Part II Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this part there are 4 passages. Each passage is followed by five questions. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
After-sales service and guarantee become an integral and essential part of a “good brand”on both local and regional levels, and the provision of such also produces solid ground for customer loyalty.
Customers today are a lot more demanding than before. Being able to find after-sales service creates a feeling of convenience and a sense of responsibility from the manufacturer. This is very important to build customer loyalty and explains why more 24-hour hotline centers are available nowadays.
Product guarantee is also one of the major factors when a potential customer decides to make a purchase. Whether this be in the form of a written guarantee or a guarantee based on reputation, the importance to the consumer is self-evident. A brand’s research & development, an unavoidable investment, usually back up safety guarantees for marketers nowadays. Product testing and refinement are conducted for both new and existing products. With the help of computerized machinery, quality
control has achieved the highest level than ever before to enable consistency in production. For the consumer this means a quality of guarantee for that brand whether it be available at home or abroad.
21. After-sales service and guarantee can provide the customers with
________.
A. solid ground for loyalty
B. sense of responsibility
C. a feeling of convenience
D. sense of satisfaction
22. More 24-hour hotline centers appear because ________.
A. more and more customers demand after-sales services
B. there are more and more complaints from customers
C. more companies come to realize the importance of after-sales
services.
D. they have become a new type of investment
23. Product guarantee ________.
A. must be in written form
B. can be based on the company’s reputation
C. is not often provided by the companies
D. often fails to meet in reality
24. Product testing and refinement are conducted for ________.
A. new products only
B. quality products
C. dangerous products
D. both new and existing
products
25. Which is NOT mentioned concerning product guarantee?
A. A brand’s research & development.
B. Product testing and
refinement.
C. Quality control.
D. Product distribution. Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything which goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant waste would provide energy if nothing else.
The latest project is to take a city around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metals such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.
Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and rollers will break up everything that
can be broken. Finally, the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.
The first full-scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.
26. The latest project mentioned in paragraph two is meant to find out
________.
A. what useful materials are being wasted
B. how much of the rubbish can be reused
C. how to recycle paper and rubber as well
D. what kind of metal a plant can provide
27. What is NOT mentioned as a part of the recycling process described in paragraph three?
A. Breaking what is breakable.
B. Separating light elements
from heavy ones
C. Sorting out small pieces of metal.
D. Sharpening metal bars.
28. What’s the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling
plants?
A. To deal with waste in a better way.
B. To protect the environment from pollution.
C. To get cheap raw materials.
D. To make big profits from those plants.
29. The first full-scale big recycling plants ________.
A. have been in operation for fifteen years
B. were under construction fifteen year ago
C. will probably be in operation within fifteen years
D. will take less than fifteen years to build
30. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. a cheap method to get energy
B. the location of recycling plants
C. a good way of recycling waste
D. the protection of city environment
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
In Western countries people have been using the installment plan since the first half of the twentieth century. Today, a large number of families in Great Britain buy furniture, household goods and cars by installments. In the U.S., the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their income on the installment plan.
The price of an article bought on installments is always higher than the price that would be paid by cash. There is a charge for interest. The buyer pays one quarter or one third of the price as a down payment when
the goods are delivered to him. He then makes regular payments, weekly or monthly, until the full price is paid up. The legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made.
Installment buying has advantages and disadvantages. It can help couples with small incomes to furnish their homes and start housekeeping. It increases the demand for goods, and in this way helps business and employment. There is, however, the danger that when business is bad, installment buying may end suddenly, making business much worse. This may result in a great increase in unemployment. If the people on the installment plan lose their jobs, they will probably not be able to make their payments. If great numbers of people are not able to pay their installment debts there is a possibility that businessmen cannot collect their debts and will therefore lose money. If businessmen lose money or fail to make a satisfactory profit, it becomes more likely to have a depression. This is why, in some countries, the government controls the installment plan by fixing the amount of the down payment and each of the following installments to discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan.
31. Which of the following is NOT true about the installment plan?
A. A lot of British families use the installment plan.
B. More than 10 percent American families buy things on
installments.
C. Americans depend more on installment than British people do.
D. Americans spend one tenth of their income on installment buying.
32. Goods bought on installments are more expensive than goods bought
by cash because ________.
A. the buyer has to pay extra money as interest
B. the delivery of the goods charges extra money
C. the buyer has to pay a down payment
D. the service offered by installment plan charged extra money
33. What will happen to a buyer if he fails to make the full payment for
an item bought on installments?
A. He might lose his job.
B. He will stop owning the item he has bought.
C. He will have to sell what he has bought.
D. He will go into debt.
34. The advantage of installment buying might include all the following
EXCEPT that ________.
A. purchasing power is strengthened
B. employment might be increased
C. people develop a good habit of saving money
D. young couples are able to furnish their homes
35. In some countries, the governments control the installment plan to
________.
A. increase employment
B. avoid depressions
C. ensure that businesses make good profits
D. ensure that people can pay for what hey buy
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children's school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers.
I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated (训令的) state test.
Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills，teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a commercially available test. Then one distills (去除) the skills needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.
The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor
writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test obsessed (被着魔的) rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.
Recently many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read.These students are competent at test taking and filling in workbooks and ditto (复制品) masters. However they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can't see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.
36. The author gives an account of Erica's performance in her study in order to _____.
A) illustrate her cleverness in test-taking
B) reveal the incompetence of teachers
C) show there is something wrong with current practice in teaching
D) demonstrate the best way to read textbooks
37. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A) The phenomenon of teaching to the test has aroused curiosity in
many educators.
B) Skills in general are not only useless but often lead students astray [迷路的,犯错误].
C) Ability to read and write is one thing, and ability to do well on
standardized tests is quite another.
D) Preparation for a test of a skill does not necessarily mean the acquisition of that skill.
38. The author insists that _____.
A) mandated state tests be replaced by some more sensible methods of assessment
B) teachers pay more attention to the nature and quality of what is taught
C) students not be concerned with grades but do more reading and thinking
D) radical changes be brought about in the general approach to teaching
39. We can safely conclude that _____ may cause educational problems.
A) test obsession C) test-taking
B) standardized tests D) preparation for mandated state tests
40. By "crisis of comprehension" the author means many students _____.
A) are too much concerned with grades
B) fail to understand the real goal of education
C) lack proper practice in phonic and grammar drills
D) are unable to understand what they read, though they do reasonably well on standardized tests
Part V. Writing
Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
On College Students and Mobile Phone.You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
1.大学生使用手机增多及原因；
2.由此所带来的问题；
3.你自己的观点
On College Students and Mobile Phone
答案
Part II Reading (40 points 2 points each)
21-25acbdd 26-30 bdacc 31-35 babcd 36-40 cdbad
高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（29） 阅读理解 When did you last visit a shopping mall? In many places, the answer would be"last weekend．" Some people go even more often．Why? Malls offer goods andservices all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, evenmedical services．So, are they one of the highlights of modern civilization?Environmental activists would say no and would go even further, arguing thatconsumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster．They cause consumers' ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl （扩大）． Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape alot．Before 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work ortook public transportation．Only very wealthy people had automobiles．Farmers livedin rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed thingsthey couldn't produce themselves．If you stared at the landscape you would see townssurrounded by the countryside． Now automobiles become affordable and people are quick to make use of them．Ambitious workers could live in suburbs, just outside cities, which have started togrow rapidly．As long as there is lots of cheap land there, no one pays much attentionto the usage of that land．Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and such spread out inlarge, flat buildings．These one-storey buildings and their parking lot take up too muchspace．Many farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing crops．Noone has realized once the land is built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land willbe ruined forever．There is no way to preserve （保护） it．Only in recent years have people come to miss the old way of life as they havelooked into the problems of unconditional growth．Now people realize that urbansprawl has come with serious environmental problems．The bad effects that sprawlbrings about include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, andso on．Many scholars think it's time to analyze the problems better so we can developproper policies to control further sprawl．Some think the best way to do is to educatecitizens．
小学语文阅读理解专项练习题 1、种辣椒 常识课上，老师对植物的讲解，把我带到植物世界里。听完课，我动了心，决心种点什么，仔细观察它的生长过程。 回到家，我找到了两个花盆，满心欢喜地种下了辣椒籽。下种后，我每天都要给它浇些水，盼望种子早些发芽。一天中午，弟弟告诉我花盆里出小苗了，我飞一样地跑到窗台前，只见一棵小嫩芽拱出土，又过了两天，好几棵小芽出来了。小芽越来越多，我给小辣椒间苗，把太密的小苗小心翼翼地拔掉了一些。 到了盛夏，每株辣椒已有半尺多高了，它们的茎上都缀满了欲放的花苞，几天后，一朵朵雪白的小花，先后开放了。大约又过了四五天，辣椒就开始结果了，出现了青绿的椭圆形的小辣椒，一个个缀在茎上，真惹人喜爱。 秋风吹进窗来，带进一股香气，辣椒开始由青变红，看上去更让人喜爱。一个个两寸多长的小辣椒挂在枝头对我微笑，感谢我对它们的辛勤培育。收获的时节到了，我满怀欣喜地把成熟的辣椒一个一个摘下，竟收了小半筐。 我看着筐里的辣椒，心想：这多有意思呀！知识来源于实践，而实践又必须付出辛勤的劳动，这难道不是真理吗？ 1．找出文章中点明中心的句子，在下面画横线。 2．把文章分成三段，在段尾用“‖”表示，并写出段意。 3．读下面句子，在括号里写出各运用了什么修辞手法。 ①小辣椒挂在枝头对我微笑，感谢我对它们的辛勤培育。（） ②我飞一样地跑到窗台前。（） 2、蒙蒙的小雨 蒙蒙的小雨正落着，陈红骑着自行车悠然于柏油路上。她没有穿雨衣，因为她觉得在这样细雨中骑车很浪漫。她望着路两边来去匆匆的行人，心想：这些人真是的，干嘛要东躲西藏的。 忽然迎面一辆的士飞驰而来她猛地拐向路边但车把挂在树干上她摔倒了小妹妹没事吧一个小伙子站在她身边问道陈红白了他一眼，没有理他。心想：谁是你的小妹妹？她一翻身想站起来，可左腿的剧痛却使她不得不重新坐在地上，她接连两次试图站起来，都没成功。最后，只好放弃了努力。小伙子一笑，“别逞强了，还是送你上医院吧。”接着，拉起陈红的车子，又扶陈红坐到车架上，推起车子向医院走去。温柔如丝的春雨淅淅沥沥地落着。陈红已不再潇洒，只感到沉重。她坐在车上，望着前面推车的小伙子，不知该说些什么。 她发现小伙子走路不太自然，仔细观察，只见小伙子左腿的袜端与裤腿之间不时地露出一段刺目的棕色。那是什么？啊，他装着一只假腿。陈红想问问他的腿，却不愿张嘴。这时，只听到小伙子自言自语地说：“三年前，我也喜欢在细雨中骑车，那的确很潇洒，可是我却重重地跌倒了，像你一样。不，还不如你。”“噢，你的左腿——？”停了一会儿，小伙子说：“就在那次跌倒时被后面的汽车轧断了。”听了这话，陈红陷入了沉思?? 医院到了，小伙子搀着陈红进了急诊室。“我去通知你父母，你知道他们的电话吗？”陈红把号码告诉了他。不一会儿，陈红的父母风风火火地赶来了。见到女儿腿上雪白的绷带，忙问这问那。陈红把经过告诉了他们，又说，“要不是那位大哥哥，我真不知该怎么办好，哎，他呢？”这时，只听护土小姐说：“那个小伙子，看见你爸妈来后，他就离开医院了。”陈红怔住了：“我还不知他叫什么呢！” 父亲背起陈红，母亲在旁边扶着，一家人走出医院的时候，他们多么希望在人流中再次寻到那小伙子的身影。 1．给第二自然段中没有标点的地方加上标点。 2．联系上下文解释加粗词的意思。
记叙文 记叙文的特点就是以记叙为主要表达方式，综合其他表达方式；以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容；通过描述人物、时间及状物、写景来表达一定的中心。 记叙文是指记人、叙事、写景、状物等类的文章。古代的记、传、序、表、志等，现代的消息、通讯、简报、特写、传记、回忆录、游记等，都属于记叙文的范畴。 写作记叙文要做到一下几点： 第一，要交代明白。无论记人记事，还是写景状物，一般都要交代明白时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果，否则文章就不完整。 第二，线索清楚。虽然观察的角度、记述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都应当有一条绾联材料、统贯全篇的中心线索，否则文章就会松散。 第三，人称要一致。无论用第一人称“我”记述，还是用第三人称“他”记述，都要通篇一贯，一般不宜随意转换，否则就容易造成混乱。 记叙文以记叙为主，但往往也间有描写、抒情和议论，不可能有截然的划分。它是一种形式灵活、写法尽可能多样的文体。 记叙文,是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。 说明文 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。 说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词、科学小品等。 说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能，解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变等。 文艺性说明文是通过文艺的形式介绍科学知识的说明文。 说明文的特点是“说”，而且具有一定的知识性。这种知识，或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察的所得，都具有严格的科学性。为了要把事物说明白，就必须把握事物的特征，进而揭示出事物的本质属性，即不仅要说明“是什么”，还要说明“为什么”是这样。应用性说明文一般只要求说明事物的特征，阐述性说明文则必须揭示出问题的本源和实质。 说明文是客观地说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识：或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，或阐明事理。《中国石拱桥》属于前者，它以赵州桥和卢沟桥为例说明中国石拱桥“不但形式优美，而且结构坚固”的特征。《大自然的语言》属于后者，文章科学地说明了物候学知识。说明事物特点和阐明事理是说明文的两种类型。 议论文 议论文是对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。 论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义，恰当地综合运用各种表达方式；论据基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。 写议论文要考虑论点，考虑用什么作论据来证明它，怎样来论证，然后得出结论。它可以是先提出一个总论点，然后分别进行论述，分析各个分论点，最后得出结论；也可以先引述一个故事，一段对话，或描写一个场面，再一层一层地从事实分析出道理，归纳引申出一个新的结论。这种写法叫总分式，是中学生经常采用的一种作文方式。也可以在文章开头先提出一个人们关心的疑问，然后一一
中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练试题(有答案和解析) 一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练 1．现代文阅读，完成下列各题。 种爱 丁丽梅 ①认识陈家老四，缘于我婆婆。婆婆来我家小住，我下班回家，陈家老四正站在我家院门口，跟婆婆热络地说着话。 ②陈家老四是家里最小的孩子，父亲过世早，上有两个哥哥，一个姐姐，都已另立门户。他们与他感情一般，与母亲感情也一般，平常不怎么往来。只他和寡母，守着祖上传下的三间平房度日。 ③他没正式工作，蹬着辆破三轮，上街帮人拉货。婆婆怕跑菜市场，有时会托他带一点蔬菜回来。他每次都会准时送过来，看得出，那些蔬菜，已被他重新打理过，整整齐齐干干净净的。婆婆削个水果给他吃，他推托一会，接下水果，憨憨地笑。路上再遇到我，他没头没脑说一句，你婆婆是个好人。 ④他却得了绝症，肝癌。穷，医院是去不得的，只在家里吃点药，等死。精气神儿好的时候，他会撑着出来走走，身旁跟着他的白发老母亲。小区的人，远远望见他，都避开走，生怕他传染了什么。他坐在我家的小院子里，苦笑着说，我这病，不传染的。我们点头说，是的，不传染的。他得到安慰似的，长舒一口气，眼睛里，蒙上一层水雾，感激地冲我们笑。 ⑤一天，他跑来跟我婆婆说，阿姨，我怕是快死了，我的肝上积了很多水。 ⑥我婆婆说，别瞎说，你还小呢，有得活呢。 ⑦他笑了，说，阿姨，你别骗我，我知道我活不长的。只是扔下我妈一个人，不知她以后怎么过。 ⑧我们都有些黯然，春天的气息，正在蓬勃。空气中，满布着新生命的香，叶在长，花在开。而他，却像秋天树上挂着的一枚叶，一阵风来，眼看着它就要坠下来，坠下来。 ⑨我去上班，他在半路上拦下我。那个时候，他已瘦得不成样，脸色蜡黄蜡黄。他腼腆地冲我笑，老师，你可以帮我一个忙么？我说，当然可以。他听了很高兴，说他想在小院子里种些花。你能帮我找些花的种子么？他用期盼的眼神看着我，见我狐疑地盯着他，他补充道，在家闲着也无聊，想找点事做。 ⑩我跑了一些花店，找到许多花的种子带回来，太阳花，风仙花，虞美人，喇叭花，一串红……他小心地伸手托着，像对待小小的婴儿，眼睛里，有欢喜的波在荡。 ?这以后，难得见到他。婆婆说，陈家老四中了邪了，筷子都拿不动的人，却偏要在院子里种花，天天在院子里折腾，哪个劝了也不听。 ?我笑笑，我的眼前，浮现出他捧着花的种子的样子。真希望他能像那些花儿一样，生命有个重新开始的机会。 ?一晃，春天要过去了。某天大清早，买菜回来的婆婆突然说，陈家老四死了。 ?像空谷里一声绝响，让人怅怅的。我买了花圈送去，第一次踏进他家小院，以为定是灰暗与冷清的，却不，一院子的姹紫嫣红迎接了我。那些花，开得热情奔放，仿佛落了一院子的小粉蝶。他白发的老母亲，站在花旁，拉着我的手，含泪带笑地说，这些，都是我
2014高考英语阅读理解精英练习题（18）及答故事类---[2012·北京卷] B Peanuts to This Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way？” Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip(掷)a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails，my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver. Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear，“My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revoluti on.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington? Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my opinion to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet! 60．What did the author's classmates think about his report? A．Controversial. B．Ridiculous.
阅读理解专题训练与答案 A Picture Show There are 12,000 pictures on show here. You can see the whole Chinese history! Place: City Museum Price: ￥30 Time: 9:00 -5:00 Monday-Friday Films at the Museum There are two European(欧洲的) films on Saturday afternoon at the Museum Theatre. See Broken Window at 2:30. The Workers is at 4:45. For more information, call 84987898. International Picnic Are you tired of eating the same food every day? Come to Central Park on Saturday and enjoy food from all over the world. Delicious and not expensive. Noon to 5:00 Do You Want to Hear “The Zoo”？ “The Zoo”, a popular rock group from Australia, will give their first US concert(音乐会) this Saturday night, at 8 at Rose Hall, City College.
初中阅读练习——记叙文（九年级一）
（二） 掌心化雪 ①这是一个真实的故事。 ②她丑得名副其实，肤黑牙突，大嘴暴睛，神情怪异，好像还没发育好的类人猿，又像《西游记》里被孙悟空打死的那个鲇鱼怪。爸爸妈妈都不喜欢她，有了好吃的好玩的，也只给她漂亮的妹妹。她从来都生活在被忽略的角落。 ③在学校，丑女孩更是倍受歧视，坐在最后面，守着孤独的世界。有一回，班里最靓的女生和她在狭窄的走廊遇上，一脸鄙夷，小心翼翼地挨着墙走，生怕被她碰着，哪怕是衣角。丑女孩满怀愤懑，又无处诉说，回家躺在黑暗里咬牙切齿，酝酿复仇——她要买瓶硫酸，送给同班的靓女；甚至妹妹也要“变丑”，逼着父母学会一视同仁。 ④不是没有犹豫。她一直善良，碰见走失的猫狗都会照顾。于是，她蒙着纱巾，遮盖住丑陋的面孔，去见中科院心理研究所的老师。哪怕对方有丁点厌恶，都足以把她推下悬崖。 ⑤老师眼神明净，声音柔和，鼓励她解下纱巾。她踌躇地照做了。老师微笑着起身，走过来，轻轻拥抱住她。那一刻，陌生温暖的怀抱，化解了她身上的戾气，让她莫名落泪。从此，丑女孩一改阴郁仇视的眼神，微笑的她最终被父母、同学接受。 ⑥只需一个拥抱，就能改变一个人的一个小时、一天、一个月，乃至一生。 ⑦平凡的我们，都需要这样的爱，相互鼓舞慰藉。 ⑧记得有一次，我去医院看眼睛，被点了药水之后，刚才熟悉的世界陡然陷入黑暗。身外一片人声扰攘，脚步杂乱，我却战战兢兢不敢举步，恍惚只觉面前横亘万丈深渊。幸好有只手伸过来，轻轻把我送到长椅上坐定。这只陌生的手让我渐渐安心，心情坦然。 ⑨我的先生只是市井小人物，但是“无缘大慈，同体大悲”的精神，深入骨髓。他每月工资少得可怜，从不
中考记叙文阅读专题 一、阅读下面选文，完成1～5题。（17分） 与芦苇相遇 四平 ①与芦苇多次相遇，我总感受到一种无法遏止的精神大美。芦苇是生命的一部分。 ②与芦苇再次相遇，是5月在新疆阿尔泰山腹地的鸭泽湖。鸭泽湖里的芦苇，在纯净的阳光中快速拔节，生长出一片明 润的嫩绿，在高天大地之间展露出悦目的生命表情。清明的 晨光中，飘逸的晨雾里，这片清静无忧的芦苇，不仅呈现出“蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜”的意象，也使人觉得它们就是山水 间那一往情深的“伊人”了。 ③芦苇实在是平凡的禾草植物，它们既可以扎根在沼泽、 滩涂、湿地，又能够丛生于野塘、湖泊、河沟，无论水色清浊，不管水味酸咸，都可以平静适应而蓬勃向上。
④与芦苇初次相遇，是三年前一个春天，洪泽湖畔。清嫩 的芦苇摇曳在晨风里，摇醒了苇丛中水鸟的梦。从睡梦中醒来的水鸟们，用欢快的呼叫声开始新一天的生活。。 那些茂盛的芦苇，白天是水鸟们表演的幕布和道具，夜晚就成了它们的纱帐与梦床。到了恋爱、成家或生儿育女的时候，芦苇丛便是它们的浪漫花园、温馨婚房或舒适的产房。无数水鸟的生活和爱情故事，就在芦苇的庇护和见证下，一代代地延续着。 ⑤在漫长的岁月里，芦苇营造出一片片生命的家园。 ⑥陪着湿地专家来到黑龙江扎龙湿地保护区，与芦苇第三次相遇。这里是丹顶鹤的故乡。每当游人散去，喧闹过后，丹顶鹤便会在黄昏之际，尽兴地在安谧的家园戏耍欢歌，享受着一天里最安逸、最温情的时光。在它们的生命深处，芦苇不仅仅是嬉戏的乐园、安宁的梦乡，更是生存的依靠。 ⑦生长在草海岸边的一些芦苇，竟然可以长到五六米高，
像竹子一样挺拔、坚劲。这些芦苇在高原灿烂的阳光下，释 放出难以遏制的活力，也在高原冷峭的风里，抖擞着一身的 豪气，不断舒展着坚韧、持久的生命旗帜。 ⑧在很多地方，因为有了芦苇的存在，让人们收获到如同 他乡遇故知一般的踏实和喜悦。西北巴丹吉林沙漠北缘的居延海，同样自然生长着大量的芦苇，大概因为有了它们，这个大漠深处才有了一个安顿心灵的所在。 ⑨与芦苇最近一次相遇，是在一个傍晚，来到颐和园，走 到昆明湖东南角，落日时分，西边的太阳正向绵延的群山滑落，夕阳落在湖面上，一湖碧水变得像一片融金，随着微风 的不停吹拂，闪耀出无数金针般明灭变幻的光线。突然瞥见 靠近湖岸的一丛丛芦苇，还有一束束蓬松的芦花。置身于古 典建筑之间、原本就充满了沧桑感的它们，在被夕阳勾勒出 形态有致的轮廓的同时，又被湖面泛动的光影所晕染．．，悄 然营造出一片温暖而质朴的意境。这些芦苇，在这个布局精
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A To American visitors, Iceland is a very interesting country, partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done, or that do not exist on the island —quite a few "No's". There is no pollution, for instance. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik, the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the entire month of July, and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns; only one jail of thirty-five cells in the entire land —an admirable figure, even for a small country of 313,376 people. There is no army, air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays or Sundays. Since Iceland is situated just under the Arctic Circle, there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. But thanks to Gulf Stream, the climate is rather mild, with temperatures ranging from 34 degrees Fahrenheit to 52 degrees in July. The rules on television, liquor, and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the fact that Iceland gets its power from the enormous geyser(间歇泉and the thousands of hot springs that come out of the ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact, Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power. Iceland has been described as a democratic independent country where more fish are caught and more books published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They composed their first works in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and tales about the kings, heroes, and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first the stories were memorized
阅读理解专题训练二 (含答案)
阅读理解专题训练二：品味语句赏析语言 方法点拨 看修辞手法：比喻、拟人、反复等。 1、把握语言特点看表达方式：描写、议论、抒情等。 看关键词语：动词、形容词等。 2、分析表达效果：结合语境分析妙处：生动形象地写出了……（内容） 3、揭示深刻内涵：联系主旨答作用：表达了……的看法，抒发了……情感，突出了……中心。 答题模式：语言特点+表达效果+深层内涵 （一）枯萎的蒲公英 叶子 ①冬日的午后，阳光虽也明亮，但触一触还是有着沁骨的凉。冬以它的冷漠，裹挟尽百花的艳影，留一地斑驳的枯黄。我不由得竖起大衣的领子。蓦地，一棵蒲公英，出现在我的视野里。 ②那是一株怎样的蒲公英！叶子的边缘已露出萎黄的老态，但还是透着铁一般的绿。【A】叶们努力地贴向地面，那是一种力量爆发前，手脚触地的姿势。也是呢，霜一次又一次从天而降，树叶渐渐飞去，草茎慢慢垂下头来。生命的“红灯”，已经在不远处，正一点点逼近自己，那就用尽全部的力，贴向地面，贴向地面……这就是蒲公英最聪明、最刚强也最负责任的举动。他们明白，要想延续久远，就不能把头昂得太高，这样才能把最沉实的爱，尽可能多地传递给儿女。 ③我的心不由得疼了一下，这像极了我的母亲。 ④去年的这个时节，冬阳阻不住东奔西跑的北风，正如我阻不住我八十岁老母的脚。她在楼下，为我寻挖着蒲公英。“经霜的婆婆丁(蒲公英的俗称)能消炎败火，你这嗓子，应该吃点。” ⑤她半弓着腰，在衰草连片的枯黄里，神情专注地寻找那一小簇一小簇的绿。她时不时地弓下腰，用那曾经丰腴饱满而今肉皮松弛的手，极其小心地翻检着枯黄的草，似乎蒲公英长着脚，一不小心，受了惊吓，就会跑掉了似的。
八年级语文记叙文阅读理解及答案 记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。下面是小编整理的八年级语文记叙文阅读理解及答案，欢迎大家阅读参考，希望帮助到大家。 记叙文阅读理解【一】 故乡的麦子 马国福 ①要离开故乡了，临走时母亲给我装了几双她亲手刺绣的鞋垫。父亲站在门口似乎欲言又止，木讷地思量着什么。父母亲执意要送我到车站，被我拦住了。我说家离车站这么近，你们歇着，我很快就到了。别离如针，我怕这针扎在父母脆弱的心上，让和儿子享受短暂相聚欢愉的他们心里生疼。 ②告别了父母，到了车站，就在我上车门的那一刻，我听到身后有人在喊我，扭头一看，是父亲，他气喘吁吁地向我挥手。由于患有骨质增生，腿脚不灵便的他连走带跑地扑向即将发动的汽车，手里攥着一个小小的蓝布包。嘴里喊着，等等，等等!把这个带上。 ③我停下来，父亲蹒跚着赶过来，把布包塞到我手里。他说：这把麦子你带着吧。我愣住了，以为听觉错误，赶紧问：带什么?父亲说：一把我亲手种的麦子。我感到有些好笑，我在城里工作，又不种庄稼，这么远的路，带一把不起眼的麦子干啥? ④父亲似乎看透了我的心思，缓缓地说，想家的时候，可以拿
出来看看，闻闻麦子的味道，心里也会舒坦些。父亲的举动，让我觉得有种不可理喻的拙愚。 ⑤车里的乘客都上齐了，司机不耐烦地按着喇叭催促着我赶紧上车。我把麦子装进包里，对父亲说：阿大，你回去吧。你们不要担心，我到南方后会给你们常打电话的。 ⑥两天后我回到了南方的家里，打开包裹，随手就把那包麦子扔在阳台上。 ⑦时间久了，我也忘记了那包带着土腥的麦子。 或许是远离家乡的缘故，每到节假日，我总会莫名地感伤，尽管自己工作生活的环境比起高原的环境好多了，我总觉得心里缺少些什么。有段时间，由于俗世的牵绊，我的状态不是很好，困顿的时候常常给家里打电话。每次通完电话，父亲总要问他给我的麦子是否放好了，并提醒我把麦子拿出来经常晒晒，不要生霉。 有次通完电话，想起父亲的念叨，就从阳台上拿出那包麦子，在灯光下铺开。金黄的麦粒一粒一粒，仿佛一颗颗来自远方的眼睛，慈爱地盯着我。这黄，让我想起了父母亲土地一样的容颜，想起了故乡的大地上，那些埋头躬耕的人们。我捡起几颗麦子放在鼻子下嗅嗅，土腥里和着淡淡的麦香，是太阳的味道，土地的味道，也是父母的味道，有一种说不出的感觉。 顿时，我有想流泪的冲动，是感伤，亦是幸福。蜗居城市，我还能拥有一把来自故乡的麦子。 每一粒麦子里栖居着故乡。一粒粒麦子就是故乡的版图，弯曲
记叙文阅读答题技巧 一、考点、热点回顾 1．问文章体裁？ 答：此文是一篇。 备选答案有：诗歌 小说（长篇小说、中篇小说、短篇小说、小小说） 散文(抒情散文、叙事散文、议论性散文即哲理散文)——要求形散而神不散剧本 说明文 议论文 2．记叙文六要素？ 时间、地点、人物、事件起因、经过、结果 3．文章内容？ 方法：看题目、人物（事物）、事件，进行综合、概括。 强调三个部分：内容是什么，文章怎么样，作者怎么样。 答： 4．材料组织特点？ 紧紧围绕中心选取典型事件，剪裁得体，详略得当。 5．划分层次？ （1）按时间划分（找表示时间的短语） （2）按地点划分（找表示地点的短语） （3）按事情发展过程（找各个事件） （4）总分总（掐头去尾） 6．记叙线索及作用？ 线索（明线和暗线）———核心人物、核心事物、核心事件、时间、地点、作者的情感 作用：是贯穿全文的脉络，把文中的人物和事件有机地连在一起，使文章条理清楚、层次清晰。7．为文章拟标题。 找文章的线索或中心，依据有
（1）核心人物（2）核心事物 (3)核心事件（4）作者情感 8．品味题目可以从—— A内容上 B主题上 C线索 D设置悬念上等方面进行品味。 示例：（1）主题上结合主旨必答，如象征性的散文题目，也可以这样回答：拟题巧妙，一语双关，本指…实指…，突出主题，耐人寻味。 （2）说明文：用了什么修辞手法，生动形象说明了……，点明了本文说明的主要内容，点明了本文说明对象。 9．了解人称的作用。 第一人称： 第二人称： 第三人称： 10．记叙顺序及作用？ （1）顺叙（按事情发展先后顺序） 作用： （2）倒叙（先写结果，再交待前面发生的事。） 作用： （3）插叙（叙事时中断线索，插入相关的另一件事。） 作用： 11．语言特色？结合语境和修辞方法从下列语句中选择： 形象生动、清新优美、简洁凝练、准确严密、精辟深刻、通俗易懂、音韵和谐、节奏感强、诙谐幽默。 必须结合具体语句分析。一般指口语的通俗易懂，书面语的严谨典雅，文学语言的鲜明、生动、富于形象性和充满感情色彩。 12．写作手法及作用？ 狭义的写作手法即“表达方式”，广义的写作手法是指写文章的一切手法，诸如表达方式、修辞手法、先抑后扬、想象、联想、象征、开门见山、托物言志、设置悬念、借景抒情、抑扬结合、正反对比、侧面烘托、虚实结合、以小见大、运用第二人称抒情、卒章显志、巧设悬念、首尾呼应、铺垫映衬、一线串珠、明线暗线等。常用具体如下： （1）拟人手法赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作，使物人格化，从而达到形象生动的效果。 （2）比喻手法形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理。
高考阅读理解技巧 一、阅读理解题选材 高考阅读理解题选材，一般遵循三个原则： 1. 文章一般为3篇（含信息匹配题），阅读量在1100单词左右； 2. 题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容； 3. 体裁多样，包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、应用文等。 二、英语阅读文体类型 学会分析体裁的能力对我们做好阅读理解来说是非常重要的。由于不同的文体有不同的段落组织方式和脉络层次，所以我们可以根据这种特点来快速分析文章的体裁： ●记叙文往往按时间顺序展开段落，文章有明显表示时间先后的词语。阅读时抓住时间这条主线，弄清who、 what、where、why与how。文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。 ●描写文通过细节的描写以画面的方式来反应事物的特征、性质。对这种文章要迅速弄清其主题，主题词往往出 现在各个句子里，贯穿文章的始末；紧围绕这个主题进行阅读，找到文章与之有关的信息，并确定信息与主题的关系。 ●说明文用以解释或揭示事物的状态、特征、演变、结果及其相互之间的关系，这类文体的文章，首句往往是主 题句，开门见山，说明文章的关注对象：弄清作者的思路和段落组织的方式；把握次要信息及其与主题的关系。 英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法： 1，定义与诠释说明； 2，举例与引用说明； 3，分类与图表说明； 4，比较与比喻说明； 5，分析与综合说明； 就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征；弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明；并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法，理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。 ●议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据 从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。 就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有： 1，总分式总---分；分----总；总----分---总； 2，并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系； 3，递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系； 4，对照式把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。 ●应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清 作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。
一、现代文阅读 课内阅读。 就在伯父去世那一年的正月里,有一天,是星期六的下午,爸爸妈妈带我到伯父家里去。那时候每到周末,我们姐妹三个轮流跟随着爸爸妈妈到伯父家去团聚。这一天在晚餐桌上,伯父跟我谈起《水浒传》里的故事和人物。不知道伯父怎么会知道我读了《水浒传》,大概是爸爸告诉他的吧。老实说,我读《水浒传》不过囫囵吞枣地看一遍,只注意紧张动人的情节;那些好汉的个性,那些复杂的内容,全搞不清楚,有时候还把这个人做的事情安在那个人身上。伯父问我的时候,我就张冠李戴地乱说一气。伯父摸着胡子,笑了笑,说:“哈哈!还是我的记性好。”听了伯父这句话,我又羞愧,又悔恨,比挨打挨骂还难受。从此,我读什么书都不再马马虎虎了。 1．联系上下文,解释词语。 (1)囫囵吞枣:_________ (2)张冠李戴:__________ 2．用“”画出具体描写“我”读书时“囫囵吞枣”的句子,用“”画出具体描写“我”读书时“张冠李戴”的句子。 3．“哈哈!还是我的记性好。”对这句话理解正确的是( )。 A．伯父夸自己,嘲笑我的记性差 B．这句话表面看是在夸自己记性好,实际上是在用幽默的语言、委婉的语气批评“我”读书太马虎 4．给短文取一个小标题:_______。
《灰椋鸟》节选 夕阳渐渐西沉，晚霞映红了天空，也映红了刺槐林和竹林。天上的鸟越来越少了，可是整个林子里的灰椋鸟还是不愿意过早地安眠。看，这几只刚刚落在枝头上，那几只又马上扑棱棱地飞起。它们的羽毛全变成金红色的了，多么像穿上盛装的少女在翩翩起舞哇！树林内外，百鸟争鸣，呼朋引伴，叽叽啾啾，似飞瀑落入深涧，如惊涛拍打岸滩，整个刺槐林和竹林成了一个天然的俱乐部。这上万只灰椋鸟是在举行盛大的联欢会，还是在庆祝自己的节日要不怎么会这样热闹我被这喧闹而又热烈的场面感染了，竟情不自禁地欢呼起来。 5．给下列字选择正确读音，填序号。 深涧．（________）ān àn 情不自禁．（________）A．jìn īn 6．结合本文给下列词语选择正确的解释，填序号。 （1）百鸟争鸣─（________） A．形容许多鸟在鸣叫。 B.一百只鸟在争论。 （2）呼朋引伴─（________） A．呼唤朋友。 B.呼唤朋友，招引同伴。 7．文中划横线的句子是一个（）句。 A．拟人句。B．比喻句。 8．这段话主要写了（）的场面。 A．灰椋鸟归林后热闹的场面。B．灰椋鸟归林前喧闹而热烈的场面。 9．树林内外，百鸟争鸣......这些灰椋鸟会谈论什么你能写一句关于环保的宣传语吗 ___________________________________________________________________