（一）语法
直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。
例如：She said, "I am very happy to help you."
→She said that she was very happy to help you.
2. 直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导。
例如：He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"
→He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.
注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。
例如：She asked me whether he could do it or not.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词
who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：
My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?"
→My sister asked me how I liked the film.
4. 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。
例如：The captain ordered, "Be quiet."
→The captain ordered us to be quiet.
注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。
My teacher asked me, "Don't laugh."
→My teacher asked me not to laugh.
5. 一些注意事项
(1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。
例如：He asked Lucy, "Where did you go?"
→He asked Lucy where she went.
Tom said, "What do you want, Ann?"
→Tom asked Ann what she wanted.
(2)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。
例如：They told their son, "The earth goes round the sun."
→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
(3)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。例
如：He said, "I haven't seen her today."
(4)→He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。
一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时
现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时
过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化
（一）指示代词的变化
this that these those
（二）时间状语的变化
now then ago befor e / earlier
today that day yesterday
the day before
this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc.
tomorrow the following/next day
the day after tomorrow in two days’time
the day before yesterday two days before / earlier
next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc.
last week/month the week /month before
（二）
直接引语变间接引语练习题
1．He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.”
2．She asked me, “Is this book yours or his?”
3．The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”
4．She said, “He will be busy.”
5．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
6．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”
7．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”
8．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”
9．He said, “We are still students.”
10．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”
11．He said, “I have studied English since 2000.”
12．I said to him, “I have finished it.”
13．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”
