The Middle Eastern Bazaar
The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool,dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.Little donkeys with harmoniously(in a pleasant and peaceful way)tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs (crowds implying moving and pushing)of people entering and leaving the bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls (BrE: a table or open-fronted shop) where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din (confused and loud noise that continues)of the stall-holder; crying(peddle, hawk, advertise)) their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be(likely, possibly) purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.
Ks1: Paraphrase:
The Middle Eastern bazaar reminds you of things existing hundreds --- even thousands--- of years ago.(Hyperbole: overstate or exaggerate sth, in order to make it sound bigger, smaller, better, worse, etc. than it really is)
“historical present” denotes vividness:
In linguistics and rhetoric, the historical present (sometimes dramatic present) refers to the employment of the present tense when narrating past events. Besides its use in writing about history, especially in
historical chronicles (listing a series of events), it is used in fiction, for
'hot news' (as in headlines), and in everyday conversation (Huddleston & Pullum 2002: 129-131). In conversation, it is particularly common with 'verbs of communication' such as tell, write, and say (and in colloquial uses, go) (Leech 2002: 7).
Literary critics and grammarians have said that the historical present has the effect of making past events more vivid.
Eg:
Efforts to safeguard individual liberty have a long history. A century before the U.S. Constitution was written, John Locke articulated a vision of liberal government in his Second Treatise of Government. In this famous work, Locke locates the origins of government in the desire to safeguard individuals and their property against the violence and insecurity of the state of nature . . . .
Rhetoric device:
Ks2: Metonym。
eye; ear: M an’s power of seeing or eyesight. To turn a deaf ear to sth or sb;
keep an eye on
She has an ear for music.
The boy has a sharp eye
Ks3: In the farthest distance everything becomes obscure, unclear, only dimly visible in the dark surroundings.
KS4: The donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another
Ks 5 The loud, confused noise that continues without interruption and makes you feel mentally confused.
Metonymy is a figure of speech used in rhetoric in which a thing or concept is not called by its own name, but by the name of something intimately associated with that thing or concept. Metonyms can be either real or fictional concepts representing other concepts real or fictional, but they must serve as an effective and widely understood second name for what they represent.
1. Hollywood" is used as a metonym (an instance of metonymy) for
the US cinema industry, because of the fame and cultural identity of
