2018-2019学年吉林省长春外国语学校第二学期高一年级开学考试试卷与答案

长春外国语学校2018-2019学年第二学期学初考试高三年级地理试卷第Ⅰ卷下图示意某地区土地利用在垂直方向上变化的情况，其农业景观描述如下图。

据此完成1～2题。

1．该山地可能位于A．阿尔卑斯山地区B．印度半岛东部 C．南非东部 D．南美北部2．图中海拔2 000米以下地区的主要农业地域类型是A．地中海农业 B．水稻种植业 C．种植园农业 D．混合农业某年3月至5月，长江中下游地区降水异常偏少，出现严重旱情，但进入6月，强降水持续，一些地区遭遇严重洪涝灾害，旱涝转换之快非常罕见，也就是常说的“久旱逢暴霖”。

据此完成3～4题。

3．长江中下游地区“旱涝急转”的主要原因是A．人工增雨效果明显 B．三峡大坝放水影响C．大气环流变化显著 D．季风气候正常反应4．既能防洪又能抗旱的措施是①植树造林②修建水库③疏浚河道④退耕还湖⑤打机井A．①②③ B．①②④C．②③④ D．③④⑤2017年8月8日至10日，我国外交部长王毅从北京出发，对塞拉利昂、利比里亚、几内亚三国进行正式访问。

读图完成5～6题。

5．若本次访问按照最短距离飞行，则可能没有经过的自然带是A．热带雨林带B．亚热带常绿阔叶林带C．温带草原带D．热带荒漠带6．据测算，几内亚西部沿海地区单位面积植物生产量高于其东部地区，其影响因素可能为A．西南风从海洋吹来B．沿海海域有寒流流经C．纬度较高，光照不足D．多地势低平的滩涂下图为黄河三角洲生态经济区分布示意图。

据此回答7～9题。

7．近年来，黄河三角洲生长速度减慢，主要原因最有可能是A．黄河水流变得更加湍急B．黄河中上游的水土保持工作得到加强C．海潮的顶托作用变强D．黄河大堤的加固8．监测和分析该经济区土地利用结构的变化，最有效的地理信息技术手段有A．RS B．RS和GISC．GPS D．GPS和GIS9．与长江三角洲相比，黄河三角洲生态经济区发展的优势条件不包括A．后备土地资源丰富 B．劳动力成本低C．产业基础雄厚 D．石油、海盐资源丰富下图为40°N纬线海平面以下地壳部分岩层示意图。

2018-2019年最新长春外国语学校自主招生考试英语模拟精品试卷（第一套）考试时间：120分钟总分：150分第I卷（选择题，共100分）第一节：单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分）1. —When did the terrible earthquake in YaNan happen?—It happened ________ the morning of April 20, 2013.A. onB. atC. inD. /2. Our teacher told us ________ too much noise in class.A. to makeB. makeC. not to makeD. not make3. Here is your hat. Don’t forget______ when you __________.A. to put it on, leaveB. to wear it, leaveC. to wear it, will leaveD. putting it on, will leave4. The baby is sleeping. You _____ make so much noise.A. won’tB. mustn’tC. may notD. needn’t5. Since you are _____ trouble, why not ask _________ help?A. in, forB. in, toC. with, forD. with, to6. It’s about___________kilometers from Nanchong to Chengdu.A. two hundredsB. two hundreds ofC. two hundredD. two hundred of7. It is six years since my dear uncle ________China.A. leftB. has leftC. is leftD. had left8. —How long _______ you _______ the bicycle?—About two weeks.A. have, hadB. have, boughtC. did, buyD. have, have9. The Yellow River is not so ________ as the Yangtze River.A. longerB. longC. longestD. a long10. Mrs.Green usually goes shopping with ________ umbrella in ________ summer.A. a；theB. an； /C. the； aD. /；/11. At first, I was not too sure if he could answer the question. However, ____,he worked it out at last with the help of his friend.A. to my angerB. to my surpriseC. in other wordsD. ina word12. —Must I stay here with you?—No, you ______.You may go home, but you _____ go to the net bar (网吧).A. mustn't; needn'tB. needn't; mustn'tC. must; needD. need; must13. I ______ the newspaper while my mother _____TV plays yesterday evening.A. was reading; was watchingB. was reading; watchedC. read; was watchingD. read; would watch14. It's a rule in my class that our classroom ________ before 6：00 p. m.every day.A. be able to cleanB. should be cleaningC. must cleanD. must be cleaned15. —Tom wants to know if you ________ a picnic next Sunday.—Yes. But if it ________， we'll visit the museum instead.A. will have; will rainB. have; rainsC. have; will rainD. will have; rains16.—Would you mind looking after my dog while I'm on holiday?—________.A. Of course notB. Yes. I'd be happy toC. Not at all. I've no timeD. Yes, please17. Many students didn’t realize the importance of study _______they left school.A. whenB. untilC. afterD. unless18. My father _______ to Shanghai. He _______ for over 2 months.A. has been, has leftB. has gone, has goneC. has gone, has been awayD. has been, has gone19. They are your skirts. Please __________.A. put it awayB. put out itC. put them awayD. put them out20. —Please read every sentence carefully. you are,mistakes you’llmake.—Thank you for your advice.A. The more carefully; the fewerB. The more careful; the lessC. The more carefully; the lessD. The more careful; the fewer21. My friend is coming today but he didn’t tell me _______.A. when did the train arriveB. how did the train arriveC. when the train arrivedD. how the train arrived22. I felt it hard to keep up with my classmate s. But whenever I wantto _______, my teacher always encourages me to work harder.A. go onB. give upC. run awayD. give back23. —________ fine weather it is today!—Let's go for a picnic.A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. How a24.— Mary, you’re going to buy an apartment here, aren’t you?—Yes, but I can’t_______an expensive one.A. spendB. costC. payD. afford25. —Would you like to drink coffee or milk?—_________. Please give me some tea.A. NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. None第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）(A)Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.Maybe your schoolbag is too __26__ to carry, and it troubles you a lot __27__ you want to find a book out to read. Now an e­textbook will __28__ you.It is said that e­textbooks are going to be __29__ in Chinese middle schools.An e­textbook, in fact, is a small __30__ for students.It is much __31__ than a usual schoolbag and easy to carry. Though it is as small as a book, it can __32__ all the materials (材料) for study.The students can read the text page by page on the __33__， take notes with the pointer (屏写笔). Or even “__34__” their homework to their teachers by sending e­mails. All they have to do is to press a button.Some people say e­textbooks are good, but some say they may be __35__ for the students' eyes. What do you think of it?26.A.light B. heavy C. useful D. comfortable27.A.till B. after C. before D. when28.A.trouble B. prevent C. help D. understanded B. kept C. invented D. lent B. radio C. pen D. computer31.A.heavier B. lighter C. cheaper D. brighter32.A.hold B. build C. discover D. practice33.A.blackboard B. desk C. screen D. card34.A.find out B. hand in C. get back D. give back35.A.helpful B. famous C. good D. bad(B)Food is very important. Everyone needs to _36_ _well if he/she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is__ 37 __.We begin to get a knowledge even when we are very young. Small children are __38__ in everything around them. They learn __39 __while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to ___ 40__ story books, science books…anything they like. When they find something new, they have to ask questions and__41___ to find out the answers.What is the best ___42___to get knowledge? If we learn___43___ourselves, we will get the most knowledge, If we are__44___getting answers from others and don’t ask why, we will never learn more and understand___45_.36. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat37. A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat38. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. meat39. A. everybody B. something C. nothing D. anything40. A. lend B. write C. think D. read41. A. try B. wait C. think D. need42. A. place B. school C. way D. road43. A. in B. always C. to D. by44. A. seldom B. always C. certainly D. sometimes45.A.harder B. much C. well D. better第三节：阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分）AFamous Museums_______ .A. BeijingB. LondonC. New YorkD. The USA47. New York Museum is America’s largest museum on American__________.A. areaB. historyC. collectionsD. buildings48. The Palace Museum. Which is in the center of Beijing, is also called“Forbidden City(紫禁城)” in China. It lies in __________.A.Chang’an StreetB. New Oxford StreetC. BerlingD. Chestnut Street49. According to the form, if you want to see ancient Chinese collections,you can visit ____ at most.A. one museumB. two museumsC. three museumsD. four museums50. Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above?A. Each ticket for the Palace Museum costs the same in the whole year.B. You don’t have to pay for tickets if you visit New York Museum on Monday.C. British Museum lies in Chestnut street, London.D. New York Museum is the largest in the world.BIn recent years, more and more people like to keep pets such as a dog, a cat, a monkey and other animals. But usually people would accept tame(温顺的) and loyal(忠诚的) animals as pets rather than dangerous ones such as a lion，a tiger or a snake.People love pets and take good care of them. The owners usually regard pets as good friends and some even consider them as members of the family. Although they are not human beings(人类), their behavior sometimes is better than human beings, for they are always loyal to their owners. There are always many stories about brave and smart pets. We often hear that a pet dog saved the owner's life or traveled thousands of miles to return home. Such stories often make pets more lovely.Some pets can also be trained to help people with some special work. For example, trained dogs can help the blind to walk and trained dogs and pigs can even help police to find where drugs are easily.But pets are sometimes trouble-makers. Some pets like dogs or snakes may hurt people without any warning. Some people may become ill after being hurt because of the virus carried by the pets. If they are not taken good care of, they will become very dirty and easily get ill. So pets are helpful to us but keeping pets is not an easy job.51. What animals are thought to be dangerous as pets?A. Cats.B. Dogs.C. Snakes.D. Monkeys52. Which of the following statements is TRUE about pets?A. All the pets are considered as family members.B. Pets always behave better than human beings.C. Sometimes some pets can protect their owners.D. Pets like traveling far away from home.53. Why do people train pets according to the passage?A. To make them more clever.B. To make them more lovely.C. To find drugs for the blind.D. To do some special work.54. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Pets often hurt strange people.B. Pets can live well with the virus.C. Pets are dirty and dangerous.D. Pets should be looked after well.55. What is the best title for the passage?A. Training Pets.B. Keeping Pets.C. Cleaning Pets.D.Loving Pets.CFrom Feb. 8 to Mar. 1 is our winter holiday. I think everybody did a lot in the holiday. But it seems that I did nothing and it was my most unlucky holiday.I spent a lot of time on my homework. Every morning my mother woke me up early and I had breakfast in a hurry. Then I had to do my homework almost the whole day! I’m not a very slow person but the homework was too heavy!I was also unlucky when playing. During the Spring Festival, I played fireworks but my finger was hurt because I was careless to light the fireworks. I began to fear playing with fireworks from then.I was still unlucky on my friend’s party. On my friend’s birthday, unusually I woke up at 10:50 because my parents went to visit my grandmother early in the morning. The party would start in 10 minutes! So I hurried to my friend’s home without breakfast. I returned very late that day and when I got home, my parents were very angry with me.Another worrying thing was my weight. Last term, I was 46 kg but nowI am 51 kg! I have to consider losing weight!56. How long did the winter holiday last?A. two monthsB. one monthC. 4 weeksD. 22 days57. The writer got up early every day during the holiday because ______.A. he had to finish homeworkB. he had to have breakfastC. he was a very slow personD. his mother was in a hurry58. He hurt his finger because of ________.A. the Spring FestivalB. his carelessnessC. the light of fireworksD. his fear of playing59. Why were the writer’s parents angry with him?A. Because he got up too late.B. Because he missed breakfast.C. Because he was late for the party.D. Because he came back home too late.60. What did the writer want to tell us in the passage?A. He had an unlucky holiday.B. He had too much homework.C. His parents were very strict.D. He planned to lose weight.DSteven Jobs, the designer of Apple Computer, was not clever when he was in school.At that time, he was not a good student and he always made troubles with his schoolmates.When he went into college, he didn't change a lot.Then he dropped out.But he was full of new ideas.After he left college, Steven Jobs worked as a video game designer.He worked there for only se­veral months and then he went to India.He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a change in life.Steven Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.In 1975, he began to make a new type of computer.He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage.He chose the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden.His Apple Computer was such a great success that Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.61.Steven Jobs was not a good student in school because he ________.A. never did his lessonsB. was full of new ideasC. always made troubles with his schoolmatesD. dropped out62.Did Steven Jobs finish college?A. Yes, he did.B. No, he didn't.C. No, he didn't go into college.D. We don't know.63.Steven Jobs designed his new computer ______.A. in IndiaB. with his friendC. in a pear tree gardenD. by himself64.Steven Jobs is famous for his ________ all over the world.A. new ideasB. appleC. Apple ComputerD. video games65.From this passage we know ________.A. Steven Jobs didn't finish his studies in the college because he hatedhis schoolmatesB. Steven Jobs liked traveling in India and CaliforniaC. Steven Jobs liked trying new things and making new ideas become trueD. Steven Jobs could only design video gamesEIf you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don't, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends. Let them find you. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches .Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don't just walk away .Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk in order to go back again easily.66.If you get lost in the forest, you should ________.A. walk around the forest to find your friendsB. stay in one place and give signalsC. climb up a tree and wait for your friends quietlyD. shout as loudly as possible67.Which signal is a call for help?A. Shouting one time as loudly as you can.B. Crying twice.C. Shouting or whistling three times together.D. Whistling everywhere in the forest.68.When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you know that ________.A. someone finds something interestingB. people will come and help youC. someone needs helpD. something terrible will happen69.Before night comes, you should try to make a little house with ________.A. stoneB. earthC. leaves and grassD. branches70.Which of the following is the best title?A. Getting Water in the ForestB. Spending the Night in the ForestC. Surviving (生存) in the ForestD. Calling for Help in the Forest 第四节：补全对话，从方框内7个选项中选择恰当的5个句子完成此对话(共5分)John: Hi, Karl. You were not here, in your class yesterday afternoon. What was wrong?Karl: 71________John: Sorry to hear that.72Karl: Much better. The fever is gone. But I still cough and I feel weak. John: 73Karl: Yes, I have. I went to the doctor’s yesterday afternoon. The doctor gave me some medicine and asked me to stay in bed for a few days. John: 74Karl: Because I’m afraid I’ll miss more lessons and I’ll be left behind. John: Don’t worry. Take care of yourself. 75第Ⅱ卷（非选择题,共50分）一、根据句意及所给提示，补全单词或用单词、固定短语、固定搭配的正确形式填空(10分)76. Many athletes won gold medals in the Olympics, they are our national h_____.77. Tom didn’t finish _____________( write) his test because he ran out of the time.78. The girl is making a model doll ___________ (care).79. The boy felt __________(困倦的) in class because he stayed up late last night.80. So Terrible! The airplane ______________(起飞) five minutes ago.81.I don't think students should be（允许）to bring mobile phones to school.82.I find it useless to spend much time（解释）it to him.83. She prefers keeping silent to（争吵）with others.84. It is important for us to be（有信心的）of doing everything.85. The doctor operated on the patient（成功）yesterday.二、汉译英, 一空一词（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）86. 他默默地在雨中行走，浑身上下都被淋湿。

【题文】假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将从广州出发到北京进行为期一周的旅游，发邮件请你推荐合适的交通方式及北京的景点。

请你回复邮件，内容包括：1.推荐从广州到北京的交通方式；2.推荐两到三处北京景点；3.表达祝愿。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Terry,Knowing that you’re going to Beijing for vacation, I’m more than pleased to give you some advice._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __YoursLi Hua 【答案】Dear Terry,Knowing that you’re going to Beijing for vacation, I’m more than pleased to give you some advice.I suggest taking the high-speed train to Beijing from Guangzhou. For one thing, it’s comfortable and convenient. For another, you can enjoy the wonderful scenery along the way.After you arrive in Beijing, the first place I recommend you to go is the Great Wall. As a symbol of ancient Chinese civilization, it is one of the world’s oldest and most magnificentman-made scenes. The next place of interest you cannot miss is the Summer Palace, which is the largest and best-preserved royal garden in the world.May you have an unforgettable tourist experience!Yours,Li Hua 【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。

吉林省长春外国语学校2018-2019学年高一英语下学期第二次月考试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分,共12 页。

考试结束后,将答题卡交回。

注意事项：1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内做答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸, 试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第I卷I. 听力（共两节, 满分 20 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1分,满分5分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How much do the pants cost?A. $20.B. $30.C. $40.2. Which place does the woman like most?A. The Great Wall.B. The Palace Museum.C. The Summer Palace.3. How did the man go to the match?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.4. What did the man do this afternoon?A. He visited Susan.B. He watched a movie.C. He did his homework.5. Where are the speakers?A. At a restaurant.B. At a flower shop.C. At a concert.第二节：（共 15 小题；每小题 1分,满分 15 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。

吉林省长春市外国语学校2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共12页。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第Ⅰ卷I. 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man want?A. A leather suit.B. A piece of leather.C. A pair of leather shoes.2. Who was absent from dinner last night?A. Robert.B. George.C. Kate.3. How often does the woman eat out?A. Five times a month.B. Four times a week.C. Five times a week.4. How much will the woman pay?A. $9.B. $6.C. $3.5. Which program does the woman want to watch?A. A movie.B. A fashion show.C. International news. 第二节：（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。

吉林省长春外国语学校2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷I. 听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man want?A. A leather suit.B. A piece of leather.C. A pair of leather shoes.2. Who was absent from dinner last night?A. Robert.B. George.C. Kate.3. How often does the woman eat out?A. Five times a month.B. Four times a week.C. Five times a week.4. How much will the woman pay?A. $9.B. $6.C. $3.5. Which program does the woman want to watch?A. A movie.B. A fashion show.C. International news.第二节：（共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5 分）听下面5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. What made the girl sick?A. The nightmares.B. The plane trip.C. Visiting the Palace.7. Where does the conversation take place?A. In London.B. In New York.C. In San Francisco.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

吉林省长春外国语学校2018-2019学年高一语文下学期期中试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分，共12页。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第Ⅰ卷一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3小题。

风格乃文学之大体郭宏安《列子》中讲到，秦穆公要找一匹千里马，伯乐推荐的九方皋，说马已找到，是一匹黄色的母马，而秦穆公看到的是一匹黑色的公马，秦穆公不悦，伯乐则大喜，说，九方皋相马，“得其精而忘其粗，见其内而忘其外，见其所见，不见其所不见；视其所视，而遗其所不视”。

事实证明，这匹马果然是匹千里马。

这个故事让我想到文学翻译和翻译批评，当我们对文学译本进行欣赏和评判时，难道不应该力争做一个九方皋那样的人吗？“得其精而忘其粗，见其内而忘其外”，所求者，此之谓也。

从事文学翻译以及翻译批评的人，能够从九方皋身上获得的启发是：判断译本的优劣，就要看它是否表现了原作的精气神，而不只是看译本的语句词汇是否与原作一一对应，是否严格正确、准确或精确。

所谓原作的精气神乃是其“原有的风味”（钱钟书语），即风格。

风格者何？岂非“绝尘弭迹”者乎！译作传达原作的风格做到铢两悉称，是不可能的，但是尽力传达，努力做到惟妙惟肖，则是可能的，这就要求译者准确地感觉、体会到原作的风格，并且能够用汉语加以正确表达，这是一个由感性到理性的过程，也是全面落实“信、达、雅”的结果。

2018-2019学年吉林省长春外国语学校高一下学期期中考试数学试题一、单选题1．设集合,,则()A．B．C．D．【答案】D【解析】先化简集合，再和集合求交集，即可得出结果.【详解】因为，又，所以.故选D【点睛】本题主要考查集合的交集，熟记概念即可，属于基础题型.2．＝()A．B．C．D．【答案】D【解析】根据诱导公式，以及特殊角所对应的三角函数值，即可求出结果.【详解】因为.故选D【点睛】本题主要考查三角函数的值，熟记诱导公式即可，属于基础题型.3．等差数列中,,则（）A．B．C．D．【答案】A【解析】由等差数列的前项和公式，结合等差数列的性质，即可求出结果.【详解】因为等差数列中,,所以，即，因此.故选A 【点睛】本题主要考查等差数列的性质，熟记等差数列的性质以及前项和公式，即可求解，属于基础题型. 4．有4个式子：①；②；③；④；其中正确的个数为( ) A ． B ．C ．D ．【答案】C【解析】根据向量的数乘运算，可判断①②；根据相反向量可判断③；由向量的数量积可判断④. 【详解】由向量乘以实数仍然为向量，所以，故①正确，②错误； 由，所以，即③正确；由，得不一定成立，故④错误.故选C 【点睛】本题主要考查平面向量的数乘、相反向量以及向量的数量积，熟记概念即可，属于常考题型.5．在ABC ∆中，已知40,20,60b c C ==∠= ，则此三角形的解的情况是（ ） A ．有一解 B ．有两解C ．无解D ．有解但解的情况不确定 【答案】C【解析】分析：利用正弦定理列出关系式，将,,sin b c C 的值代入求出sin B 的值，即可做出判断. 详解：在ABC ∆中，40,20,60b c C ===，∴由正弦定理sin sin b cB C=，得40sin 2sin 120b CB c===>，则此时三角形无解，故选C.点睛：本题主要考查正弦定理在解三角形中的应用，属于中档题.正弦定理是解三角形的有力工具，其常见用法有以下三种：（1）知道两边和一边的对角，求另一边的对角（一定要注意讨论钝角与锐角）；（2）知道两角与一个角的对边，求另一个角的对边；（3）证明化简过程中边角互化；（4）求三角形外接圆半径.6．在中,若,则（）A．B．C．D．【答案】D【解析】根据余弦定理，即可求出结果.【详解】因为，所以，由余弦定理可得，因此.故选D【点睛】本题主要考查解三角形，熟记余弦定理即可，属于基础题型.7．要得到函数的图象，只要将函数的图象（）A．向左平移个单位B．向右平移个单位C．向左平移个单位D．向右平移个单位【答案】D【解析】由函数图像的平移变换规律：左加右减即可得答案．【详解】，故要得到的图象，只需将函数的图象向右平移个单位，故选：D．【点睛】本题考查三角函数图象的平移变换，该类题目要注意平移方向及平移对象． 8．在中，,则的值为（ ） A ．B ．C ．D ．±【答案】B 【解析】先由判断的正负，再求出的值，即可得出结果. 【详解】 因为在中，,所以，因此，又，所以.故选B 【点睛】本题主要考查三角恒等变换，熟记二倍角公式、同角三角函数基本关系即可，属于基础题型.9．已知()162a b a b a ==-=，，，则向量a 与向量b 的夹角是（ ）A ．6πB ．4πC ．3πD ．2π【答案】C【解析】试题分析：由条件得22a b a ⋅-=，所以223cos 16cos a b a a b αα⋅=+==⋅=⨯⨯，所以1cos 2α=，即3πα=． 【考点】向量的数量积运算． 10．在中，，则这个三角形一定是( )A ．等腰三角形B ．直角三角形C ．等腰直角三角形D ．等腰或直角三角形【答案】A【解析】在△ABC 中，，由正弦定理可得：，即.又. 所以，即.有.所以△ABC为等腰三角形.故选A.11．在数列中，（）,则该数列的前10项和为（）A．B．C．D．【答案】B【解析】先由题意得到数列为等差数列，根据等差数列前项和，即可得出结果. 【详解】因为在数列中，（），所以数列是以2为公差的等差数列，又，所以，故，因此，该数列的前10项和为.故选B【点睛】本题主要考查等差数列的基本运算，熟记等差数列的通项公式以及前项和公式即可，属于常考题型.12．函数在一个周期内的图象如图，此函数的解析式为A．B．C．D．【答案】A【解析】由函数的图象可得函数的最大值为2，最小值为–2，故有A=2．再由函数的周期性可得，解得ω=2，∴y=2sin（2x+φ）．把点（–，2）代入函数的解析式可得2sin[2×（–）+φ]=2，∴2×（–）+φ=2kπ+，k∈Z，解得φ=2kπ+，k∈Z．故函数的解析式为y=2sin（2x+2kπ+），k∈Z，考查四个选项，只有A符合题意．故选A．二、填空题13．在等差数列中，，则________．【答案】2【解析】由，结合题中条件，即可得出结果.【详解】因为在等差数列中，，所以，即.故答案为2【点睛】本题主要考查等差中项的问题，熟记概念即可，属于基础题型.14．在中，已知，是方程的两个实根，则___________.【答案】-7【解析】试题分析：，，.【考点】三角恒等变换．15．已知，，则_______．【答案】【解析】先由题意求出，再由两角差的正弦公式即可得出结果.【详解】因为，，所以，因此.故答案为【点睛】本题主要考查三角恒等变换，给值求值问题，熟记两角差的正弦公式即可，属于基础题型.16．一个扇形的面积为1，周长为4，则这个扇形的圆心角为__________．【解析】解：设这个扇形的圆心角为，则利用已知条件可知，4=r+2r,1=1/2r 2联立方程组可知=2三、解答题 17．已知，求 （1）的值； （2）的值.【答案】【解析】试题分析：由的值求得的值，（1）中利用两角和的正切公式展开，代入即可求值；（2）中将分式的分子分母同除以，将其转化为用表达的式子，代入求值试题解析：（1）∵tan ="2," ∴；所以=；（2）由（1），tanα=－, 所以==．【考点】二倍角公式及同角间的三角函数关系式18．已知平面向量，.（1）若⊥ ，求x 的值； （2）若∥ ，求|-|. 【答案】（1）或（2）|-|=||=||【解析】（1）由⊥，•0，构造一个关于x 的方程，解方程即可求出满足条件的x 的值．（2）若∥，根据两个向量平行，构造一个关于x 的方程，解方程求出x 的值后，分类讨论后，即可得到||．（1）∵⊥，∴•（1，x）•（2x+3，﹣x）＝2x+3﹣x2＝0整理得：x2﹣2x﹣3＝0解得：x＝﹣1，或x＝3（2）∵∥∴1×（﹣x）﹣x（2x+3）＝0即x（2x+4）＝0解得x＝﹣2，或x＝0当x＝﹣2时，（1，﹣2），（﹣1，2）（2，﹣4）∴||＝2当x＝0时，（1，0），（3，0）（﹣2，0）∴||＝2故||的值为2或2．【点睛】本题考查了判断两个平面向量的垂直关系的转化，向量的模，平行向量与共线向量的概念及公式，考查了向量的坐标运算，属于基础题．19．已知、、为的三内角，且其对边分别为、、，若．（1）求角的大小；（2）若，求的面积．【答案】（1）；（2）.【解析】（1）已知等式左边利用两角差的余弦函数公式化简，求出的值，确定出的度数，即可求出的度数；（2）利用余弦定理列出关系式，再利用完全平方公式变形，将与的值代入求出的值，再由的值，利用三角形面积公式即可求出三角形的面积.【详解】(1)∵cos B cos C－sin B sin C＝，∴cos(B＋C)＝.∵A＋B＋C＝π，∴cos(π－A)＝.∴cos A＝－.又∵0<A<π，∴A＝.(2)由余弦定理，得a2＝b2＋c2－2bc·cos A.则(2)2＝(b＋c)2－2bc－2bc·cos.∴12＝16－2bc－2bc·(－)．∴bc＝4.∴S△ABC＝bc·sin A＝×4×＝.【点睛】本题主要考查余弦定理、特殊角的三角函数以及三角形面积公式的应用，属于中档题.对余弦定理一定要熟记两种形式：（1）；（2），同时还要熟练掌握运用两种形式的条件.另外，在解与三角形、三角函数有关的问题时，还需要记住等特殊角的三角函数值，以便在解题中直接应用.20．记为等差数列的前项和，已知.（1）求的通项公式（2）求，并求的最小值【答案】(1) ；(2) ，最小值.【解析】（1）设等差数列的公差为，根据题意求出，进而可得出通项公式；（2）根据等差数列的前项和公式先求出，再由得到范围，进而可得出结果.【详解】（1）因为数列为等差数列，设公差为，由可得，即，所以；（2）因为为等差数列的前项和，所以，由得，所以当时，取最小值，且最小值为.【点睛】本题主要考查等差数列，熟记通项公式以及前项和公式即可，属于常考题型.21．已知函数（1）求函数的最小正周期及单调递增区间；（2）求在区间的最大值和最小值.【答案】(1)最小正周期为；单调增区间；(2) 最大值2最小值-1 【解析】（1）先化简整理，结合正弦函数的周期性以及单调性，即可求出结果；（2）先由，得到，由正弦函数的性质得到，进而可得出结果.【详解】（1）因为，所以最小正周期为；由得，即单调递增区间为；（2）因为，所以，所以，故，即函数在区间的最大值为2，最小值为-1.【点睛】本题主要考查正弦型三角函数的性质，熟记正弦函数的性质即可，属于常考题型. 22．在中，角所对的边分别是，且（1）求证: 为直角三角形；（2），求的取值范围.【答案】(1)见详解；(2).【解析】（1）根据正弦定理，将化简整理，即可得出结果；（2）先由二倍角公式，将化为二次函数的形式，用换元法令，得到关于的二次函数，根据角的范围，求出的范围，再结合二次函数的单调性，即可得出结果.【详解】（1）因为，所以，即，因为角为三角形内角，所以角，故，即角，为直角，所以为直角三角形；（2）因为，所以，令，由（1）可知，所以，所以，因此在上单调递减；在上单调递增；故，，又，所以.故的取值范围.【点睛】本题主要考查三角形形状的判定以及函数的值域，熟记正弦定理、以及三角函数与二次函数的性质即可，属于常考题型.。

吉林省长春外国语学校2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次月考语文试题第Ⅰ卷一、现代文阅读（17分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，6分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

书院是中国文化一个十分重要的机构，也是人类教育史上的一个有重大意义的制度。

书院这个名词成为私人讲学的代表，是从朱熹开始的，但是用书院来称呼私人创办的学校则起自唐代。

从唐末到20世纪初年，书院教育持续了1000多年。

一个制度能维持这么久，那么它的贡献也就可想而知了。

“私人讲学”这四个字其实是一个很现代的名词。

因为在传统中国，公私的分别并不像现代这么清楚。

唐末社会崩溃，世家大族早已陵夷，中央政令不行，原有的庙学教育也跟着衰落不振，于是便有了私人创办家族学校之举。

其实私人教学，至少源始于孔子，但以家族之力来创办学校，招收学生，延聘师儒，却是以前少有的事。

从传统教育的立场来说，私人兴学不外是在官学崩溃的时候，模仿其体制和规模，继续其功用，并没有取代官学的意思或目的。

这样的私人教育当然缺乏现代人“公”“私”分明的特点。

但是在发扬儒家的“为己之学”或宋明理想的思想方面，书院发挥了重要的作用。

讲学的风气以及制度化当然要归功于书院，宋明理学或儒学的种种风尚及学派往往依附书院而发扬光大。

这是中国教育制度史上十分光辉的发展。

西洋中古学术的发展往往依附于大学，迨文艺复兴，则“学院”兴起，日渐取代大学。

而到了启蒙时代，沙龙更成了新思想的温床。

可见学术的发达往往和思想家荟萃的场所有千丝万缕的关系。

从这个角度言之，书院是宋明以来儒学发达的制度上的保姆。

政府对于书院所扮演的角色当然是很清楚的，因此有数次毁灭书院的纪录。

也因此作为辅助官学教育的书院得以发展出其特立独行的性格，使它继续不断更新，创造新思潮，影响政治及社会。

我们对东林书院和它所代表的实践精神的神往，无非是因为它所代表的正是传统中国读书人的独立理想。

唯其独立而有尊严，唯其尊严而能赓续中国的人文传统。

长春外国语学校2018-2019学年第一学期期末试题高一年级物理试卷（文科）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共4页。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信 息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书 写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效； 在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一．单项选择题（每题5分共65分）1.下列物体在运动过程中，机械能保持不变的是（ ）A.匀速下落的雨滴B.做自由落体运动的小球C.加速上升的升降机D.正在着陆的飞机 2.下列关于功率的说法中正确的是（ ） A ．功率越大，做功越快 B ．瞬时功率始终大于平均功率 C ．实际功率一定等于额定功率 D ．功率越大，做功越多 3.下列说法正确的是（ ）A.物体沿光滑斜面下滑时，受到重力、支持力和下滑力的作用B.汽车在匀速转弯时，受到的合外力为零C.小球做平抛运动时，只受重力作用D.人造卫星绕地球运动时，受到地球的引力和向心力的作用4.如图所示，一个物块在与水平方向成α角的拉力F 作用下，沿水平面向右运动一段距离x . 在此过程中，拉力F 对物块所做的功为（ ）A ．Fx sin αB ．αsin FxC ．Fx cos αD ．αcos Fx5.同学们通过实验探究，得到了在发生弹性形变时，弹簧的弹力与弹簧伸长量的关系.下列说法中能反映正确的探究结果的是A ．弹簧的弹力跟弹簧的伸长量成正比B ．弹簧的弹力跟弹簧的伸长量成反比C ．弹簧的弹力跟弹簧的伸长量的平方成正比D ．弹簧的弹力跟弹簧的伸长量无关6.如图3所示，在光滑水平面上，质量为m 的小球在细线的拉力作用下，以速度v 做半径为r 的匀速圆周运动. 小球所受向心力F 的大小为（ ）A ．r v m 2B ．rv m C ．mvr D ．mvr27.当汽车发动机的输出功率为30000W 时，汽车在平直公路上以30m/s 的速度匀速行驶，此时汽车牵引力是（ ） A ．1000NB ．1500NC ．2000ND ．3000N8.生产、生活中使用的许多东西都可看作能量转换器，它们把能量从一种形式转化为另一种形式，下列电器在工作过程中把电能转化为机械能的是( )A ．电饭锅B ．洗衣机C ．微波炉D ．电烤箱 9.下列关于万有引力定律的说法中正确的是( ) A ．万有引力定律是卡文迪许发现的 B ．F=G中的G 是一个比例常量，是没有单位的C ．万有引力定律适用于质点间的相互作用D ．两物体间的引力大小与质量成正比，与此两物间距离的平方成反比 10.物体从高处下落的过程中（ ）A ．重力做正功，重力势能减少B ．重力做正功，重力势能增大C ．重力做负功，重力势能减少D ．重力做负功，重力势能增大 11.关于功下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．力是矢量，功也是矢量B．因为功没有方向性，所以功是标量C．力和位移都是矢量，功也一定是矢量D．因为功有正功和负功，所以功是矢量12.如图，A、B分别为两传动轮边缘上的两点，转动过程中皮带不打滑，A、B两点的（）A.加速度大小相等B.线速度大小相等C.转速相等D.角速度相等13.绕地球做匀速圆周运动的人造卫星，其向同力来源于A．卫星自带的动力B．卫星的惯性C．地球对卫星的引力D．卫星对地球的引力二．填空题:(每空2分，共14分）14.近几年，国家大力兴建风力发电站。