动词过去分词用法概要

water polluted by …
a crowded room a room crowded of …
a pleased winner a winner pleased at …
astonished children children astonished at/by …
a broken vase a closed door
Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.
terrified people people terrified of (cholera)
reserved seats
seats reserved for …
polluted water
_w__h_ic_h__a_r_e_m__a_d_e_o_f_wk.baidu.com_h_i_s_k_i_n_d_o_f__cl_o_t_h___.
• 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。
• The books _w_r_it_te_n__b_y_L_u__X_u_n___are popular．
• 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
• She heard the door shut with a bang.
• She felt a great load taken off her mind.
2. 表示使役的动词：get, let, make, have, keep 等。
• He made it known to everyone that he was right.
• He kept windows shut all the year round.
• They got their telephone put in only yesterday.
• You must get your article finished before going home.
3. 在表示“希望”“愿望”等意义的动词， 如want, wish, like, expect等后面作宾语补足 语。
students. • I don’t know the girl who was caught in the
snow storm. • I don’t know the girl caught in the snow storm. • The boy who was knocked down by the car
• The woman selling vegetables has gone.
the changing world（正在变化的） the changed world （变化了的）
boiling water（正在沸腾的) boiled water （已经沸腾过的） fading flowers (正在凋谢的) faded flowers （已经凋谢的） a developing country (发展中的) a developed country （发达的）
• 某些过去分词作表语用来表示人物所处的心 理状态或情感变化，其主语一般是人，这类 过去分词如：delighted, devoted, discouraged, astonished, frightened, excited, worried等可以 看做形容词。
v-ed作定语
• 英语口语 • 书面练习
(现在分词或其短语)
6. We must get the work finished by 10
o’clock.
( 过去分词)
7. We take English as a useful tool for
research work. （用as引出） 8. Whenever you may go, you will find
• The building being built is our library.
v-ed作宾补
• 作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词， 表示被动和完成的意义。过去分词作宾补时， 和它前面的宾语构成“宾语+过去分词”的 复合结构，在这种结构中，宾语与过去分词 之间的逻辑上的动宾关系。
某些及物动词 （如make）
• We’ll go to visit the bridge _b_u_i_lt_h_u_n_d_r_e_d_s_o_f_y_e_a_r_s_a_g_o___．
v-ing与v-ed作定语的区别
1. 语态不同 • v-ing表主动、进行；v-ed表被动、完成
an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说 the inspired audience 受鼓舞的听众
v-e•ds表po完ken成English
• written exercises
• •
落发叶 达v国-e家d表被v-ve动-d••e表dft和ah表被lelea被/n动d或lv动eaanv完和ceesd完成co成untries
• 一枚用过的邮票 • a used stamp
• 一枚破损的硬币 • a broken coin
• We found the trees planted. • We found many people planting trees there. • I saw him go into the dining room.
• I saw her come into the classroom. • I saw her coming into the classroom. • I saw her taken out of the classroom.
直接宾语 （名词或 代词）
宾语 补足语
宾语补足语的10种表示法：
1. His father named him Doming. (名词) 2. They painted their house white. (形容词) 3. You mustn’t force him to lend his
money to you（. 不定式短语） 4. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 5. We saw her entering the room. （不定式）
• He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. • 2)意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的 • 事情”。
• Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. • 3)意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做 • 完，也可以由主语参与完成。
_w_h_i_c_h_w__e_r_e_w_a_s_t_e_d_i_n_w__o_o_d_s_! • 我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。 • I like wearing clothes
_m__a_d_e_o_f_t_h_i_s_k_i_n_d_o_f__cl_o_t_h_． • I like wearing clothes
was crying. • The boy knocked down by the car was crying.
Translation
• 我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊! • How I regretted the hours_w_a_s_t_e_d_i_n_t_h_e__w_o_o_d_s_! • How I regretted the hours
• He had the walls painted this morning.
v-ing, v-ed, to do作宾补的区别
• 语态 • v-ed与宾语之间是被动关系，v-ing表主动，to
do和宾语也是主动关系。 • 时间关系 • v-ed表完成，v-ing表进行，to do强调动作发
生的全过程。
• The teacher expected all the students well prepared for the exam.
• He wants his composition read by every classmate.
4. 做介词的宾补，主要用于“with/without + 复合结构”中。
• They left without a plate untouched.
• With the problem settled, he felt quite happy.
• 5. “have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义 • 在“have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分
词作宾补，也可用 get 。有以下几种含义： • 1)意为“主语请别人做某事”。
3. 及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都 可表示被动, 但v-ed表示一个完成了的动作, 而 being done多表示一个正在进行的动作。
• The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with us.
• The problem being discussed now has something to do with us.
him at work.（介词短语）
9. Let the fresh air in. （副词）
10. The plant has its own name. You cannot
call it what you will. (从句)
• 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外， 还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完 整。
• Hearing the news, he showed a surprised
look.
Attribute(定语)
• Directed by Hanhan, the movie is really popular. Adverb(状语)
• Tom finally had the book finished.
Usage of The Past Participle
• 非谓语动词指在句中表示一个动作但不能 充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的词。
• v-ing表主动，表进行 • v-ed表被动，表完成 • to do不定式表将来，表目的
• The vase is broken. Predicative(表语)
the falling leaves 落叶（正往下落的） the fallen leaves 落叶（已落到地面的）
2.时间关系不同 v-ing 表“正在 进行”或“与谓语动词 同时进行”或“经常性”。v-ed 表动作 先于谓语动词表示的动作。
• Do you know the boy lying under the big tree?
Object complement(宾语补足语)
v-ed 作表语
v-ed 作定语
v-ed
v-ed 作宾补
v-ed 作状语
v-ed作表语
• 表示主语的某种性质或状态。
• She was really touched beyond words.
• They are satisfied with their work.
• He managed to make himself u__n_d_e_r_st_o_o_d_ (understand)with his_b_r_o_k_e_n_ (break)English.
1. 在表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如see, hear, feel, watch, notice, think, find等后面作宾语补足 语。
• I was glad to see the child well taken care of.
• When he arrived, he found all the work finished.
a vase broken by… a door closed by…
the tired audience the audience tired by…
a trapped animal an animal trapped in/by…
单个过去分词作前置定语； 过去分词短语作后置定语
• v-ed作定语相当于定语从句。 • He was a teacher respected by all his students. • He was a teacher who was respected by all his