语法专题 名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)
1.概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
2. 种类
1) 主语从句: 主语从句 + 谓语动词+ 其他
2) 表语从句: 主语 + 系动词+ 表语从句
3) 宾语从句: 及物动词 /介词+ 宾语从句
4) 同位语从句: 名词 /代词+ 同位语从句 3.
名从引导词分类及作用:
名词性从句的引导词
作用 连接词
that, whether/if （是否） 不作成分只起连接作用 连接代词
what(ever) ，who(ever)， whom(ever) ， which(ever) whose 作主、宾、表、 定语 连接副词 when(ever), where(ver), why, how, 作状语
缺主/宾/表/ 定补代词what(ever)
who(ever) whom(ever) which(ever) whose
只缺“是否”意思
补whether ，if 什么都不缺
that 补副词when(ever),
where(ver), why, how 解题方法：
2 、分析从句句子成分,缺什么，补什么
1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句
3、确定词性后,再根据句子意思选择引导词。
缺状语
例句展示
◆That they will win the game is certain. →It is certain that they will win the game.
◆Whether the task can be finished on time is still unknown.
→It is still unknown whether the task can be finished on time.
◆Why he didn’t come here is not clear to anyone.
→It is not clear to anyone why he didn’t come here.
◆Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
◆What he said at the meeting is important.
例句展示
★Can you tell me when and how I can get to the city?
★I don’t understand what he means.
★I am not sure whether he would help me.
★He said that he had visited his former English teacher several times.
例句展示
◆It is still a question whether the bridge can be completed next month.
◆When she heard the news that the earthquake happened in her hometown, she lost consciousness.
◆They have no idea whether they should go on with the search.
◆The question who can go to the meeting hasn’t been decided.
名从考点：
1. what和that
_____he can’t finish the work on time is ____makes us worry. (KEY:That，what) 注：what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
that只起连接作用, 在从句中不作任何成分。
2. 名词性从句中的谓语语气问题
1) I advise that he ____________ (stay) and wait here．
2) It is advised that we __________ (hold) another meeting to discuss the question.
3) My advice is that the injured man ________ (send) to hospital at once．
KEY 1) (should) stay 2) (should) hold 3) (should) be sent
注：表“建议、命令、要求、安排”等词其后的名词性从句要用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形。此类词有：advise/suggest/propose/ recommend/insist/order/command/demand / require/ request等等。
3. that的省略与保留
1) _______ they would take the risk is clear.
2) The reason is ______ he is careless.
3) I don’t think _______ she is coming.
4) We all knew ______ he got the first prize and ______ he was very excited.
5).We must make it clear ______ we mean what we say.
KEY 1)That 2)that 3) (that) 4) (that), that 5)that
注：可省：单个的宾语从句中
不可省：主从，表从中；并列宾语从句中, 第2个宾语从句中的that不省；
在it作形式主/宾语的句型中。
4. which, what
1) I can’t imagine _______ made him act like that.
2) ______ he wants is a book.
3) I read about it in this book or that book, I can’t remember ______ it was.
4) Would you mind telling me ______ language your friend speaks, English or French?
KEY 1) what 2) What 3) which 4) which
注：what 什么, 泛指；which哪个, 一般有选择范围。
EX1 语法填空
1. The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
2. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
3. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
4. News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
5. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
6. was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
7. When asked they loved most, 90% of the kids turned it to their parents.
8. The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother.
EX2 完成句子
1. 大家都公认，树木对于环保是很必要的。(It is universally acknowledged that...)
are indispensable to __________________ 2. 据报道，洪水让两千多人无家可归。(It is reported that..., leave...homeless)
_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 十分之九的父母都说他们教育孩子的方式与他们自己的父母比起来有很大的差异。(there were significant differences in their approach to sth., compared with)
4. 他昨天上学迟到，因为遇上了交通堵塞。(the reason why ... is that ..., be stuck in)
5. 唯一奇怪的是各州都对这个消息充耳不闻。(the only wonder is that ..., close one’s ears to sth.)
_____________________________________________________________________
EX3 翻译句子
1. 很明显，学生应该为自己的将来作好准备。(主语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 想要待在宾馆里的人自己买单。(主语从句，pay one’s own way)
_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 他每天读英语，难怪英语学得这么好。(主语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________ 4. 在那个贫穷的小村庄的所见所闻给我们留下了深刻的印象。(主语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 作为他最好的朋友，我确信他会准时到的。(宾语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
6. 他自己对他在这篇文章中写的东西不满意。(宾语从句)
7. 我无法想象他是如何解出这道难题的。(宾语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________ 8. 最后一次我们玩得很开心是在参观海洋公园的时候。(表语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________ 9. 我想问的问题是你是否能给我一点关于如何与人交流的建议。(表语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
10. 这就是前天我救那个女孩的地方。(表语从句)
11. 这个MP3就是我昨天下午在这家超市买的东西。(表语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
12. 为什么你不兑现给福利院的孩子们买礼物的承诺？(同位语从句)
13. 今天下午我们将讨论下周是否举行一个晚会的问题。(同位语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
14. 广州传来消息，后天将举行盛大的2010亚运会盛大庆祝活动。(同位语从句)
15. 我对他准备退学的想法感到很惊讶。(同位语从句)
_____________________________________________________________________
名词性从句答案
EX1 1. that 2.whoever 3.whatever 4.that 5.which 6.What 7.whom 8.where EX2 1. It is universally acknowledged that trees; environmental protection.
2. It’s reported that the flood left more than 2, 000 people homeless.
3. Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with that of their parents.
4. The reason why he was late for school yesterday was that he was stuck in the heavy traffic.
5. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the news.
EX3 1.It is obvious of the students that they should get well prepared for their future.
2. Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
3. He reads English every day, and it is no wonder that he learns it so well.
4. What we saw and heard in that poor village impressed us deeply.
5. As his best friend, I am sure that he will come on time.
6. He himself is not satisfied with what he wrote in this article.
7. I can’t imagine how he worked out this question.
8. The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the Ocean Park.
9. My question is whether you can give me some advice on how to communicate with others.
10. This is where I saved the girl the day before yesterday.
11. This MP3 is what I bought in this supermarket yesterday afternoon.
12. Why didn’t you carry out your promise that you would buy gifts for the children in Welfare Home?
13. This afternoon we will discuss the problem whether we will hold a party next week.
14. Word comes from Guangzhou that a great celebration will be held in honor of the 2010 Asian Games the day after tomorrow.
15. I was very surprised at his thought that he would drop out of the school.
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以下是一些基本的从句知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例：The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 格先行词主格宾格所有格 人who whom whose 物which which whose 、of which 人、物that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和whose的用法 1）who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。2）whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式 英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） 3）whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad.
what引导名词性从句的五种用法 一、用法归纳 1. 表示“……的东西或事情”： They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。 2. 表示“……的人或的样子”： He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？ 3. 表示“……的数量或数目”： Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。 4. 表示“……的时间”： After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。 5. 表示“……的地方”： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 二、用法说明 (1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词： 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 正：You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you like. 误：You can have everything what you like. (2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词： I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。 He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。 (3) What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词： 误：I gave him what book I had.
宾语从句基本讲解与练习 宾语从句小口诀 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； if/whether,引，一般疑问句陈述句转that 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、概念宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起到二、连接词 在从句中不。that在非正式场合that可以省略)1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that ( 充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。没有人告诉杰克第二天有班No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day. 会。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn't pass the exam. 小汤姆担心这次考试不及格。say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, 从句做宾语的动词有：that1】可跟【拓展等。agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定expect think, believe, suppose, 【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是
时，常把否定转移至主句表示。我认为他不会在会上发言的。I don't think (that) he can give a speech at the meeting.so等后，可用等动词以及I'm afraid 【拓展3】在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 代替一个否定的宾语从句。代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not eg: --- Do you believe he will come? 你相信他会来吗？ --- I believe so. 我相信会。 我相信不会。I don't believe so. (或I believe not.) --- 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语引导的宾语从句, whether或if 2. 以。或whetherif在从句中不充当任何成分，意为“是否”从句，从句是陈述句语序。He asked me if he might use my knife. →He asked me. ？eg: “May I use your knife” 】从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人1【注意1 称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。 eg: “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me whether I know her telephone number. 【注意2】：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 ①当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if。 eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. 我们在讨论是否去野餐。 ②引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether。 eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 请让我知道是否开展下一步行
大学英语语法专题练习 从句练习 1.Ihopealltheprecautionsagainstairpollution,_____suggestedbylocalgovernment, willbeseriouslyconsidered here. A)whileB)sinceC)afterD)as 2. The problem of ________ to select as his successor was quickly disposed of. A)whatB) whomC)whichD)how 3.____youropinionsareworthconsidering,thecommitteefindsitunwisetoplacetoo muchimportanceonthem. A )As B )Since C)ProvidedD) While 4. This is an ideal site for a university _______ it is far from the downtown area. A)provided thatB)so thatC)now thatD)in that 5. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _______ to suspend your tent. A)thereB)them C)whichD)where 6. _______quite recently, most mothers in Britain didn“t take paid w ork outside the home. A) BeforeB) UntilC)FromD)Since 7. ___________I admit that there are problems, I don“t think that theycannot be solved. A)UnlessB)Until
从句 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类: 即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。 引导从句的词称作关联句. 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示]
1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
25. I know nothing about her but _____________ she is from Canada. 名词性从句语法填空26. It depends on _____________ we have enough time. ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 1. _________ we'27. __________ he doesn't like them is very clear. 2. I remember ____________ this used to be a quiet village. 28. ___________ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. generally considered unwise to give a child ____________ he or she wants. 3. It's29. Can you tell me ____________I can get to the railway station? 4. ___________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 30. They want to know ____________ they can do to help us. s __________ you left it. 5. Go and get your coat. It'31. These photographs will show you ______________our village looks like. t get seems better than ___________ we have. ' 6. __________ we can32. Can you make sure ____________Alice has put the gold ring? 7. It worried her a bit __________ her hair was turning gray. 33. George knew__________ he could get his best, but he did not have enough time to study. 8. ----Do you remember ____________ he came? 34. _____________ he is a rich man is known to all in the city. ----Yes, I do. He came by air. 35. The reason why he has been such a success is ____________ he never gives up. 9. You may do ______________ you take interest in. 36. Sophia said _____________ Alice would like to marry a tall man. 10. The old gentleman never fails to help ____________ is in need of his help. 37. Difficulty lies in the fact ____________ we have no money. 11. You can depend on ______________ promise he makes. 38. I don't think the question of ____________ they are old or young is important. 12. _____________ we should work out a plan to deal with it is important. 39. __________ the 2016 Olympic Games will be held in the city is not known yet. 13. ____________ discovered America is well known. 40. __________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. 14. _____________you really need is a good meal and a good rest. 41.__________ you may do, you must do it well. 15. _____________we shall finish the work before May Day is possible. 42. The fact __________ he was successful proves his ability. 16. Can you tell me ________________that woman is? 43. A man's worth lies not so much in __________ he has as in __________ he is. 17. The fact _____________ she works hard is well known to us all. 44. ____________ may say so, it is a lie. 18. The mountain is no longer ____________ it used to be. 45. The question he asked was _________ the electrical equipment should be stored. 19. Jack said ____________ he is pleased to meet the American friends. 46. ___________ the earth goes round the sun is known to all. 20. Lei Feng was always
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
重点高中英语语法之名词性从句
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3 高中英语语法之名词性从句 第一节 基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句？】 上一章，我们了解的是定语从句，加上我们以前了解的宾语从句和状语从句，好像“名词性从句”这个概念本身就和我们所熟知的概念不是一路货色。没错。请看下表： 根据从句在句子中的功能分 根据从句的性质分 定语从句 形容词性从句 主语从句 名词性从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 状语从句 副词性从句 只是，在平时老师讲课时，形容词性从句和副词性从句并没有形成气候罢了。相比之下，名词性从句由于“家丁兴旺”而大行其道。但是，作为学生，我们有必要了解这些基本概念的来龙去脉。 【主语从句】 顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it 代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如： We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】
初中英语语法：宾语从句 考察的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。 3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。（who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序） 4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有 that（that在口语中常省略）。 whether，if，和连接代词what，which， who， whom及连接副词when， where， how， why。 He knew（that） he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in？ 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗？ He asked me if he could come in， 他问我他是否能进来。 5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：一般那情况下能够省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned. 注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都能够省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. （and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。） 2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. （that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。） 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。） 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 （2）从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.
初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。 spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich. fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music. David at school today ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold. , won't have supper ______my mother comes back. to him slowly ______he may understand you better. 6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself. is four years ______I had left that small village. 8. ______the air moves, it is called wind. will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow. boys did ______much work. are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it. ? back ______you come from. reached the station ______the train had left. you have a swimming pool ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours. me your paper ______you have finished it. is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home. 17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam. after the children ______I am out. ' village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot. is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it. 能力提高练习 1 ( ) 1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until ( ) 3 I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday. A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to ( ) 5 He ___ back until the work ___ done. A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is ( ) 6 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 ( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to ( ) 2 I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 3 ( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "' ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train ___. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left
名词性从句练习(一) 1.The fact ____she works hard is well known to us all. a. that b. what c. why d. which 2.It is very clear ____he doesn’t like his father. a. what b. that c. which d. where 3.The fire destroyed ____was in the building . a. all b. what c. that d. which 4.___ will go there is still unknown. a. What b. Who c. That d. which 5.____people will join us is not very important. a. How much b. That c. How many d. Many 6.____he is coming or not makes no difference. a. Why b. Whether c. If d. That 7. ____Jill was worried seemed obvious to everyone at the party last night. a. What b. That c. Whether d. Who 8.We need to think about ____we should say to callers who ring up the company. A. that b. what c. how d. why 9.I can’t imagine ____you can sew these pieces of cloth together without a needle and a thread. a. when b. how c. that d. where 10.____they are going to lay pipes matters a great deal. a. When b. Where c. That d. How 11.Please give the book to _____wins the prize. a. who b. whom c. whoever d. whomever 12.___are the inventions in common is ____they have succeeded. a. What; what b. That; that c. What; that d. That; what 13.____different life is today from _____it used to be twenty years . a. How ; what b. What; what c. How; that d. What; that 14.____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. a. What b. That c. The fact d. The matter 15.--- Does Helen live on this street? ----No, this is ____Mary lives. a. which b. where c. when d. what 16.___is worth doing at all is worth doing well. a. Whatever b. Which c. How d. That 17.I believe _____you’ve done your best and _____things will improve. a. that; / b. /; that c. that ; which d. if ; that 18.We had to decide ____sewing machine we should use, hers or mine. a. whose b. what c. which d. that 19.___ the company will buy her a mobile phone has not been decided. a. Whether b. If c. That d. What 20.The fact ____we lack enough phones needs to be considered. a. why b. that c. how d. what 21.Then Mr. Smith told me ____he was doing was very important. a. that b. why c. what that d. why what 22.Would you mind telling me ____language your friend speaks? a. which b. what c. how d. that 23.She is no longer ____she used to be ten years ago. a. when b. that c. which d. what 24.No one can be sure _____in a million years. a. what man will look like b. what will man look like c. man will look like what d. what look will man like 25.The reason he has been such a success is ____he never gives up. a. that b. because c. why d. what 26.I still don’ t think _____is very nice of her to talk about others. a. that b. the fact that c. which d. it 27.____ he is always studying hard is well known ____us all.