Unit5 Nelson Mandela知识点详解
Ⅰ. 常考单词必背
1．quality n．质量；品质；性质
Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.优质酒比劣质酒花费多。
(1)of high/good quality 优质的
of low/poor quality 劣质的
(2)形近意异词：quantity n．数量；大量
2．mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的v. 意思是；意欲，打算；意味着
Don't be so mean to your little brother!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！
(1)be mean to sb 对某人刻薄
mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing 意味着……
be meant for 为……而准备的be meant to be... 注定成为……
(2)means n. 方式；方法；途径by no means 绝不
3．devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于
She devoted herself to her career and never married all her life.她全力倾注于自己的事业
(1)devote one's life/energy/time...to (doing) sth 把某人的生命/精力/时间…… 用在/献给(做)某事上devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……be devoted to 献身于；专心于
(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；专心
4．found vt. 建立；建设
They founded/set up the company by themselves.他们自己创办了这家公司。
(1)found...on/upon... 把……建在……上(此结构一般不用于进行时)
(2)founder n．奠基者，创立者，创办人
foundation n．建设，创立；基础
5．guidance n．指导；领导guide vt. 引路，指导n．指导者；向导，导游
6．vote vt.&vi.投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决
Whether you vote for or against the proposal doesn't seem to matter very much.
无论你对这项提议投赞成票还是反对票，好像都不是很重要。
vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vote through 投票通过
vote on... 就……投票表决vote to do... 投票做……
7．attack vt.&n. 进攻；攻击；抨击
He was attacked for his speech on all the newspapers.
under attack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击
8．equal adj. 相等的；平等的v. 等于；比得上，敌得过n. 同等的人；相等物
It is evident that he is not equal to the job.显然，他不能胜任这个工作。
(1)be equal to 胜任；相等be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌
(2)equally adv. 平等地；同样地
equality n. 平等；相等
9．escape vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露n. 逃跑；逃脱
She managed to escape from the burning car.她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。
escape from 从……逃脱、逃跑escape＋n./doing sth 避开(做)某事
escape death 死里逃生a narrow escape 九死一生
10．educate vt. 教育educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的
Children should be educated to protect the environment.
(1)educate sb to do sth 教育某人做某事
educate oneself 自学，自修
(2)education n. 教育
educator n. 教育工作者；教育家
11．reward n. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏
They rewarded him for saving the child.他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏他。
(1)reward sb for (doing) sth 为(做)某事奖赏某人reward sb with sth 用……奖赏(酬谢)某人
(2)as a reward for 作为酬谢；作为……的奖赏in reward (for) 作为(对……的)回报、奖赏
12．sentence vt. 判决；宣判
He has been sentenced to pay a fine of $200 for drunk driving.他因酒驾被判罚款二百美元。be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)
sentence sb to do... 判决某人接受……的刑罚
sentence sb to death 判处某人死刑
Ⅱ. 高频短语必会
1．as a matter of fact＝in fact 事实上
I'm going there tomorrow，as a matter of fact.其实，我明天是准备去那里。
2．blow up 使充气；爆炸
A chemical factory blew up in the North of England.英国北部的一座化工厂爆炸了。
3．in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
(1)ask for trouble 自找麻烦get into trouble 陷入困境
take the trouble to do sth 不辞劳苦地做某事
make trouble 惹麻烦
(2)in pain 痛苦地in order 整齐地
in anger 愤怒地in poverty 在贫穷中
4．turn to 求助于；致力于
She turned to the study of medicine after graduation.
毕业后，她致力于医学研究。
