赵文通学位英语解题方法指导—语法
一、学位英语语法题命题特点
涉及知识面广,涵盖了冠词、形容词、副词、动词、非谓语动词、定语从句及状语从句等。动词一直是考查的重点。
二、学位英语语法题解题策略和方法
1.还原法.
2.一致法.
3.标点法.
4.题眼法
1. 还原法
还原法,即句子结构分析法.很多单项选择题考点实为难度较小的简单句,但命题人往往通过加长句式,将陈述句改为疑问或感叹等句型,使用插入语,采用倒装和省略等手段使简单的句式复杂化, 以增加干扰因素.解题时,同学们应通过句型分析弄清题干的来龙去脉,还原简单句的本来面目.主要有如下八种还原方式:
1. 将疑问句还原成陈述句
【例】Whom is it up to ____the matter
A. decide
B. to decide
C. deciding
D. decided
【解析】将题干还原为陈述句: It is up to sb. to decide the matter. 答案为:B
2 将感叹句还原成陈述句
【例】_____role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. A. How interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting
D. What an interesting
【解析】将题干还原为陈述句: She played an interesting role in the film.因此答案为D
3 将被动语态还原成主动语态
【例】Our time should be made full use of _____.
A. study
B. studied
C. studying
D. to study
【解析】将题干还原为成主动语态: We should make full use of our time to study.因此答案为:D
4 将倒装语序还原成正常语序
【例】Here is a note book, in which _____ the names of the visitors.
A. write
B. written
C. were written
D. was written
【解析】将题干还原为正常语序: The names of the visitors were written in the note book.因此答案为C。
5 将强调句式还原成一般句式
【例】It was ____ that resulted in the terrible car accident.
A. because of her carelessness
B. her being careless
C. because she was careless
D. she was so careless
【解析】将题干还原为一般句式: Her being careless was resulted in the terrible car accident.
因此答案为:B。
6 将先行词还原到定语从句中
【例】The study you have been making _____the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.
A. to
B.for
C. of
D. from
【解析】把定语从句先行词 the study 还原回从句中得出: You have been making the study of the ancient Chinese characters. 因此答案为: C
7 删除附加结构,将复杂句还原成简单句
【例】John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A. as well
B. as well as
C. so well
D. so well as
【解析】将插入语 if not better than 删除得出: John plays football as well as David.因此答案为:B
8 将省略句还原成完整的句子
【例】-----Do you know what Tom does all day
-----I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he ____his lessons.
A. is doing
B. does
C. spends in
D. does doing
【解析】将连词as 后的从句还原完整,得出: …as he spends (in) doing his lessons. 此句中的 spends 可用来代替.因此答案为:does
2. 一致法
一致法是另一种句子结构分析法,即在解题时我们要注意句子前后的关系要一致,包括主谓一致,时态一致,代词一致,比较对象一致等等,以此找到解题的突破口.例如:
【例】The man rushed out of the room, ____into his car and started it hurriedly, ____to get home as soon as possible.
A. got; hoped
B. getting; and hoped
C.got; hoping
D. getting; hoped
【解析】C从and 可知,此题考查三个谓语动词rushed,got和started的并列,时态要一致,所以第一空要填got,而第二空hoping是伴随状语.
【例】 Written in a hurry, _________.
A. Peter made many mistakes in the paper
B. There are many mistakes in the paper
C. we found some mistakes in the paper
D. the paper is full of mistakes
【解析】【解析】分词做状语时其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一
