绵阳市初2012级学业考试暨高中阶段招生考试
英语
本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。试题卷共6页，答题卡共4页。满分150分。考试时间150分钟。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号用0．5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、考号。
2．选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0．5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
3．考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题，共100分）
I.单项选择(20题，每题1分)
1. Last night, there was a food accident. Ten ________ were ill, but now________ were lost.
A. childs, lives
B. children, life
C. children, lives
D. child, life
2. The building has ________floors. They live on the ________ floor.
A. ninth, last
B. nine, nine
C. nine, ninth
D. nine, tenth
3. --- What’s the matter with you?
--- I caught ________ bad cold and had to stay in ________ bed.
A. a, /
B. a, the
C. a, a
D. the, the
4. They got a baby and ________ was very lovely.
A. one
B. it
C. this
D. that
5. We want to go to Japan to have a ________ study.
A. farther
B. farthest
C. further
D. furthest
6. Can you imagine that ________ little ants can carry ________ many big worms?
A. so, so
B. such, such
C. such, so
D. so, such
7. Usually he writes ________ ink and writes ________ his left hand.
A. with, in
B. in, by
C. in, with
D. with, by
8. Why not look up the new word in the dictionary ________ you don’t know it?
A. if
B. that
C. though
D. whether
9. When ________ you ________ here?
A. have, come
B. have, been
C. did, come D .did, be
10. --- Oh, Mrs. King, you necklace looks nice. Is it new?
--- No, I ________ it for two years.
A.had
B. have had
C. bought
D. have bought
11. More and more trees need ________ in the world.
A. planting
B. to plant
C. be planting
D. be planted
12. It’s 9:00 again. It’s time to have you temperature ________ .
A. to take
B. taking
C. take
D. taken
13. --- Where is Tom?
--- He ________ in the dining room. He said he was hungry just now.
A.may be
B. maybe
C. may
D. perhaps
14. One should do one’s study, ________ ?
A. should he
B. shouldn’t we
C. shouldn’t one
D. shouldn’t you
15. The population of the city ________ not large, but one third of the population here
high-educated citizens.
A. is, is
B. are, are
C. is, are
D. are, is
16. --- David has made great progress recently.
--- ________ , and ________ .
A.So he has, so have you
B. So he has, so you have
C . So has he, so you have D. So has he, so have you
17. ________ , young man! If you’re late for work again, you’ ll lose you job.
A. Watch you step
B. Take it easy
C. Use you head
D. Have a look
18. My necklace is not the only thing ________ is missing.
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. who
19. --- We can use MSN to talk with each other on the Internet.
--- Really? Will you please show me ________ it.
A.what I can use
B. how can I use
C . how I can use D. what to use
20.She was so angry at ________ he was doing ________ she walked out, and close the door heavily behind her.
A. what, that
B. that , what
C. that, that
D. what, what
II.完形填空(1篇5小题，1篇10小题，每题2分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的(A、B、C、D)四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mr. King works in a restaurant. He goes to work in the morning and gets home very late. He can 21 well. There are three great specials in the restaurant---chicken, tomato noodles and dumplings with beef and carrots. Mr. King is very 22 to everyone there. Every day a lot of people come to 23 in the restaurant. When he sees them, he usually asks them, “What kind of food do you like?” He has 24 in the restaurant at twelve o’clock. He usually goes home for dinner. He is a bit tired 25 he is happy. Mr. King likes his work. “I’m happy when people enjoy my food.” he says.
21 . A. sing B. dance C. write D. cook
22. A. friendly B. cold C. impolite D. fair
23. A. watch B. help C. eat D. play
24. A. supper B. lunch C. breakfast D. tea
25 A. so B. because C. and D. but
B
Wouldn't it be great if we didn't have to remember passwords ever again? If we could just sit i n front of our computers and be ____26____logged in? Crave mentions how NEC Soft Biode Log on system uses face recognition technology to log you on to Windows, rather than using a ____27 ___. All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to____28____your PC. No more ____29____, confusing passwords to remember or change every few months. Problem is, this software is in Jap anese.
After doing a little research, I found this type of ___30___ already available in English to con sumers via a relatively ____31 _application called Face Code. The ___32___ requires the use of a webcam to recognize and log PC users into their systems. You can add as many ___33___ as you want, provided they each have a Windows account. If the system ___34____to recognize your __ _35__, you can recall the Windows user name and password by using a hot-key combination
26. A. automatically B. personally C. correctly D. occasionally
27. A. face B. password C. software D. system
28. A. access B. connect C. recognize D. remember
29. A. simple B. complicated C. special D. useful
30. A. computer B. technology C. password D. application
31. A. independent B. infrequent C. inexpensive D. instant
32. A. account B. consumer C. designer D. software
33. A. users B. passwords C. systems D. computers
34. A. begins B. tries C. fails D. stops
35. A. account B. name C. password D. face
III.阅读理解（5篇25小题，每题2分）
A
I think the most terrible thing in life for my little brother is getting up in the morning. He is almost sick when my mother calls, "Herbert! It's seven o'clock! Get up!"Herbert answers, "I'm coming!" and goes right back to sleep. I'm not at all like my brother. I don't like to go to bed at night but I don't mind getting up in the morning. I usually wake up before my mother calls me. I jump out of bed and go into the bathroom to take a shower. I get dressed, brush my teeth, comb my hair, and get ready to go downstairs for breakfast as soon as my mother calls.
But not Herbert. He just sleeps. A military band (军乐队) in our bedroom could not wake him up. I call him and say, "Get up! Mum will be up here to pull you out of bed if you don't get up immediately!"
But he just sleeps. After calling a few more times my mother has to come upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed. It's that way every day with my little brother. Perhaps some day he'll learn to get up on time, but I really don't think so.
36. The most terrible thing in life for my little brother is going to school.
37. I'm not like my brother because I like to go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning.
38. I usually jump out of bed and go into the bathroom for a shower before my mother calls.
39. When mother calls, Herbert doesn't answer and remains in bed.
40. My mother often has to go upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed as he refuses to get up.
B
Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog". Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things home for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them.
Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk.
We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?"
"It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry."
"Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back."
"We can't ". said my sister.
"Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!"
41. The writer and Mary didn't know______.
A. what Zip's first present was
B. how Zip carried its first present home
C. who owned Zip's first present
D. what Zip's first present was made of
42. Tom calls Zip "the keep dog" because ______.
A. the dog likes keeping things
B. the dog likes playing with shoes
C. he doesn't know the dog's name
D. he can't pronounce the word " sheep" well
43. What made the shoe strange was ______.
A. its color
B. its smell
C. its size
D. that it was a silk one
44. The word "keep " in the last sentence means "_____"
A. keeping things for itself
B. bringing things for other to keep
C. not letting it run about
D. taking care of a small child
45. We can know from the reading that the dog _____.
A. likes to give presents to people
B. has been kept in at the writer's home
C. has brought some trouble
D. likes to be called "the keep dog"
C
An old lady in a plane had a blanket（毯子）over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”
Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fine, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is goi ng very well. ”But she continued to hide.
So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”
46. An old lady had _________ .
A. glasses
B. a blanket over her head
C. a coat
D. a basket
47. A. She didn’t want to ________ .
A. take it off
B. turn it off
C. get on
D. talk about it
48. _________ spoke to her .
A. The air hostess
B. The man next to her
C. her husband
D. one of her friends
49. The old lady had never been _________ before .
A. abroad
B. home
C. in a plane
D. in hospital
50. The woman didn’t like planes and she was never going ________ .
A. to fly again
B. to travel
C. to go abroad
D. to go home
D
Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报)," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.
He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."
He found a taxi (出租车) and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.
"Which hotel are my things in?" he said, "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, "Please send me my address at this post office."
51. Dick flew to New York because ___.
A. he went there for a holiday
B. he had work there
C. he went there for sightseeing (观光)
D. his home was there
52. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?
A. Because she didn't know his address yet
B. Because she wanted to go to New York, too
C. Because she might send him another telegram
D. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York
53. Where did Dick stay in New York?
A. In the center of the city.
B. In a hotel.
C. In a restaurant.
D. At his friend's house.
54. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?
A. The manager (经理) of his hotel.
B. The police office.
C. The taxi driver.
D. His wife.
55. Which of the following is not true?
A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.
B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.
C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.
D. Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.
E
In England, people often talk about the weather because they can experience (经历) four seasons in one day. In the morning the weather is warm just like in spring. An hour later black clouds come and then it rains hard. The weather gets a little cold. In the late afternoon the sky will be sunny, the sun will begin to shine, and it will be summer at this time of a day.
In England, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer. So in winter they can swim sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes.
When you go to England, you will see that some English people usually take an umbrella (伞)or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning, but you should not laugh at them.
If you don't take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret (后悔) later in the day.
56. Why do people in England often talk about the weather?
A. Because they may have four seasons in one day
B. Because they often have very good weather
C. Because the weather is warm just like in spring
D. Because the sky is sunny all day
57. From the story we know that when _________come, there is a heavy rain.
A. sunshine and snow
B. black clouds
C. summer and winter
D. spring and autumn
58. "People can also have summer in winter." Means "it is sometimes too ______in winter."
A. warm
B. cool
C. cold
D. rainy
59. In the sunny morning some English people usually take a raincoat or an umbrella with them because ________.
A. their friends ask them to do so
B. it often rains in England
C. they are going to sell them
D. they are their favourite things
60. The best title (标题)for this passage is ________.
A. Bad Seasons
B. Summer or Winter
C. The Weather in England
D. Strange English People
IV.阅读填空(5题，每题2分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息，每空一词，计10分）
There are many things you can do to improve your memory. Among them are many kinds of useful ways are well as taking special care of your health.
It is important that you make yourself excited to make your memory more active. You can do this by doing some new activities and by changing your daily habits. Learning a new skill helps your brain（大脑）to develop. When trying to remember something, you should pay special attention to the most important things about it .Do not allow other thoughts to enter your mind because this will reduce your chances of making right memories.
An excellent way to help memory is to connect information with pictures .Try to see the pictures in your mind. Taking notes and keeping a diary will also be helpful.
Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are necessary for your memory to work well. Drinking a lot of water also helps keep your memory. You must allow your brain to have enough sleep and rest. When you are asleep, your brain stores memory. Not enough sleep can cause problems with storing information . And being tired will also stop you from being able to think clearly and well. In order to keep your mind on your work, you must be free from worry. Generally keeping fit and normal health checks are both important as well-not just for improving your memory.
V.选词填空(10小题，每题2分)
Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 66________ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 67________ there.
One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 68________ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 69_______ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 70 ________ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 71 ________ by the man. He said angrily,
“That’s 72________ !” Mr. Brown’ s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.
When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 73 ________ of them, he said, “You’ve mended them very well.”
In the afternoon he got into the train again. The74________ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “You’ve had a 75________ day,” he said.
VI.书面表达
雪灾
去年春节期间，我国大部分地区遭受雪灾，特别是南方，室几十年未遇。公路、铁路、机场都被迫关闭，电网瘫痪，数百万人不能回家过年。部分山区人民生活异常困难，在各级政府的带领下，人民群众、解放军战士英勇抗击雪灾，涌现出大批可歌可泣的英雄事迹。作为一名中学生，你有何感想？有何打算？能不能改变这种状态？
绵阳市初2012级学业考试暨高中阶段招生考试
英语试题参考答案
1.C
2.C
3.A
4.B
5.C
6.C
7.C
8.A
9.C 10.B 11.A 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.C 16.A 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A 21.D 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.D
本文介绍了计算机中一种可以代替密码记忆的面部识别技术。
26. 答案：A 点拨：由前文“不必记密码”和后文的“面部识别技术”可知，是“自动登录”。
27. 答案：B 点拨：因“用脸部识别技术来帮你登陆”了，所以“不需要用密码”。
28. 答案：A点拨：“只要有一个摄象头，一张漂亮的脸蛋”，就可以“访问”你的个人电脑了。access的意思是“存取(信息) [get information from or put information into (a computer file)]”。29. 答案：B 点拨：由confusing(令人糊涂的)可知，与之一起修饰password的应为complic ated(复杂的)。
30. 答案：B 点拨：作者“作小调查研究”，就是为了搞清面部识别这种“技术”。
31. 答案：C 点拨：消费者获得到这种技术，是要通过Face Code这种软件，而根据常识，
要得到软件就得购买，要购买就涉及到价钱，因此application(应用软件)的修饰语，应为“相对便宜的”。另外，其它词与语境相差太远：independent独立的，infrequent稀少的，inst ant立即的。
32. 答案：D 点拨：由与前句的承接可知答案。software与前文application同义，都指“软件”。句意是：“该软件需用到一个摄像头来识别，并帮助计算机用户登陆到他们的系统当中。”
33. 答案：A 点拨：由前句中的users的提示，以及本句后面的they each have a Windows ac count(他们有一个Windows帐户)可知，有账户的应当是“用户”。
34. 答案：C点拨：由下文“调出窗口用户名和密码”可知，是“系统不能识别你的脸”时候。
35. 答案：D点拨：由上文的face recognition及全文可知，本题应填face。可将29与30两
题结合起来考虑。
36. F 37.T 38.T 39.F 40.T
41. C 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.C
46. B 47.A 48.A 49.C 50.A
51 .B 52.A 53.B 54.D 55.C
56. A 57.B 58.A 59.B 60.C
61. Improve 62. ways 63.part 64.keeping 65. enough
66. brought 67.mended 68. forgot 69. beside 70.picked
71. stopped 72. Mine 73.each 74. Same 75. lucky
【剖析】这是一篇伞店老板Mr Brown在火车上发生的故事，是叙述类文章。要求填的词
汇都是《大纲》范围内的词汇，因此难度不是很大。学生应在短文语境中对有用的信息进
行推敲，结合整篇文章的内容，确定所需词汇。通读全文，了解大意。再读全文，确定所
需词的词义、词性和词形。
第66题需要动词，因为该句无谓语，意思是“带来”或“给”，所以选brought。
第67题需要动词，由于该句是被动语态，意思是“被修理”，选mended。
第68题为动词，由空前主语和空后的动词不定式决定，根据下文判断意思是“忘记”，选forgot。
第69题选介词。由语境决定的，意思是“在座位旁边”，选beside。
第70题选动词，意思是“拾起”，恰好是词组pick up,故事发生在过去，所以选picked。
第71题选动词，由于句子是被动语态，选stopped。
第72题选名词性物主代词，由于句子是主系表结构，意思是“我的”，选mine。
第73题选代词，由后面的of结构决定的，指“每一”或者“全部”，选词中没有提供all；所以选each 。
第74题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“相同的”，选same。
第75题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“幸运的或好的”，选lucky。
作文范文
As we know, our country suffered heavy snow last Spring Festival. Everything was covered with heavy snow. It made the buses, trains and planes stop. Millions of people couldn"t go home. Many people suffered trouble. There was no food, water or light in some places. Our government called on people to fight against heavy snow. As a student, I think we should learn from those heroes. We must study hard at school. We should learn all kinds of nowledge to make our motherland stronger, better and richer.
普通高中学业水平考试英语词汇表 A a / an (art.) 一个(件 ... );(表示同类事物中的一个); (表示非特指的任何)一个able (adj.)能够;有能力的 be able to do sth.能够(有能力)做某事 aboard (adv.)在船(飞机，火车，公共汽车)上about (adv.)大约;到处；四处 (prep.)在各处；四处；关于 above (prep.)在..... 上面 (adv.)在上面 (adj.)上面的 abroad (adv.)到(在)国外 abse nee (n.)缺席 absent (adj.)缺席;不在 absolutely (adv.)绝对地；完全地academic (adj.)学术的accent (n.) 口音accept (v.)承认；接受;答应account (n.)叙述;描写;报道ache (vi. & n.)痛;疼痛achievement (n.)成就;功业；伟绩across (prep. & adv.) 穿过；在另一边；在对面act (v.)表演;扮演角色active (adj.)积极的;主动的actor (n.)演员actress (n.)女演员ad (n.)广告adapt (vi.)使适应；使适合add (v.)加；增加addict (n.)对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子address (n.)住处；通讯处admit (vt.)承认adult (n.)成人advantage (n.) 优势;长处adventure (v.)冒险advertise (vt.)为做广告advice (n.)忠告；劝告;建议 advise (v.)忠告；劝告;建议 adviser (n.)顾问 affair (n.)事;事情 affect (vt.)影响対……有坏影响afford (vt.)买得起；有能力支付afraid (adj.)害怕；担心be afraid of 害怕Africa (n.)非洲 African (adj.)非洲的；非洲人的 (n.)非洲人 after (prep.)在 .... 后面
试卷类型: A 2019年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试 英语试卷 注意事项: 1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签学将的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题 卡右上“条形码粘贴处”。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需 改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相 应位置上，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改 液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. 情景交标（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分) 阅读下列简短对话，从A、B、C和D项中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 1.——Thank you for your help. ——. A. Never mind B. You are welcome C. No, thanks D. It doesn't matter 2. ——Do you mind closing the door? ——. A. Don’t mention it B. I don't like it C. Not at all D. Never mind 3. —— I feel so nervous about the final exam. ——. A. Take it easy B. No hurry
C. I think so D. No problem 4. ——Tom，you’ve made rapid progress in English ! A. I think so B. Not too bad C. Thank you D. It's all right 5. —— Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the railway station? ——. You can' t miss it. A. Yes, I can B. It's my pleasure to help you C. That’s easy D. Turn left at the first crossing Ⅱ. 阅读理解(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读不列短文掌握其大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 A Once there was a woman who was greatly disturbed by her husband. He seemed to care little about her. So the woman took her trouble to the local magician. She told him her story, full of pity for herself. " Can you give me some magic powers to make him love me again? ” she asked anxiously. The magician thought for a moment and replied,“ I will help you, but first you must bring to me three hairs from a living lion. These! Must have before I can give you my magic powers.” There was indeed a lion that often came near to the village. It was frightening. The woman thought again and again and at last she had an idea. The next morning she took a young sheep and waited anxiously. When she saw the lion approaching, she left the sheep in the path of the lion quickly and went back home. So it happened that, every day early in the morning, the woman would rise and take a young sheep to the lion. Gradually the lion came to know the woman. Seeing the lion's trust in her, the woman carefully pulled three hairs from it and set out for the magicians house “Look, "she said happily as she entered, " here they are! "And she gave him the three hairs. “How did you make it ?"asked the magician in surprise.
高中英语学业水平考试练习题 第Ⅰ卷（选择题满分75分） 第一部分单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.Learning _______ country’s language is a better way of knowing _______culture behind it. A. the; a B. a; the C. /; the D. a; / 2.My brother got up earlier than _______ this morning, as it is a special day for him. A. common B. regular C. usual D. normal 3._______ effective learners, we must have good study approaches. A. To be B. To have been C. Having been D. Being 4.Please remember nothing can be learned ______ hard work. A. by B. at C. without D. for 5.Tony is a quiet student in class _______ he is quite active in outdoor activities. A. so B. and C. or D. while 6.If you _______ the habit of smiling often, you are going to feel a lot better and be more optimistic. A. take B. show C. develop D. match 7.We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea _______. A. either B. however C. yet D. instead 8.The movies introduced to China won’t be popular _______ the stories are attractive. A. until B. unless C. though D. if 9.The problem of high living expenses we face today is quite similar to _______ troubling the Americans in the 1930s. A. one B. it C. this D. that 10.Sorry, I can’t return the book today. Actually, I _______ half of it. A. have covered B. am covering C. was covering D. covered 11.The No. 1 searched term for 2013 was Nelson Mandela, the former president of South Africa, _______ death caused a worldwide celebration of his life’s achievements. A. who’s B. which C. of whom D. whose 12.---Shall I pick you up at the school gate tomorrow morning
高二英语学业水平预测试题（七） 第一节：单项填空 1. --Are you sure you're ready for the best? --_________. I'm well prepared for it. A. I'm afraid not B. No problem C. Hard to say D. Not really for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris. A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a 3. In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK. A. that B. this C. one D. it 4. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______. A. condition B. income C. credit D. status shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive. A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he's reliable. A. Or else B. In short C. By the way D. For one thing 7. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us. A. on B. in C. at D. about 8. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us. A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon 9. Silk ______ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. A. had become B. reject C. control D. abandon return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in 2012. A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted 11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved. A. whom B. which C. what D. that their children lived far away from them , these old people felt ______from the world. A. carried away B. broken down C. cut off D. brought up 13. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed. A. eventually B. strangely C. merely D. especially 14. When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest. A. limited B. reserved C. reflected D. spoiled 15. Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths _______ since their highest in 2005.
高中学业水平考试操作题操作步骤 一、Word题 1、字体设置：字体、字形、字号、颜色、阴影、阳文、阴文、字符间距。 选择文字→“格式”→“字体”根据要求设置（如要设置字符间距：先点“字符间距”后根据要求设置。）→确定。 2、段落设置：对齐方式、首行缩进、段前/段后间距、行间距。 选择段落→“格式”→“段落”根据要求设置（如要设置“首行缩进”或“悬挂缩进”→选择“格式”→“段落”→“特殊格式”）→确定。 3、项目符号和编号： 选择段落→“格式”→“项目符号和编号”根据要求选择→确定。 4、添加边框和底纹： 选择文字→“格式”→“添加边框和底纹”根据要求选择→确定。 5、分栏、取消分栏： 选择内容→“格式”→“分栏”根据要求选择→确定。 6、首字下沉： 选择内容→“格式”→“首字下沉”根据要求选择→确定。 7、设置背景： 直接选择“格式”→“背景”根据要求选择→确定。 8、插入图片并设置图片： 选择位置→“插入”→“图片”根据要求选择“剪贴画”或“来自文件”后插入图片。 设置图片：在图片上点右键→“设置图片格式”后根据要求设置。（如看不到图片：在光标前点一下就会出现方框然后点右键选择“设置图片格式”根据要求设置。）→确定。 9、插入艺术字和修改艺术字 选择位置→“插入”→“图片”→“艺术字”根据要求设置→确定。 设置艺术字：在艺术字上点左键就会出现艺术字工具栏，根据要求设置→确定。 10、插入自选图形和修改自选图形 选择位置→“插入”→“图片”→“自选图形”→在出现自选图形工具栏中选择。 设置自选图形：在自选图形上点右键→“设置自选图形设置”后根据要求设置→确定。 11、插入文本框并设置： 有文字时：先选择文字→“插入”→“文本框”根据要求选择→确定。 要求自己输入文字时：“插入”→“文本框”根据要求选择→在画布外面按鼠标左键拖出文本框→在文本框内输入文字→确定。 文本框设置：在文本框边线上单击鼠标右键→“设置文本框格式”→根据要求设置。 12、替换文字： 选中对象→“编辑”→“替换”→“查找内容”中打入要替换的对象→“替换为”精品文档
湖南省普通高中学业水平考试 英语词汇表 附件一词汇表(2400) A a a (an) art. 一（个、件……） ________n. 能力，才能 ________ a.能够，有能力的 ________ad.大约，到处，四处prep.关于，在各处，四处 ________ prep.在……上面 a.上面的ad. 在之上 ________ad.到（在）国外 ________ n.缺席，没参加，不在场 ________ a.缺席的，不在的 ________ vt. 吸收；吸引 ________a.荒唐的，荒诞的，怪诞的 ________a.学业的；学术的 ________n.口音，音调 ________v.接受;接纳 ________vt.接近,使用n. 接近的机会, 享用权 ________n.事故，意外的事 ________ a. 准确的，精确的 ________vt.控告 ________ a. 准确的，精确的________vi.& n.痛，疼痛 ________vt.完成, 达到,赢得，取得; 实现, 成就 ________ n.成就 ________ n. 泛泛之交，熟人 acre n.英亩 ________prep.横过，穿过,在……各处,遍及________n.法令，条例;（戏剧的）一幕v.（戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）;行动 ________n.行动,行为,动作 ________adj.积极的，主动的 ________n. 活动 ________n. 男演员, 行动者, 参与者 ________n.女演员 ________a. 实际的；现实的 ad (缩) = ________ n.广告 ________v.补充;添加，增加;说明 ________n.加，增加 ________n.地址 ________n.管理，管理部门；施行 ________v.钦佩；羡慕 ________v.承认
山东省普通高中学业水平测试英语 词汇表 说明：本词汇表共收约2510个单词。 上（船，飞机，火车，汽车等） 到（在）国外 & n. 学术的，教学的 账目;描述 精确的 指责，指控 地址 管理，行政部门 成年人 事，事情 非洲 非洲的，非洲人的n. 非洲 飞机(单复数同) 航空公司；航空系统 含酒精饮料，酒 过敏的，厌恶 字母表，字母 惊奇，惊叹；震惊 惊奇；惊叹的；震惊的 大使 救护车 金额，数量，总计 角度 踝，踝关节 南极的 申请 申请 约会 欣赏；感激 靠近，接近，建议，要求 近似，大约 （机场的）停机坪 建筑师，设计师 北极的 算术 army n. 军队 逮捕，拘留 箭；箭头 方面，外观，外表 协会，社团，联系 宇航员 天文学家 天文学 大西洋的 大气；气氛 原子，微粒 把……固定，重视 攻击，袭击 试图，尝试 自动的 可获得的，有空的 平均；普通的n.平均数 唤醒 a. 醒着 的 羽毛球 气球 竹 （河海湖的）岸，堤；银行 地下室 基本的 水盆，脸盆 原因，缘由，要素 （棒球、板球的）球棒；蝙蝠 洗澡；浴室；澡盆 洗澡；游泳 公元前 承受，负担，承担；忍受；容 熊 野兽；牲畜 啤酒 长凳；工作台 vt. 使弯曲 在……下方（面） 优势,益处,使……受益 表示位置) 在……的那边 生物（学） 咬；叮 有苦味的；痛苦的，难过的；严 酷的 出血，流血
瞎的 血，血液 吹；刮风；吹气 炸弹v. 轰炸 津贴，奖金，红利 长统靴；靴 （对人，事）厌倦的，烦闷的 瓶子 底部；底 保龄球 拳击（运动） 闸vi. 刹车 树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；支部 品牌 打破(断，碎)；损坏，撕开 乳房，胸 新娘 新郎 巧妙的，使人印象深刻的，技艺高的 宽的，宽大的 广播节目 （broadcast, broadcast或--ed,--ed）vt. 广播 扫帚 串,束,扎,大量,大批 入室窃贼 埋；葬 her. Vt.&n.. 肉店；屠夫屠宰（动物）；残杀（人） 黄油，奶油 蝴蝶 纽扣；（电铃等的）按钮v. 扣（纽扣） 卷心菜，洋白菜 咖啡馆；餐馆 骆驼 照相机；摄像机 蜡烛 餐厅；食堂 首都.省会.大写；资本 le n. （药）胶囊 木工，木匠 四轮马车：（火车）客车 情况；病例；案件；真相 箱；盒；容器 现金，现钞v. 兑现 牛（总称），家畜 小心的，谨慎的 洞，穴；地窖 光盘(compact disk的缩写) 天花板，顶棚 摄氏的 imetre (美centimeter) n. 公分，厘米 中心，中央；主要的 美center ) n. 中心，中央 典礼，仪式，礼节 粉笔 频道；通道；水渠 反复呼喊 要求收费；索价；将(电池)充电 费用；价钱 章 图表；航海图 骗取，哄骗；作弊 奶酪 化学的n. 化学品 药剂师；化学家 化学 美check) n. 支票 箱子；盒子；胸部 主要,首要的n.领导，头 圣诞节（12月25日） 教堂；教会 雪茄烟 纸烟，香烟 le n. /vt. 圆圈将……圈起来 马戏团 公民；居民 国内的；平民（非军人）的；民用的 文明 拍手；鼓掌 一流的，典型的，有代表性
高二学考英语考点解读必背单词和短语 模1 Unit1 （一）重点单词默写 1. 有乐趣的adj. _______________ 2. 获得；赚，vt. _______________ 3. 致力于，献身vt. ______________ 4. 一般的,普通的;平均的adj. ______ 5. 具有挑战性的adj. _____________ 6. 额外的，外加的adj.____________ 7. 准备n._______________ 8. 满意n. _______________ 9. 交流；交换n.& vt. _____________ 10. 经历，体验vt. ____________ 11. 毕业;毕业生vi. & n. ___________ 12. 捐赠vt. _______________ 13. 通知，告知vt. _______________ 14. 批准,通过;赞成vt.&vi. _________ 15. 选择，挑选vt.______________ （二）重点短语默写 1. 免费的_______________ 2. 爱好，喜爱_______________ 3. 负责，掌管_______________ 4. 回顾，回忆_______________ 5. 利用_______________ 模1 Unit2 （一）重点单词默写 1. 窗帘；幕布n. ___________ 2. 受惊的;害怕的adj. _____________ 3. 挨饿;饿死;使挨饿vt. & vi. _______ 4. 现金n.______________ 5. 成年人n.______________ 6. 容忍；允许vt. ______________ 7. 行为；举止n. ______________ 8. 值得；应得vt. ______________ 9. 使不高兴;不高兴的vt. &adj______ 10. 粗鲁的，无礼的adj. __________ 11. 苦干的，勤奋的adj. ___________ 12. 争吵,辩论;论点n. _________ 13. 愚蠢的adj.______________ 14. 耐心n. ______________ 15. 平衡；抵消n.______________ （二）重点短语默写 1. 迫不及待做某事_____________ 2. 应该…，应当… ______________ 3. 对…苛刻,对…严厉___________ 4. 既然______________ 5. 熬夜______________ 6. 混淆，弄乱______________ 7. 好像，似乎______________ 8. 坚持，坚持认为 ______________ 9. 现在______________ 10. 与……一起______________ 模1 Unit 3 （一）重点单词默写 1. 体形;数字;人物n. ____________ 2. 惭愧的,羞愧的adj. ___________ 3. 精力充沛的,充满活力adj.______ 4. 恢复;重新获得vt. & vi.__________ 5. 损害；伤害vt. & n. _____________ 6. 有吸引力的,有魅力的adj. ______ 7. 压力n.______________ 8. 更喜欢vt. ______________ 9. 影响;(病毒)感染vt._________ 10. 器材；设备n. ______________ 11. 成就n. ______________ 12. 专家n. ______________ 13. 尴尬的,难为情的adj. __________ 14. 身体,(器官)系统;制度n. _______ 15. 集中注意力;全神贯注vt.&vi.____ （二）重点短语默写 1. 锻炼______________ 2. 节食______________ 3.（头发等）脱落______________ 4. 强身健体______________ 5. 充分利用______________ 6. 从长远角度看______________ 7. 事实上______________
目录 Ⅰ、考试性质 (1) Ⅱ、考试说明 (1) Ⅲ、测试内容与要求 (5) Ⅳ、模拟试卷与答案 (11) 试卷一（信息技术基础） (11) 试卷二（信息技术基础） (18) 试卷三（多媒体技术应用） (25) 试卷四（多媒体技术应用） (29) 试卷五（网络技术应用） (33) 试卷六（网络技术应用） (37) 参考答案 (41)
Ⅰ、考试性质 普通高中学业水平考试，是在教育部指导下由省级教育行政部门组织实施的国家考试，是依据普通高中课程标准实行的终结性考试，旨在全面反映高中学生在各学科所达到的学业水平。普通高中学业水平考试成绩是衡量学生是否达到毕业标准的主要依据，也是各级教育行政部门进行普通高中课程管理，督促学校认真执行课程方案和课程标准，规范教育教学行为的重要手段。 Ⅱ、考试说明 1．指导思想。普通高中信息技术学业水平考试遵循我国普通高中教育的培养目标，致力于促进学生的全面发展，促进学生信息素养的进一步提升，培养学生基本的科学与人文素养、创新精神和实践能力，使学生初步形成正确的世界观、人生观、价值观，掌握适应时代发展需要的基础知识和基本技能。普通高中信息技术学业水平考试以高中信息技术课程要求的基础知识和基本技能为主要考试内容，适度考查学生分析问题、解决问题的能力，重视理论联系实际，反映信息技术发展的重要成果和新的科学思想，关注信息技术与社会进步的协调发展，增强学生的社会参与意识与责任感，促进学生在知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观等方面的全面发展。
2．命题依据。2012年贵州省普通高中信息技术学科学业水平考试，以教育部《普通高中技术课程标准（信息技术）（实验）》和《贵州省普通高中信息技术学科教学实施指导意见（试行）》为命题依据。 2．考试范围。依据《普通高中技术课程标准（信息技术）（实验）》，我省普通高中信息技术学业水平考试范围为必修学分规定的学习内容，即必修模块内容和一个选修模块的内容。根据我省普通高中信息技术学科教学的现状和实际情况，考生可从“选修2：多媒体技术应用”和“选修3：网络技术应用”中任意选择一个模块进行考试。 3．考试标准。根据课程标准的要求，本次考试将学业水平要求定为三级标准，在不同内容上对学生有不同的要求。 A级：对应于了解水平与模仿水平——再认或回忆事实性知识；识别、辨别事实或证据；列举属于某一概念的例子；描述对象的基本特征等。在原型示范和他人指导下完成操作。 B级：对应于理解水平与独立操作水平——把握事物之间的内在逻辑联系；在新旧知识之间建立联系；进行解释、推断、区分、扩展；提供证据；收集、整理信息等。独立完成操作；在评价和鉴别基础上的调整与改进；与已有技能建立联系等。 C级：对应于迁移应用水平与熟练操作水平——归纳、总结规律和原理；将学到的概念、原理与方法应用到新的问题情境中；建立不同情境之间的合理联系等。根据需要评价、选择并熟练操作技术和工具。 4．考试形式。考试采用局域网环境下的无纸化上机考试，实行闭卷方式。考生使用考试软件、通过上机实际操作进行答卷。考生的试卷由计算机从题库中随机抽取试题智能生成，考生答题的所有过程全部在计算机上进行。
普通高中学业水平考试英语词汇表A a / an (art.) 一个(件……);(表示同类事物中的一个); (表示非特指的任何)一个 able (adj.) 能够;有能力的 be able to do sth. 能够(有能力)做某事 aboard (adv.) 在船(飞机,火车,公共汽车)上 about (adv.) 大约;到处;四处 (prep.) 在各处;四处;关于 above (prep.) 在……上面 (adv.) 在上面 (adj.) 上面的 abroad (adv.) 到(在)国外 absence (n.) 缺席 absent (adj.) 缺席;不在 absolutely (adv.) 绝对地;完全地 academic (adj.) 学术的 accent (n.) 口音 accept (v.) 承认;接受;答应 account (n.) 叙述;描写;报道 ache (vi. & n.) 痛;疼痛 achievement (n.) 成就;功业;伟绩 across (prep. & adv.) 穿过;在另一边;在对面 act (v.) 表演;扮演角色 active (adj.) 积极的;主动的 actor (n.) 演员 actress (n.) 女演员 ad (n.) 广告 adapt (vi.) 使适应;使适合 add (v.) 加; 增加 addict (n.) 对(药物等)上瘾的人;瘾君子 address (n.) 住处;通讯处 admit (vt.) 承认 adult (n.) 成人 advantage (n.) 优势;长处 adventure (v.) 冒险 advertise (vt.) 为……做广告 advice (n.) 忠告;劝告;建议 1 advise (v.) 忠告;劝告;建议 adviser (n.) 顾问
2015年沈阳市省普通高中学生学业水平模拟考试（一） 英语参考答案及评分标准 一、参考答案 第I卷 1-5 CBADC 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 ABACD 16-20 ACDBA 21-25 DBCAB 26-30 DACBA 31-35 DCABC 36-40 DADBC 第II卷 41.to come 42.which 43. it 44. really 45. will plant 46. bookshelves 47. for 48. high 49. reasonable 50. was offered 书面表达 Things We should Do in High School It is well-known that high school life is one of the most important periods in our life. It is so wonderful that many people call it golden time. In my opinion, high school life is a time to gain knowledge and wisdom. To achieve this goal, we should have good habits of learning and study hard on all subjects. Besides, high school life is a time to learn how to live and we should improve our ability to live independently. High school life is also a time to make friends because friends can help us to broaden our vision, enrich our knowledge and make our life colorful. In a word, let’s cherish and enjoy our high school life! 二、评分标准 1. 1~20题：每题2分。 2. 21~40题：每题1分。 3. 41~50题：每题1.5分。 4. 书面表达：25分。 （1）评分原则： ①本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。 ②评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分，已鼓励学生为主。
2016年高中信息技术学业水平考试试卷 一、单项选择题 1.如果从网上下载一个大于300M的软件，使用（）方式下载速度最快？ A、直接下载 B、单击鼠标右键，选择”目标另存” C、“网际快车”下载软件 D、复制、粘贴 2.关于信息，下面说法不正确的是（） A、信息需要依附于载体而存在 B、两个人进行交谈或讨论也是在互相传递信息 C、传递和获得信息的途径可以有很多种 D、信息必须通过载体传播，信息与载体种类也存在必然联系。 3.英语老师要从网上搜索“New Concept English”(新概念英语)有关资料，如果使用 google搜索引擎，键入（）关键词搜索范围更为有效。 A、New Concept English B、“New Concept English” C、“New Concept English” D、“New”+“Concept”+“English” 4.要建立一个“樱桃节”的主题网站，下面较为合理的信息集成过程是（） ①收集反馈、评价修正②确定主题、设计目标 ③规划内容结构、收集加工素材④选择适当工具、实际制作 A、③②①④ B、②①④③ C、①③②④ D、②③④① 5.利用因特网我们可以申请自己的个性博客空间，关于博客下列说法不正确的是（） A、博客是一种特殊的网络服务，它是继E-mail、BBS等之后出现的一种网络交流方式。 B、博客基于网页，采用类似于个人网站的表现形式。 C、我们可以通过博客将极富个性化的思想以“帖子”的形式在网络上发布出来共享。 D、博客可以写作“播客”，发帖内容可以不受任何限制。 6.在计算机上将一份英文学习资料翻译成中文，可以使用（）软件。 A、FlashGe B、ACDSee C、金山快译 D、WinRAR 7.在使用电子表格图表呈现分析结果时，若要描述学校历年来招生人数走势，最形象的图 表类型是（） A、柱形图 B、条形图 C、折线图 D、饼图 8.利用计算机来模拟人类的某些思维活动，如医疗诊断、模拟飞行等都属于（）技术。 A、数值计算 B、自动控制 C、人工智能 D、辅助教育 9.使用中英文双向翻译软件翻译文章，属于信息的（） A、集成 B、加工 C、存储 D、评价 10.为了获取计算机屏幕当前显示画面，可以使用（）快捷键。 A、Print Screen B、SHIFT+C C、ALT+C D、CTRL+V 11.天气预报、市场信息都会随时间的推移而变化，这体现了信息的（） A、必要性 B、时效性 C、共享性 D、载体依附性 12.使用电脑既能听音乐，又能看影碟，这是利用了计算机的（） A、人工智能技术 B、自动控制技术 C、多媒体技术 D、信息管理技术 13.利用VB程序设计语言进行信息的编程加工的一般顺序是（） A、编写代码、设计算法、设计界面、调试运行 B、设计算法、设计界面、编写代码、调试运行 C、设计算法、编写代码、设计界面、调试运行 D、设计算法、编写代码、调试运行、设计界面
第二部分阅读技能(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分) 21. How long will the exhibition last A. Five days. B. Seven days. C. Nine days. D. Eleven days.
22. What will you get for free every day if you’r e among the first 500 A. A magazine. B. A ticket for a magic show. C. A great bargain. D. A chance to join in games. 23. If you come with your family at 3 ., you’ll enjoy the programme________. A. Games and Quizzes. B. Lucky Draw C. Drama on Fun with jokes D. Story Telling 24. For more information about the exhibition, you can_______. A. call the organizer B. write to the company C. visit the website D. e-mail the publisher B Chen Zijiang is a paper-cutting expert whom I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art. Paper-cutting is something that he learned to do from an early age. “It is a Chinese folk art with a long history,” Mr. Chen told me, “Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!”He added that by the Southern Song Dynasty, paper-cutting had become an important part of everyday life. Mr. Chen went on to explain that there are three types of paper cuts which people still make today: paper cuts for decoration, for religious purposes and for design patterns. Paper cuts used for decoration are often seen on windows and gates. They are often put up during holidays to bring good luck. They are also used on presents. For example, a present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children. Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double happiness are often used to celebrate
高中信息技术学业水平考试试题汇总(含答案) 主题一：信息技术与社会 （一）信息及其特征 1．现代社会中，人们把（B）称为构成世界的三大要素。 A．物质、能量、知识 B．信息、物质、能量 C．财富、能量、知识 D．精神、物质、知识 2、盲人摸象体现了信息交流的重要性，信息可以交流说明了信息具有（D） A．价值性 B．时效性 C．载体依附性 D．共享性 3、下列叙述中。其中（D）是错误的 A．信息可以被多个信息接收者接收并且多次使用 B．信息具有时效性特征 C．同一个信息可以依附于不同的载体 D．获取了一个信息后，它的价值将永远存在 4、网络上的信息被人下载和利用，这正说明信息具有（A） A．价值性 B．时效性 C．载体依附性 D．可转换性 5、（B）不属于信息的主要特征 A．时效性 B．不可能增值 C．可传递、共享 D．依附性 6、下面哪一个不属于信息的一般特征？（D） A．载体依附性 B．价值性 C．时效性 D．独享性 7、天气预报、市场信息都会随时间的推移而变化，这体现了信息的（C） A．载体依附性 B．共享性 C．时效性 D必要性 B、交通信号灯能同时被行人接收，说明信息具有（B ）
A．依附性 B．共享性 C．价值 性 D．时效性 9、关于信息特征，下列说法正确的是（B） A．信息能够独立存在 B．信息需要依附于一定的载体 C．信息不能分享 D．信息反映的是时间永久状态10、下面对信息特征的理解，错误的（B） A．天气预报、情报等引出信息有时效性B．信息不会随时间的推移而变化 C．刻在甲骨文上的文字说明信息的依附性 D．盲人摸象引出信息具有不完全性 11、在朝鲜战争即将爆发的时候，蓝德公司向美国政局高价兜售一份调查报告没被理会，战后美国政府分文未花就得到该报告，这体现了信息的：(D) A．价值性 B．可伪性 C．具有可传递性 D．具有失效性 12、关于信息共享与物质的共享的差别，以下说法正确的是：（C） A．信息一方使用时另一方就不能使用 B．信息使用后就会损耗 C．信息可无限复制、传播或分配给众多的使用者 D．信息可以有限的使用 13、将几副相互无关联的图像通过图像处理软件（如Photoshop）的加工后，形成一副富有创意，有实际用途的图像，这体现了信息是（C） A．可以共享的 B．需依附一定载体的 C．可以增值的 D．具有实效性 14、武王伐封作为中国历史上的重大事件，却没有甲骨文资料记载其确切年代。现代考古工作者根据历史传说中的“天象”，利用天文知识成功地完成该时间的判定。这说明信息具有（C）特征 A、可传递性 B．时效性 C．载体依附的可转换性 D、价值性 15、某次语文测验成绩已经按学号顺序录入到Excel表中，对语文成结在100分以上的学生筛选，得出相应的名单，这体现了信息（ B ）的特征 A、可以共享的 B、可以增值的 C、需依附一定载体 D、具有时效性 16、下面有关对信息作用事例的理解，错误的是（D） A．许多历史事件以文字的形式记载在书上，体现信息的依附性。 B．交通信号灯被许多行人接收，体现信息的共享性。