Our organization has implemented a robust information system that ensures the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of information. Additionally, effective communication channels are established to ensure the flow of information throughoutthe organization.5. Monitoring:Monitoring is an ongoing process to assess the effectiveness of internal control over time. It involves regular reviews, evaluations, and testing of controls to identify any deficiencies or areas for improvement. Our organization has established a comprehensive monitoring program, including internal audits and management reviews, to ensure that controls are operating effectively and to address any identified weaknesses.总结:综上所述,我们的组织已经建立了一个有效的内部控制体系,以保障资产安全、确保财务记录的准确性,并提高运营效率。
英文安永审计报告Audit ReportThe audit report is a comprehensive document that provides an independent assessment of an organization's financial statements, internal controls, and compliance with relevant laws and regulations. As a leading professional services firm, Ernst & Young (EY) is renowned for its expertise in conducting rigorous audits and delivering insightful analysis to its clients. This report outlines the key findings and recommendations from the EY audit of the financial statements of a client organization for the fiscal year ended December 31 2022.Financial Statements ReviewThe audit team conducted a thorough examination of the client's financial statements including the balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, and related notes to the financial statements. The team's review focused on ensuring the accuracy, completeness, and fair presentation of the financial information in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).Overall the audit team found that the financial statements presentfairly in all material respects the financial position of the organization as of December 31 2022 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with GAAP. The team identified no material misstatements or exceptions in the financial reporting.The balance sheet as of December 31 2022 reflects total assets of $125 million and total liabilities of $75 million resulting in total shareholders' equity of $50 million. The income statement for the year ended December 31 2022 shows total revenues of $200 million and net income of $20 million. The statement of cash flows demonstrates the organization generated $30 million in net cash from operating activities.Internal Controls AssessmentA key component of the audit involved evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of the organization's internal control environment. The audit team conducted walkthroughs of key business processes interviewed personnel and tested relevant controls to assess their adequacy in mitigating financial reporting risks.In the team's assessment the organization maintains an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting. No material weaknesses or significant deficiencies were identified that couldpotentially impact the reliability of the financial statements. The controls tested were found to be suitably designed and operating effectively to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP.The organization has established a strong control environment with clear assignment of authority and responsibility. Key controls were noted in the areas of cash management accounts receivable and payable inventory management and payroll processing. The team commends the organization's proactive approach to maintaining a robust internal control framework.Compliance ReviewAs part of the audit the team also reviewed the organization's compliance with applicable laws regulations and contractual agreements. This included an assessment of the company's adherence to requirements related to tax filings employee benefit plans and industry-specific regulations.The audit team found the organization to be in substantial compliance with the relevant laws and regulations. No instances of non-compliance were identified that could have a material effect on the financial statements. The organization appears to have appropriate processes and controls in place to ensure ongoingcompliance.One area noted for potential improvement relates to the organization's policies and procedures for monitoring changes in laws and regulations. The audit team recommends enhancing the compliance function to proactively identify and assess the impact of new or amended requirements. This will help ensure the organization remains fully compliant on an ongoing basis.Overall Conclusion and RecommendationsBased on the procedures performed and evidence obtained the EY audit team concludes that the financial statements of the organization present fairly in all material respects the financial position results of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31 2022 in conformity with GAAP. The organization maintains an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting and is in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations.To further strengthen the organization's financial reporting and compliance the audit team recommends the following:- Enhance the compliance function to proactively monitor changes in laws and regulations- Formalize the process for reviewing and updating accounting policies and procedures on a periodic basis- Implement additional controls around the review and approval of journal entries- Provide enhanced training to finance and accounting personnel on recent GAAP updatesThe EY team appreciates the cooperation and assistance provided by the client's finance and accounting staff throughout the audit process. We are available to discuss the findings and recommendations in more detail. Please let us know if you have any questions or require additional information.。
外文翻译Internal control and its disclosureMaterial Source:Laura F. Spira Author: Michael In this paper we explore the use of disclosure as a regulatory tool, using as an illustration the current UK requirements regarding the disclosure of informationabout internal control. After discussing the broad concept of regulation by disclosure, we trace the evolution of concepts of internal control and its reporting, describing the background to the Turnbull guidance for directors on internal control reporting, the basis of current UK requirements. We then examine recent examples of internal control disclosures, identifying the range of ways in which they address the disclosure requirements and considering the possible impact of the disclosure requirements on corporate behaviour and on the audiences for disclosure. We conclude with some reflections on the disclosure life cycle. The paper contributes to the literature on disclosure by specifically considering the role of disclosure as a regulatory tool and by examining the nature of specific disclosures in an area of continuing interest, that of internal control.In his analysis of the development of the role of audit, Power observes that internal control has become increasingly important as part of a system of regulation which relies on making internal mechanisms visible through forms of self-validation and disclosure. Corporate governance requirements have frequently been couched in the form of codes of practice on the principle of ‘comply or explain’ rather than prescriptive legislation. The monitoring role of the board of directors, which forms the apex of the internal control system of an organisation, has been emphasised. The influence of particular interest groups has been important in the negotiation of these developments. Auditors, both internal and external, can claim expertise in internal control, advancing their organisational position in the case of internal auditors (Spira and Page 2003) and increasing the potential for sales of specialised services in the case of external auditors. Regulators and legislators have focused on internal control issues as a policy response to crises (Cunningham 2004).The use of internal control as a corporate governance device reflects a subtle but signifi cant change in its conception, moving from the original ‘‘supportive’’notion that internal control systems were an integral part of the structure of an organisation which enabled its goals to be achieved, to the more recent view of internal control as a s ubstantially ‘‘preventive’’ system, designed to minimise obstructions to goal achievement and carrying significantly greater expectations of the effectiveness of such systems. As Page and Spira (2004) note, companies have also increasingly taken ‘risk-base d’ approaches to internal control because of the increased pace of organisational change—control systems change too fast to be rigidly documented and companies may not even have full documentation relating to some of their IT based systems. For these reasons there has been an increase in ‘delegation’ of control downwards in the organisation and there is likely to be no central record of control systems.The emergence of risk-based approaches to internal control has resulted in a confluence of internal control and risk management to the point that an influentialpublication (Jones and Sutherland 1999) issued at the same time as the Turnbull guidance referred frequently to ‘‘internal control and risk management’’ as a single concept in providing practical assistance for boards in complying with the Turnbull disclosure requirements.The demonstration of ‘‘good’’ corporate governance is a challenge for boards of directors but describing structural mechanisms such as internal control processes may be one way of meeting demands for transparency. Thus, what was once an internal interest becomes a means of demonstrating regulatory compliance.Concerns about internal control in the US and the UK arose initially from a desire to establish the boundaries of external auditor responsibility. The difficulties of defining internal control are illustrated in the earliest US experience, as summarised in a lecture by Mautz (1980). He quotes the 1949 AICPA definition: Internal control comprises the plan of organization and all of the coordinate methods and measures adopted within a business to safeguard its assets, check the accuracy and reliability of its accounting data, promote operational efficiency, and encourage adherence to prescribed managerial policies.and describes the c oncern of firms’ legal counsel about the broadness of this definition. This concern led to a new definition issued in 1958 which split the four parts of the original definition between ‘‘accounting control’’ (safeguarding assets and checking reliability an d accuracy of accounting data) and ‘‘administrative control’’ (promotion of operational efficiency and encouragement of adherence to prescribed management policies) and defined auditors’ responsibility as reviewingaccounting controls only. A further narrowing took place in 1972 when the US auditing profession limited the two components of ‘‘accounting control’’ even more.Up to this point, the definition was really only of concern to companies and their auditors but the passing of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in 1977 changed this. The Act was passed in response to bribery scandals and for the first time envisaged the use of internal control as regulation. It was based on a narrow conception of internal control newly described as ‘‘internal accounting control’’. It also changed the focus of internal control: whereas the concerns of ‘‘accounting control’’ had been at low organisational levels and clerical procedures, the Act now shifted attention to controls at board level for the first time.Further concern about inadequacies in financial reporting led to a private sector initiative which established the Treadway Commission on Fraudulent Financial Reporting in 1987. Its recommendations included a call for a review of the varying concepts of internal control to develop a consistent approach. The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO 1992) subsequently produced an integrated framework for internal control in 1992, defining internal control as:A process … designed to provide reasonable assurance regar ding theachievement of objectives in the following categories:• Effectiveness and efficiency of operations.• Reliability of financial reporting.• Compliance with applicable laws and regulations (COSO 1992, p. 9) However, the Sarbanes Oxley legislation of 2002 introduced a further definition: ‘‘internal control over financial reporting’’3 which suggests that consistency has not yet been achieved and ambiguity still exists.In the UK, internal control first entered the corporate governance agenda when the Cadbury Committee, reporting in 1992 on the financial aspects of corporate governance, adopted the view that directors’ responsibilities with regard to internal control should be clarified. They recommended that directors should report on the effectiveness of internal control systems and that auditors should report on that statement but passed responsibility for implementing this to the accountancy profession.In 1994 the Rutteman working party defined internal control using the US definition of 1958 and also replaced the Cadbury recommendation that directors should report on the effectiveness of internal controls with the suggestion that they may wish to do so. In 1998 the Hampel review of the Cadbury Code weakened thisrecommendation even further but, for the first time, suggested that internal control and risk management were related.This link was built on by the internal control working party chaired by Nigel Turnbull which was charged with producing guidance for directors in interpreting the Code’s req uirements for reporting on internal control, finally grasping the nettle avoided by Cadbury, Rutteman and Hampel. Using a broad definition of internal control, the Turnbull guidance views it as a key component of risk management. In terms of the apparent satisfaction of disclosers and their audiences, the guidance consultation initiated by the Financial Reporting Council Turnbull Review Group in 2005. The guidance has also been widely adopted in the public sector.The study reported in this paper uses disclosures required by the Turnbull guidance to illustrate aspects of the use of disclosure as a regulatory tool. Having outlined the background to current concerns about internal control disclosure, the next section considers theories of disclosure.译文内部控制及其披露资料来源:施普格林作者:迈克尔本文选取英国当前对于内部控制信息披露的规定作为案例,探讨了披露这项监管工具的使用。
0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.1The quality system is documented,controlled, and maintained to clearly describe current practice.Documented procedures required.Records required.Quality manual and all QSprocedures show revision control (sign-offs & dates), history of changes, quality organization's responsibilities1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.2Quality reports, trend charts and data analysis identify areas of opportunity and are used bymanagement on a routine basis.Records required.Product quality yield data, top problems and corresponding improvement actions, status of preventive/corrective actions taken, internal audit results1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.3Quality performance targets are clearly defined, included in the business plan and monitored for improvements.Strategic and tactical objectives,goals, action plans, etc.1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.4Executive management participates in periodic quality system reviews that address quality related feedback from customers and internal quality metrics. Records required.Analysis of field failures,inspection yields, resource needs, internal audit results,corrective action status, etc.2.0 C O N T I N U O U S I M P R O V E M E N T2.1Preventive actions are taken based on the analysis of significant business trends, design reviews,customer satisfaction surveys or other meaningful inputs.Documented procedures required.Records required.Management review meetings,goal setting, performance measurement, internal audits,action plans, customer surveys2.0 C O N T I N U O U S I M P R O V E M E N T2.2A formal approach is used to actively pursue cost containment and other continual improvement activities throughout the organization. Documented procedures required. Records required.Employee involvement /recognition program, Lean, Six Sigma, kaizen, SPC, 5-S, cost reduction program, preventive actions0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)StatusS0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence AUDIT FINDINGS & OBSERVATIONSN o t A p p l i c a b l eN o t V e r i f i e dSupplier Self-Audit SCORE SupplierCA-PA Req'd?(Y / N)On-Site Audit SCORE After CAPA Verif. SCORECompletionDate (mm/dd/yy)Status0-Jan-00RequirementsTypical Objective Evidence 1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.1The quality system is documented,controlled, and maintained to clearly describe current practice.Documented procedures required.Records required.Quality manual and all QSprocedures show revision control (sign-offs & dates), history of changes, quality organization's responsibilities1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.2Quality reports, trend charts and data analysis identify areas of opportunity and are used bymanagement on a routine basis.Records required.Product quality yield data, top problems and corresponding improvement actions, status of preventive/corrective actions taken, internal audit results1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.3Quality performance targets are clearly defined, included in the business plan and monitored for improvements.Strategic and tactical objectives,goals, action plans, etc.1.0 Q U A L I T Y M A N A G E M E N T1.4Executive management participates in periodic quality system reviews that address quality related feedback from customers and internal quality metrics. Records required.Analysis of field failures,inspection yields, resource needs, internal audit results,corrective action status, etc.2.0 C O N T I N U O U S I M P R O V E M E N T2.1Preventive actions are taken based on the analysis of significant business trends, design reviews,customer satisfaction surveys or other meaningful inputs.Documented procedures required.Records required.Management review meetings,goal setting, performance measurement, internal audits,action plans, customer surveys2.0 C O N T I N U O U S I M P R O V E M E N T2.2A formal approach is used to actively pursue cost containment and other continual improvement activities throughout the organization. Documented procedures required. Records required.Employee involvement /recognition program, Lean, Six Sigma, kaizen, SPC, 5-S, cost reduction program, preventive actions0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence S0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence0-Jan-00Requirements Typical Objective Evidence。
英文回答:Risk points for individual work processes, including poor time management, inaccurate information and poormunication。
Inadequate time management may result in delays in thepletion of tasks and affect the conduct of the entire workflow。
Inaccuracies in information can lead to errors in decision—making or wrong assignments, posing risks to workflow processes。
Poormunication can lead to poor internal transmission of information within the team and a lack of smooth workflow。
In order to protect against these risk points,individuals should strictly adhere to leadership work arrangements to ensure that mandates arepleted on time。
The political sensitisation must be strengthened and party lines,guidelines and policies must be firmly implemented to ensure accurate access to and transmission of information。
食品抽检风险监测处置流程英文回答:Food Inspection Risk Monitoring and Handling Process.1. Risk Identification.Conduct hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) studies to identify potential food safety risks.Monitor data from various sources, such as foodborne illness surveillance, consumer complaints, and industry reports.Use predictive modeling techniques to assess the likelihood and severity of foodborne outbreaks.2. Risk Assessment.Evaluate the identified risks based on factors such asthe severity of the hazard, exposure levels, and potential impact on public health.Determine the need for further monitoring, control, or intervention measures.Establish risk tolerance levels and criteria for action.3. Risk Monitoring.Implement food inspection programs to monitor food establishments and products for compliance with food safety regulations.Conduct random or targeted inspections based on risk assessments and consumer complaints.Collect samples for microbiological, chemical, and sensory analysis.4. Risk Control.Issue citations or warnings for non-compliance with food safety regulations.Order food products to be recalled or withdrawn from the market if they pose an imminent threat to public health.Enforce corrective actions to eliminate or mitigate food safety risks.5. Risk Communication.Inform the public about foodborne illness outbreaksand potential risks associated with specific foods or establishments.Provide guidance on safe food handling practices.Respond to inquiries from consumers and industry stakeholders.6. Risk Review and Evaluation.Regularly review risk assessments and monitoring data to identify trends and emerging risks.Evaluate the effectiveness of control measures and make adjustments as needed.Conduct root cause analysis of foodborne outbreaks to identify systemic issues and prevent future occurrences.中文回答:食品抽检风险监测处置流程。
内部控制报告英文版Internal Control Report.Introduction.Internal control is a system of policies and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that an organization's objectives are being achieved. These objectives can be categorized into four main areas:Effectiveness and efficiency of operations.Reliability of financial reporting.Compliance with applicable laws and regulations.Safeguarding of assets.Internal controls are essential for any organization, regardless of its size or industry. They help to ensurethat the organization is operating in a manner that is consistent with its goals and objectives.Components of Internal Control.The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) has developed a framework for internal control that identifies five key components:Control environment.Risk assessment.Control activities.Information and communication.Monitoring.Control Environment.The control environment is the foundation for internalcontrol. It sets the tone for the organization and influences the way that employees behave. The control environment includes the following elements:Integrity and ethical values.Board of directors and audit committee.Management's philosophy and operating style.Organizational structure.Assignment of authority and responsibility.Risk Assessment.Risk assessment is the process of identifying and evaluating the risks that could prevent an organization from achieving its objectives. The risk assessment process includes the following steps:Identifying risks.Assessing the likelihood and impact of risks.Prioritizing risks.Developing risk response strategies.Control Activities.Control activities are the policies and procedures that are implemented to mitigate the risks that have been identified. Control activities can be classified into three types:Preventive controls.Detective controls.Corrective controls.Information and Communication.Information and communication are essential for effective internal control. The organization must have a system in place to collect, process, and communicate information about its activities. This system must be designed to ensure that the information is accurate, reliable, and timely.Monitoring.Monitoring is the process of evaluating the effectiveness of internal control. The monitoring process includes the following steps:Establishing monitoring procedures.Performing ongoing monitoring activities.Evaluating the results of monitoring activities.Taking corrective action as necessary.Importance of Internal Control.Internal control is essential for any organization, regardless of its size or industry. It helps to ensure that the organization is operating in a manner that isconsistent with its goals and objectives. Internal control also helps to protect the organization's assets, prevent fraud, and ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations.Conclusion.Internal control is a complex and ever-changing process. However, it is essential for any organization that wants to achieve its goals and objectives. By implementing a strong internal control system, organizations can help to ensure that they are operating in a manner that is consistent with their values and that they are protected from the risksthat they face.。
Report on OHS risk control program in Castle Peak Power(CPPS)Table of ContentsExecutive Summary (1)Overview (2)1. Blackground (3)2. Safety and health management (3)3. Records and records management (5)3.1 Responsibility (5)3.2 Control requirements (6)4. Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control plan (6)4.1 Recognition (7)4.2 identify the control flow (7)5 Risk Assessment (8)6. Conclusion (8)6.1 Steps of risk control (8)6.2 Risk Control Strategies (9)6.3 Ways of Risk Control (10)7. Problems and improvements (10)Reference (13)Executive SummaryBased on an example of OHS(Occupational Health and Safety)risk control of the overseas EPC environmental project.For example, It introduced the current OHS and Risk Management practices of the organization ,the ways of OHS issues are communicated and documented , and assess the frequency of hazard identification& risk/safety audits. Finally the characteristic and program of OHS risk control in CPBEC(Castle Peak B Emission Contro1)project were presented.Describing current OHS risk management of domestic environmental protection enterprises in the main problems and improvement measures.OverviewOccupational Health has a wide reaching application as it relates directly to factors in the workplace that may contribute to the ill health (physical and mental)in the workplace. (MSWW, 2010)-Some of the issues covered by occupational health include:-Occupational overuse syndrome-Lung diseases-Heat stress-Hygiene and sanitation-Infectious diseases-Poisoning from chemicals-Industrial deafness-Vibration and noise-PsychologicalOccupational safety involves protecting people from danger.This can include protection from:-Trips, slip and falls-Falls from heights-Strains and sprains-Being hit by falling objects-Electric shock-Unguarded machinery-Unsafe structures-Unsafe use of vehicles1. BlackgroundHong Kong Castle Peak Power (CPPS) is the largest power plant in Hong Kong, it is also the largest coal-fired power plant in the world. One of its Controlling shareholders, is the United States Mobil Oil (EXXONMOBIL) company. CPPS total generating capacity of 4,120 MW, by the 4 × 350MW power plant at Castle Peak A (CPA) and the 4 × 680 Castle Peak B Power Plant (CPB) composition. CPPS is located in T ap Shek Kok in Tuen Mun, covers an area of 62 hectares. Unit 4X680MW of emission control engineering in Hong Kong Castle Peak 'B' power plant (CPBEC) ,is the first of a limestone forced oxidation wet FGD overseas EPC projects, FGD system is the Hong Kong Castle Peak 'B' power plant coal-fired boiler renovation project. The project includes FGD process equipment (absorber, limestone preparation and gypsum dewatering process), limestone and gypsum material handling and storage systems, FGD wastewater treatment system and its auxiliary facilities, tanks, piping, electrical, process instrumentation, valves, pipe support and housing, the minimum design life of 15 years. The project consists of construction of Wuhan Kaidi Electric Power Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Overseas customers of the project occupational health and safety (OHS) of great concern to become a major feature of the project, which engaged in FGD equipment to the domestic export turnkey EPC presented a huge challenge to companies .2. Safety and health managementCPPS is committed to conducting business in a manner that protects and promotes the safety and health of our employees, those involved with our operations, and the communities where we work. These commitments are documented in our safety, health, and product safety policies and security expectations, which are implemented throughtheir Operations Integrity Management System(OIMS) framework. T o drive continuous improvement, OIMS is periodically updated. The latest revision, completed in 2009, includes strengthened expectations with respect to leadership, process safety, and assessments of OIMS effectiveness. As countries have varying standards for safety and health, our expectation is that we operate either to our own standards or those of the local country, whichever are most stringent.( SHM,2009)The OIMS Framework includes 11 Elements. Each Element contains an underlying principle and a set of Expectations. The OIMS Framework also includes the characteristics of, and processes for, evaluating and implementing OI Management Systems. Application of the OIMS Framework is required across all of CPPS, with particular emphasis on design, construction and operations. Management is responsible for ensuring that management systems satisfying the Framework are in place. The scope, priority and pace of management system implementation should be consistent with the risks associated with the business.element 1: management leadership, commitment and accountabilityelement 2: risk assessment and managementelement 3: facilities design and constructionelement 4: information/ documentationelement 5: personnel and trainingelement 6: operations and maintenanceelement 7: management of changeelement 8: third-party serviceselement 9: incident investigation and analysiselement 10: community awareness and emergency preparednesselement 11: operations integrity assessment and improvement ‘3. Records and records managementEstablish and maintain "records management procedures", the relevant functional departments should strictly control the health and safety and environmental management record timeliness, accuracy, authenticity and integrity, to confirm the safety and health and environmental actions are consistent with the requirements, system operating effectively .3.1 Responsibility3.1.1 Quality Assurance Department is responsible for developing and organizing the implementation of "records management program."3.1.2 All relevant departments make the department responsible for health and safety of the preparation of environmental management record forms, records, registration, identification, collection, cataloging, archiving, storage, custody and treatment.3.2 Control requirements3.2.1 All relevant departments in accordance with the provisions of the relevant program files, make a record immediately after the completion of the work.3.2.2 Record Applicants should write clearly and be complete, accurate, timely, not free to alter or falsify records.3.2.3 Environmental Management records need to correct the clerical error, the application of markings to the value of the original record and write accurate records, correct the record to be recognized by the signature.3.2.4 Safe keeping of records, filing records to determine the scope of the required time to the company's quality assurance department archives. Storage means (including hard copy or electronic media) should be identifiable, easy to access, to avoid damage, deterioration or loss.3.2.5 The period for record-keeping "records management procedures" provisions.3.2.6 Records to meet the ISO14001 standard 3.6, OHSAS18001 standards.4. Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control planCPBEC project's main hazards are: against objects, vehicle damage, mechanical injury, lifting hazards, radiation, electrocution, drowning, scalding, fire, high-altitude fall, collapse, slip (fall), and other damage.(HE, 2009)4.1 RecognitionFrom the work content (design, procurement, construction, etc.) and staff may be involved in both the workplace to identify hazards and the corresponding laws, regulations, development of HCP. Hazard identification should take into account factors related to the project, including working environment, layout, traffic routes, building structure, construction process, construction equipment, large equipment, special places, hazardous location, facilities, staff of the psychological and physiological factors , Ergonomics, illegal command / operations, in violation of labor discipline, luck and so on.Identification methods include: According to relevant laws, regulations and customer requirements for recognition; Design project by the design of systems or equipment used to identify HAZOP and HFE Act; procurement of professional equipment and transportation at the project identification process; construction professionals by projects segment, sub-project, one by one to identify and evaluate; project personnel to identify the place by activity.4.2 identify the control flowIdentify control processes include: identifying with the project-related laws, regulations and customer requirements; prepare and update the HCP; reasonable under the requirements of HCP evaluation; HCP identification and control of conduct supervision and inspection, suggest improvements.5 Risk AssessmentList of risk control based on control of planning, approval and implementation. In the list, risk assessment using LEC method, the formula is S = LEC, where £ is the possibility of an accident, E is the frequent exposure to hazardous levels, C for the consequences of the accident. S level of risk by risk-based values. The classification of risk is a rule of thumb to determine their range is not fixed. At different times, according to the specific conditions limit value for continuous improvement. Requirements. s score of 1-500. (T able 1)T able l OHS risk control program in the criteria for the classification of the scores6. Conclusion6.1 Steps of risk control(1) identify the business activities. Business activities include: staff, setting equipment, work activities, workplace and environment.2) the preparation of hazard control plan (HCP). Projects should be some activities, products or services, the impact of occupational health risk Basis for identifying the business activities and all sources of danger, considering who would be hurt and how to hurt.(3) the preparation of risk evaluation and control list (ORCL).(4) determine the level of risk, if necessary, by level of risk provisions colors are identified in order to facilitate risk control and management.(5) the preparation and implementation of OHS management plan (OMP).(6) the implementation of operational control, review plans, and programs have a list effectiveness and continuous improvement.6.2 Risk Control StrategiesRisk control strategy should first consider the elimination of risk (if possible), then consider reducing the risk, and finally consider the specific use of protective equipment and supplies. Risk control strategy in T able 2 (the table was named 1,2,3,4 Hazard risk level are important risk factors.) (HE, 2009)T able 2 OHS risk control strategy2 Budgeting the cost of reducing6.3 Ways of Risk Control(1) Operational control. All the risks, should be "operational control process order "requirements management.(2) Using OMP control. For three or more wind insurance, should be developed to control OMP.(3) The emergency control. The risk for potential emergency situations, should be press "control procedures for emergency preparedness and response" requirements to develop emergency preparedness prepare and respond to control measures required to manage.(4) Risk control process.7. Problems and improvementsSince the contract price and the management system, and many other reasons, our OHS risk in environmental management of the project with foreign advanced enterprises. There is a big gap compared, mainly reflected in the following areas: (HE,2009)(1) OHS risk control staff input and the quality of personnel is not enough. As the market price of gas emissions project seriously low, and countries do not have the number and qualifications on the OHS staff mandatory requirements, the amount of compensation after the casualties occurred relatively low, resulting in the contractor do not want to invest a lot of OHS management. In addition, ask to OHS management staff working language is English, not allowed to use translation, which is the domestic environmental protection enterprises is a huge challenge.(2) Coverage of OHS risk control is not enough. T o reduce management costs, in the hazard identification and risk control, domestic enterprises of the construction stage to take more, and the design and procurement stage to take less, considering only the employees in the workplace risk involved, do not take into account products, activities and services during hazard.(3) OHS training inadequate. Although the country will also establish a three-tier training system, but the coverage of training, depth and effectiveness can not meet the requirements.(4) OHS risk control and management are not standardized. For all types of hazards, overseas customers have developed detailed regulations and documents, and strict enforcement, and domestic management is not in place.(5) OHS incident reporting and investigation system is imperfect. Construction of environmental protection projects in the country, if not for the accident, the contractor for some few small incidents reported to the owners.In short, the domestic environmental protection enterprises in overseas EPC projects of environmental protection in the OHS risk control and overseas customers in the management philosophy and management system, there is a gap. T o reduce that gap, we must improve our level of environmental protection projects in the constructionequipment operating efficiency and environmental protection, on the one hand, the state industry department for environmental projects should be managed to develop a detailed standardized OHS management documents, and items at the market price constraints to ensure that the owners put in OHS management. On the other hand, China's environmental protection enterprises should be updated management concept, the establishment of enterprises with international advanced standards of the OHS management system, develop a project for the international environmental OHS management team.Reference(2010)Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment control procedures CSCEC/HS-E/B25-01Procedures for identification and evaluation of environmental factors CSCEC/HS-E/B25-02He ZhaoZhu (2009) Brief introduction of OHS risk control program in Castle Peak B 4 X 680 MW emission control projectMonitor a Safe Workplace Workbook (2010) BSBOHS401A Monitor a Safe Workplace Notes and Workbook- Occupational Health and SafetySafety and Health Management(2009) Reviewed at 13 December,2010 /Corporate/community_safety_mgmt.aspx。