TEFAQ听力考前辅导资料整理

英语四级的听力部分备考资料推荐在备考英语四级听力部分时，选择合适的备考资料是至关重要的。

下面是一些备考英语四级听力部分的资料推荐，帮助您提高听力技巧和应试能力。

1. 《新视野大学英语听力教程》系列（New Horizon College English Listening Course）该系列教材由北外《新视野大学英语》编写组精心编纂，覆盖了四级听力部分的各个考点。

每个单元都包括了大量的听力素材，如短对话、长对话、讲座、新闻等。

同时，该系列教材还提供了丰富的听力训练和答题技巧，帮助学生提高听力水平。

2. 《剑桥大学四级考试听力真题训练》（Cambridge English: Firstfor Schools Trainer）《剑桥大学四级考试听力真题训练》是由剑桥大学出版社出版的备考资料。

该资料提供了多个真实的四级听力考试题目，包括短对话、长对话、讲座等。

学生可以通过练习这些题目，了解考试的出题风格和要求，提高应试能力。

3. 听力APP现如今，市面上有许多专门用于英语听力训练的APP，如扇贝听力、石墨听力等。

这些APP提供了大量的听力材料，包括各类听力题目和真实对话，有助于提高学生的听力技巧和词汇量。

此外，这些APP还提供了方便的自主学习功能，适合学生随时随地进行听力练习。

4. 在线听力课程许多在线学习平台提供了英语听力课程，如MOOC（慕课）平台、VIPKID、51Talk等。

这些课程通常由资深教师主讲，提供丰富的听力练习材料和答题技巧，有助于提高听力水平。

综上所述，备考英语四级听力部分时，可以选择适合自己的备考资料。

以上推荐的资料包括教材、真题训练、APP和在线听力课程，学生可根据自身情况选择适合自己的学习方式。

通过持续的练习和积极的学习态度，相信您一定能够在英语四级听力考试中取得好成绩！。

【机经】TEFAQ口语机经，自己好不容易总结的~~是我自己上网搜索，总结的，还有我自己和老公考过的题。

大家共同分享一下。

第一题：旅游类：1、旅行社有一个文化之旅，打电话问一些情况，主要是看5个国家的雕像（中国秦始皇兵马俑、泰国、日本好像……）2、你在杂志里看到一个旅游广告，７天，８２９欧一个人，是坐游轮，要去４，５个地中海国家游玩，让你根据这个材料给旅行社打电话咨询3、关于突尼斯旅游的招贴？le voyage en Tunisie住宿类：1、度假交换房子的，基本上和租房子一样都是那几种问法（ＴＥＦ２５０那本书上有例题）2、一个瑞士酒店的广告，咨询酒店订房间的题目文化类：1、打电话询问上钢琴课的相关信息2、一个语言学校的广告。

可以提供语言培训的。

3、到个餐馆学日本料理4、你在筹备婚礼，偶然在杂志上看到了一个婚庆公司的广告，希望通过打电话得到更多有用的信息5、带儿子（女儿）去参加一家博物馆搞的活动（仿真动物展），事先打电话问些信息。

6、法国邻居节7、一张图画，上面讲说那个地方能够提供计算机给需要的人用，打电话租电脑招聘类：1、报纸上的广告，说是有一个audition（招聘艺人的试演，试唱），他们要招20多人。

招完以后，培训一下（atelier是培训班的意思），然后安排在有名的艺术家的音乐会的最初一个阶段，助兴的。

要求学生在看到这个annonce以后打电话去问问清楚，提些问题。

2、为了法国国庆日晚会征集表演志愿者3、广告找保姆，TEF250里面有一个和这个相似是找一个有经验的BABY-SITTER。

4、当志愿者，照顾小孩5、有人招聘照顾宠物的保姆第二题：旅游类：1、坐热气球旅游的活动，劝你的朋友和你一起参加。

2、都是些艺术上的词汇，说服考官让他陪我去参观这个博物馆。

3、一篇关于去某个地方挖掘古董的杂志，有图片和文字，文字内容的生词较难，得先过阅读关。

考古现场免费参观4、说服一个朋友去某地旅游，好像是墨西哥海滩5、一个登山的活动，旅游度假类；介绍并说服考官去参加这个活动6、一个旅游活动，但是是在游轮上7、去阿根廷旅游（远足？）faire de la randonnée en argentine文化类：1、一个舞蹈学校的广告，要求你看了以后打电话给朋友，说服他和你一起去报名。

雅思听力备考秘籍有些烤鸭看到雅思高分的同学往往是听力分数较高，就误认为雅思听力是比较容易的一项。

然而听力的复习是尤其需要时间积累的，要把我们习惯的视觉复习模式转换为听觉复习模式，没有耐心很容易半途而废。

下面前程百利雅思小编为大家分享雅思听力备考秘籍，教大家如何备考雅思听力。

词汇复习中最痛苦的事情莫过于背单词了，当拿到一本砖头般的词汇书，信心已经跑了大半。

此时，意志力是最重要的，清楚自己的目标才有动力。

同时，对症下药才能事半功倍，弄明白复习方法和要点是关键。

听力单词的复习首先最不能忽略的是读音，一方面是自己怎么读单词，另一方面是听到单词的敏感度。

如果自己对单词读音记忆有误，在听的时候就很难辨认出正确的读音，导致单词的混淆。

听到单词后在脑海中是否能迅速对应拼写和含义，这就影响到能否理解并且把答案顺利写下来。

听力单词并不难，但要做到反应敏捷就需要烤鸭们多次反复、不厌其烦地熟悉和巩固。

同时，提醒各位考生，评估自己单词是否掌握到位不是仅仅看自己能不能把单词都听写出来。

因为按照词汇书背单词顺序是确定的，音频中不可能出现乱序，有时记住单词是把单词出现的顺序记住了。

所以还是应该在做题听文章中进一步检验。

推荐考生可以找一些背单词软件(如“百词斩”)，一来没有书本的厚重感，对单词的出现顺序没有预期，形式也更加新鲜。

除了单词读音和语义拼写的联系外，还需加强的就是同义词积累和词性延展了。

单词在文章中出现的形式多种多样，背一个单词不能解决所有的问题，掌握好词汇的丰富变化才能应对自如。

真题对于真题，不少烤鸭的复习方式就是一股脑儿做完，以为完成感就是成就感。

做题的目的一方面当然是检验自己的能力，了解考试形式，更重要的是摸索出题方式，弄清楚自己的薄弱点并加强练习。

首先，在做单篇练习时可以适当多给自己一点审题时间，让自己体验一下充分理解题意后做题的感觉，不要因为是自己练习过就完全略过审题这个步骤。

学会抓审题要点后再加强速度要求。

新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍1.新托福和旧托福的对比考试形式预读题目笔记题型PBT旧托福Paper Yes No 1/4 multiple choiceIBT新托福Internet No Yes New types2.题量，时间，分数文章类型题量题目数时间CONVERSATION 2-3 5 / conversation 2-3 min /conversation LECTURE 4-6 6 / lecture 4-6 min / lecture TOTAL 6-9（加试）34 60-90 min SCALE SCORE: 30 见OG185评分标准3.题目的考查形式➢考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本➢电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书➢新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题➢答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限➢答题流程：永不悔改4.文章材料的考查形式➢文章结构：删除了旧托福的PART A 部分，更加注重于对于能力的考查➢文章长度：比旧托福长➢文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活➢文章类型：对话，独白，讨论CONVERSATION文章思路LECTURE文章思路5.新托福考试题型概述IBT listening comprehensionBasiccomprehensionGist questionDetail questionPragmaticunderstandingPurpose questionAttitude questionConnectinginformationOrganization questionInference question题号问题题型1Why does the student go to see theprofessor?Gist question2 According to the professor, whatinformation should the student include inher statement of purpose?Detail Question3What does the professor consider unusualabout the student’s background?Detail Question 4 Why does the professor tell a story about Detail Questionhis friend who went ot medical school?5 What does the professor imply about thepeople who admit students to graduateschool?Inference question6 What are the students mainly discussing? Gist question7 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the woman say this?Purpose question8 According to the conversation, why aretransposes sometimes called “jumpinggenes”?Detail Question9 According to the conversation, what are twoways in which bacteria cells get resistancegenes?Detail Question10What can be inferred about the resistancegenes discussed in the conversation?Inference question11 What is the talk mainly about? Gist question12What is the professor’s point of viewconcerning the method of “safe yield”?Detail Question 13 According to the professor, what are two Detail Questionproblems associated with removing wter from an underground system?14 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the professor say this?Purpose question15What is a key feature of a sustainable watersystem?Detail Question16 What does the professor imply about watersystems managed by the “safe yield”method?Inference question17Why does the professor talk about Plato’sdescription of society?Gist question18 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the professor imply aboutplato’s ethical theory?Attitude question19 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the professor ask this?Purpose question20 What are two points that reflect Plato’s Detail Questionviews about education?21 Based on information in the lecture, indicatewhether the statements below abouthuman emotion reflect beliefs held by Plato,Organizationquestion22According to Plato, what is the maincharacteristic of a good or just person?Detail Question23 What is the main topic of the lecture? Gist question24According to the professor, why did onescientist grow a rye plant in water?Detail Question25 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the professor say this?Purpose question26 The professor mentions houseplants thatreceive too much water. Why does shemention them?Detail Question27 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the professor intend to explain?Purpose question28According to the professor, what similarity isthere between crabgrass and rye plants?Detail Question29 What is the lecture mainly about? Gist question30 Why does the professor talk about aconstruction company that has work indifferent cities?Detail Question31 Listen again and then answer thequestion:Why does the professor say this?Purpose question32What is an example of a violation of the“unity of command” principle?Detail Question33 According to the professor, where mightthere be a conflict in an organizationalstructure based on both projects andfunction?Detail Question34 Indicate whether each sentence belowdescribes functional organization or project organization. Place a check mark in thecorrect box.Organizationquestion➢Gist question: 6➢Detail question: 16➢Purpose question: 6➢Attitude question: 1➢Organization question: 2➢Inference question: 3 6.界面展示7.IBT新托福资料说明——听力部分图片资料名称特点推荐使用方法The Official Study Guide ●题目数量不多●难度较简单●题型全面，和考试相同，质量高●精听精做●题目分类研究●文章精读研究●不建议模考ETS TOEFL PRACTICE ONLINE ●一共14套，其中新东方引进4套，还有2套是OG题目，其他全部为全真试题●难度和考试相当，已经有较全的版本出现●题型全面，场景全面●精听精做●建议最后冲刺模考DELTA 新托福考试备考策略与模拟试题●题目数量大，后面有四套模拟试题●前面的训练题目文章较短，不是托福模拟●精听精做●建议考前强化训练●对语速跟读●听力材料要比考试稍难些，速度也稍快些●题型和考试相差很多，不建议细钻模仿DELTA 新托福考试模拟试题●题目数量大，有六套模拟试题●具体特点同蓝皮delta●建议考前模拟●对语速跟读模仿BARRON 新托福考试全真模考题与精解●题目数量大，后面有7套模拟试题●难度偏小，在基础班使用●建议平时精听训练KAPLAN模考试题四套●有四套模拟试题●听力部分略难，语速略快●配合模拟光盘，有临考感觉●考前模考THOMSON模考试题两套●只有两套题，但质量很好，文章难度适中，题目难度和Barron相近，感觉上略难一些，和考试非●建议模考常相似。

8分雅思听力实用备考资料对于大部分中国考生来说，要想雅思均分达到7分及以上，听力和阅读必须达到8分左右的高分，因为中国考生的单科成绩普遍呈现口语、写作分数低于听力、阅读的分布。

所以，大部分考生依靠听力和阅读两项冲刺来达到均分目标。

下面小编给大家带来8分雅思听力实用备考资料。

8分雅思听力实用备考资料1. 词汇推荐：王陆807雅思词汇精讲(听力篇)这本词汇书可以作为雅思听力入门词汇使用。

其中囊括了学术、旅游饮食、休闲、动植物等10大听力高频场景，实用性强。

该书是在雅思市场上最具影响力的图书之一。

807词汇的提出彻底颠覆了以往英语词汇教学的概念。

首先是数量概念。

807更加强调高频词汇，所有的词汇都选自雅思真题。

按照历年雅思考生的经验，只要掌握807听力词汇，雅思听力就不再有词汇障碍。

高频词汇的提出让考生充分降低了单词背诵的工作量。

其次是讲解的概念。

以前的词汇讲解往往是从记忆法的角度进行，而本书则从使用的角度进行。

在词汇讲解部分既有场景知识，又有考试注意事项和常见问题点评，堪称一书多用。

本书的作者系雅思培训行业权威听说主讲王陆老师，经验丰富，深受学生喜爱。

书中全部素材源自真题实践，具有很强的实践性，是雅思考生听力冲刺的必备图书。

建议使用方法：场景词汇是雅思听力的基础。

所以建议考鸭在正式做听力练习前先花10-20天时间，将807词汇背一遍，务必确保发音及拼写无误。

然后，在做真题的同时，每天规定自己背诵20-30页单词，作为巩固。

这样更能强化考点词汇。

推荐：雅思听力真题考点词汇《雅思听力真题考点词汇》为雅思天后刘薇又一力作，旨在帮助雅思考生在短期内实现听力突破。

本书所有词汇及表达均来自“剑桥雅思真题”系列及2012年至今机经题库。

书中列出听力考试中常考词汇，并进行考频统计和排序，使重点词汇一目了然;列出听力表达中的近义词汇，使考生能灵活掌握和替换;将听力原文中出现的词汇细分为租房、校园生活与教育、旅游、日常生活与工作以及学术共五大场景，便于考生分类记忆。

1．有关“对话”部分中的常见短语与表达方式：（1）职业与身份：a, 教师与学生可能的场景：学生问老师问题；学生寻求老师帮助；学生询问老师对作业的意见；老师要求学生校对论文打印错误。

常见词与短语：textbook, course, subject, homework, assignment, test, quiz, tuition, school record（成绩单）,credits（学分）,registration, quit school, term paper, thesis（毕业论文）,band（乐队）,Students’Union, gymnasium, homecoming（校友聚会）, dormitory, teaching building，do research for ,pr ofessor, semester, work as one’s teaching assistant, assistance, assist, trouble a professor, may I ask you a few questions, I have a class at ten, c ome in one’s office hours, finish reading one’s research report, revise (improve) some parts of it, get it published, read some papers he recommended, correct all the typing errors in a paper, read it through again, check the paper for typing errors等。

b, 图书馆管理员与学生常见词与短语:library, book for reading assignment, magazine, periodical, fiction, reading room, library card, library catalogue（图书馆的图书目录）, loan desk（借书处）, journal, reference book, stacks （书库）, shelves, renew, due（到期的）, overdue（过期的）,close, open, weekend, weekday, check out, volume two (ten), check for sb., borrow, one the upper shelf, a book hard to identify/ is missing, has been misplaced 等。

托业考试听力练习资料集锦2022年托业考试听力练习资料1DAVID GREENE, HOST: When you watch a presidential debate, it's easy to think that the nation is deeply divided over economic policy. But when you talk to the experts, to economists, turns out they agree on an enormous number of issues. Our Planet Money team wondered what it would sound like if you could take some of those academic ideas about the economy and put them in a candidate's mouth.NPR's Robert Smith finds out.ROBERT SMITH, BYLINE: To create a dream candidate, you need a dream team. We took five leading economists of all different stripes - conservative, liberal.__IFIED MAN #1: You could probably describe me as left of center, to be fair.LUIS __S: Pro-market but not necessarily pro-business.__IFIED MAN #2: I'm a pretty hardcore free market guy.__NE __: I'm a professor of health economics at the Harvard School of Public Health.1/ 12__IFIED MAN #3: I think of myself as a radical pragmatist.SMITH: And we said to this team, put all your differences aside and tell us what can you actually agree on. In an ideal world, what should the presidential candidates be talking about? Luigi Zingales from the University of Chicago Booth School started off with something pretty uncontroversial - the United States tax code is a disaster.__S: All the loopholes and differences and in particular deductions.SMITH: Now, politicians say this all the time and they rarely give a solution. But our economists all agree on a pretty good way to fix it. The United States, they all said, needs to get rid of a giant tax deduction that unfortunately millions of Americans love and enjoy.__IFIED MAN #4: The mortgage interest deduction.__: The mortgage interest deduction.__S: Mortgage interest is extremely perverse.SMITH: If you own a home, pay a mortgage, you can write off the interest on your taxes. And if you're one of the lucky ones, it's awesome. A little help from Uncle Sam to live the Americandream. But to an economist, a tax break is a multibillion dollar gift2/ 12to a very particular group, in this case a group that doesn't always need the money. Here's Dean Baker. He's a liberal with the Center for Economic and Policy Research, and a conservative, Luigi Zingales.DEAN BAKER: It just makes no sense that, you know, if we have Bill Gates or whoever, some very wealthy person, we're subsidizing them to get an expensive home.__S: So because rich people receive a much larger subsidy, the price of houses increases so much it actually makes it less affordable for the poorer people.SMITH: If you totally eliminate this deduction, the U.S. government would have an extra $100 billion a year to pay down the deficit or maybe lower overall taxes. Why wouldn't a politician at least float the idea? Well we wanted to see how it would sound so we hired an actor. We wrote him a stump speech and put him in front of a fake audience.__IFIED MAN #5: That's why when I'm elected president of the United States, I have a special plan for the middle class. All of you Americans who own your own homes, I promise to raise your tax bill by thousands of dollars a year.__: And that's why no one elects economists.3/ 12SMITH: Katherine Baicker from Harvard says as painful andas unpopular as eliminating deductions would be, there is an upside. The system would be more fair and it would bring in all this extra revenue to the government. So I asked the panel, any chance with all that extra money you could maybe lower some tax rates too? Well, our economists did agree on one tax that has to go.__IFIED MAN #5: Read my lips, no taxes for corporations. Zero, nada, nothing.SMITH: This is not going to go over well with the middle class either. Right now President Obama and Mitt Romney are advocating lower corporate taxes, but no one said get rid of them altogether. But our conservative and liberal economists agree, in principle at least. Here's Dean Baker.BAKER: We don't want to prevent Microsoft or General Motors or whoever it might be from investing more and improving their product line. That's a good thing in my view.SMITH: Our economists said that if you want to tax rich people as part of public policy, tax rich people, tax the owners of the corporation, but don't tax the profits from the corporationthat are reinvested and creating jobs. Now, before you think that4/ 12our economic dream team has nothing but unpopular ideas,there is more to the plan.Later today on ALL THINGS __RED, our economists say there might just be a way to get rid of income taxes altogether and they unveil their big plan to combat illegal drugs.__IFIED MAN #6: Make them legal.SMITH: And other economic wisdom you won't hear in the debates. Robert Smith, NPR News, New York.2022年托业考试听力练习资料2The U.S. presidential election is approaching, and political parties and advocacy groups across the nation are making a final push to get people registered to vote and to the polls for the November 6th contest. Groups are mobilizing to get an underrepresented group of eligible voters involved in the process. Shakei Haynes is helping college students register to vote in the November election. He's been doing this since 2022年when he was 16-years-old. Now he's a political science student at Howard University in Washington. He says the job is getting easier. “Mobilizing individuals to get registered to vote has not been hard at all because people understand the urgency. Inthis election, you have two different contrasting views of what5/ 12America should look like over the next four years," said Haynes.Some of these young African-American students will be first-time voters. Nearly half of the seven million African Americans ages 18 to 30 were unregistered and therefore not eligible to vote, according to the 2022年U.S. Census. Shakei says that is unacceptable and young people, especially minorities, should not be underrepresented in the political process. "A democracy should be reflective of the people who are in it. If we can, you know, make that process a little easier for students then that is our job, and that is the reward at the end of the day," he said. Howard student Jai Dungey is from New Jersey. She says everyone should know their vote matters. "Voting is a right, it is a right. People need to realize that it is not a privilege. We should come together and just take advantage of this right we have been given and people have worked so hard to give us," said Dungey. Corion Jones is voting for the first time. He's from the battleground state of Ohio. He feels his vote could help determine the outcome of the election. "Everyone should be able to express what they want or what they feel in their own country, so the opportunity and the ability to vote is highlyimportant," said Jones. "Just encourage sort of those last few6/ 12remaining folks we are trying to reach," said Gail Kitch. GailKitch is chief operating officer with the non-partisan Voter Participation Center in Washington. Her group launched a voter-registration campaign by mail last year targeting young people of color and unmarried women. "The young person is sort of primed to think they are ready to participate now, and this kind of a document mailed straight to them is exactly the kind of thing they are going to respond to," she said. Now the push is on to make sure newly registered voters actually cast ballots in November.2022年托业考试听力练习资料3A pioneer who made arid lands bloom is the recipient of this year's prestigious World Food Prize. Daniel Hillel developed drip irrigation techniques that squeeze the most crop out of a drop of water, making farming possible in places where water is scarce. Daniel Hillel’s orchards near his home in Israel are innovation in action. Each tree row is fed by plastic tubes that drip water at the base of the tree. Irrigating drop by drop - called drip irrigation - has transformed agriculture by dramatically reducing the amount of water needed. Farmers now rely on it inwater-scarce regions from Spanish vineyards, to African onion7/ 12fields, to America’s fruit and sala d bowl. “We in Californiagrow about 50 percent of the fruits and vegetables of the continental United States," says University of California at Davis hydrologist Jan Hopmans. "And the reason that is possible is because of, indeed, these drip and micro-i rrigation techniques.” Hillel got his start in dryland farming as a pioneer in Israel’s Negev Desert in the 1950s. "The issue was efficient use of water," he says, "because land is available. It’s extensive. Water is limited.” These desert farmers did not have the luxury of running irrigation water through channels to their crops, the way farmers have since ancient times. So Hillel and others gave plants just what they needed, just where they needed it. “The idea was to apply the water little by little, the way you spoon-feed a baby,” Hillel says. It worked so well that Hillel was soon traveling the world, showing others how to do it. Experts say drip irrigation is an innovation whose importance is growing, as climate change and rising population strain water supplies in many parts of the world. “This is where water use, water availability, water-use efficiency and climate change and crop production all converge," Hillel says. "And this has been really theessence of my career.” A career whose legacy can be8/ 12measured drop by drop.2022年托业考试听力练习资料4Liberia’s Congress for Democratic Change (CDC), considered the country’s main opposition political party, has lost the last two presidential elections. It has been criticized as lacking the support of many of the country’s professionals and intelligentsia. Over the weekend, the CDC-USA branch held a consultative forum to mark the inauguration of its officers. The topic of the forum was “Institutional-Building through Reconciliation.” Arthur Watson, former president of the Union of Liberian Associations in the Americas, told the forum that Liberia needs institutions that are transparent, efficient, and void of nepotism and corruption. “When we build institutions and ensure that everyone operates within the framework of those institutions, we prevent conflict in our country. When our legal institutions are strong and not beholding to any one person, not even the president of the nation, each person will play by the same rules and be accountable and held to the same standards. Our people will feel safer because they will have equal access to due process under the law,” Watson said. Another speaker, AbrahamMassaley, called for a strong and effective national legislature. He9/ 12criticized the legislature as weak and ineffective. Massaleyproposed that the best way to make legislators accountable is to elect senators every six years, instead of every nine years. “The term of office for senators and representatives needs to be short enough to maintain an accountable link with the voters. Obviously, electing senators for nine years imposes very minimum responsibility on them to account to voters. The more frequent our senators and representatives can face the voters, the more accountable they will be,” he said. Massaley said it is more costly to maintain an unproductive senator in office than to hold elections every six years. He called on the CDC to lead a constitutional reform campaign before the 2022年senatorial elections. “Anyone who ha s read the recent FrontPage Africa article about increment in legislative salaries and benefits totaling more than $10,000 per month per legislator will agree with me that it is far too costly to maintain an unproductive senator in office for nine years than to hold elections to replace such a senator. This is why I call on the CDC to lead the opposition to campaign vigorously for constitutional reform before, or during, the 2022年senatorial election,” Massaley said.Samuel Tweah, former national chairman of CDC-USA, said10/ 12institutional building is paramount to the CDC having lost twopresidential elections. He said the CDC should not just criticize the current government. Instead, it must offer itself as the alternative. “Any strategy in the CDC that f ocuses on [President] Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, who is not seeking re-election, is fundamentally unsound and flawed. We need to show how we will be different from her,” he said. Tweah said the CDC decided to launch its institutionalization campaign because the party realizes that no political party in Liberia can win an election if that party is overwhelmingly rejected by the country’s intelligentsia. He said the CDC has also begun to address the concerns of some in the international community who have wondered whether the CDC, as the largest opposition party in Liberia, can govern. “They have a stake; they’re spending a lot of money and so they want to understand the fundamental question: Can the CDC govern? Can we trust the future of Liberia with the Congress for Democratic Change? Can it marshall the capability to deliver outcomes that are sustainable economically and politically. That question, I would say, the CDC is beginning to address,” Tweah said. There have been dissensionsrecently within the CDC resulting in the defection of some11/ 12staunch members. Massaley called on the CDC to first begin to reconcile itself, as it attempts to lead the way for national reconciliation. “There are no permanent enemies in politics. In any large organization, such as the CDC, there will always be the struggle for competing ideas and interests. Butm in the end, the interest of the party must be the rallying point for party unity. However, I am not implying that betrayal of the party interest be swept under the bu s,” Massaley said. Former member of Liberia’s disbanded Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Massa Washington, called for reconciliation through legal, economic and social justice. She called on the government to implement recommendations of various national commissions, including the TRC that called for accountability for gross human rights violations.12/ 12。

【托福听力资料】托福TPO15 听力文本——Lecture 1众所周知，托福TPO材料是备考托福听力最好的材料。

相信众多备考托福的同学也一直在练习这套材料，那么在以下内容中我们就为大家带来托福TPO听力练习的文本，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。

TPO 15 Lecture 1 PsychologyNarrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a psychology classProfessorFor decades, psychologists have been looking at our ability to perform tasks while other things are going on, how we are able to keep from being distracted and what the conditions for good concentration are.As long ago as 1982, researchers came up with something called the CFQ - the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire. This questionnaire asks people to rate themselves according to how often they get distracted in different situations, like um … .. forgetting to save a computer file because they had something else on their mind or missing a speed limit sign on the road. John?John：I’ve lost my share of computer files, but not because I’m easily distracted. I just forget to save them.Professor ：And that’s part of the problem with th e CFQ. It doesn ’ t take other factors into account enough, like forgetfulness. Plus you really can ’ t say you are getting objective scientific results from a subjective questionnaire where people report on themselves.So it ’ s no surprise that someone attempted to design an objective way tomeasure distraction. I t ’ s a simple computer game designed by a psychologist named, Nilli Lavie. In Lavie ’ s game, people watch as the letters N and X appear and disappear in a certain area on the computer screen. Every time they see an N, they press one key, and every time they see an X they press another, except other letters also start appearing in the surrounding area of the screen with increasing frequency which creates a distraction and makes the task more difficult. Lavie observed that people ’ s reaction time slowed as these distractions increased.Student 2 ：Well that’s not too surprising, is it?Professor：No, it’s not. It’s the next part of the experiment that was surprising. When the difficulty really increased,when the screen filled up with letters, people got better at spotting the Xs and Ns . Why do you think that happened?John：Well, maybe when we are really concentrating, we just don’t perceive irrelevant information . Maybe we just don’t take it in, you know?ProfessorYes, and that’s one of the hypotheses that was proposed, that the brain simply doesn’t admit the unimportant information. The second hypothesis is that, yes, we do perceive everything, but the brain categorizes the information, and whatever is not relevant to what we are concentrating on gets treated as low priority.So Lavie did another experiment, designed to look at this ability to concentrate better in the face of increased difficulty. This time she used brain scanning equipment to monitor activity in a certain part of the brain, the area called V5, which is part of the visual cortex, the part of our brains that processes visual stimuli. V5 is the area of the visual cortex that’s responsible for the sensation of movement. Once again, Lavie gave people a computer-based task to do.They have to distinguish between words in upper and lower-case letters or even harder, they had to count the number of syllables in different words. This time the distraction was a moving star field in the background, you know, where it looks like you are moving through space, passing stars. Normally area of V5 would be stimulated as those moving stars are perceived and sure enough, Lavie found that during the task area of V5 was active, so people were aware of the moving star field. That means people were not blocking out the distraction. Student：So doesn’t that mean that the first hypothesis you mentioned was wrong, the one that says we don’t even perceive irrelevant information when we are concentrating?ProfessorYes that’s right, up to a point, but that’s not all. Lavie also discovered that as she made the task more difficult , V5 became less active, so that means that now people weren ’ t really noticing the star field at all. That was quite a surprise and it proved that the second hypothesis – that we do perceiveeverything all the time but the brain categorizes distractions differently,well, that wasn’t true either.Lavie thinks the solution lies in the brai ’s ability to accept or ignore visual information. She thinks its capacity is limited. It’s like a highway.When there are too many cars, traffic is stopped. No one can get on. So when the brain is loaded to capacity, no new distractions can be perceived .Now that may be the correct conclusion for visual distractions, but moreresearch is needed to tell us how the brain deals with, say, the distractions ofsolving a math problem when we are hungry or when someone is singing in the next room.。

中考英语听力备考必备资料大全题库中考英语听力部分是考试中相对较为难以掌握的一部分，要想在考试中取得好成绩，提前准备听力材料是必不可少的。

本篇文章将为大家推荐一些必备的听力备考资料，帮助大家提高听力水平，顺利应对中考英语听力考试。

1.国家统一中考英语听力真题国家统一中考英语听力真题是备考听力的重要参考资料。

这些真题包括了多种题型，涵盖了各种语境和语速。

通过大量练习真题，可以帮助我们熟悉常考的单词和短语，掌握常见的语法结构，提高听力理解能力和应对考试的能力。

2.听力练习软件和APP为了提高听力水平，我们可以借助各种听力练习软件和APP进行训练。

这些软件和APP提供了丰富的听力材料，包括各种语境和口音。

通过多样化的听力训练，我们可以更好地适应考试中的各种听力情境，提高听力水平。

3.英语学习网站和听力课程互联网时代，我们可以利用网络资源进行听力学习。

有一些优质的英语学习网站和在线听力课程可以帮助我们提高听力技巧和理解能力。

这些网站和课程提供了大量的听力材料，包括听力讲解、听力练习和听力测试，可以帮助我们有针对性地进行听力训练，提升听力水平。

4.各类英语学习书籍英语学习书籍也是备考听力的重要资料之一。

既可以选择针对中考听力的专门练习书籍，也可以选择一些通用的听力教程书籍。

这些书籍提供了丰富的听力材料和练习题，可以帮助我们系统地学习听力知识，提高听力技巧。

5.听力辅助工具为了更好地备考听力，我们还可以使用一些辅助工具来提高听力效果。

比如使用耳机来提升听力体验，使用字幕进行听力训练，使用录音设备进行听力回放。

这些辅助工具可以帮助我们更好地理解听力材料，提高听力水平。

备考中考英语听力需要提前准备听力材料，通过大量的练习来提高听力水平。

国家统一中考英语听力真题、听力练习软件和APP、英语学习网站和听力课程、各类英语学习书籍以及听力辅助工具都是备考听力的必备资料。

希望大家通过这些资料的使用，能够在中考英语听力考试中取得好成绩。

雅思听力考前复习技巧技巧一、词汇复习对于听力考试，词汇的掌握非常重要。

熟悉这项测试的考生都知道，听力词汇是分场景的，主要场景有以下几个：图书馆场景，如item， register， minimum fine， etc.租房场景，如landlord， reservation， tenant， telephone bill， deposit，etc.咨询课程场景，如enrollment， mid-term exam， book in advance， etc.导游介绍景点场景，如suburb， square， bottom， entrance， corridor， etc.和各种学术场景，如carnivorous， reptile， concrete， meteor， etc.如果词汇掌握得不熟练，在听的过程中就会遇到一个个“绊脚石”，导致无法听懂，尤其是section4中的学术场景。

在这里提醒考生们在考前一个月中一定要定时定量背诵场景词汇，而且要有重点地去背，不要眉毛胡子一把抓。

考前一个月，相关的习题已经做的差不多了，考生应该对高频词汇有感觉了。

将平日里没听出来的场景高频词整理出来，多看几遍。

在教学过程中，有部分同学会纠结一个问题：为什么词汇已经背了好多遍了，听的时候还是反应不过来?答案很简单：单词不会发音或发音不准确。

举一个简单的例子，许多考生都知道encourage这个词，也知道courage这个词根是“勇气”的意思。

但是一旦courageous这个词出现，没有几个考生能够辨出音来。

由此可见，场景词汇的背诵一定要掌握这样一个原则：先会读再会写。

试想，读都不会读，听时怎么能辨得出来?所以只有坚持这样一个原则，才能对重要场景词汇敏感，提高正确率。

技巧二、真题演练看到“真题演练”这四个字，很多考生会感到不屑：真题做了至少两遍了，还演练什么啊。

做过几遍真题的考生都有这样的体会：第一遍错哪里，第二遍还是错在那里。