英语音标的发间规则
1．开音节
1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。例：be，he。
2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。例：make，like。* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
2．闭音节
以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。
* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
字母a，e，i，o，u 在重读音节中的读法
1 元音:
1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie
three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me
piece receive ceiling
2) [i] 发音字母 i y e
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary
defect decide delicious
3) [?] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag
shall man
4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a
head bread pleasure
elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes
many any
5) [?:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or
girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger
learn earn earth heard
term her nerd serve
work worm work world
6) [?] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u
teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder
doctor actor mayor author tractor
delicious gracious pleasure
familiar collar dollar
together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen
famulus Saturday
7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm card arm garden
fast class last glass plant aunt calm
8) [?] 发音字母 u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
come mother dose brother love above
trouble rough flourish
blood flood
9) [?:]字母组合 al or au our ar
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn
four mourn court bought
warm quarrel quarter
10) [?] 发音字母 o a
hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not
want wash
11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth
shoe do two
true truth blue full
12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o
look good foot book
should could
put full bull pull push
women whose
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey
name cake late gate plane April
play say may way
great break
rain paint plain
they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 i y
bike fine find die nine light night high
my try fly eye
15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town
16) [?u] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghost
know low below grow blow show flow
boat coat goal
17) [?i] 字母组合oy oi
boy toy joy
oil soil voice choice
18) [i?] 字母组合 eer
beer deer ear idea near here fierce
19) [??] 字母组合ear air
pear bear chair air fair care there where
20) [u?] hour tour poor flower shower
2 容易混淆的元音
[?] [e]
bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said
[i：] [ei]
real rail greet great mean main read raid
[e] [ai]
bet bite red write said side head hide
[au] [?:]
house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn
[aU] [?]
found fond down done gown gone town ton
3辅音
1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push
2) [b] book big boot bike bread break
3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city
4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary
5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)
card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)
fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)
school schedule schema (字母组合ch)
6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language
7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb
8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean
9) [?] uncle bank English think thank junk
sing king morning evening
10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black
world cold could goal soul
11) [r] read red right run room write
12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife
cough laugh rough physic photo phone
13) [v] very evening even every voice vest
14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)
license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)
licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)
15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap
close nose hose suppose pause those whose
16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth
17) [e] that this those these though
18) [?] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash
nation attention station
social special
sure
19) [l] pleasure
20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who
21) [w] when what where window wind wood
22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow
23) [t?] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach
24) [d?] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge
joy enjoy join July June junk
25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk
26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink
27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts
28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods
4容易混淆的辅音
[v] [w]
vest west vet wet vine wine very well
[s] [θ]
sink think mass math miss myth sort sought
[z] [θ]
close cloth breeze breathe
[n] [?]
thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing
添加一点:
9) [?:]字母组合 al or au our ar aw
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store
author caught autumn
four mourn court bought
warm quarrel quarter
draw saw flaw
23) [t?] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）
catch watch match （字母组合tch)
5 字母，组合音节发音规律
1）a [ei] [?] [?] [a:] [?]
late private grade bake grape nation station page
active hand bank fan parent family glad flag
accept about above formative machine cinema
fast last glass class past father
wash what watch want
2）e [i:] [e] [i] [不发音]
appreciate extremely secret she me he
letter left message generate pebble
decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident
active table late wife store lecture
3）i [ai] [i]
high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit
4）o [?u] [u:] [?] [?] [?]
host cold note okay old home
lose do who whose prove
love some other mother honey company
today tomorrow together control collect
lost hot mock office soft honest
5）u [ju] [u] [?] [?]
university refuse unique universe huge
put push pull full bull
but brush bucket duck bubble
support suggest
6）c [k] [s]
country camp camera courage cable
city ceiling celebrate cell cease
7）g [g] [d?] [?]
girl grade glass glade bag flag
village vegetable bridge gentleman gym
long song sing morning evening
8) l [l] 读音不同
listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal
9) n [n] [?]
moon night noodle number
uncle hungry angry young
10) r [r]
right read write grade progress
11）y [j] [i] [ai]
yellow year yell young yolk
university country pretty happy
dyke dying fly buy by my
12）ar [a:] [?] [?:]
farm card garden mark
dollar
warm quarrel quarter
13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [i[]
cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather
great break
idea realize
14) ear [?:] [i?]
learn earth earn heard
hear near clear ear fear
15) er [?:] [?] [i?]
deserve serve her person
teacher driver anger singer
serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere [i?] [??]
here mere fere sere
there
17) ir [?:] [ai]
shirt girl skirt
admire desire
18) oo [u:] [u] [?] [?:]
room tool cool moon noon goof food
good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood
door floor
19) or [?:] [w?:] [?]
short form corn born for
work world worm word worst
tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [?:] [u?]
door floor
moor poor boor
21) our [u?] [?:]
hour tour flour bourn lour
pour court four mourn
22) ou [au] [?] [?]
house mouth mouse sound found
enough trouble touch
delicious gracious prosperous
23) ow [?u] [au]
window meadow know show low
now town how down cow
24) se [z] [s]
nose suppose gose lose pose rose
mouse house
25) th [θ] [e]
thank think thought cloth
clothes that this then than
26) sion [??n] [??n]
propulsion tension progression passion
protrusion provision conclusion television
27) tion [??n] [t??n](不常见)
station nation translation attention
question
6关于语音的几个概念:
Phonics 是一种(方法), 是教育学习者从字母排列中去拼读出单个字来.
AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language（简称AHD）
KK音标是一套(注音符号系统),是由John Samuel Kenyon 和 John Albert Knott两位美国学者共同编著的发音词典 A Pronouncing Dictionary of American1956中用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK 音标。
DJ是根据英国学者Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的标音而来.
英式读音根据的是English Pronouncing Dictionary 《英语正音辞典》。它们代表了被称为“Received Pronuciation”（RP）（标准读音）的读音，这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用。
1888年国际语音协会 (International Phonetic Association) 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号(IPA—International Phonetic Alphabet)，希望以一个符号代表一音，并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便。
国内的英文字典里最常见的音标为英式发音的国际音标 (DJ) 和美式发音的KK音标，前者乃根据Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典(English Pronouncing
Dictionary, 1963)，后者则是根据John S. Kenyon & Thomas A. Knott 二氏的美语发音字典 (A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English, 1956)。值得一提的是，KK音标所使用的符号均从前面提到的国际音标符号 (IPA) 而来，Kenyon & Knott二氏仅将其中适用于美式英语的符号截取出来。
音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.
音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.
元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.
开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine
2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello
闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head
2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant
1．元音: 1) [i:] ee / ea / e / ie, ei three tree green sheep meet beef seek tea leave lead team mean speak clean he she me Chinese piece believe ︱receive ceiling receipt leisure 2) [i] i / y / e / a sit picture list mix fix fit pig build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious orange comrade village 3) [? ] a hand ant happy map mad glad flag shall 4) [e] ea / e / a *ai/ei head bread pleasure *said/leisure elephant electric remember sell hotel many any 5) [?:] ir / ur / ear / ur / or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve *work worm word world 6) [?] (弱音) er / or / ou / ure / ar / o / a / e / u 元音字母及发元音的所有组合在非重读音节中基本上都读[?] 或(少数)[i] leader speaker farmer powder power doctor actor mayor author delicious generous various jealous pleasure measure leisure culture
英语国际音标新旧对照表 Vowels 元音20个新i：?e??:??u: ??:旧i: i e??:??u: u ?:新?a: e?a?????a???e???旧?ɑ: e i a i ?i?u au i?ε?u? Consonants 辅音28个无 变 化 p b t d k g f v s z em n ?l r h w j ??t?d?tr dr ts dz 48个国际音标对应的字母组合 英语国际音标四线三格书写规范 长元音 [i:][u:][?:][ ?:][ ɑ:] 短元音 [ ?[ ?[ ?[ ?][ e ]? ][?] 双元音 /e?//??//a?//??//??//e?//??//a?/轻辅音 /p // t // k // f// ? // s //θ/ 浊辅音 /b //d// g // v // ? // z // e / 轻辅音/ ts// t?// tr// h/ 浊辅音/ dz//d?//dr// r/ 鼻音 /m// n // ? / 半元音 / j //w/ 舌侧音/ ? / 含糊音/ ? /
1 元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:①ee ②ea ③e ④ie \ei ①ee: three[θri:]（三）tree [tri:]（树）green [ɡri:n]（绿色） sheep [?i:p]（绵羊）meet [mi:t] （遇见、会见） ②ea: eat [i:t] (吃、吃饭) tea [ti:]（茶、茶叶）meat [mi:t]（肉、肉食） please [pli:z]（请、使高兴）teacher [,ti:t??]（老师） ③e: he [hi:, i] (他) she [?i:, ?i]（她）me [mi:, mi]（我，宾格） be[bi:, bi]( [be v-ing]构成进行式) ④ie\ei:piece [pi:s]（片, 块）receive [ri，si:v]（收到, 接到） ceiling .[，si:li?] (天花板, 顶棚) 2) [i] 发音字母:①i ②y ③e ①i : sit [sit] ((使)坐)it [it] (它) is .[iz;z;s] (是) six .[siks] (六;六个(人或物)) pig [piɡ] (猪) big.[biɡ]( 大的) ②y : any [,eni]( 一点, 一些)dictionary [‘dik??n?ri]( 词典, 字典) twenty .[‘twenti:, ,tw?n ti:] (二十;20) myth .[miθ]( 神话) happy [‘h?pi]( 愉快的, 高兴的)many [‘meni]( 许多, 多的) ③e : defect .[di,fekt]( 缺点, 过失)decide .[di,said] (下决心; (使)决定) de licious .[di’li??s]( 美味的, 可口的) 3) [?] 发音字母: a a : bag .[b?ɡ] (袋, 包) hand .[h?nd] (手) and .[?nd, ?nd]( 和, 与) happy .[,h?pi] (愉快的, 高兴的)black .[bl?k] (黑色的, 黑暗的) 4) [e] 字母组合: ①ea ②e ③a ①ea : head .[hed]( 头部)bread .[bred]( 面包) breakfast .[，brekf?st]（早餐）weather .[，wee?]（天气） ②e : desk .[desk]（书桌, 办公桌）bed .[bed]（床, 床位） lesson .[，les?n] （功课, 课）better .[，bet?]（更好的） ③a : any [,eni]( 一点, 一些)many [,meni]( 许多, 多的) 5) [?:] 字母组合: ①ir ②ur ③ear ④er ⑤or ①ir ：girl .[ɡ?:l] （女孩、少女）shirt .[??:t]（衬衫、衬衣） bird .[b?:d]（小鸟）first .[f?:st](第一, 最早, 首先) ②ur ：turn .[t?:n](翻转、旋转) burn .[b?:n]（燃烧） murder .[，m?:d?] （谋杀; 谋杀案）nurse ③ear ：learn earn earth heard early ④er ：term her serve
英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个） 輔音（28个）
英语音标及字母组合对照 1.元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i） three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [ ? ] 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay） head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen
音标发音练习 一、元音 （一）单元音 / i: / 发音组合: e ee ea ie ei 代表单词：me bee tea believe receive |mi?| | bi?| | ti:| |b?'li?v| |r?'si?v| /?/ 发音组合: i y 代表单词：sit easy |s?t| | 'i?z?| /e / 发音组合: e ea a 代表单词：bed ready many | bed | |'red?| |'men?| /?/ 发音组合: a 代表单词: cap map bad |K?p| | m?p| |b?d|
发音组合：or ir er ur ear 代表单词: world bird her nurse learn [w??ld][w??ld][h?r][n??s][l??n] /? / 发音组合： a er or ar 代表单词:about letter doctor dollar [?'ba?t] ['let?(r)]['d?kt?(r)]['d?l?(r)] /?/ 发音组合：u o 代表单词: duck love [d?k] [l?v] [a:] 发音组合：ar ear al 代表单词：car heart half [kɑ?(r)][hɑ?rt][hɑ?f]
发音组合：oo aw ou ore au or ar 代表单词：door saw bought before naughty horse talk [d??(r)] [s??][b??t][b?'f??(r)]['n??t?][h??s][t??k] /?/ 发音组合：o 代表单词：dog [d?ɡ] [u:] 发音组合：oo ou u 代表单词：moon group ruler [mu?n][ɡru?p]['ru?l?(r)] /?/ 发音组合：oo u ou 代表单词：foot put should [f?t] [p?t][??d] （二）双元音 /e?/ 发音组合：ei a ai ay 代表单词：eight cake paid day [e?t] [ke?k] [pe?d][de?]
英语音标及字母组合对照 1.元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i） three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [ ? ] 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay） head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar
英语音标及字母组合对照 1.元音 [i:]字母组合:ee ea e ie ei ey ee:three[θri:] 三tree[tri:] 树green[gri?n] 绿色sheep[?i?p] 羊meet[mi?t]遇见bee[bi?]蜜蜂see[si:]看 ea: eat吃tea茶meat肉leave离开leaf树叶teacher教师speak说话clean干净的please 请 e: he他she她me我piece块receive收到 [ I ] [i]发音字母: i y e ui u ey i：sit [sit] 坐pig [piɡ] 猪big [biɡ] 大的it [it] 它is [iz] 是fish [fi?] 鱼busy ['b?z?] 忙的 y:many许多的happy 快乐的dictionary字典money钱 [ ? ]发音字母: a a：bag[[b?ɡ]]书包hand[h?nd]手happy['h?pi]快乐的hat[h?t]帽子map[m?p]地图bad[b?d]坏的black黑色back后面dad爸爸man男人at在 [e]字母组合: ea e a ai ea：head [hed]头bread[bred]面包bell[bel]钟leg[leg]腿egg[eg]蛋remember[ri'memb?]记得 e:Pen钢笔lesson功课better 更好的desk书桌hotel旅馆yes是 [З:] ?: 字母组合: ir ur ear er or ir：girl [ɡ?:l] 女孩shirt [???t] 衬衫skirt [sk?:t] 裙子thirty ['θ?:ti] 三十third [θ?:d] 第三bird [b??d] 小鸟ur:turn转动nurse护士turtle海龟Thursday 星期四 ear:learn学习earth地球er:term学期her她的or: work工作world世界 [?]字母组合er or ar o a ur er：teacher ['ti:t??] 教师remember [ri'memb?] 记得mother ['m?e?] 妈妈father ['fɑ:e?] 爸爸 or:doctor医生actor男演员author作家 ar:familiar熟悉的dollar美元panda熊猫picture图画together一起tomorrow明天today今天lesson功课around周围 a: ago以前的panda熊猫banana香蕉 [a:]字母组合: ar a au ar：car [kɑ:] 小汽车farm[fɑ:m] 农场laugh[lɑ:f] 笑park[pɑ:k] 公园star[stɑ:] 星 fast快速的class班级glass眼镜grass草aunt 姑妈 [?]发音字母: u o ou oo u：sun[s?n]太阳but[b?t]但是run[r?n]跑luck[l?k]运气cup[k?p]杯子bus[b?s] 公共汽车come 来mother妈妈love爱 ou: aboue上面的trouble烦恼 oo: blood血flood淹没 [?:]字母组合: al or au our ar oor a al：small[sm?:l]小的wall[w?:l] 墙壁talk[t?:k]讲tall[t?:l]高的ball[b??l]球walk[w??k]走or:short短的more更多的horse马for为了forty四十sport运动 au: author作家autumn秋天caught捉住 our:four四warm暧和的floor地面door门water水 [?][?] 发音字母: o a o：on[?n]在...上面hot[h?t]热的fox[f?ks]狐狸dog[d?ɡ]狗shop[??p]商店stop[st?p]停止 a:want想要wash洗watch看 [u:]字母组合: oo o u oe ui ue oo：food[fu:d]食物room[ru:m]房间tooth[tu:θ]牙齿school[sku:l]学校moon [mu:n]月球 o:do做two真实的 oe：shoe鞋true二blue蓝色ruler尺 [u]字母组合: u oo ou u：put[put] 放,摆full[ful] 全部push[pu?] 推 oo:look 看good好foot足book书wood木头 ou:should应该could能cook煮move 移动
英语音标发音表 英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。 国际音标（英语语音） 元音单元音 前元音[i:] [i] [e] [?] 中元音[?] [?:] [?] 后元音[u:] [u] [?: ] [?] [a:] 双元音 开合双元音[ei] [ai] [? i] [? u] [au] 集中双元音 [i ?] [ε ?] [u ?] 辅音爆破音 清辅音[p] [t] [k] 浊辅音[b] [d] [g] 摩擦音 清辅音[f] [s] [?] [θ] [h] 浊辅音[v] [z] [?] [e] 破擦音 清辅音 [t ?] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音[d[dr] [dz]
?] 鼻音（浊辅音）[m] [n] [?] 舌则音（浊辅音）[l] [r] 半元音（浊辅音）[w] [j] 48个国际音标的发音—元音： [i:] 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，露出微笑的表情，与字母E的发音相同。 [i] 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平。 [?:] 嘴形扁平，上下齿微开，舍身平放，舌中部稍稍抬高。 [?] 嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部微微抬起，口腔自然放松发声。 [?:] 双唇收得小而圆，并向前突出，舌身往后缩。 [?] 口腔打开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍收圆。 [u:] 嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。 [u] 嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些，舌头后缩。 [ɑ:] 口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，放松发音。[?] 嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起。 [?] 嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿。 [e] 嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。 [ei] 由[e]和[i]两个单音组成，[e]重读，[i]轻读，口形由半开到合，字母A就发这个音。 [ai] 由[a]和[i]两个单音组成，[a]重读，[i]轻读，口形由开到合，与字母I的发音相同。
[i:] 发这个音的字母及组合e ea ee ie ei i ey e: me she he we evening ee: sweet bee sheep see three ea: meat leaf sea teach eat ie: piece ei: receive ceiling i: police ey: key [i] 发这个音的字母及组合a i e y ey ay u ui a: village comrad e orange i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy carry sunny ey: monkey money ay: Sunday Saturday Friday u: busy business ui: buil d [?:] 发这个音的字母及组合er ir ur ear or our er: her serve term ir: bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur: nurse Thursday turtl e purpl e curtain ear: early learn or: word work worl d our: journey [?] 发这个音的字母及组合ure er ar or ou re a e i o u ure: picture er: teacher brother dinner father sister ar: sugar d ollar or: d octor actor
1 元音: [i：] [i] [A] [e] [[：] [[] [a：] [Q] [R：] [R] [U：] [U] [ei] [ai] [aU] [EU] [Ri] [i[] [Z[] [UE] 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [i] 发音字母i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [] 发音字母a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [] 发音字母u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) []字母组合al or au our ar aw small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter draw saw flaw 10) [] 发音字母o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash 11) [u:] 字母组合oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full 12) [u] 字母组合oo ou u o look good foot book should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) [ai] 发音字母i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) [au] 字母组合ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) [εu] 发音字母o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) [] 字母组合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) [iε] 字母组合eer beer deer ear idea near here fierce 19) [] 字母组合ear air pear bear chair air fair care there where 20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower
元音 [i:] （长音衣）发这个音的字母及组合e ea ee ie ei i ey e: me she he we evening ee: sweet bee sheep see three ea: meat leaf sea teach eat ie: piece ei: receive ceiling i: police ey: key [i] （短音衣）发这个音的字母及组合a i e y ey ay u ui a: village comrade orange i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy carry sunny ey: monkey money ay: Sunday Saturday Friday u: busy business ui: build [?:] （长音饿）发这个音的字母及组合er ir ur ear or our er: her serve term ir: bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur: nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain ear: early learn or: word work world our: journey [?] （短音饿）发这个音的字母及组合ure er ar or ou re a e i o u ure: picture er: teacher brother dinner father sister
英语国际音标表（48个） 1.元音（20个） 长元音：/ɑ:/ /?:/ / ?:/ /i:/ /U:/ 短元音：/ ?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/ 双元音：/e?/ /??/ /a?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ 2.辅音（28个） 清辅音：/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ / h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ 浊辅音：/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /d?/ /dz/ /dr/ / r/ 鼻音：/m/ /n/ /?/ 半元音：/ j/ / w/ 边音：/ ?/ 英语音标及字母组合对照 1.元音: 1) [ ? ] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 2) [a:] 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 3) [e] 字母组合 ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay） head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 4) [ ? ] 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 5) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 6) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i） three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling
[i:]（长音一）发这个音的字母及组合e ea ee ie ei i ey eo e: me She he We :evening ee: SWeet bee SheeP See three ea: meat Ieaf Sea teach eat ie: PieCe ei: receive Ceiling i: POIiCe ey: key eo: PeOPle [i]（短音一）发这个音的字母及组合a i e y ey ay u Ui a: VilIage COmrade Orange i: Pig fish in fifteen SiX ShiP e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy CarrY SUnnY ey: monkey money ay: SUnday SatUrday Friday u: busy business
ui: build
[θ:]（长音呃）发这个音的字母及组合er Ur ear Or OUr er: her SerVe term ir: bird girl Skirt first dirty ur: nurse ThUrSdaV turtle PUrPle ear: early Iearll or: WOrd Work WOrld our: journey [θ]（短音呃）发这个音的字母及组合Ure er ar Or OU re ure: PiCtUre SUre er: teacher brother dinner father ar: SUgar dollar or: doctor actor re: metre Centre ou: delicious gracious a: Panda about Camera SOfa China e: OPen hundred Candidate
在这几年的英语课堂实践调研中发现，广大教师重视元音字母及字母组合的读音和拼写，忽视引导学生总结辅音字母及字母组合的读音规则。其实二者兼顾，才能真正减轻学生学习英语的负担，提高学习效率。本人这些年来搜集积累了一些辅音字母及字母组合的读音规则，现呈现给广大一线教师，愿与大家共同分享。 一、字母c在单词中的两种发音 1. 当字母c 在e i y前面的时候，c发/s/， city, cinch, center, cease, cycle, certain, cent, cell, cite, ceiling 2. 而其他情况下，c就发/k/的音。 can, act, cup, club, credit, cream 二、wh 的发音 在一般情况下，wh后面跟的是字母o的时候，wh发/h/的音，例如：wholly，who, whose, whoever 而当wh后面是其它元音的时候发/w/的音。where which wheat what, white, when, 三、以mb结尾的单词，结尾的b都是不发音的 例如：tomb dumb bomb comb lamb climb 结尾的b不发音 四、字母组合kn 的读音 当kn字母组合出现在词首的时候，k是不发音的。 比如说：knock knee know kneel knot knowledge 五、字母L的发音 （1）字母L在元音字母A之后，而且是在辅音字母F或V之前，也就是alf 或alv 这样组合的时侯L 经常不发音。例如：calf 小牛half 一半behalf 利益halve 平分 （2）当字母l在元音字母a或o之后且位于辅音字母k或m之前时， L 通常是不发音的， folk 人们；yolk 蛋黄；calm 平静；palm手掌；Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩(瑞典首都)
英语音标极其对应字母1.辅音 (1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push (2) [b] book big boot bike bread break (3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city (4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary (5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) school schedule schema (字母组合ch) ^ (6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language (7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb (8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean (9) [?] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening (10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul (11) [r] read red right run room write (12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone ） (13) [v] very evening even every voice vest (14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) (15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose (16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth (17) [e] that this those these though (18) [?] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station ^ social special sure (19) [??] pleasure (20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who (21) [w] when what where window wind wood (22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow (23) [t?] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach (字母组合ch） catch watch match （字母组合tch) (24) [d?] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk … (25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk (26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink (27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts (28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods 2.容易混淆的辅音 (1) [v] [w] vest-west vet-wet vine-wine very-well (2) [s] [θ] sink-think mass-math miss-myth sort-sought (3) [z] [e] @ close-cloth breeze-breathe (4) [n] [?]
字母及字母组合发音规律总结 单元音 1)[i:]字母组合:ee ea e ie ei thr ee[θr i:]tr ee[tr i:]m ee t[m i:t]b ee f[b i:f]s ee k [s i:k] ea t[i:t]t ea[t i:]m ea t[m i:t]l ea ve[l i:v]sp ea k[sp i:k] h e[h i:]sh e[?i:]m e[m i:] p i ece[p i:s]rece i ve[ri's i:v]ce i ling['s i:li?] 2)[i]发音字母i y e ey s i t[s i t]p i cture['p i kt??]l i sten['l i s?n]m i x[m i ks]f i x [f i ks]m i ss[m i s] m y th[m iθ]man y['men i]happ y['h?p i]d i ctionar y ['d i k??n?r i] d e fect[d i'fekt]d e cide[d i'said]d e l i cious[d i'l i??s] 3)[?]发音字母a ai a ctress['?ktris]h a ppy['h?pi] b a d[b?d]bl a ck[bl?k] gl a d[ɡl?d] 4)[e]字母组合ea e a h ea d[h e d]br ea d[br e d]pl ea sure['pl e??]m a ny['m e ni]
a ny['e ni] e lephant['e lif?nt]el e ctric[i'l e ktrik]s e ll[s e l]l e sson ['l e s?n] 5)[?:]字母组合ir ur ear ur or g ir l[ɡ?:l]sh ir t[??:t]sk ir t[sk?:t]b ir d[b?:d] t ur n[t?:n]b ur n[b?:n]m ur der['m?:d?]n ur se[n?:s] l ea rn[l?:n]ear n[?:n]ear th[?:θ]h ear d[h?:d] t er m[t?:m]h er[h?:]n er d[n?:d]s er ve[s?:v] w or k[w?:k]w or m[w?:m]w or k[w?:k]w or ld[w?:ld] 6)[?]字母组合er or ou ar o a e u lead er['li:d?]play er['plei?]speak er['spi:k?]farm er ['fɑ:m?] act or['?kt?]may or['mε?]auth or['?:θ?]tract or['tr?kt?] Delici ou s[di'li??s]graci ou s['ɡrei??s] f a mili ar[f?'milj?]coll ar['k?l?]doll ar['d?l?] t o day[t?'dei]shall o p['??l?p]p o lite[p?'lait]a round [?'raund]a go[?'ɡ?u] mant a['m?nt?]b a nan a[b?'nɑ:n?]famul u s['f?mjul?s] 7)[a:]字母组合ar a c ar[kɑ:]f ar m[fɑ:m]c ar d[kɑ:d]ar m[ɑ:m]g ar den