Book 1 Unit 1 Friendship
一. 单词
1. survey n. 调查, 概述v. 测量, 检查
短语: n. make a survey of sth. 调查…
make a general survey of sth. 纵观…
v. survey sth. 调查, 评述, 检查
survey the equipment 检查设备
eg. A recent survey showed most of those questioned were for the plan.
最近的民意测验显示大多数调查对象同意这项计划.
派生词:surveyor n. 测量员, 检察员
2. add v. 增加, 增添, 补充说
短语: add up sth 把…加起来
add up to 合计, 总共
add sth. to sth. 把…加到….
eg. He added some sugar to the coffee.他给咖啡里加了些糖.
add to sth.= increase/ raise sth. 增加了
eg. The bad weather added to our difficulty.坏天气增加了我们的困难.
派生词: addition n.附加物
additional adj.附加的
in addition to 除…之外
3. point n. 要点, 尖端, 含义v. 指出
短语: n. come to the point of 到了…地步
to the point of 达到…的程度
be on the point of doing 正要做…
There is no point in…没必要/ 没意义做…
boiling point 沸点
v. point to/ at 指向…
point out sth. to sb. 向某人指出某事
point out that…指出…
point sth. to/ at sb. 把…对着某人
注意:
(1) 当非善意地用手指某人时, 只能用point at
(2) 当表示指针指向, 证据表明, 建筑物的朝向时, 用point to
eg. The house points to the sea.那所房子面向大海.
派生词: pointed adj.尖锐的, 尖的
pointless adj. 无意义的, 无益的
4. upset v. 使不安, 打乱adj.心烦意乱的
短语: upset sb. 使某人不安
upset the plan 扰乱了计划
upset the cup 打翻了杯子.
It upsets sb. that…让某人心烦的是….
It upsets sb. to do sth.做…使某人不快.
be upset about 对…感到心烦
区别: upset/ nervous/ anxious
(1) upset 指由于某事的发生而心烦意乱.
(2) nervous 在做某事的过程中紧张害怕的感觉.
(3) anxious 因担心某事的发生或不发生而焦虑不安
5. concern n.担心, 关心, 关系v. 涉及, 有关
短语: n. show/ express concern about/ for 对…表示关心/ 担心
have concern with 和…有关系
with concern 关切地
v. concern oneself about/ for 担忧/ 关心…
concern oneself with 从事, 参与…
concern sb./ sth. 与…有关
eg. There is growing concern about violence on TV. 人们对电视上的暴力内容日见担忧. eg. Don’t be involved in what doesn’t concern you. 不要管那些与你无关的事.
派生词: concerned adj. 有关的, 担心的
be concerned about/ over/ for 关心, 挂念
be concerned with/ in 牵扯进/ 参与….
all parties concerned 有关各方
as/ so far as… be concerned 就…而言
eg. As far as I’m concerned, the sooner, the better.就我而言, 越快越好.
6. cheat v. 欺骗, 作弊n.骗子, 作弊者
短语: cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人某物
cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做…
cheat sb. into the belief that 骗某人相信…
catch sb. cheating in an exam 作弊被抓
注意:
(1) “骗某人的钱”是cheat sb. of sb.’s money.
(2) cheat sb. into the belief that 中的从句是同位语从句
eg. Tom cheated the boy into the belief that he could turn into a bird. Tom
骗这个小男孩相信他能变成一只鸟.
7. series n. 一系列, 连续
短语: a series of 一连串的, 一系列的
a series of accidents 一连串事故
a series of articles 一系列文章
a TV series 一部电视连续剧
in series 连续, 一系列地
注意:
(1) series属于单复数同形的单词, 其他类似的单词还有, means, species
(2) “ a series of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数
eg. A series of car accidents happens at the crossing every year.
每年这个十字路口都要发生一连串的交通事故.
派生词: serial n. 连续剧, 连载小说
8. suffer v.遭受, 忍受
