小升初英语毕业复习资料专场——词汇
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小升初英语毕业复习资料专场——词汇
词汇是语句的基本组成部分,是语言理解和运用的基础,只有掌握一定量的词汇,才能在听说读写方面有一个全面的提高。
只有准确地掌握词汇,才能更好地掌握语言。
一、各册教材中的单词
PEP英语三年级(上册)
Unit 1:
pen (钢笔) pencil (铅笔) pencil-case ( 铅笔盒) ruler(尺) eraser(橡皮)
crayon(蜡笔) book (书) bag (书包) sharpener (卷笔刀) school (学校)
Unit 2:
head (头) face( 脸) nose (鼻子) mouth (嘴) eye (眼睛)ear (耳朵)arm (胳膊)finger (手指)leg (腿)foot (脚)body (身体)
Unit 3:
red (红色的)yellow (黄色的)green (绿色的)blue (蓝色的)purple (紫色的)
white (白色的) black (黑色的) orange (橙色的) pink (粉色的)brown (棕色的)
Unit 4:
cat (猫)dog (狗)monkey (猴子)panda (熊猫)rabbit( 兔子)duck (鸭子)pig (猪)bird (鸟)bear (熊) elephant (大象)mouse (老鼠)squirrel (松鼠)
Unit 5:
cake (蛋糕)bread (面包)hot dog (热狗)hamburger (汉堡包)chicken (鸡肉)French fries (榨薯条)Coke (可乐)juice (果汁)milk (牛奶)water (水)tea (茶) coffee (咖啡)
Unit 6:
one (一)two (二)three (三)four (四)five (五)six( 六)seven (七)eight (八)nine( 九)ten( 十)doll (玩具娃娃)boat (小船)ball (球) kite (风筝)balloon (气球) car (小汽车)plane (飞机) PEP英语三年级(下册)
Unit 1:
boy (男孩) girl (女孩) teacher (教师) student (学生) this (这个)
my (我的) friend (朋友) I’m=I am (我是) nice (好的;愉快的)
good morning (早上好) good afternoon(下午好) meet (遇见;碰见)
goodbye (再见) too (也;太)
Unit 2
father (父亲爸爸) dad (爸爸)(口语)mother (母亲;妈妈) mom 妈妈(口语)man (男人) woman(女人) grandmother (外)祖母grandma (口语)(外)祖母
grandfather(外)祖父grandpa (口语)(外)祖父sister (姐妹) brother(兄妹)
let’s=let us (让我们) great (太好了) really (真地;确切地) and (和;并且)
how (多么;怎么样)
Unit 3:
eleven (十一) twelve( 十二) thirteen (十三) fourteen (十四) fifteen(十五)
sixteen (十六) seventeen (十七) eighteen (十八) nineteen (十九) twenty (二十)
how many (多少) can (能够;可以) look at (看;瞧)
Unit 4:
peach (桃) pear (梨) orange (橙子) watermelon (西瓜) apple (苹果)
banana (香蕉) strawberry (草莓) grape (葡萄) like (喜欢) some (一些;些)
thanks (多谢)
Unit 5:
bus (公共汽车) bike (自行车) taxi (出租车) jeep (吉普车) desk( 课桌)
chair (椅子) walkman (随身听) lamp (台灯) your (你的;你们的) zoo (动物园)
small (小的) big (大的) long (长的) short (短的;矮的)
tall (高的) giraffe (长颈鹿) deer (鹿)
PEP英语四年级(上册)
Unit 1:
window(窗户) board(写字板) light(灯,灯管) picture(画,图画) door (门)
floor(地板) classroom(教室) computer(计算机) teacher’s desk(讲台) wall(墙)
fan(扇子,电扇) classmate(同学) have(我们)有new(新的) go(去)
where (在......哪里) many(许多的) our(我们的) clean(打扫,清洁,擦干净的)
good idea(好主意) have a look(看一看) all right(好吧,好的) seat(座位)
good job(干的好) near(在......的旁边) you(你) what(什么) see(看)
in(在......里面) me(我) the(这个,这里)
look at(看) we(我们)
Unit 2:
Chinese book(语文书) pencil(铅笔) English book(英语书)
twenty-one(二十一) math book(数学书) thirty-one(三十一) schoolbag(书包)
forty-one(四十一) story-book(故事书) fifty(五十) notebook(笔记本)
too many(太多) colour(颜色) fat(胖的) heavy(重的;沉重的) may (可以)
what’s=what is sure(当然可以) sorry(对不起) here you are(给你)
book(书) bag(包) ruler(尺子) pen(钢笔) pencil-case (铅笔盒)
Unit 3:
jacket(夹克衫) shirt(衬衫) skirt(裙子) dress(连衣裙) T-shirt(T恤衫)
red(红色的) blue(蓝色的) yellow(黄色的) green(绿色的) white(白色的)
no(不;不是) not(不;不是的) colour(颜色)
Unit 4:
warm(暖和的) cold(寒冷的) cool(凉爽的) today(今天) jeans(牛仔裤)
pants(长裤) socks(袜子) shoes(鞋子) let’s=let us (让我们)play(玩;踢)
football(足球) snowy(下雪的) sunny(晴朗的)
Unit 5:
how much(多少钱) big(大的) small(小的) long(长的) short(短的)
apple(苹果) banana(香蕉) pear(梨) orange(橙子) watermelon(西瓜) are(是)
they 它(他、她)们
Unit 6:
horse(马) aren’t=are not (不是)cat(猫) rabbit(兔子) pig(猪)
duck(鸭子) dog(狗) eleven(十一) twelve(十二) thirteen(十三)
fifteen(十五) twenty(二十) how many(多少) there(那儿;那里)
PEP英语四年级(下册)
Unit 1:
computer(计算机) board(写字板) fan(风扇) light(灯) this(这;这个)
is(是) my(我的) that(那;那个) your(你的) teacher’s desk(讲台)
picture(图画;照片) wall(墙壁) floor(地板) yes(是;是的) it(它)
Unit2 one(一) two(二) three(三) four(四) five(五) six(六)seven(七) eight(八) nine(九) ten(十) what(什么) time(时间) it’s=it is(它是)…o’clock(…点钟) math(数学) Chinese(语文) English(英语) P.E.(体育) music(音乐)
for(为;给) class(课程)
Unit 3:
jacket(夹克衫) shirt(衬衫) skirt(裙子) dress(连衣裙) T-shirt(T恤衫)
red(红色的) blue(蓝色的) yellow(黄色的) green(绿色的) white(白色的)
no(不;不是) not(不;不是的) colour(颜色)
warm(暖和的) cold(寒冷的) cool(凉爽的) today(今天) jeans(牛仔裤)
pants(长裤) socks(袜子) shoes(鞋子) let’s=let us(让我们)play(玩;踢)
football(足球) snowy(下雪的) sunny(晴朗的)
Unit 5:
how much(多少钱) big(大的) small(小的) long(长的) short(短的)
apple(苹果) banana(香蕉) pear(梨) orange(橙子) watermelon(西瓜) are(是)
they 它(他、她)们
Unit 6:
horse(马) aren’t=are not cat(猫) rabbit(兔子) pig(猪) duck(鸭子)
dog(狗) eleven(十一) twelve(十二) thirteen(十三) fifteen(十五) twenty(二十)
how many(多少) there(那儿;那里)
PEP英语五年级(上册)
Unit 1:
young (年轻的)funny (滑稽可笑的)tall (高的)strong (强壮的)
kind (和蔼的、亲切的)old (年老的)short(矮的)thin (瘦的)
Mr (先生)like (像、喜欢)strict (严格的)smart (聪明的、巧妙的)
active (积极的、活跃的)quiet (安静的、文静的)very(很、非常)
but (但是)
Unit 2:
Monday (星期一)Tuesday (星期二)Wednesday (星期三)
Thursday(星期四)Friday (星期五)Saturday (星期六)Sunday (星期天)day (天)have (有、吃)on (在…..时候)do homework (做作业)
watch TV (看电视)read books (读书)
Unit 3:
eggplant (茄子)fish (鱼)green beans (青豆)tofu (豆腐)
potato (土豆)tomato (西红柿)for (为)lunch (中餐)we(我们)
tasty (好吃的)sweet (甜的)sour (酸的)fresh(新鲜的)salty (咸的)favourite (最喜欢的)they are (他们是)fruit (水果)grape (葡萄)
Unit 4:
Cook the meals (烧饭)water the flowers (浇花)
sweep the floor (扫地)clean the bedroom (打扫卧室)make the bed(铺床)
set the table (摆饭桌)wash the clothes (洗碗碟)do the dishes (收拾衣服)
use a computer (使用计算机)
Unit 5:
curtain (空调)trash bin (垃圾箱)closet (壁橱)mirror(镜子)
end table (床头柜)bedroom (卧室)kitchen (厨房)bathroom (卫生间)
living room (客厅)in (在…里面)on(在…上面)under (在…下面)
near (在..旁边)behind (在…后边)clothes (衣服)
Unit 6:
river (河流)flower (花)grass (草)lake (湖泊)forest(森林)path (路)
park (公园)picture (照片)house (房子)bridge (桥)tree (树)
road (公路)building (建筑物)clean (干净的)
PEP英语五年级(下册)
Unit 1:
do morning exercises(晨练)eat breakfast(吃早饭)
have English class(上英语课)play sports(进行体育运动)eat dinner(吃晚饭)
when(什么时候)evening(夜晚;晚上)get up(起床)at(在……点钟)
usually(通常;一般)noon(中午)climb mountains(爬山)
visit grandparents(看望祖父母)go hiking(去远足)weekend(周末)
often(经常)sometimes(有时候)
Unit 2:
spring(春天)summer(夏天)fall(秋天)winter(冬天)season季节)
which(哪一个)best(最;极)swim(游泳)fly kites(放风筝)
skate(滑冰;滑冰鞋)make a snowman(堆雪人)plant trees(种树)
why(为什么)because(因为)sleep(睡觉)
Unit 3:
Jan./January(一月)Feb./February(二月)Mar./March(三月)
Apr./April(四月)May(五月)June(六月)July(七月)
Aug./August(八月)Sept./September(九月)Oct./October(十月)
Nov./November(十一月)Dec./December(十二月)birthday(生日)
uncle(叔叔;舅舅)her(她的)date(日期)
Unit 4:
draw pictures(画画)cook dinner(做饭)read a book(看书)
answer the phone(接电话)listen to music9(听音乐)clean the room(打扫房间)
write a letter(写信)write an e-mail(写电子邮件)mom(妈妈)
grandpa(爷爷;外公)study(书房)
Unit 5:
fly(飞)jump(跳)walk(走)run(跑)swim(游泳)
kangaroo(袋鼠)sleep(睡觉)climb(往上爬)fight(打架)swing(荡;荡秋千)
drink water(喝水)
Unit 6:
take pictures(照相)watch insects(观察昆虫)pick up leaves(采摘树叶)
do an experiment(做实验)catch butterfly(捉蝴蝶)honey(蜂蜜)
count insects(数昆虫)collect leaves(收集树叶)write a report(写报告)
play chess(下棋)have a picnic(举行野餐)
PEP英语六年级(上册)
Unit 1:
by (经,乘) foot(脚) bike(自行车) bus(公共汽车) train(火车) how(怎样) go to school(上学)traffic(交通)traffic light(交通灯)traffic rule(交通规则)stop(停,停车站)wait(等待)get to(到达)Unit 2:
library(图书馆) post office(邮局) hospital(医院) cinema(电影院) bookstore(书店) where(在哪里,到哪里) please(请) next to(与…相邻) turn(转弯) right (右边) left(左边) straight(成直线地) then(然后) Unit 3:
next week(下周) this morning(今天上午) this afternoon(今天下午)
this evening (今天晚上) comic book(漫画书) post card(明信片) newspaper(报纸) buy(购买)
Unit 4:
hobby(爱好) ride a bike--riding a bike(骑自行车) dive--diving(跳水)
play the violin—playing the violin(拉小提琴) make kites—making kites(制作风筝) collect stamps—collecting stamps(集邮) live –lives(居住) teach--teaches(教) go--goes(去) watch--watches(看) read--reads(读,看) does doesn’t=does not
Unit 5:
singer(歌唱家,歌手) writer(作家) actor(男演员) actress(女演员) artist(画家) TV reporter(电视台记者) engineer(工程师) accountant(会计) policeman(男警察) salesperson(销售员) cleaner(清洁工) where(在哪里,到哪里)work(工作)
Unit 6:
rain(雨) cloud (云) sun(太阳) stream(河,溪) come from(来自,从…来) seed(种子) soil(土壤) sprout
PEP英语六年级(下册)
Unit 1:
tall—taller更高的short—shorter 更矮的strong—stronger更强壮的old—older 年龄更大的young—younger 更年轻的big—bigger更大的heavy—heavier 更重的long—longer 更长的thin—thinner 更瘦的small—smaller (体型)更小的
Unit 2:
have a fever 发烧have a sore throat喉咙疼have a cold感冒
have a toothache 牙疼have a headache 头疼matter事情,麻烦sore 疼的hurt疼痛nose 鼻子tired疲劳的,累的excited兴奋的angry生气的
happy高兴的bored无聊的,烦人的sad 忧伤的,悲伤的
Unit 3:
watch—watched 看wash—washed 洗clean—cleaned打扫play—played玩visit—visited 看望do—did last weekend上一个周末go—went去
go to a park—went to a park 去公园go swimming—went swimming去游泳
go fishing—went fishing去钓鱼read—read 读go hiking—went hiking 去郊游
Unit 4:
learn Chinese—learned Chinese学汉语sing and dance—sang and danced 唱歌和跳舞eat good food—ate good food吃好吃的食物take pictures—took pictures 照相climb—climbed 爬have—had buy presents—bought presents买礼物
row a boat—rowed a boat 划船see elephant—saw elephant 看大象
go skiing—went skiing 去滑雪go ice-skating—went ice-skating 去滑冰
how怎么,如何get—got 到达last上一个的,仅余的,留在最后的
二、单词分类汇总
1学习用品(school things)
pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil case铅笔盒rule尺子book书bag包comic book漫画书post card 明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story book故事书notebook笔记本
Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典
2人体(body)
foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵
arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿
3颜色(colours)
red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕
4动物(animals)
cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁
fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal 海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸
5人物(people)
friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔;舅舅man 男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss.小姐lady女士;小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandma/grandmother (外)祖母
grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt姑姑;舅母cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王
visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长pen pal笔友tourist旅行者
people人物robot机器人
teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民
singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TV reporter电视台记者engineer工程师accountant会计policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseball player棒球运动员assistant 售货员
7食品饮料(food & drink)
rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog热狗hamburger汉堡包French fries炸薯条cookie曲奇饼biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐supper晚餐dinner正餐
8水果蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)
apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄
eggplant茄子green beans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃
strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜
9衣服(clothes)
jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirtT恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣
shorts短裤sneakers运动鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子
hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套
10交通工具(vehicles)
bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车;面包车plane飞机subway地铁
motorcycle摩托车
11杂物(other things)
window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board木板
fan风扇light灯teacher's desk讲台picture图画;照片wall墙壁floor地板
curtain窗帘trash can垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子football足球present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子
TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子
knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃
ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞
zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件traffic light交通灯money钱medicine药sunglasses太阳镜
12地点(locations)
home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间living room起居定kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park 公园library图书馆post office邮局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场
zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂
teacher's office教师办公室gym体育馆washroom卫生间art room绘画教室computer room计算机教室music room音乐教室TV room电视机房flat 公寓company公司factory 工厂fruit stand水果摊pet shop 宠物商店
nature park 自然公园theme park主题公园science museum科学博物馆the Great Wall长城supermarket 超市bank银行country国家
village乡村city城市
13课程(courses)
sports体育运动science科学Moral Education思想品德课Social Studies社会课
14国家城市(countries cities)
China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国Canada加拿大Australia澳大利亚New York 纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科
15气象
cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot火热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weather report天气预报
16景物(nature)
river河流lake湖泊stream河;溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子
bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空
rainbow彩虹wind风air空气
17植物(plants)
flower花grass 草tree 树seed种子sprout苗rose 玫瑰leaf 叶子
18星期(week)
Monday 星期一Tuesday 星期二Wednesday 星期三Thursday 星期四Friday
星期五Saturday星期六Sunday 星期日weekend周末
19月份(months)
Jan.(January) 一月Feb.(February)二月Mar.(March) 三月Apr.(April) 四月
May 五月Jun.(June)六月Jul.(July) 七月Aug.(August) 八月Sept.(September) 九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November) 十一月Dec.(December)十二月
20季节(seasons)
spring 春summer夏fall (美)autumn(英)秋winter冬天
21方位(directions)
south南north北east 东west西left 左right 右
22患病(illness)
have a fever 发烧hurt 疼痛have a cold 感冒have a toothache 牙疼
have a headache 头疼have a sore throat喉咙疼
23数词(numbers)
one一two二three三four 四five五six 六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen 十四fifteen十五
sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen 十八nineteen十九twenty 二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty 六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十
hundred 百first 第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth 第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十
24形容词(adj.)
big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的;矮的young年轻的
old旧的;老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极的;活跃的quiet安静的
nice好看的kind和蔼可亲的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的
tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的
clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的
sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter 更矮的stronger 更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger 更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner 更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine 好的great 很好的heavy 重的new 新的fat 胖的right 对的hungry 饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little 小的lovely 可爱的
beautiful 漂亮的colourful 色彩鲜艳的pretty 漂亮的cheap便宜的
expensive昂贵的juicy 多汁的tender 嫩的healthy 健康的ill 有病的
helpful 有帮助的high 高的easy 简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better 更好的higher 更高的
25介词(prep.)
in在......里on在........上;在.......时候under在........下面near在......的附近behind在.......后边next to 与......相邻over在.......上面in front of 在.......前面beside在.......的旁边
26代词(pron.)
I 我we 我们you你;你们he 他she她it它they他(她,它)们my我的
our我们的your你的;你们的his他的her她的its它的their他(她,它)们的
play玩;踢swim游泳skate滑冰fly飞jump跳walk走
run跑climb爬fight 打架swing荡eat吃sleep 睡觉
like像;喜欢have 有;吃turn 转弯buy 买take 买;带live居住teach教go去study 学习learn 学习
sing 唱歌dance 跳舞row 划do homework 做作业
watch TV 看电视read books 读书cook dinner/ the meals 做饭water the flowers 浇花sweep the floor扫地clean the bedroom/room打扫卧室/房间make the bed 铺床set the table 摆饭桌wash the clothes 洗衣服
do the dishes洗碗碟use a computer 使用计算机do morning exercise 晨练; eat/have breakfast 吃早饭eat/have dinner 吃晚饭go to school 上学have English class 上英语课play sports 进行体育活动get up 起床climb mountains 爬山go shopping 买东西play the piano 弹钢琴visit grandparents 看望(外)祖父母go hiking 去远足fly kites 放风筝make a snowman 堆雪人plant trees 种树draw pictures 画画
answer the phone 接电话listen to music 听音乐write a letter写信
write an e-mail 写电子邮件drink water 喝水take pictures 照相
watch insects观察昆虫pick up leaves 采摘树叶
do an experiment 做实验catch butterflies 捉蝴蝶count insects 数昆虫collect insect 收集昆虫collect leaves 收集树叶write a report 写报告play chess 下棋have a picnic 举行野餐get to 到达ride a bike 骑自行车play the violin 拉小提琴make kites 制作风筝collect stamps 收集邮票
meet 见面welcome 欢迎thank 谢谢love爱work 工作drink 喝taste 尝smell 闻feed 喂养shear 剪milk 挤奶look 看guess 猜help 帮助pass 传递show 展示use使用clean打扫open 打开close 关上put 放read 读write 写paint 绘画tell 告诉kick 踢bounce 反弹ride 骑stop停wait 等find 寻找drive 驾驶fold 折send 寄wash 洗shine 照耀become 变成feel 感觉到think 思考meet 遇见fall 落下leave 离开wake up 醒来put on 穿上take off 脱掉hang up 挂起wear 穿go home 回家go to bed 上床睡觉
play computer games 玩电脑游戏play chess 下棋do housework 做家务empty the trash 倒垃圾put away the clothes 收拾衣服get off 下车
take a trip 去旅行read a magazine 阅读杂志go to the cinema 去看电影
三、词汇分类指导
(一)学生易错词汇
1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.
2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用am , you 用are.
3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。
单数用has , 复数用have. I , you 用have .
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。
单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.
6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)
when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many(多少)how much(多少钱)
(二)名词
1、掌握名词变复数的变化规则
(1)多数名词变复数时直接在词尾加s 。
如book--boos
(2)以s, sh, x, ch结尾的名词,一般加es。
如:watch—watches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i ,再加es。
如family—families
(4)以f, fe结尾的名词,大多数情况下一般将f, fe变为v, 再加es。
如leaf—leaves.
但也有例外,有些以f 结尾的名词,在构成复数时只加s。
如gulf—gulfs.
(5)以字母o结尾的名词变复数,一般说来,有生命的加es,没有生命的加s。
tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes
2、不规则名词的复数要单独记忆。
fish-- fish foot-- feet sheep--sheep it-- they I -- we me—us
he-- they my--our you-- you your—your man--men
goose--geese deer--deer woman--women tooth—teeth
I –we my—our you—you your—your
it—they he—they she—they his—their
her—their its—their him—them her—them
(三)动词
1、现在分词的变化规则
(1)一般直接在动词的词尾加ing. 如pick—picking
(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去年e,再加ing. 如bite—biting.
(3)以一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节词,且它的前面是一个短元音,一般应该先双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing.如dig—digging. swim—swimming
2、动词过去式的变化规则
(1)一般情况下,直接在动词的词尾加ed。
如play—played
(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词直接加d 。
如hope—hoped
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed。
如cry—cried.
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个字母,再加ed。
如stop—stopped.
(5)个别不规则变化须特别记忆。
如:have—had
3、动词第三人称单数的变化规则
(1)一般直接在动词词尾加s.如run—runs
(2)以s, x, o , sh , ch 结尾的动词,加es。
如brush—brushes
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i再加eses.如fly—flies.
(4)个别不规则变化单词,需要单独记忆。
如do—does.
(四)形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。
比较级的句子结构通常是:
什么+ 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级+ than(比)+ 什么,如:
I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。
)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。
)
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:
①一般的直接在词尾加er ,如tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
②以e结尾的,直接加r ,如fine –finer ,
③以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier
④双写最后的字母再加er,如big –bigger, thin –thinner ,hot –hotter
☆注意比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。
)
比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。
应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比较级专项练习:
1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.
2、根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m than you.
(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.
3、根据中文完成句子.
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m than my brother.
(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.
(4) 谁比你重? than you?
4、根据答句写出问句
(1) I’m 160 cm.
(2) I’m 12 years old.
(4) Amy’s hair is 30 cm long.
(五)动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A、规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , used
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study –studied
④carry –carried worry –worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stop--stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
sing –sang , eat –ate , see –saw , have –had , do –did , go –went , take –took , buy –bought ,
get –got , read –read ,fly –flew , am/is –was , are –were , say –said , leave –left ,
swim –swam , tell –told , draw –drew , come –came , lose –lost , find –found ,
drink –drank , hurt –hurt , feel –felt
(六)动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:
①一般的直接在后面加上ing ,
如doing , going , working , singing , eating
②以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,
如having , writing
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)
有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
(七)人称和数
(八)完全、缩略形式:
I’m=I am he’s=he is she’s=she is they’re=they are
you’re=you are there’s=there is they’re=they are can’t=can not don’t=do not
doesn’t=does not isn’t=is not aren’t=are not let’s=let us won’t=will not I’ll=I will
wasn’t=was not
总结:通常情况下,'m即am,'s即is(但let’s=let us),'re即are ,
n't即not (但can’t=can not)
(九)近义词或同义词
同义词是指意思相同或相近的词,有时候可以互相换用,以避免重复。
by plane----take a plane by ship----take a ship by bike---ride a bike
by train---take a train by subway----take a subway after class----after school
usually----often near----next to bookstore----book shop find---look for
go straight----go down take----by sour----tart tonight----this evening
want----be going to must----have to beautiful---pretty draw---paint
tell---say little----small big---large tall----high wear---put on
each----every sick----ill between----among watch----look, see
gift----present dear----expensive bike----bicycle speak---talk
love----like eat breakfast----have breakfast eat lunch----have lunch
eat dinner----have dinner play sports----do sports too----either
what about you?----how about you?----and you? climb mountains----do some climbing
read some books----do some reading go shopping----do some shopping
go hiking---- do some hiking on the weekend----at the weekend
fall----autumn
(十)反义词或对应词
反义词是指单词的意思相反,如:big—small, long—short. 对应词是指单词的意思相对,如man—woman, teacher—student ,同学们要注意区分。
I –you my—your your—my / our good—bad
morning—afternoon this—that us—you white—black
boy—girl teacher—student come—go we—you
father—mother she—he big—small open—close
right—left / wrong yes—no night—day quiet—active
in—out here—there long—short tall—short
get up—go to bed these—those warm—cool cold—hot
rainy—sunny new—old expensive—cheap young—old
kind—strict strong—thin old—new / young thin—strong / fat
active—quiet in front of—behind village—city usually—sometimes
summer—winter always—never up—down why—because
brother—sister key—lock wake up—sleep always----never
usually----sometimes often----sometimes near----far
fast----slow easy----hard get on----get off east----west
north----south left----right wrong----right out side----in side
busy----free buy----sell learn----teach with----without
actor----actress policeman----policewoman taller----shorter
stronger----thinner older----younger little----big bigger----smaller
head----tail heavy----light longer----shorter happy----unhappy
sad----happy last----first below----above same----different
somebody----nobody forwards ---- back wards after----before
stop----go on sit----stand
(十一)同音词。
在英语中,有一部分的单词的读音相同,但意义却有着很大的不同。
如:
see看见sea海mouse 老鼠mouth嘴write写right正确
where哪里wear穿four四for为,给two二too也,太to为
pear梨pair一对I我eye眼睛no 不,不是know知道
meat肉meet遇见bye再见by坐,乘buy买son儿子sun太阳
it’s 它的its 它的there 那儿,那里their他们的
dear 亲爱的deer小鹿
(十二)与所给字母同音的单词。
在英语中,有些单词的读音与某个字母的读音相同。
如:
B――bee蜜蜂C――sea大海、see看见I—eye眼睛K—key钥匙
O――oh哦R—are 是T—tea茶Y――why为什么
11。