限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

中山北外英语培训 商务英语 零基础英语 英语口语 外教口语 少儿英语 青少年辅导 雅思 托福 出国留学 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句1. 关系代词和关系副词紧跟先行词后 eg: He is my friend who works in a famous factory. 1. 逗号隔开，关代词和关系副词在其后 eg: He is my friend , who worksin a famous factory. His experience , which he gained in a factory 7 years ago madehim a real man.2. 关系代词只能指代其紧跟的先行词eg: He worked in a factory which was near his house 7 years ago. 2. 关系代词既可以指代主句中的任何一个部分也可以指代主句整句话的意思eg: He worked in a factory 7years ago , which was near his house. He worked in a facory 7 years ago , which made him a realman. (which 指代主句整句话的意思）3. that 可以指代人或者物，且（that ，which, who, whom)在定语从句里面充当宾语的时候可以省略。

eg: This is the man (that/ who/ 0) I love so much. This is the school ( that/ which/ 0)he visits every year.不能用that ，指代物时只能用which, 指代人时只能用who, 做宾语时候，不可以省略。

eg: This is the man, who I love so much. This is the school, which he visits every year.。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的判断一．限制性定语从句在意义上有“涉他性”，而非限制性定语从句在意义上有“唯一性”试比较:I have a brother who works in a chemical works.我有一个在化工厂工作的哥哥。

(言外之言：我还有别的哥哥，他或他们不在化工厂工作)I have a brother, who works in a chemical works.我有一个哥哥,他在化工厂工作。

(暗示再没有别的哥哥了)All the books there which have pictures in them, were written by them.那儿所有有插图的书都是他们写的。

(言外之言:那儿还有没有插图的书,而那些书不是他们写的)All the books there, which have pictures in them were written by them.那儿所有的书都是他们写的，书中有插图。

(暗示那儿没有别的书了)二．当先行词为专有名词时其从句通常是非限制性的因为专有名词是某人、地方、机构等特有的名称，无需再加限定例如:Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865 at a theatre in Washington.亚伯拉罕·林肯领导美国度过了这几个年头，可他却于1865年4月14日在华盛顿的一家戏院被暗杀了。

One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764. 但尼尔孟多亚是拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一,他生于1764年。

如果专有名词前有定冠词,其后的定语从句可能是限制性的，因为这时有可能特指两个或两个以上同名的专有名词中的一个。

【超实用】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区别哎呀，你们这些小可爱，让我来给你们普及一下限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别吧！别看这两个东西长得差不多，可是它们在句子里的作用可大可小呢！我们来说说限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句就像是一个严格的规定，它告诉我们这个名词(被修饰的词)是什么样的。

就好像是我们去参加一个派对，主办方说：“请穿着正装的人参加。

”这里的“穿着正装的人”就是限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这个派对是一个正式的场合，需要我们穿正装。

如果我们不穿正装，那我们就可能被拒绝进入派对。

非限制性定语从句就像是一个附加说明，它告诉我们这个名词是什么样的，但是并不影响我们理解这个名词的意义。

就好像是我们去参加一个派对，主办方说：“请穿着舒适的人参加。

”这里的“穿着舒适的人”就是一个非限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这个派对是一个休闲的场合，但是并不要求我们一定要穿得非常正式。

就算我们穿得很随意，只要我们能感受到轻松愉快的气氛，那我们就可以加入派对。

现在你们知道限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别了吧？接下来，我再给你们举几个例子来看看它们的用法。

1. 限制性定语从句：这个村子的环境非常好，空气清新，绿树成荫。

这里的“空气清新，绿树成荫”就是一个限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这个村子的环境非常优美。

如果没有这个限制性定语从句，我们可能只会知道这个村子的环境很好，但是并不知道具体有多好。

2. 非限制性定语从句：我喜欢吃辣的食物，因为它们能让我感受到一种独特的刺激。

这里的“喜欢吃辣的食物”就是一个非限制性定语从句，它告诉我们我喜欢吃辣的食物的原因是因为它们能让我感受到一种独特的刺激。

虽然这句话也包含了关于我喜欢吃辣的食物的信息，但是它并不影响我们理解我喜欢吃辣的食物这个事实。

3. 限制性定语从句：那个高个子的男孩是我的哥哥。

这里的“高个子的男孩”就是一个限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这个男孩是我们的哥哥。

如果没有这个限制性定语从句，我们可能会误以为这个男孩是我们的朋友或者同学。

限定与非限定性定语从句限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的六点区别区别一：形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。

区别二：功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。

如：People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。

(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。

(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整) 区别三：翻译不同在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。

如：He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。

I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。

区别四：含义不同。

比较下面的两个句子：I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个医生的姐姐。

(姐姐不止一个) I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。

(只有一个姐姐)区别五：先行词不同限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。

如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。

【超实用】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区别哎呀，你们这些学英语的小伙伴们，是不是经常被限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句搞得头晕脑胀啊？别着急，今天小编就来给你们普及一下这两个家伙的区别，让你们轻松应对英语考试，不再为这两个小东西烦恼！我们来说说限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句就是那种老是管着它前面的名词，让它不能乱跑的家伙。

它的作用就是为了限制或者说明这个名词，让我们更加清楚地了解这个名词。

比如说，我们有一句话：“我喜欢那个穿红衣服的女孩。

”这里的“穿红衣服的”就是限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这个女孩的具体特征，让我们更加清楚地知道她是谁。

非限制性定语从句就不一样了，它不是那么严格管着前面的名词，让它可以稍微自由一点。

非限制性定语从句的作用就是对前面的名词进行补充说明，但是它并不是必不可少的。

比如说，我们还有一句话：“我喜欢那个穿红衣服的女孩，她笑起来很漂亮。

”这里的“她笑起来很漂亮”就是非限制性定语从句，它对前面的女孩进行了补充说明，但是如果没有这个句子，我们也完全能够理解这句话的意思。

好了，现在你们应该知道限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别了吧？那接下来我们就来举几个例子，让大家更加深刻地记住这个知识点。

我们来看一个关于限制性定语从句的例子：“我买了一本名叫《红楼梦》的书。

”这里的“名叫《红楼梦》的”就是限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这本书的具体名称。

而如果我们把这个句子改成：“我买了一本书，名叫《红楼梦》。

”这个时候，“名叫《红楼梦》的”就变成了非限制性定语从句，因为它不再是必不可少的了。

再来看一个关于非限制性定语从句的例子：“那个会弹钢琴的女孩是我的妹妹。

”这里的“会弹钢琴的”就是非限制性定语从句，它对前面的女孩进行了补充说明。

而如果我们把这个句子改成：“我的妹妹会弹钢琴。

”这个时候，“会弹钢琴的”就变成了限制性定语从句，因为它又开始管着前面的名词了。

我们再来举一个例子：“那个站在门口的人是我爸爸。

2022年高考英语语法讲解定语从句限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别和用法一、句法功能、表现形式不同定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。

限制性定语从句不可缺少先行词，去掉它主句意思往往就不明确了，它与主句之间通常不用逗号分开；非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，去掉它也不会影响主句的意思。

如：Do you know the professor who is speaking at the meeting? （限制性定语从句）English is an important subject, which every student should study well. （非限制性定语从句）二、先行词不尽相同限制性定语从句的先行词往往是某一个词，但非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是句子的一部分，甚至是整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句一般由which或as 引导，as引导非限制性定语从句常用在as is said / known / expected / mentioned / reported / announced等结构中。

如：He has passed the college entrance examination, which makes his parents quite happy.As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.三、关系词的使用情况有所不同1．that 不可引导非限制性定语从句。

如：Her father gave her a computer for her birthday，which pleased her a lot.2．why 不用在非限制性定语从句中，需用for which代替。

如：I told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the party last week.3．关系代词替代情况不同关系代词whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替whom, 但whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who代替。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句有四大区别;一、在句中作用不同限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用;使该词的含义更具体;更明确..限制性定语从句不能被省略;否则句意就不完整..非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切;只是对其作一些附加说明;不起限定制约作用..如果将非限制性定语从句省去;主句的意义仍然完整..二、外在表现形式不同限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切;所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切;所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开..例1. This is the place where he used to live.例 2. Mr. Zhang;who came to see me yesterday;is an old friend of mine.在例 1中;定语从句与先行词关系密切;为限制性定语从句;不可用逗号将其与主句隔开..在例2中;定语从句与先行词关系不密切;为非限制性定语从句;可用逗号将其与主句隔开..三、先行词内容有所不同大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语;而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句;此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 引导..例：1. A middle-aged woman killed her husband;which frightened me very much.由语境可知;令“我”恐惧的内容应为“中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫”这整个一件事;因此先行词为整个主句;此时应由 which 引导定语从句..例：2. A five-year-old boy canspeak two foreign languages; which surprises all the people present.由语境可知;令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是“一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事;因此先行词为整个主句;此时应由 which 引导非限制性定语从句..四、关系词的使用情况有所不同一 that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句所有关系代词和关系副词均可引导限制性定语从句;大多数关系代词和关系副词可引导非限制性定语从句;但 that 不可..例如：他没通过这次考试;令我很失望..误：He didn't pass the exam;that disappointed me.正：He didn't pass the exam;which disappointed me.值得注意的是;不少同学误认为只有 which 才能引导非限制性定语从句;这个观点是不正确的..使用非限制性定语从句时;如果先行词指人;则用 who ; whom或 whose 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用 which 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时;可用when;where 引导非限制性定语从句..例1. We'll graduate in July;when we will be free.例2. Last Sunday they reached Nanjing;where a conference was to be held.二关系代词替代情况不同关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替 whom ;但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替..例: 1. This is the girl whom I met in the street.先行词 the girl 在限制性定语从句中作宾语;可用 who 代替whom .例: 2. A young man had a new girl friend;whom he wanted to impress.先行词 a new girl friend 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语;不可用 who 代替 whom .在限制性定语从句中;先行词指人时可用 that 代替 who/ whom ;但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时;不可用 that 代替who/whom .例：她有一个姐姐;她是教师..误： She has a sister;that is a teacher.正：She has a sister;who is teacher.三关系代词省略情况不同关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去;非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省..例 1. This is the bookwhich/thathe lost yesterday.先行词 the book 在限制性定语从句中作宾语;关系代词 which 或 that 可以省略..例 2. The book; which he lost yesterday; has been found.先行词 the book 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语;关系代词which 不可省..四as引导定语从句时的用法① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as; such … as 结构中..e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s.Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的..② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前;也可放在主句之后;用来修饰整个句子..通常用下列句型：as is known to all; as is said; as is reported; as is announced; as we all know; as I expect 等..e.g. As I expected; he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.3as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别① 当主句和从句语义一致时;用as；反之;用which来引导非限制性定语从句..e.g. He made a long speech; as we expected.He made a long speech; which was unexpected.② 当非限制定语从句为否定时;常用which引导..e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day; which his wife doesn’t likeat all.2. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词;中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开..这种定语从句叫做分隔性定语从句e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+ which”来代替..e.g. October 1; 1949 was the day on which = when the People’s Republic of China was founded.5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时;短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开..e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.6. 介词在关系代词前;只能用which和whom;且不能省略；介词在句尾;关系代词可以省略..定语从句练习、一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.4. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t study hard.5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.12. That’s the chi ld. We were looking at his drawing just now.13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.15. Is that the woman Her daughter is in my class.16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flewa flag.19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.二、根据句子意思;用介词＋关系代词whom或which 完成下列句子.1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is themanager that I told you about.2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.3. Wu Dong; ________ ________ I went to the concert; enjoyed it very much.4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.5. Her bag; ________ ________ she put all her books; has not been found.6. The stories about the Long March; ________ ________ thisis one example; are well written.三、选择填空：1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. when2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.A. whoseB. whoC. whomD. which3. Because of my poor memory; all ____ you told me has been forgotten.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. as4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happilyA. whenB. whereC. whichD. who5. Tom t took away the camera because it was just the samecamera ____ he lost last week.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. as6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. when7. Where is the man ____ I met this morningA. whenB. whereC. whichD. who8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over thereA. whoB. /C. thatD. when9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.A. whoB. whomC. to whomD. to who10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.A. with whomB. whenC. to whomD. which11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking12. The man ____ around our school is from America.A. which you showedB. you showed himC. you showedD. where you showed13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.A. of whomB. from whomC. about thatD. who14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions____ were asked in French.A. whereB. whoC. in whichD. which15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to youA. thatB. whomC. whenD. whose16. Finally; the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.A. thatB. whichC. whateverD. all17. The foreign guests; ____ were government officials; werewarmly welcomed at the airport.A. most of themB. most of thatC. most of whomD. most of those18. This is the very letter ____came last night.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. as19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. anyoneD. the one20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.A. whereB. /C. whenD. what21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. on which22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. /23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.A. that; whatB. what; thatC. which; whatD. that; which24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellowA. thatB. whichC. itsD. whose25. In the dark street; there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.A. whomB. whoC. to whomD. form whom26. Is this school ____ we visited three years agoA. the oneB. whichC. thatD. where27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years agoA. the oneB. whereC. in whichD. /28; How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the countryA. whoseB. whoC. whomD. which29. Alice received an invitation from her boss; ____ cameas a surprise.A. itB. whichC. thatD. he30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage____ already seven other people.A. when there wereB. which there wereC. that there wereD. where there were31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.A. whichB. whoseC. whereD. that32. ---- What game is popular with them---- The ____ most is tennis.A. game they like itB. game they likeC. best game they likeD. best game they like it33. They stayed with me three weeks; ____ they drank all the wine I had.A. whichB. which timeC. during whichD. during which time34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into theYouth League.A. whenB. thatC. at whichD. where36. I’ve finished writing the novel; ____ is to be published next month.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. when37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle; ____ was unexpected.A. whichB. asC. thatD. it38. ____ is known to all; English is not very difficult to learn.A. WhatB. AsC. ThatD. Which39. The old man had three sons; all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.A. whoseB. thatC. whomD. who40. I have bought two pens; ____ write well.A. none of whichB. neither of whichC. both of whichD. all of which41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mindA. whyB. whichC. for thatD. of which42. He failed in the exam; ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.A. whichB. whatC. itD. that43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.A. followingB. followedC. to followD. that followed44. ____ was expected; he succeeded in the exam.A. ItB. WhichC. AsD. That45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer; ____ his father expected.A. that was whatB. what was thatC. and which wasD. which was what46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.A. whenB. asC. whoseD. what47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.A. whenB. asC. whoseD. what48. He is absent; ____ is often the case.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. as49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. which51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in thecountry with the farmers; ____ has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who52. This is the only book ____ I can find.A. thatB. whichC. itD. with which53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.A. isB. areC. hasD. have55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.A. isB. areC. hasD. have定语从句参考答案一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk.2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room.3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine.4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher.6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister.7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful.8. The train which was going to Nanning was late.9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother.10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall.11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer.14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t beenhanded in.15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class16. He used to live in a big house; in front of which grew many banana trees.17. They passed a factory; at the back of which there were rice fields.18. The soldier ran to the building; on the top of which flewa flag.19. In the evening they arrived at a hill; at the foot of which there was a temple.20. She came into a big room; in the middle of which stooda large table.二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom;4. about which;5. in which;6. of which三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB21~25 ABBDC 26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB 51. BAABA。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语的区别定语从句可分为两类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

那么，两者之间有何区别呢？下面笔者结合近几年的高考题分析二者的不同点。

一、含义有所不同限制性定语从句表示所谈的是哪个人及哪件事。

比如说‘I met the man’所指何人不清楚，因此要说‘I met the man who lives next door’。

而非限制性定语从句对所谈的人、物或群体只提供进一步的信息，无需对他们加以确定。

比如说‘I saw Michael Jordan’时，很清楚指的是谁。

但若要进一步说明Michael Jordan，则可说‘I saw Michael Jordan, who is the greatest NBA star’。

请比较以下例句：1.A person whose e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receiveany e-mails. （限制性定语从句）2.Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities, are takengood care of in the village.（非限制性定语从句）3.Some pre-school children go to a day-care center,where they learnsimple games and songs.（非限制性定语从句）4.Mozart’s birthplace and the house where he composed ‘The MagicFlute’are both museums now.（限制性定语从句）二、标点有所不同限制性定语从句前后绝不用逗号或破折号；而在句子中间，非限制性定语从句的前、后都用逗号，但在主句后面时，在从句句末用句号。

破折号有时也可用来代替逗号。